JP7226231B2 - Raising seedling soil - Google Patents

Description

The present invention belongs to the technical field of methods for raising seedlings such as onions.

Onion seeds are sown in each cell of the cell tray that will be a nursery box, the cell tray is placed on the nursery soil such as ridges, and the roots are stretched from the cell tray to the nursery soil while raising the seedlings. There is a technique in which seedlings that are easy to grow are raised at the same time and the roots of the seedlings are hardened by the roots of rice without using chemicals (see Patent Document 1).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2001-258317

By raising seedlings one by one in each cell of the cell tray, the seedlings can grow without competing for nutrients and water. In addition, by extending the roots from the holes at the bottom of the cell tray into the seedling soil, the growing seedlings are less likely to be stressed excessively, and the growth of the seedlings is stabilized.

However, when the seedlings have grown to the proper time for transplanting, they grow long and straight from the roots in the seedling soil. Also, there is a problem that part of the planted seedling comes into contact with the planting device spaced apart from the ground and is pulled out.

This problem can be solved by cutting out the roots before transplanting and adjusting the height of the seedlings to an appropriate height. In a general cell tray suitable for use with a transplanter, about 200 to 300 seedlings can be grown. Therefore, there is a problem that it takes a lot of time and labor to excise the elongated root.

Also, commonly used cell trays have cells spaced apart at regular intervals, but these spaces are extra spaces where seedlings cannot be raised. I have a narrowing problem.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a seedling-raising method that can reduce the time and labor required for removing the roots before transplanting and that maximizes the area for raising seedlings relative to the area occupied by the nursery box.

In order to solve the above problems, the following technical measures were taken.

In the invention according to claim 1, the culture soil (S) for growing seedlings for transplantation is composed of sterilized fine soil (E), a nitrogen component (N), and a phosphoric acid component (P), and the culture soil The content of the nitrogen component (N) of (S) is 500 mg to 1000 mg / L, and 30 to 50% of the nitrogen component (N) is added to the roots of the seedlings after a certain period of time after sowing the seeds (T) (R) is a slow-acting nitrogen component (Ns) that can be absorbed, and a seedling-raising method is characterized in that seeds of crops (T) are sown in the culture soil (S).
In the invention according to claim 2, seeds (T) are sown in the culture soil (S) laid in the nursery box (200), and the nursery box (200) is located below the nursery box (200) and does not touch the ground. 2. The seedling-raising method according to claim 1, wherein the seedlings are held on a cultivation shelf (210) held in a state where there is a space, and the downward extension of the roots (R) is suppressed by contact with air. and

In the invention according to claim 3, seeds (T) are sown in the culture soil (S) laid in the nursery box (200), and the nursery box (200) is placed on the nursery soil in which the roots (R) are extended and grown. When placing, a root cutting member (220) is placed between the seedling box (200) and the seedling soil, and the root cutting member (220) is placed between the seedling box (200) and the seedling soil while entangling the roots (R). ) is removed together with a portion of the root portion (R) that is unnecessary for the transplanting operation .

In the invention according to claim 4, the seeds (T) sown in the culture soil (S) are sown using a sowing device (300), and about 900 to 1700 seeds per nursery box (200). The seedling-raising method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein (T) is used .

In the invention according to claim 5, the seeds (T) sown in the culture soil (S) are sown in rows using a sowing machine (1), and about 900 to 1700 seeds per nursery box (200). The seedling-raising method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein (T) is used .

In the first related invention according to claim 1 , the culture soil (S) for growing seedlings for transplantation is composed of sterilized fine soil (E), a nitrogen component (N), and a phosphoric acid component (P). The phosphoric acid component (P) of the culture soil (S) is 50 to 75% orthophosphoric acid (Pc) and 25 to 50% phosphorous acid (Ps), and the culture soil (S) The seedling-raising method is characterized by sowing seeds (T) of crops .

Further, a second related invention related to the first related invention is characterized in that the seeds (T) to be sown in the culture soil (S) are sown in rows using a sowing machine (1), and each seedling box (200) , about 900 to 1700 seeds (T) are used .

According to the invention of claim 1, 30 to 50% of the nitrogen component (N) is the slow-acting nitrogen component (Ns), so that the germinated seeds (T) have an excess of the nitrogen component (N) in the soil (S). It is possible to prevent poor growth due to lack of nitrogen component (N) during seedling raising.

In addition, since the work of adding the nitrogen component (N) after seeding work becomes unnecessary, or even if it is necessary, the number of times of work can be reduced, so that labor can be reduced.

According to the invention of claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1 , the nursery box (200) is held on the cultivation shelf (210), and the seedlings are raised in a state where the roots (R) do not contact the ground, Below the bottom of the nursery box (200), i.e., where there is no culture soil (S), the roots (R) cannot grow.

As a result, there is no need to cut off the unnecessary elongated portion of the root (R) before the transplanting work, which improves work efficiency and planting accuracy and reduces labor.

According to the invention of claim 3, in addition to the effects of the invention of claim 1 , since the roots (R) can be grown downward in the seedling soil, unnecessary stress is less likely to occur in the seedlings during raising. Stable growth of seedlings .
In addition, when the seedling box (200) is installed in the seedling soil, a root cutting member (220) is placed between the seedling box (200) and the seedling soil so that the growing roots (R) pass through and become entangled. It is possible to simultaneously remove the elongated portion of the root (R) that is entangled when removing the root cutting member (220) before transplanting.
As a result, the elongated portions of the roots (R) of a plurality of seedlings can be excised at once, thereby improving work efficiency and reducing labor.

According to the invention of claim 4, in addition to the effects of the invention of any one of claims 1 to 3 , by scattering about 900 to 1700 seeds (T) in the nursery box (200), cell trays etc. Since a larger number of seedlings can be raised than when the number of seedlings that can be cultivated is fixed, the area of the space required for raising seedlings can be reduced.

In addition, since seeds can be sown manually using the sowing device (300), there is no need to use large-scale sowing equipment, and the costs required for the work can be reduced.

According to the invention of claim 5, in addition to the effects of the invention of any one of claims 1 to 3, seeds (T ) makes it possible to ensure a uniform growing space for the seedlings, thereby stabilizing the growth of the seedlings and preventing the seedlings from withering during the raising of the seedlings.

In addition, if the nursery box (200), the culture soil (S) and the seeds (T) are set in the sowing machine (1), the seeding and soil covering work can be automatically performed, thereby reducing labor. .

