JP7264830B2 - 食品組成物 - Google Patents
食品組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7264830B2 JP7264830B2 JP2019566828A JP2019566828A JP7264830B2 JP 7264830 B2 JP7264830 B2 JP 7264830B2 JP 2019566828 A JP2019566828 A JP 2019566828A JP 2019566828 A JP2019566828 A JP 2019566828A JP 7264830 B2 JP7264830 B2 JP 7264830B2
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS, COOKING OILS
- A23D7/00—Edible oil or fat compositions containing an aqueous phase, e.g. margarines
- A23D7/005—Edible oil or fat compositions containing an aqueous phase, e.g. margarines characterised by ingredients other than fatty acid triglycerides
- A23D7/0056—Spread compositions
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS, COOKING OILS
- A23D7/00—Edible oil or fat compositions containing an aqueous phase, e.g. margarines
- A23D7/005—Edible oil or fat compositions containing an aqueous phase, e.g. margarines characterised by ingredients other than fatty acid triglycerides
- A23D7/0053—Compositions other than spreads
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS, COOKING OILS
- A23D7/00—Edible oil or fat compositions containing an aqueous phase, e.g. margarines
- A23D7/02—Edible oil or fat compositions containing an aqueous phase, e.g. margarines characterised by the production or working-up
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS, COOKING OILS
- A23D9/00—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings, cooking oils
- A23D9/007—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings, cooking oils characterised by ingredients other than fatty acid triglycerides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G1/00—Cocoa; Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/30—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/32—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G1/00—Cocoa; Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/30—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/32—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
- A23G1/36—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds characterised by the fats used
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Confectionery (AREA)
- Edible Oils And Fats (AREA)
- General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)
Description
気孔率=Vp-Vcm/Vp×100[式中、Vpは粒子の体積であり、Vcmはマトリックスの体積又は物質のかさ体積である。]
ガラス転移温度の測定
示差走査熱量測定(TA Instrument Q2000)によりガラス転移温度(Tg)を測定した。エンタルピー緩和(enthalpy of relaxation)の消去にはダブルスキャン法を用い、ガラス転移について良好な観察を得た。スキャン速度は5℃/分とした。1回目のスキャンはTgよりも約30℃高温で停止した。この系を次に20℃/分で冷却した。2回目のスキャン中にガラス転移を検出し、熱容量の段階的な変化の発生として定義した。
クライオ走査型電子顕微鏡(Cryo-SEM)とX線断層撮影顕微鏡(μCT)を使用して、脂肪ベース食品のマトリックス内の本発明の非晶質多孔性粒子の微細構造を調査する。
真球度はCamsizer XTにより測定した。Camsizer XTは、粉末、エマルジョン及び懸濁物の大きさ及び形状のパラメータの測定を可能にする光学/電子装置である。デジタル画像解析技術は、277枚/秒のフレームレートで、2台の異なるカメラで同時に撮影した多数のサンプル画像を、コンピュータープロセシングすることによるものである。測定中、サンプルは、2パルスのLED光源により照らされる。粒子径及び粒子形状(真球度を含む)は、それぞれの各分布曲線をリアルタイムで計算する、ユーザーにとって使いやすいソフトウェアにより分析される。粒子の突出部の周囲長と、被覆面積とを測定して、真球度を得た。
2つのモデルスプレッドレシピを製造した。重量基準での全体的組成は同じであったが、1つのスプレッドでは、結晶性スクロースと脱脂粉乳の一部を、実施例1のスクロース/脱脂粉乳多孔性非晶質粒子で置き換えた。
非晶質粒子の非晶質マトリックスの組成変化による影響を、異なる乳粉末(SMP)及びスクロース比について調べた。非晶質マトリックスは、結晶化に対して安定であるべきである。例えば、菓子フィリング製造の場合、マトリックスは、混合及び微細化中に経験される温度及び湿度条件下で非晶質のままであるべきである。加工条件又は保管条件が、非晶質材料がガラス転移する条件に達する場合、その後、粒子の崩壊をもたらす結晶化が生じる可能性があり、例えば、脱脂粉乳及びスクロースの非晶質多孔性粒子中に存在するラクトースが結晶化し得る。
