JP7231558B2 - 高誘電率及び低誘電散逸のポリマー複合体 - Google Patents
高誘電率及び低誘電散逸のポリマー複合体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7231558B2 JP7231558B2 JP2019557588A JP2019557588A JP7231558B2 JP 7231558 B2 JP7231558 B2 JP 7231558B2 JP 2019557588 A JP2019557588 A JP 2019557588A JP 2019557588 A JP2019557588 A JP 2019557588A JP 7231558 B2 JP7231558 B2 JP 7231558B2
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Classifications
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
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Description
a)炭素、導電性酸化物又は金属を含み、1~20,000nmの平均直径及び平均直径の少なくとも5倍の平均長さを有する、導電性繊維と、
b)1~20,000nmの平均直径を有する非導電性粒子と、を含む組成物を提供する。
c)物理的吸着又は化学酸化によって繊維状材料上に表面電荷を生成することと、
d)表面上に反対電荷を有する粒子状材料を添加して混合物を形成することと、
e)混合物をポリマーと組み合わせることと、を含む方法を提供する。
(R1R2 2SiO1/2)w(R2 2SiO2/2)x(R2SiO3/2)y(SiO4/2)z (I)
(式中、各R1は独立して選択されるヒドロカルビル基であり、置換でも非置換であってもよく、かつヒドロカルビル基内にヘテロ原子(例えばO、N、S)を含んでいてもよく、各R2は独立して、R1及びアルケニル基から選択されるが、ただし、R2のうちの少なくとも2つはアルケニル基であり、w、x、y、及びzは、w+x+y+z=1となるモル分率である)を有する。直鎖オルガノポリシロキサンでは、下付き文字y及びzは一般に0であるのに対し、樹脂では、下付き文字y及び/又はzは>0である。好ましくは、下付き文字wは、0~0.9、好ましくは0~0.6、好ましくは0~0.3、好ましくは0~0.1、好ましくは0.00001~0.001の値を有する。好ましくは、下付き文字xは、0~0.99999、好ましくは0~0.9999、好ましくは0~0.999、好ましくは0~0.99、好ましくは0.9~0.99999、好ましくは0.9~0.9999、好ましくは0.9~0.999の値を有する。下付き文字yは、好ましくは0~0.99、好ましくは0~0.45、好ましくは0~0.25、好ましくは0.25~0.8、好ましくは0.5~0.8の値を有する。下付き文字zは、好ましくは0~0.99、好ましくは0~0.85、好ましくは0.85~0.95、好ましくは0.6~0.85、好ましくは0.4~0.65、好ましくは0.2~0.5、好ましくは0.1~0.45、好ましくは0~0.5、好ましくは0~0.25、好ましくは0~0.15の値を有する。好ましくは、R1がハロゲン置換されているとき、R1は、3,3,3-トリフルオロプロピル、3-クロロプロピル、クロロフェニル、ジクロロフェニル、2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル、2,2,3,3-テトラフルオロプロピル、又は2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-オクタフルオロペンチルである。好ましくは、R1は、C1~C10ヒドロカルビル基であり、好ましくは、アルキル、アリール、又はアラルキルである。好ましくは、アルケニル基は、R2で表され、R2は、オルガノポリシロキサン(A)内において同一のものでも異なっていてもよく、2~10個の炭素原子、好ましくは2~6個の炭素原子を有していてもよく、好ましくはビニル又はアリル、好ましくはビニルであってもよい。
2.84gのピログラフIII PR-19-XT-PSカーボンナノファイバー(気相成長、平均直径約150nm、表面上にCVD堆積された炭素)を、機械的撹拌器、還流凝縮器、及び温度計を備えた3つ口丸底フラスコに入れた。90gの70重量%HNO3を脱イオン水で250mLの総体積まで希釈して、1MのHNO3溶液を調製し、溶液をフラスコに添加した。撹拌しながら、温度を105.1℃に上昇させ、還流を110時間維持した。次いで、内容物を冷却し、#1濾紙で濾過した。濾紙の上に残ったケークを、DI水で8回洗浄した。75%のケークを、20gのDI水中に分散させて、安定なスラリーを作製した。このスラリー中の固形分は、熱乾燥測定に基づいて~10重量%であると判定された。残りのケークを、換気オーブン内で95℃で20時間乾燥させ、次いで120℃で1時間乾燥させた。
10gの50nmのBaTiO3乾燥粒子を、40mLのガラスバイアル瓶に入れ、20gのDI水を添加し、続いて0.13gの34~37重量%塩酸を添加した。混合物を、室温において磁気撹拌棒で20時間撹拌し、次いでIKA T18 Ultra Turraxローターステーターミキサーによって、20krpmで60秒間混合した。分散液は、更に処理せずに次のステップで使用するができた。