Further, according to the effect of the first related invention related to claim 1, the phosphoric acid component (P) is changed to 50 to 75% orthophosphoric acid (Pc) and 25 to 50% phosphorous acid (Ps) By adding the above, the amount of phosphoric acid component (P) used can be reduced compared to when only orthophosphoric acid (Pc) is used, so the cost of raising seedlings can be reduced.
In addition, when the culture soil (S) contains the same amount or more of orthophosphoric acid (Pc), phosphorous acid (Ps) has the effect of promoting the growth of seedlings and increasing resistance to disease. Therefore, the growth of seedlings is improved, and the number of seedlings that die due to disease during seedling-raising is reduced.

According to the second related invention, in addition to the effect of the first related invention, the amount of phosphoric acid component (P) used is suppressed compared to the conventional method, so that the surroundings of the roots (R) are reduced when the seedlings are transplanted. Since almost no phosphoric acid component (P) remains in the covering soil (S), the phosphoric acid component (P) brought into the field is prevented from contaminating the soil and water outside the field.

(delete)

(delete)

(delete)

Side view showing a seeding machine Plan view showing a seeding machine A plan view showing the main part of the seedling box supply device Side view showing essential parts of the seedling box supply device Perspective view showing lower support plate, upper support plate and drop plate Principal part side view which shows the seed|inoculation delivery roller provided with the hole punching protrusion part of a seeding apparatus Side view of a main part showing a seed feeding roller provided with a perforating protrusion of a seeding device of another configuration example A side view showing a layout of a sowing machine of another configuration example A plan view showing a layout of a sowing machine of another configuration example A side view showing a layout of a sowing machine of another configuration example A plan view showing a layout of a sowing machine of another configuration example (a) A plan view showing a state in which onion seeds are scattered in a nursery box, (b) A plan view showing a state in which onion seeds have germinated and grown (a) A diagram showing a cultivation bench on which a nursery box is placed immediately after seeding, (b) A plan view showing a state where onion seeds have germinated and grown, and the roots have not extended below the cultivation bench. Plan view showing a nursery box used for raising onion seedlings (a) A diagram showing a state where a nursery box immediately after seeding is placed on a ridge via a root cutting sheet, (b) Onion seeds germinate and grow, penetrate the root cutting sheet and enter the ridge. A diagram showing the state in which is stretched (a) Schematic diagram of naked seed, (b) Schematic diagram of coated seed (a) A plan view showing the state of seeding in a nursery box when the left-right spacing between bare seeds is 15 mm and the number of rows is 10, (b) The left-right spacing between bare seeds is 15 mm, and the number of rows is 12. A plan view showing the state of seeding in a nursery box when it is made into a row (a) A plan view showing the state of seeding in a nursery box when the left-right spacing between bare seeds is 20 mm and the number of rows is 10, (b) The left-right spacing between bare seeds is 20 mm, and the number of rows is 12. A plan view showing the state of seeding in a nursery box when it is made into a row (a) A plan view showing the state of seeding in a nursery box when the left-right spacing between coated seeds is 8 mm and the number of rows is 18, (b) The left-right spacing between coated seeds is 8 mm and the number of rows is 24. A plan view showing the state of seeding in a nursery box when it is made into a row A plan view showing the state of sowing seeds in a nursery box when the lateral distance between coated seeds is 12 mm and the number of rows is 18. Pie chart showing the component ratio of the soil for raising onions Pie chart showing the component ratio of the soil for raising onion seedlings in another example (a) Main part side view showing a state in which seeds are stored on a slide plate of a hand seeder for sowing naked seeds, (b) Main part side view showing a state in which seeds are sown from a hand seeder to a nursery box Exploded view showing slide plate and fixing plate of hand seeder Side view of essential parts showing a state in which seeds are stored on a slide plate of a hand seeder for sowing coated seeds

An embodiment of the invention will be described below. It should be noted that the following embodiment is merely an embodiment and does not limit the scope of the claims.

First, referring to FIGS. 1 to 5, a seed sowing machine 1 for filling bed soil, sowing seeds and covering with soil will be described.

The sowing machine 1 is provided with a transport path 3 for transporting the seedling boxes 200 in one direction. A nursery box supply device 4 for feeding the stacked seedling boxes 200 in order from the bottom and supplying them onto a conveying route 3, a bed soil filling device 6 for packing bed soil into the nursery boxes 200, and a nursery box 200 filled with bed soil. A watering device 29 for watering the seedling box 200, a sowing device 7 for seeding the seedling box 200, and a soil covering device 8 for covering the seedling box 200 with soil are provided.

Each of the nursery box supply device 4, the bed soil filling device 6, the sowing device 7 and the soil covering device 8 has a total of four legs 9, front and rear, left and right so that they can be installed independently of other devices. 10 supported.

In addition, wheels 12 are attached to the left and right legs 10 on the front side of the soil covering device 8 so as to protrude downward from the lower ends of the legs 10 via arms 11 that rotate up and down. projecting downward to lift the seeding machine 1 and float the other leg part 9 from the ground, the seeding machine 1 can be easily moved.

The transport path 3 is composed of left and right transport guides 15, and between the left and right transport guides 15, the seedling box 200 is transported with its longitudinal direction facing forward and backward. Conveyors to be driven on the conveying path 3 include a seedling box supply section conveyer 16 and a bed soil filling section conveyer 17, which are belt-type seedling box conveyers, and a sowing section conveyer, which is a roller-type seedling box conveyer. 18 and a soil cover conveying conveyor 28 .

As a non-driven, free-rotating roller-type conveyor, a pre-floor-soil-filling conveyor 62 is provided between the nursery-box-supplying section conveying conveyor 16 and the floor-soil-filling section conveying conveyor 17. An irrigation section conveyor 63 is provided between the seeding section conveyer 18, a soil pre-covering conveyor 64 is provided between the seeding section conveyer 18 and the soil covering section conveying conveyor 28, and a nursery box delivery conveyor 88 is provided behind the soil covering section conveyer 28. is provided.

The seedling box supply device 4 includes a lower receiving plate 34 that receives a group of seedling boxes stacked in multiple layers from below, and an upper receiving plate 34 that receives the second seedling box 200 from the bottom of the group of seedling boxes. Equipped with a plate 35 and a drop plate 36 for forcibly dropping the seedling box 200 at the bottom of the group of seedling boxes, the group of seedling boxes supplied onto the upper receiving plate 35 by hand or the like is first placed on the lower receiving plate 34. Taking over, the support of the lowermost seedling box 200 of the seedling box group by the lower receiving plate 34 is released in a state where the upper seedling box 200 from the bottom of the seedling box group is supported by the upper receiving plate 35. In this state, the drop plate 36 pushes the lowermost seedling box 200 downward from the upper side to separate it from the group of seedling boxes, drop it, let it out, and feed it onto the seedling box feeding section conveyer 16, and this operation process will be carried out below. By repeating this process, the seedling boxes 200 on the lower side of the seedling box group are sequentially supplied onto the seedling box feeding section conveyer 16 .

