JP7264322B1 - 方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法 - Google Patents
方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910001224 Grain-oriented electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 150
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 150
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 142
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 114
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000010960 cold rolled steel Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 40
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 34
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 28
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 28
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 13
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 5
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010731 rolling oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052839 forsterite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000565 Non-oriented electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009503 electrostatic coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
以下のプロセスにより、方向性電磁鋼板を製造した。
質量%で、C:0.073%、Si:2.89%、Mn:0.09%、およびSe:0.022%を含む方向性電磁鋼板用鋼スラブを加熱した。前記加熱においては、まず、1250℃まで加熱し(第1加熱工程)、その後、1415℃まで加熱した(第2加熱工程)。この際、前記第1加熱工程終了から第2加熱工程開始までの時間は120秒、第1加熱工程の炉内酸素濃度は0.2%とし、前記第2加熱工程の炉内酸素濃度を種々変更した。
質量%で、C:0.073%、Si:2.89%、Mn:0.09%、Al:0.019%、N:0.006%、およびSe:0.018%を含む方向性電磁鋼板用鋼スラブを加熱した。前記加熱においては、まず、1150℃まで加熱し(第1加熱工程)、その後、1420℃まで加熱した(第2加熱工程)。この際、第1加熱工程終了から第2加熱工程開始までの時間は300秒とした。
加熱された前記方向性電磁鋼板用鋼スラブを熱間圧延して熱延鋼板とし、
前記熱延鋼板に対して、1回または中間焼鈍を挟む2回以上の冷間圧延を施して冷延鋼板とし、
前記冷延鋼板に脱炭焼鈍を施し、
前記脱炭焼鈍後の前記冷延鋼板の表面に焼鈍分離剤を塗布し、
前記焼鈍分離剤が塗布された前記冷延鋼板に仕上焼鈍を施すことを含む、方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法であって、
前記方向性電磁鋼板用鋼スラブの加熱は、
前記方向性電磁鋼板用鋼スラブを1300℃未満の温度まで加熱する第1加熱工程と、
1300℃以上の温度まで加熱する第2加熱工程とを含み、
前記第1加熱工程終了から前記第2加熱工程開始までの時間を20秒以上とし、
前記第2加熱工程における雰囲気中の酸素濃度を1.0体積%以下とし、
前記第2加熱工程の後、前記熱間圧延の前に、前記方向性電磁鋼板用鋼スラブの表面を、冷却速度:3.0℃/s以上で水冷することを特徴とする、方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
本発明においては、出発材料として方向性電磁鋼板用鋼スラブ(以下、単に鋼スラブという場合がある)を使用する。前記鋼スラブとしては、とくに限定されることなく任意の成分組成を有する鋼スラブを使用することができる。
C含有量が0.10%より高いと、脱炭焼鈍を施しても、鋼中C量を磁気時効の起こらない0.0035%以下まで低減することが困難となる。そのため、C含有量は0.10%以下とすることが好ましく、0.06%以下とすることがより好ましい。一方、C含有量が0.01%に満たないと、Cによる粒界強化効果が失われ、鋼スラブにクラックが生じるなどの欠陥が生じ、操業に支障がでる可能性がある。そのため、C含有量は0.01%以上とすることが好ましく、0.03%以上とすることがより好ましい。