上記の調製したCNFスラリーの半分の量を取り、そこに65gのDI水を添加した。混合物を振盪して安定な分散液を作製した。確実に均質混合するために、その混合物を、IKA T18 Ultra Turraxローターステーターミキサーによって、20krpmで60秒間混合した。ローターステーターミキサーによる撹拌を維持しながら、上記の調製したBaTiO3分散液10gを添加した。混合を更に60秒間継続し、次いで、内容物をガラス容器に入れ、容器を上部が開いた状態で、換気オーブン内に95℃で20時間、次いで120℃で1時間配置することによって水を除去した。4.5gの乾燥材料が得られ、2/4重量部の処理されたBaTiO3中1重量部の処理されたCNFからなると推定された。
8.62gの上記の処理したCNFスラリーを40mLのガラスバイアル瓶に入れ、8gのDI水と混合した。その混合物を、最大出力130W、モデルCV18振動発生器、及び直径3/8”のステンレス鋼チップを有する超音波プロセッサ、モデルGEX130を用いて、90%の振幅で3分間、混合した。次いで、5gのNalco DVSZN002コロイダルシリカを添加し、同じ超音波プロセッサ及び同じプロセスパラメータを使用して混合した。得られた分散液は安定であった。次いで、それをペトリ皿に注ぎ、それを換気オーブン内に配置し、95℃まで3℃/分で、95℃/8時間、100℃まで1℃/分で、100℃/1時間、115℃まで1℃/分で、115℃/2時間、乾燥させた。2.2gの固形材料を得た。CNF対シリカの重量比は1対2.32であると推定された。
IPA中の適切な量の100nmのITO粒子(平均直径、約150nm)分散液を、一口丸底フラスコ内において、シルガード184ベースポリマーと混合した。後者の量は、所望のITO/シリコーン比に達するように計算した。その混合物を、80℃に設定された回転蒸発器上に配置し、減圧を連続的に減少させてIPAを除去した。最終圧力は1mmHgであった。次いで、IPAを含まない混合物を冷却し、シルガード184硬化触媒を、開始シルガード184ベースの重量の1/10の量で添加し、硬化させるために十分に混合した。最終硬化組成物において所望の総ITO含有量に達するように、異なるサンプルに関してITO量を調整した。
5gのシルガード184ベース及び0.5gのシルガード184硬化触媒を、FlackTekミキサー上の10gの容量カップ内で3500rpmで2分間混合した。下にある研磨ステンレス板(6”×6”)上にテフロンシートによって裏打されたアルミニウムプレートから切り取った厚さ0.8mmのスペーサの直径2インチ開口部に、2gの混合物を配置した。更なるテフロンシートを上部に配置し、次いで別の研磨ステンレス板によって被覆する。アセンブリを、130℃の温度及び4000lbの力の下加熱プレス状態に置いた。この状態でアセンブリを30分間保持し、次いで定盤を通って流れる冷水で冷却した。硬化した直径2インチ、厚さ0.8mmのディスクを収集し、誘電試験に使用する。スペーサの厚さを変更して、試験のために異なる厚さのサンプルを得た。
上記と同じ手順に従って、シルガード184ベースと触媒との混合物を含有するITOを使用して、ディスクを作製した。
適切な量の平均直径18nmの乾燥Agナノ粒子を、10g容量のデンタルミキサーカップに入れ、次いで5gのシルガード184ベースを秤量して入れた。直径10 3mmの耐食性ステンレス鋼製軸受ボールを、カップに入れ、混合物をFlackTecミキサーにおいて3500rpmで2分間(1分間混合、5分間待機し、次いで1分間混合して加熱を最小化した)混合した。10分間冷却した後、0.5gのシルガード184硬化剤を秤量して入れ、3500rpmで30秒間混合した。混合物を2g採取して、上記の同じディスク作製手順に従って、誘電体測定のためのディスクを作製した。Agナノ粒子の量は、ディスクにおいて望ましいAg含有量に達するように調整した。
同様の手順を使用して、上記の未処理のピログラフIIICNF含有ディスクを、Agナノ粒子の代わりに未処理ピログラフIIICNFのみを使用して調製した。
同じ手順を使用し、Agナノ粒子又は未処理ピログラフIII CNFの代わりにMWCNT-TiO2のみを使用して、上記のようにMWCNT(多層カーボンナノチューブ、内径5~15nm、外径>50nm、長さ5~20ミクロン)-TiO2含有ディスクを調製した。
同じ手順を使用し、MWCNT-TiO2、Agナノ粒子、又は未処理ピログラフIIICNFの代わりに、上で調製したCNF@BaTiO3のみを使用して、上記のようにCNF@BaTiO3含有ディスクを調製した。
同じ手順を使用し、MWCNT-TiO2、Agナノ粒子、又は未処理ピログラフIIICNFの代わりに、上で調製したCNF@SiO2のみを使用して、上記のようにCNF@SiO2含有ディスクを調製した。
Claims (3)
- a)炭素又は導電性酸化物を含み、1~20,000nmの平均直径及び前記平均直径の少なくとも5倍の平均長さを有する、導電性繊維と、
b)1~20,000nmの平均直径を有する非導電性粒子と、
c)前記導電性繊維及び前記非導電性粒子を取り囲むポリシロキサンポリマーマトリックスと、
を含み、
前記非導電性粒子が、前記導電性繊維上に吸着されている、組成物。 - 前記導電性繊維が、3nm~1,000nmの平均直径及び10~1×108S/mの導電率を有する、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記非導電性粒子が、5nm~1,000nmの平均直径及び0.1S/m以下の導電率を有する、請求項2に記載の組成物。
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US20050059754A1 (en) | 2003-07-31 | 2005-03-17 | Lunt Michael S. | Electrically conductive, flame retardant fillers, method of manufacture, and use thereof |
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