The lower support plate 34, the upper support plate 35 and the drop plate 36 are provided at four locations on the front, back, left and right of the seedling box group so that the parts acting on the seedling box group do not overlap in the front-rear direction. and is interlocked with the operation of the seedling box supply section conveyer 16, and a gap is formed between the previously supplied seedling box 200 and the next supplied seedling box 200 on the seedling box supply section conveyer 16. It works so that it doesn't happen.

To explain the transmission structure, the power is transmitted from the output sprocket 95 provided in the seedling box supply motor 94 to the transport transmission chain 96 and the drive sprocket 38, and through the roller 37 on the upper transport side that rotates integrally with the drive sprocket 38. It drives the supply section transport conveyor 16 .

Then, from the drive sprocket 38 to the first counter shaft 41 via the chain 39 and the driven sprocket 40, the drive sprocket 42 rotating integrally with the first counter shaft 41, the chain 43, the driven sprocket 44 and the one-way clutch and drive bevel gears 46 provided on the left and right ends of the second counter shaft 45 through driven bevel gears 47 to drive the left and right dropping shafts 48 in opposite directions to each other. rotate. The drop shaft 48 and the drop plate 36 rotate integrally, and the drop plate 36 rotates in the direction in which the drop plate 36 shifts downward on the left and right inner sides.

Further, each receiving plate shaft 52 located above the dropping shaft 48 is swung within a predetermined angle range from the other end of the dropping shaft 48 via the arms 49, 51, the link 50, and the like. The lower receiving plate 34 and the upper receiving plate 35 that rotate integrally with the plate shaft 52 are swung to cause the lower receiving plate 34 and the upper receiving plate 35 to act alternately on the group of seedling boxes, thereby sequentially lowering the group of seedling boxes. .

In addition, a manual supply lever 53 is provided as a manual supply operation tool for manually rotating the second counter shaft 45. With the manual supply lever 53, the operator can arbitrarily place the nursery box supply section on the conveyer 16. The nursery box 200 can be dropped and supplied.

The bed soil packing device 6 includes a bed soil tank 54 for storing bed soil S, and a bed soil delivery device for feeding a predetermined amount of bed soil in the bed soil tank 54 and dropping the bed soil into the nursery box 200 for supply. a bed soil delivery belt 55, a leveling brush 19 as a leveling tool for leveling the bed soil overflowing on the seedling box 200, and a bed soil compacting tool for pressing into the seedling box 200 and pressing down the bed soil. Equipped with a bed soil compacting roller 57 and a bed soil amount adjusting lever that serves as a bed soil amount adjuster that adjusts the gap on the bed soil delivery belt 55 to change and adjust the delivery amount of the bed soil. The leveling brush 19 is positioned on the downstream side of the floor soil filling position on the transport path 3 for supplying the soil, and the floor soil crushing roller 57 is positioned on the downstream side of the leveling brush 19 .

The transmission structure of the bed soil packing device 6 is as follows. The bed soil delivery motor 20 drives the bed soil delivery belt 55, and the bed soil delivery belt 55 drives the leveling brush 19 via a gear transmission mechanism. In addition, the power is transmitted from the output sprocket 97 provided in the floor-filling conveying motor 21 to the driving sprocket 60 via the conveying transmission chain 59, and the roller 61 on the downstream side of the conveying unit, which rotates integrally with the driving sprocket 60, conveys the floor-filling portion conveying conveyor. drive 17; The leveling brush 19 and the bed soil delivery belt 55 are configured to rotate in opposite directions.

It should be noted that a configuration may be adopted in which driving of one of the bed soil feeding motor 20 and the bed soil packing conveying motor 21 is driven to transmit the bed soil feeding belt 55 , the leveling brush 19 and the floor packing section conveying conveyor 17 .

As shown in FIG. 6, the sowing device 7 is provided with an adjustment plate 68b at the bottom of the seed tank 68, and feeds out a predetermined amount of seeds to the flow-down port, and feeds the seeds into the concave groove of the sowing-out roller 69 that rotates counterclockwise. The first brush 68d is used to drop excess seeds attached to the surface of the seed feeding roller 69. FIG. On the outer peripheral edge of the seeding feeding roller 69, perforating projections 69a for contacting the bed soil of the seedling tray 2 and allowing the seeds to enter are formed at predetermined intervals in the left-right direction and at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction. It is formed. The predetermined interval in the horizontal direction and the predetermined interval in the circumferential direction correspond to the predetermined interval in the horizontal direction and the predetermined interval in the circumferential direction of the plurality of raising seedling cells 121 constituting the seedling tray 2 .

A rotating brush 68e is elastically pressed against the upper portion of the sowing feeding roller 69 by a spring to remove the seeds overflowing from the recessed groove of the sowing feeding roller 69 and collect them in the seed storage tank 68f. The seedlings are sown in the bed soil of the seedling tray 2 being transported from the concave groove rotated downward.

In addition, a stationary drop brush 70 is provided between the sowing position of the sowing feeding roller 69 and the seed taking-in position to scrape off unsowed seeds onto the bed soil of the seedling tray 2, thereby improving sowing accuracy and moistening the soil. To improve seed sowing accuracy.

Further, as shown in FIG. 7, a rotating second drop brush 68g is provided between the sowing position of the seed delivery roller 69 and the seed take-in position, and the outer peripheral portion of the second drop brush 68g is attached to the outer peripheral portion of the seed delivery roller 69. It may be configured such that the remaining seed is dropped while the second drop brush 68g is rotated by the seed delivery roller 69 by contacting the second drop brush 68g.

The sowing device 7 also includes a seed supply adjusting handle 72 that serves as a seed supply adjusting tool that adjusts the gap at the outlet of the seed tank 68 facing the seeding delivery roller 69 to change and adjust the state of seed supply to the seeding delivery roller 69 . Prepare.

Therefore, seeds are supplied from the outlet of the seed tank 68, which is adjusted by the seed supply adjusting handle 72, to the delivery groove of the seed delivery roller 69, and the rotation of the seed delivery roller 69 causes the delivery groove to move upward. A predetermined amount of seeds are transferred by the grooves, and seeds unsuitable for sowing, such as seeds with awns and stems, and seeds with overgrown sprouts, are removed from the delivery grooves. It is configured to move downward and drop and supply seeds to the seedling box 200 at the bottom dead center position (sowing position H).