Siは鋼の比抵抗を高め、鉄損を改善させるために有効な元素である。Si含有量が2.0%未満であるとその効果が乏しい。そのため、Si含有量は2.0%以上とすることが好ましく、3.0%以上とすることがより好ましい。一方、Si含有量が5.0%を超えると鋼の加工性が劣化し、圧延が困難となる。そのため、Si含有量は5.0%以下とすることが好ましく、3.6%以下とすることがより好ましい。
Mnは熱間加工性を良好にするために有効な元素である。Mn含有量が0.01%未満であるとその効果が乏しい。そのため、Mn含有量は0.01%以上とすることが好ましく、0.03%以上とすることがより好ましい。一方、Mn含有量が0.50%を超えると方向性電磁鋼板の磁束密度が低下する。そのため、Mn含有量は0.50%以下とすることが好ましく、0.15%以下とすることがより好ましい。
Al:0.010%以下
N:0.0060%以下
SおよびSe:合計0.010%以下
Al:0%以上0.008%以下
N:0%以上0.0050%以下
SおよびSe:合計0%以上0.005%未満
C :0.01~0.10%、
Si:2.0~5.0%、
Mn:0.01~0.50%、
Al:0~0.04%、
N :0~0.010%、および
SおよびSe:合計0~0.10%を含み、
残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物である成分組成を有する鋼スラブを用いることができる。
Ni:0~1.50%、
Cr:0~0.50%、
Cu:0~0.50%、
P :0~0.50%、
Sb:0~0.50%、
Sn:0~0.50%、
Bi:0~0.50%、
Mo:0~0.50%、
B :0~25ppm、
Nb:0~0.020%、
V :0~0.010%、
Zr:0~0.10%、
Co:0~0.050%、
Pb:0~0.0100%、
As:0~0.0200%、
Zn:0~0.020%、
W :0~0.0100%、
Ge:0~0.0050%、および
Ga:0~0.0050%からなる群より選択される1または2以上を含有することもできる。これらの元素を添加することにより、磁気特性をさらに向上させることができる。しかし、含有量が上限値を超えると二次再結晶粒の発達が抑制されるため、かえって磁気特性が劣化する。
Ni:0.01%、
Cr:0.01%、
Cu:0.01%、
P :0.005%、
Sb:0.005%、
Sn:0.005%、
Bi:0.005%、
Mo:0.005%、
B :2ppm、
Nb:0.001%、
V :0.001%、
Zr:0.001%、
Co:0.002%、
Pb:0.0001%、
As:0.0010%、
Zn:0.001%、
W :0.0010%、
Ge:0.0001%、および
Ga:0.0001%。
まず、上記方向性電磁鋼板用鋼スラブを加熱する。本発明では、前記方向性電磁鋼板用鋼スラブの加熱が、前記方向性電磁鋼板用鋼スラブを1300℃未満の温度まで加熱する第1加熱工程と、1300℃以上の温度まで加熱する第2加熱工程とを含み、前記第1加熱工程終了から第2加熱工程開始までの時間を20秒以上とすることが重要である。前記第1加熱工程終了から第2加熱工程開始までの時間が20秒未満であると、表面欠陥の数を十分に低減することができない。
次に、前記鋼スラブを熱間圧延して熱延鋼板とする。熱間圧延の条件はとくに限定されず、任意の条件で行うことができる。熱延鋼板の組織を制御するという観点からは、前記熱間圧延において、1100℃以上1300℃以下で1パス以上の粗圧延を施し、次いで、800℃以上1100℃以下で2パス以上の仕上圧延を施すことが好ましい。
次いで、前記熱延鋼板に対して、1回または中間焼鈍を挟む2回以上の冷間圧延を施して冷延鋼板とする。前記冷間圧延の条件はとくに限定されず、任意の条件で行うことができる。
次いで、前記冷延鋼板に脱炭焼鈍を施す。前記脱炭焼鈍の条件はとくに限定されず、任意の条件で行うことができる。前記脱炭焼鈍においては、750℃以上950℃以下の温度域で10秒以上保持することが好ましく、800℃以上900℃以下の温度域で10秒以上保持することがより好ましい。前記脱炭焼鈍は、H2とN2とを含む、湿潤雰囲気中で行うことが好ましい。前記湿潤雰囲気の露点は、脱炭焼鈍の一部もしくはすべての範囲において、20℃以上80℃以下とすることが好ましく、40℃以上70℃以下とすることがより好ましい。
その後、前記脱炭焼鈍後の冷延鋼板の表面に焼鈍分離剤を塗布する。前記焼鈍分離剤としては、特に限定されることなく任意の焼鈍分離剤を用いることができる。前記焼鈍分離剤は、例えば、MgOを含有する焼鈍分離剤であることが好ましく、MgOを主成分として含有する焼鈍分離剤であることがより好ましい。前記焼鈍分離剤におけるMgOの含有量は、60質量%以上であることが好ましい。
その後、前記焼鈍分離剤が塗布された冷延鋼板に仕上焼鈍を施すことにより、二次再結晶粒を発達させるとともにフォルステライト被膜を形成する。前記仕上焼鈍は、とくに限定されることなく任意の条件で行うことができる。