気孔率及び組成の変更が、溶解速度及び甘味効果に与える影響を調査した。50重量%の水と、50重量%のスクロース+SMP(脱脂粉乳粉末)とを適切な比で含むインレット溶液(inlet solution)を用いて、実施例1と同様に非晶質多孔性粒子を調製した。カゼイン酸ナトリウムは、もともとSMP中に存在していることから添加しなかった。Camsizer XT(Retsch Technology GmbH,Germany)を使用して粒径分布を測定した。
非晶質粒子の多孔性構造を、Swiss Light Source(SLS)(Paul Scherrer Institut,Switzerland)のTOMCAT beamlineで、シンクロトロン放射X線トモグラフィ顕微鏡法(SRXTM)を使用して調査した。取得は、視野の中央に位置させた回転軸を用いる標準アプローチに従った。15keVでの曝露時間は300msであり、180°にわたり等角度で分割して(equi-angulary distributed)1,501枚の画像を取得した。
非乳タンパク質を用いた非晶質多孔性粒子の調製
異なる資源(植物、炭水化物、穀類)に由来する3種類の非乳タンパク質を、非晶質多孔性粉末の構成成分として試験した。
植物性ミルクを用いた非晶質多孔性粒子の調製
固体ベースで5%の植物性ミルクと、35%のマルトデキストリンと、60%のスクロースとが存在するよう、植物性ミルクをマルトデキストリン(DE12-20)及びスクロースと組み合わせた。混合物を、水を用いて全固形分50%で調製し、実施例1と同様にガス注入器で噴霧乾燥した。全てのバリエーションについて、10~12L/hのスループットで問題なく製造される。
溶解の速度論
5種類の非晶質多孔性粉末の溶解速度を測定し、同じ方法であるが固体ベースで60%のスクロースと40%の脱脂乳(牛)とを用いて製造した多孔性非晶質粉末(B)と比較した。評価したサンプルは、ラクトースとエンドウ豆(K)、Nutriose(登録商標)と小麦グルテン(L)、マルトデキストリンとアーモンドミルク(Q)、マルトデキストリンとココナッツミルク(O)、及びマルトデキストリンと豆乳(S)であった。結果を図8にプロットする。スクロースと、アーモンドミルクとマルトデキストリンとを含む粉末の溶解は、スクロースと脱脂乳の溶解よりもはるかに速い。いずれの粉末も同様の粒径を有する。甘味付与材料が速く溶解するほど、甘味の知覚が増加し、これらは相関することが示されている。
湿潤性測定
スクロース、マルトデキストリン及び植物性ミルクを用いて調製した多孔性非晶質粉末(サンプルN、O、P、Q、R、S)の湿潤特性を評価するために、接触角の測定を実施し、スクロースと脱脂粉乳から調製した多孔性非晶質粉末(B)と比較した。全ての植物性ミルクのサンプルは、完全湿潤性(接触角0°)であることが確認されたのに対し、脱脂粉乳(SMP)を用いた多孔性非晶質粉末は、良好な湿潤性を示すが、完全湿潤性ではなく、接触角は10°である。これは、植物性ミルクのサンプルがSMPサンプルよりも優れた湿潤特性を有することを示すが、粉末床における湿潤性は、粉末の粒径及び粗さによって異なることに注意する必要がある。また、タンパク質の量は、バリエーション間で等しくない。
非晶質含気糖粒子を含む脂肪ベースの組成物の含気
Claims (13)
- 20℃で柔らかい食感を有する食品組成物であって、
前記食品組成物は、連続脂肪相中における多孔性粒子の分散を含み、
前記粒子は、甘味料と、増量剤と、所望により界面活性剤とを含む非晶質連続相を含み、
前記食品組成物の前記食感は、20℃で1500g未満の最大貫入力を示し、
前記連続脂肪相が、シアバター、コクムバター、サルバター、ココアバター、パーム油、藻類油、及びこれらの組み合わせのステアリン画分又は中鎖画分からなる群から選択される高融点脂肪2~30重量%と、
高オレイン酸ヒマワリ油、高オレイン酸ベニバナ油、高オレイン酸大豆油、高オレイン酸菜種油、高オレイン酸藻類油、オリーブ油、マカダミアナッツ油、ヘーゼルナッツ油、アボカド油、ヒマワリ油、菜種油、大豆油、ブドウ種子油、綿実油、コーン油、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される低融点脂肪70~98重量%と、を含む、食品組成物。 - 前記粒子が、10~80%の閉鎖気孔率を有する、請求項1に記載の食品組成物。
- 前記粒子が、微細化されている、請求項1又は2に記載の食品組成物。
- 前記高オレイン酸菜種油が、高オレイン酸キャノーラ油である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の食品組成物。
- 前記連続脂肪相が、含気されている、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の食品組成物。
- 前記連続脂肪相が、35℃~80℃の融点を有する高融点脂肪と、15℃~30℃の融点を有する中融点脂肪と、-50℃~5℃の融点を有する低融点脂肪とを含む、請求項5に記載の食品組成物。
- 前記粒子の前記非晶質連続相が、スクロースと脱脂乳とを含む、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の食品組成物。
- 前記粒子の前記非晶質連続相が、部分的に凝集したタンパク質を含む、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の食品組成物。
- ヘーゼルナッツ及び/又はココアを更に含む、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の食品組成物。
- 前記食品組成物が、菓子フィリング又はスプレッドである、請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の食品組成物。
- 20℃で柔らかい食感を有する請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の食品組成物の製造方法であって、前記食品組成物の前記食感は、20℃で1500g未満の最大貫入力を示すものであり、前記方法は、
a)甘味料と、増量剤と、所望により界面活性剤とを含む混合物を、高圧にさらす工程と、
b)前記混合物にガスを添加する工程と、
c)前記混合物を乾燥させて、連続非晶質相を含む多孔性粒子を形成する工程と、
d)前記多孔性粒子を脂肪と混合する工程と、
を含む、方法。 - 工程dで作製された混合物が、微細化される、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 工程dにおいて、前記粒子が、粉乳、結晶性スクロース、ヘーゼルナッツ、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される成分と更に混合される、請求項11又は12に記載の方法。
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JP2008505624A (ja) | 2004-07-09 | 2008-02-28 | ネステク ソシエテ アノニム | 焼成粉末菓子 |
US20100136182A1 (en) | 2005-08-10 | 2010-06-03 | Compagnie Gervais Danone | Fat filling or chocolate substitute for cereal-based bakery products |
JP2013539656A (ja) | 2010-10-11 | 2013-10-28 | フリースランド・ブランズ・ビー・ブイ | 甘味粒子状脂肪含有粉末、その調製およびその使用 |
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