In general, the delivery grooves of the seed delivery roller 69 are long grooves in the left-right direction (rotational axis direction of the seed delivery roller 69) and are arranged in plurality on the outer periphery of the seed delivery roller 69. When seeding the seedlings in the seedling box 200 so that the longitudinal direction (major axis) of the seedlings faces the longitudinal direction of the seedling box 200, the feeding grooves of the seeding feeding rollers 69 are moved forward and backward (seeded feeding rollers 69 If a plurality of long grooves are arranged on the left and right in the rotation outer peripheral direction), the longitudinal direction (major diameter portion) of the rice seed can be sown in a desired direction along the direction of the feeding groove (front and back direction).

Further, when the rice seeds are lightly pressed against the bed soil immediately after seeding, a pressing roller may be provided immediately after the sowing position H to press the rice seeds with the pressing roller.

To explain the transmission structure of the sowing device 7, the power is transmitted from an output sprocket 66 provided on a seeding motor 65 to a seed feeding roller 69 via a feeding transmission chain 67, and from the output sprocket 66, a first removal chain 73 and a second removal chain. 74 to the removing brush 70, from the output sprocket 66 to the conveying transmission chain 71, to the roller 75 on the lower conveying side of the seeding section conveying conveyor 18, and from the roller 75 on the lower conveying side to the chain 77. It is transmitted to the rollers 76 on the upper side of the conveying side. Between the roller 76 on the upstream side of transportation and the roller 75 on the downstream side of transportation, there is a sowing position H where the seed feeding roller 69 feeds and supplies the seed. In addition, the first removal chain 73 and the transfer transmission chain 71 are wound so as to intersect when viewed from the side so that the removal brush 70, the seeding section transfer conveyor 18, and the seed delivery roller 69 rotate in opposite directions. A guide body is provided between the position of the removing brush 70 and the sowing position on the outer peripheral portion of the seed feeding roller 69 to cover the feeding groove so that the seeds do not drop out of the feeding groove.

The soil-covering device 8 includes a soil-covering tank 84 for storing the soil S to be the soil-covering soil, and a soil-covering device serving as a soil-covering device that draws out a predetermined amount of the soil-covering in the soil-covering tank 84 and drops it into the nursery box 200 and supplies it at the soil-covering position. A belt 85, a leveling plate 86 serving as a leveling tool for leveling the covered soil overflowing on the nursery box 200, and a covered soil amount adjusting tool for adjusting the gap on the covered soil delivery belt 85 to change and adjust the delivery amount of the covered soil. A leveling plate 86 is positioned on the conveying downstream side of the soil covering position on the conveying path 3 to which the covering soil feeding belt 85 supplies the covering soil. The transmission structure of the soil covering device 8 will be described. 81 , and from the roller 81 on the downstream side of conveyance to the roller 82 on the upstream side of conveyance via the chain 98 . In addition, there is a soil cover position between the roller 82 on the upper side of the conveying and the roller 81 on the lower side of the conveying. In addition, the conveying transmission chain 80 is wound so as to intersect when viewed from the side so that the covered soil delivery belt 85 and the covered soil conveying conveyor 28 rotate in opposite directions.

A front leg 10 of the soil covering device 8 holds a manual transfer handle 92 via a hook 93 as an operating tool for manually rotating the conveyor for transferring seedling boxes. With this manual transport handle 92, when the seeding machine 1 is stopped due to a failure during seeding by the seeding device 7 or when the seeding machine 1 is stopped to finish the seeding work, the seedling box 200 can be manually moved. The nursery box 200 can be easily taken out from the seeding machine 1 by transporting.

The irrigation device 29 is provided on the upper side of the irrigation section conveyor 63, has left and right support frames 100 respectively standing from the left and right conveying guides 15 of the irrigation section conveyor 63, and has a plurality of nozzles arranged on the left and right. The pipe 99 is supported by both left and right support frames 100 . The irrigation pipe 99, that is, the irrigation position, is arranged at a position closer to the upper side of the conveyer 63 for the irrigation section.

Each of the bed soil pre-filling conveyor 62, the watering section conveyor 63, the soil pre-covering conveyor 64, and the seedling box extraction conveyor 88 is fitted to the device on the upper side of the transfer and the lower side of the transfer at the front and rear ends of the left and right transfer guides 15. With the joint member 101, it is provided so that attachment or detachment is possible independently with respect to the seeding machine 1 main body. Therefore, by assembling the watering section conveyor 63 between the seeding device 7 and the soil covering device 8 , the watering device 29 can be arranged between the seeding device 7 and the soil covering device 8 . Alternatively, by assembling the irrigation unit conveyor 63 to the rear side of the soil covering device 8, water can be irrigated after the soil covering.

When arranging the watering device 29 between the seeding device 7 and the soil-covering device 8, the pre-soil-covering conveyor 64 is attached to the rear side of the watering section conveyor 63 so that a sufficient distance can be obtained between the watering device 29 and the soil-covering device 8. Alternatively, it is desirable to replace the pre-covering soil conveyor 64 attached to the rear side of the watering device 29 with a long conveyor. As a result, even if paddy soil with poor water absorption is used as the bed soil, water from the irrigation device 29 can be permeated into the bed soil, and the soil can be covered with the top surface of the bed soil drained, so that the sown seeds can be harvested. Stable germination rate can be obtained. Further, the pre-soil-covering conveyor 64 may be configured to expand and contract by constructing the pre-soil-covering conveyor 64 with a non-driven roller and by configuring the non-driven roller to be assembled at an arbitrary position. When arranging the irrigation device 29 between the floor filling device 6 and the seeding device 7, it is desirable to lengthen the conveyor between the irrigation device 29 and the seeding device 7 for the same reason as described above.

The top opening of the soil tank 84 is located lower than the top opening of the seed tank 68 , and the top opening of the bed soil tank 54 is located lower than the top opening of the soil tank 84 . As a result, since the amount used is large, the operator must frequently supply bed soil to the bed soil tank 54 with a scoop. It is easy to supply cover soil to the Moreover, since the opening at the upper end of the seed tank 68 is at a high level, it is possible to prevent erroneous feeding of the bed soil or cover soil to the seed tank 68 during bed soil supply work or cover soil supply work. By doing so, it is possible to prevent the seeding device 7 from breaking down.