質量%で、C:0.055%、Si:3.08%、Mn:0.05%、およびSe:0.025%を含む方向性電磁鋼板用鋼スラブを加熱した。前記加熱においては、まず、1270℃まで加熱し(第1加熱工程)、その後、1430℃まで加熱した(第2加熱工程)。この際、第1加熱工程終了から第2加熱工程開始までの時間を、表1に示したように種々変更した。また、前記第1加熱工程における雰囲気中の酸素濃度は0.04%とし、第2の加熱工程における雰囲気中の酸素濃度は、表1に示したように種々変更した。
質量%で、C:0.027%、Si:3.25%、Mn:0.10%、Se:0.009%、S:0.005%、Al:0.025%、およびN:0.009%を含む方向性電磁鋼板用鋼スラブを加熱した。前記加熱においては、まず、1200℃まで加熱し(第1加熱工程)、その後、1400℃まで加熱した(第2加熱工程)。この際、第1加熱工程終了から第2加熱工程開始までの時間を、表2に示したように種々変更した。また、前記第1加熱工程における雰囲気中の酸素濃度は0.04%、第2の加熱工程における雰囲気中の酸素濃度は0.03%とした。
Claims (2)
- 方向性電磁鋼板用鋼スラブを加熱し、
加熱された前記方向性電磁鋼板用鋼スラブを熱間圧延して熱延鋼板とし、
前記熱延鋼板に対して、1回または中間焼鈍を挟む2回以上の冷間圧延を施して冷延鋼板とし、
前記冷延鋼板に脱炭焼鈍を施し、
前記脱炭焼鈍後の前記冷延鋼板の表面に焼鈍分離剤を塗布し、
前記焼鈍分離剤が塗布された前記冷延鋼板に仕上焼鈍を施すことを含む、方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法であって、
前記方向性電磁鋼板用鋼スラブの加熱は、
前記方向性電磁鋼板用鋼スラブを1300℃未満の温度まで加熱する第1加熱工程と、
1300℃以上の温度まで加熱する第2加熱工程とを含み、
前記第1加熱工程における雰囲気中の酸素濃度を0.2体積%以下とし、
前記第1加熱工程終了から前記第2加熱工程開始までの時間を20秒以上とし、
前記第2加熱工程における雰囲気中の酸素濃度を1.0体積%以下とし、
前記第2加熱工程の後、前記熱間圧延の前に、前記方向性電磁鋼板用鋼スラブの表面を、冷却速度:3.0℃/s以上で水冷することを特徴とする、方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。 - 前記第1加熱工程における前記方向性電磁鋼板用鋼スラブの下面が、前記第2加熱工程では下面とならないように前記方向性電磁鋼板用鋼スラブを配置する、請求項1に記載の方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
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JPS60145318A (ja) * | 1984-01-09 | 1985-07-31 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | 方向性けい素鋼スラブの加熱方法 |
JPH0551639A (ja) * | 1991-08-19 | 1993-03-02 | Nippon Steel Corp | 方向性電磁鋼スラブの加熱方法 |
JPH06207221A (ja) * | 1993-01-07 | 1994-07-26 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | 表面性状の優れた方向性けい素鋼板の製造方法 |
JPH0748624A (ja) * | 1993-08-05 | 1995-02-21 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | 方向性けい素鋼板の製造方法 |
WO2020149340A1 (ja) * | 2019-01-16 | 2020-07-23 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | 方向性電磁鋼板およびその製造方法 |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPS60145318A (ja) * | 1984-01-09 | 1985-07-31 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | 方向性けい素鋼スラブの加熱方法 |
JPH0551639A (ja) * | 1991-08-19 | 1993-03-02 | Nippon Steel Corp | 方向性電磁鋼スラブの加熱方法 |
JPH06207221A (ja) * | 1993-01-07 | 1994-07-26 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | 表面性状の優れた方向性けい素鋼板の製造方法 |
JPH0748624A (ja) * | 1993-08-05 | 1995-02-21 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | 方向性けい素鋼板の製造方法 |
WO2020149340A1 (ja) * | 2019-01-16 | 2020-07-23 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | 方向性電磁鋼板およびその製造方法 |
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