In addition, when sowing seedlings in a nursery box 110 whose lateral width is smaller than the lateral width of the conveyor (less than 30 cm), as shown in FIG. A guide 112 may be attached to regulate the lateral position of the seedling box 110 on the conveyor. At this time, the seeds fed out by the sowing device 7 are wasted on the left and right sides, so the receiving container 111 for receiving the seeds may be arranged below the sowing device 7 on the left and right sides.

Depending on the variety of crops to be cultivated and the composition ratio of the culture soil S used for cultivation, the covering soil supplied by the covering soil device 8 may lack moisture necessary for growth.

As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, a second irrigation device 102 is provided on the downstream side of the soil covering device 8 in order to supply the insufficient moisture. The second irrigation device 102 is provided on the upper side of the seedling box delivery conveyor 88, provided with left and right irrigation support frames 103 rising from the left and right conveying guides 15 of the seedling box delivery conveyor 88, and a plurality of nozzles arranged on the left and right. A second irrigation pipe 104 extending to the left and right is supported by the left and right irrigation support frames 103 . The irrigation position of the second irrigation pipe 104 is set at a position closer to the upper side of the feeding conveyor 88 for raising seedling boxes.

As a result, it is possible to prevent the germination rate of the seeds T from declining and the growth of the seedlings from being adversely affected due to the lack of moisture, thereby stabilizing the growth of the seedlings.

Contrary to the above, when the culture soil S spread on the bottom of the seedling box 200 is watered, too much water accumulates around the seeds T, causing the seeds T to rot and not to germinate. As shown, it is preferable to dispose only the second watering device 102 without arranging the watering device 29, and water the soil after covering the soil with the soil covering device 8.

As a result, it is possible to prevent the germination rate of the seeds T from being lowered due to excessive moisture, so that no empty space is generated in the culture soil S, and the number of seedlings in line with the cultivation plan can be raised.

Vegetable seedlings such as onions used by a vegetable seedling transplanter are raised to a stage where they can be transplanted in the open field or in a cell tray.

However, raising seedlings in the open field requires a lot of man-hours for management work, such as processing weeds growing in the seedling soil and thinning out seedlings that grow poorly due to the effects of sunlight, soil temperature, ventilation, etc. and work costs are high. Furthermore, before the grown seedlings are used for transplanting, it is necessary to excavate the growing seedlings from the seedling soil and to cut the roots to an appropriate length at the time of transplanting, which increases the labor and work costs of workers. Become.

Cultivation using a cell tray is carried out in a closed space such as a nursery house, and since the seedlings are grown in soil whose composition has been adjusted, the number of man-hours required for removing weeds and thinning out can be reduced. In addition, since the cell tray prevents the roots from growing long, there is no need to cut the roots, and since the seedlings can be taken out one by one, there is no need to dig them up.

However, standard commercial cell trays are limited in the number of seedlings that can be grown per one. For example, there are 200 holes, 288 holes, 448 holes, etc., and the number of seedlings cultivated per cell tray is the same as the number of holes.

On the other hand, since the cell tray has a partition portion for providing intervals between the cells and an edge portion, there is a problem that the number of seedlings to be cultivated is smaller than the area of the cell tray.

The following cultivation method is conceivable in order to obtain the advantages of the above cultivation method and prevent the occurrence of problems.

As shown in FIG. 12( a ), a nursery box 200 that can be used for both paddy rice and vegetable seedlings is prepared. Onion seeds T are scattered and sown. At this time, the size of the nursery box 200 is 30 cm on the short side.
Taking the long side of 60 cm as an example, if 600 to 1000 seeds T are sown as evenly as possible, a growing space for the seedlings will be secured and the seedlings will grow evenly and stably. When these seeds T grow, a considerable number of seedlings line up in the nursery box 200 as shown in FIG. 12(b).

The bottom of the nursery box 200 has a plurality of fine holes formed in the bottom or a fine mesh bottom that does not allow the culture soil S to fall, but allows the roots R of the seedlings to grow directly downward. It is desirable to have

Although the length of onion seedlings from budding to the appropriate time for transplanting varies slightly depending on the variety, the growth stage of rice seedlings varies from "young seedling" where the third leaf grows to "middle leaf" where the fourth leaf grows. Since the height is about the same as that of the so-called stage (e.g. 12 to 18 cm), if you use a nursery box for young rice seedlings or medium seedlings, the vertical width will be suppressed and the seedlings will be raised. Storage space can be reduced even if you stack a lot when you don't do it.

Then, as shown in FIGS. 13(a), (b) and 14, after the seed T is covered with the potting soil S, the seedling box 200 is supported at a position spaced upward to some extent from the ground. When the seedlings are placed on a cultivation bench 210 which has a flexible frame but has an open bottom or a mesh-like bottom with large meshes, the roots R tend to extend below the bottom of the nursery box 200 due to growth. Cultivation is performed in an environment suitable for air pruning (air pruning) in which the plant does not grow further downward in contact with air or light, but grows while entwined with the surrounding soil S.

In the method of cultivating seedlings one by one in a cell tray, even if the seedlings are grown on a cultivation bench and the roots are spread in the culture soil by air pruning, the amount of culture soil per cell is small and the roots grow straight. With onion seedlings such as this, it is difficult for roots to spread in the surrounding soil, and the root ball required for planting with a transplanter is weak, and the planted seedlings tend to fall down.

Therefore, the cell tray nursery box after seeding is placed on the ridge, etc., and the roots are extended to the soil below the culture soil, and the roots are entangled with the culture soil to strengthen the entanglement of the roots. There is a way. However, in this conventional seedling-raising method, the roots extending downward from the cell tray nursery box become an obstacle when they enter the planting tool of the transplanter, so it is necessary to remove unnecessary roots before transplanting. There is a problem that the labor of the operator increases.

On the other hand, in the present application, since a large number of seeds T are sown without partitioning the culture soil S in the nursery box 200, the nursery box 200 is placed on the cultivation bench 210 having sufficient air inflow at least in the lower space. To make a root ball strong suitable for transplanting with a transplanter by entangling the roots R of a plurality of seedlings with each other in the culture soil S even if the growth of the roots R is regulated downward by placing the seedlings. can be done.

Furthermore, since the roots R do not protrude downward from the nursery box 200, there is no need to remove the unnecessary roots R before the transplanting work. is prevented from occurring.

Assuming that the germination rate of the onion seeds T is 80% and that the germinated seeds grow smoothly until the appropriate transplanting period, 200 to 480 to 800 onion seedlings can be obtained from one nursery box. can.

This is two to four times the number of seedlings raised in a cell tray of the same size (200 to 288), making it possible to reduce the working space for raising seedlings. When the seedling-raising work space becomes narrower, the number of used seedling-raising boxes 200 and the area of the cultivation facility can be reduced, the cultivation cost can be reduced, and the distance or area that the seedling-raising worker must move can be reduced, so the worker's labor is reduced. can be reduced and work efficiency can be improved.

A cell tray with 448 holes certainly has a smaller numerical difference, but a commercially available cell tray with 448 holes has dimensions of 619 mm×315 mm, and an area per sheet is about 19500 square mm. On the other hand, the size of the seedling box 200 of the present invention is 600 mm×300 mm, and the area of one seedling box is about 18000 square mm, so there is an area difference of about 8% per seedling box. Therefore, since the nursery box 200 of the present invention occupies less space during cultivation work, it is possible to raise more seedlings in the same area.

In the above, a seedling raising method was shown in which the seedling box 200 was placed on the cultivation bench 210 and air pruning was performed to suppress the removal of the excess roots R. etc.), the seedling-raising method may not be appropriate, which may lead to a lower germination rate or poor growth.

The following is a method of placing the seedling box 200 on the ridge and extending the root portion R into the lower ridge in the same manner as in the conventional seedling-raising work. The root part R of the onion easily grows straight if there is nothing to block it, and it naturally grows in the soil, so that the stress applied to the seedling is reduced, and it is suitable for cultivating most varieties of onions.

When raising seedlings on the ridges, a root cutting sheet 220 is laid between the ridges and the nursery box 200 to reduce the time and labor required for removing the excessive roots R. The root cutting sheet 220 is made of a non-woven fabric or a synthetic resin, through which the roots R can penetrate as they grow, and fine roots tend to get entangled. It is in a state of sticking to the bottom surface of the seedling box 200 via.

If the root cutting sheet 220 is peeled off from the seedling box 200 in this state, the root R that is not suitable for transplanting and protruding downward from the seedling box 200 is torn off by the root cutting sheet 220, resulting in several hundred (plural) seedlings. The removal work of the root R can be performed substantially at the same time, and the work time and labor can be reduced.

Depending on how the roots R are stretched, those that were not torn off by the root-cutting sheet 220 when the root-cutting sheet 220 was peeled off are processed manually.

In the above, seeds are sown manually using a hand seeder or the like in the culture soil S laid in the nursery box 200, and even if the operator is careful, the seedlings tend to be unevenly generated, resulting in a dense There are places where seedlings grow, and places where seedlings do not grow even though it is possible to grow.

In places where seedlings are densely packed, there is a problem that the seedlings tend to grow poorly or wither due to competition for moisture and nutrients, resulting in a decrease in the number of seedlings. In addition, the roots R of the grown seedlings are entangled with each other, and the roots R are damaged when the seedlings are separated one by one during the transplanting work. There is

In order to solve this problem, a method can be considered in which the seeds T are sown in rows at predetermined intervals in the nursery box 200 using the sowing machine 1 so that the growing spaces of the seeds T are uniform.

At this time, the seeds T to be sown are bare seeds Tn that have not undergone special treatment after harvesting, as shown in FIG. Coated seeds Tc, which are obtained by coating seeds T with pellets to make them uniform in size, are often used.

When the seeding device 7 is used to sow the bare seeds Tn in the nursery box 200, 10 to 12 rows are sown in the short side direction (horizontal direction). 3 to 4 seeds of the bare seed Tc are sown at one place at the same time, and the diameter of this one place is about 2 mm.

At this time, the left-right spacing between the bare seeds Tn is set in the range of 15 mm to 20 mm. It shall be performed at a predetermined distance from the wall portion.

At this time, as shown in FIG. 17( a ), if the left-right interval between the bare seeds Tn is 15 mm and the number of rows is 10, the width occupied by the bare seeds Tn at 10 locations is 2 mm × 10 = 20 mm, the bare seeds Tn There are 9 left and right gaps between each other, and 15 mm x 9 = 135 mm, for a total left and right width of 155 mm. At this time, a gap of 72.5 mm is formed between the sowing lines on both the left and right sides and the left and right wall portions of the nursery box 200 .

When the number of rows is 12, as shown in FIG. 17B, the width occupied by the bare seeds Tn at 12 locations is 2 mm × 12 and 24 mm, and the left and right intervals between the bare seeds Tn are 11 locations and 15 mm × 11. 165 mm in total, and a total width of 189 mm is required. At this time, a gap of 55.5 mm is formed between the sowing lines on both the left and right sides and the left and right walls of the nursery box 200 .

Next, if the left-right spacing between the bare seeds Tn is 20 mm and the number of rows is 10, as shown in FIG. There are 9 left and right gaps between each other, and 20 mm x 9 = 180 mm, for a total left and right width of 200 mm. At this time, the left and right outer sowing lines and the left and right wall portions of the nursery box 200 form an interval of 50 mm each.

When the number of rows is 12, as shown in FIG. 18B, the width occupied by the bare seeds Tn at 12 locations is 2 mm × 12 and 24 mm, and the left and right intervals between the bare seeds Tn are 11 locations and 20 mm × 11. 220 mm in total, and a total width of 244 mm is required. At this time, the left and right outer sowing lines and the left and right wall portions of the nursery box 200 form an interval of 33 mm, respectively.

In the longitudinal direction of the nursery box 200, the bare seeds Tn are sown with an interval of about 13 mm. Assuming that the length of the long side of the nursery box 200 is 600 mm as described above, and the seeds are sown at a distance of about 30 mm from the front and back walls, the bare seed Tn is about 2 mm, and the distance between the front and back is 13 mm. Seeded in approximately 36 rows at ÷15 mm.

As a result, when 10 rows are sown, 1440 seeds are sown in 10 rows × 4 grains × 36 rows, and when 12 rows are sown, about 1728 seeds are sown in 12 rows × 4 grains × 36 rows. . However, considering that some seedlings will not germinate and others will be culled out due to competition for survival due to growing densely, the number of seedlings that can be finally obtained for transplantation will be about 60 to 70%. Presumed.

The bare seeds Tn do not have a constant germination time and may not germinate, but by sowing a plurality of bare seeds Tn in one place, it is possible to suppress the possibility that the seedlings will not grow at all. In addition, although some seedlings may be weeded out due to competition for water and nutrients, the strong seedlings that have survived the competition for survival can be used for transplanting work, so the onions are less likely to wither before they are harvested, and quality is improved. Increases chances of harvesting in good condition.

Next, when the seeding device 7 is used to sow the coated seeds Tc in the nursery box 200, 18 to 24 rows are sown in the short side direction (horizontal direction). As described above, the coated seed Tc is adjusted by the priming treatment so that the germination time is almost constant, and the coating agent makes it less susceptible to temperature and nutrient deficiencies after germination, so one seed is sown per site. and

At this time, the left-right spacing between the coated seeds Tc is set in the range of 8 mm to 12 mm. It shall be performed at a predetermined distance from the wall portion.

At this time, if the left-right interval between the coated seeds Tc is 8 mm and the number of threads is 18, as shown in FIG. There are 17 left and right intervals between the two, and 8 mm x 17 = 136 mm, for a total left and right width of 208 mm. At this time, the left and right outer sowing lines and the left and right wall portions of the nursery box 200 form an interval of 46 mm, respectively.

When the number of rows is 24, as shown in FIG. 19(b), the width occupied by the 24 coated seeds Tc is 4 mm×24×96 mm, and the left and right intervals between the coated seeds Tc are 23 points and 8 mm×23. 184 mm in total, and a total width of 280 mm is required. At this time, the left and right outer sowing lines and the left and right wall portions of the nursery box 200 form an interval of 10 mm, respectively.

Next, assuming that the lateral distance between the coated seeds Tc is 12 mm and the number of threads is 18, as shown in FIG. There are 17 gaps, and 12 mm x 17 = 204 mm, for a total lateral width of 276 mm. At this time, the left and right outer sowing lines and the left and right wall portions of the nursery box 200 form an interval of 62 mm, respectively.

When the number of rows is 24, the width occupied by the 24 coated seeds Tc is 4 mm×24=96 mm. be. If it is set to 9 mm, 9×23=207 mm is required. Therefore, when the number of threads is 24, the left-right spacing between the coated seeds Tc cannot be selected other than 8 mm.

In the longitudinal direction of the nursery box 200, the coated seeds Tc are sown with an interval of about 8 mm. Assuming that the length of the long side of the nursery box 200 is 600 mm as described above, and the seeds are sown at a distance of about 30 mm from the front and rear wall portions, the coated seed Tc is about 4 mm, and the distance between the front and back is 8 mm, so 540 mm. Seeded in approximately 45 rows at ÷12 mm.

As a result, when sowing 18 rows, 900 seeds Tn are sown for 18 rows x 45 rows, and about 1080 seeds Tn for 24 rows x 45 rows are sown for 24 rows.

Coated seed Tc is less likely to cause defective germination, has a uniform growth rate, and has a growing space in the front, back, left, and right, so that the seedling is less likely to die during growth or become unsuitable for transplantation. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the work cost and prevent deterioration of the quality of the harvested onions.

As described above, about 3 to 6 times as many seedlings can be raised as the seedlings raised by the cell tray in the same area, and the required number of seedling boxes 200 can be reduced. Along with this, labor and work costs required for raising seedlings can be reduced.

When seeds are sown in the seedling box 200 using the sowing machine 1, either the seedling raising method using the cultivation bench 210 or the seedling raising method in which the root cutting sheet 220 is laid between the ridge and the seedling box 200 can be selected. be.

The culture soil S used for raising seedlings is adjusted as follows to promote the growth of onion seedlings.

When raising onion seedlings, as shown in FIGS. 21 and 22, soil with good water absorption, water permeability, and air permeability is desirable, so the soil was sterilized so that the specific gravity was within the range of 0.4 to 1.0. The fine soil E is made to contain peat moss Sp and vermiculite Sv.

When onion seedlings grow, the nitrogen component N, which is mainly necessary for the growth of the foliage portion L, is essential. With the above cultivation method, even if the roots R grow long, they do not protrude from the bottom of the nursery box 200, or they can be easily excised by the root cutting sheet 220, but the nutrients will be distributed to unnecessary parts, so the stems and leaves will not protrude. There is a problem that the growth of the part L becomes worse.

Therefore, if the amount of nitrogen component N contained in the culture soil S is about 500 to 1000 mg per 1 liter of culture soil S, the nitrogen component N will not be excessively absorbed by the seedlings, and the roots R and foliage L will grow. stabilize together.

If the entire amount of nitrogen component N is allowed to be absorbed immediately after germination, there is a possibility that excessive absorption in the early stage of growth will elongate the root R, and nitrogen component N will be depleted during growth, resulting in poor growth.

In order to cope with this problem, as shown in FIG. 22, of the nitrogen component N to be contained in the culture soil S, 50 to 70% is a fast-acting nitrogen component Ni, and 30 to 50% is a slow-acting nitrogen component enclosed in a capsule or coating agent. nitrogen component Ns.

The fast-acting nitrogen component Ni may be a liquid agent, or may be powder or granules that are easily soluble in water. The slow-acting nitrogen component Ns is a capsule or coating agent that dissolves through a chemical reaction with citric acid or the like secreted from the roots R, and exhibits its effect when the seedlings grow to some extent and the nitrogen component N in the soil S begins to run short. shall begin. In addition, if the capsule or the coating agent has a property that does not easily absorb moisture from the roots R that come into contact with them, the roots R will be prevented from being damaged by the dehydration action.

As a result, the rapid absorption of the nitrogen component N and the shortage of the nitrogen component N are prevented until the seedling reaches the proper time for transplanting, and the growth of the root portion R and foliage portion L of the seedling is stabilized.

On the other hand, phosphorus, which promotes the growth of onion seedlings and, in turn, the harvested part, is contained in the culture soil S up to the limit, while being careful not to oversupply. At this time, 3,000 to 10,000 mg of phosphoric acid component P is contained in 1 liter of potting soil S. The content of the phosphoric acid component P is set to a higher concentration than the content in the transplanted field.

By adding a high concentration of the phosphoric acid component P to the culture soil S for raising seedlings, depletion of the phosphoric acid component P is prevented after germination until the proper time for transplanting, stabilizing the growth of seedlings and improving the quality of harvested products. is planned.

Moreover, most of the phosphoric acid component P contained in the culture soil S for raising seedlings is used up before the seedling grows to a transplantable stage, so that excess phosphoric acid component P is prevented from being brought into the field.

If excessive phosphate component P is brought into the field, the soil containing the component may move out of the field due to wind and rain, temporarily contaminating the surrounding environment. Since almost no P is brought in, contamination of the surrounding environment is suppressed.

The above-mentioned phosphoric acid component P is absorbed by the seedlings germinated in the soil S, but since it has an immediate effect, it is likely to be consumed at an early stage. As a result, a high concentration of phosphoric acid component P remains in the root ball of seedlings that have grown to a stage where they can be transplanted, increasing the possibility that excess phosphoric acid component P will be brought into the field.

In order to prevent this problem from occurring, as shown in FIG. Pc and the remaining 25-50% Ps phosphite.

Ps phosphite is a component that can exhibit effects such as promotion of growth of onions, healthy enlargement of harvested parts, and improvement of disease resistance in a smaller amount than Pc orthophosphate. However, if the concentration of Pc orthophosphate is low with respect to the concentration of Ps phosphite, the effect is difficult to be exhibited. is preferably used as an adjuvant with a low content of Ps phosphite.

As described above, the amount of phosphoric acid component P used can be suppressed, so that the amount of phosphoric acid component P brought into the field is reduced, and the amount of phosphoric acid component P used in the soil S is reduced. Cost reduction is achieved.

In addition to the nitrogen component N and the phosphoric acid component P, essential components for plants such as potassium and sulfur are added to the potting soil S little by little to prevent the occurrence of unbalanced fertilizer components and to repel pests. A chemical agent or an agent against bacteria and viruses that may occur in the culture soil S is added to prevent seedlings from withering or poor growth due to pests.

There are various types of hand seeders depending on the target sowing work, but it is set on the top of the seedling box 200 in which the culture soil S is laid, and from the supply holes formed in the vertical and horizontal directions, the hand seeder is placed on the culture soil S at predetermined front and rear and left and right intervals. There are some that are sown in rows with a space between them.

However, this type of hand seeder takes into account the use of coated seeds Tc that have been made larger with a coating agent, and in many cases, a single common coated seed Tc passes through the feed hole that is formed. It is set to a possible 4-5 mm. When trying to supply bare seeds Tn with small grains with this hand seeder, the bare seeds Tn are so small that the number of bare seeds Tn exceeding the number that should be supplied to one place is supplied. The growing area per plant becomes narrower, and the number of bare seeds Tn that are discarded and wasted increases. In addition, the unbalanced supply of the bare seeds Tn results in the formation of spaces without seedlings.

In order to deal with this problem, a hand seeder 300 shown in FIGS. 23(a), 23(b) and 24 has a slide plate 310 made of resin such as acrylic, metal, or wood. , and this slide plate 310 is slidably mounted on a fixed plate 330 loaded on the seedling box 200, which has drop supply holes 340 formed at predetermined intervals.

Guide grooves 350 are formed on the fixed plate 330 at predetermined intervals, and guide plates 360 formed on the lower surface of the slide plate 310 at predetermined intervals are inserted into the guide grooves 350 . This guide plate 360 also has the effect of preventing the bare seeds Tn from moving far when the bare seeds Tn are released from the slide supply hole 320 at a position displaced from the drop supply hole 340 .

The plate thickness of the slide plate 310 is about 3 mm, and a slide supply hole 320 with a hole diameter of φ2.6 to φ3.0 is formed upward from the lower surface of the slide plate 310 over a range of 2.0 to 2.5 mm. Then, above the slide supply hole 320 and downward from the upper surface of the slide plate 310, a loading hole having a depth of 0.5 to 1.0 mm and an inclination angle of 90 to 120 degrees is formed by countersinking. 321 is formed.

As a result, the bare seeds Tn with small grains enter the slide supply hole 320 along the inclined surface of the input hole 321, and enter the slide supply hole 320 in a state in which 3 to 4 seeds are aligned vertically. In a state where a plurality of bare seeds Tn enter the slide supply hole 320, the next bare seed Tn about to enter is returned onto the slide plate 310 from the inclined surface of the input hole 321, moved to another input hole 321, and becomes empty. If there is, it will enter the slide feed hole 320 .

When seeding the nursery box 200 with the hand seeder 300, the slide plate 310 is moved to a position where the slide supply hole 320 and the drop supply hole 340 do not overlap each other, and in this state, a plurality of bare seeds Tn are seeded. The seeds are supplied onto the slide plate 310 from a bag, bucket, or other seed storage member. Then, in this state, the whole hand seeder 300 is shaken to let the bare seeds Tn enter the plurality of slide supply holes 320, and when the bare seeds Tn on the slide plate 310 disappear or become a small number, the slide plate 310 is slid. so that the slide feed hole 320 and the drop feed hole 340 overlap.

As a result, the bare seeds Tn that have entered the slide supply hole 320 pass through the drop supply hole 340 and are supplied to predetermined positions on the potting soil S in the nursery box 200 at a time of 3 to 4 seeds. will be

As a result, bare seeds Tn can be sown in rows in the nursery box 200 without using the sowing machine 1, so that a small amount of sowing work can be performed at low cost and a large number of seedlings can be obtained with low labor.

In the above configuration, a plurality of bare seeds Tn are guided to each seeding position. However, in other crops such as cabbage, it may be desirable to sow one bare seed Tn per position.

As for the hand seeder 300 corresponding to such crops, as shown in FIG. 25, the thickness of the slide plate 310 is 3 mm, and the slide feed hole 320 and the feed hole 321 are each 1.0 to 1.5 mm, and the total is 3 mm. form like this. At this time, the hole diameter of the slide supply hole 320 is set to φ2.4 to φ2.8, and the inclination angle of the input hole 321 is set to 115 to 155 degrees. The width of the guide plate 360 is set to 20 to 30 mm, and the interval between the guide grooves 350 is set to 6 to 16 mm.

As a result, if the bare seeds Tn enter the input hole 321 without the bare seeds Tn in the slide supply hole 320, the bare seeds Tn become difficult to escape from the input hole 321 even if the hand seeder 300 repeatedly slides. , the time required for setting the bare seed Tn to the slide supply hole 320 is shortened.

In addition, since the bare seeds Tn that have entered the input hole 321 with the bare seeds Tn in the slide supply hole 320 are likely to return onto the slide plate 310 when the hand seeder 300 slides, the slide supply hole 320 at one place is not used. It becomes difficult for a plurality of bare seeds Tn to enter 320 .

Furthermore, since one bare seed Tn is sown on the culture soil S at predetermined intervals, no seeds are discarded and wasted during growth, thereby reducing costs and in accordance with the cultivation plan. number of seedlings is ensured.

In addition, since cabbage seedlings have a plurality of radially growing leaves, it is very difficult for a plurality of seedlings to grow to a stage where they can be transplanted in a dense state like onion seedlings.

1 sowing machine 200 nursery box 210 cultivation bench (cultivation shelf)
220 root cutting sheet (root cutting member)
E Refined soil N Nitrogen component Ns Slow-acting nitrogen component P Phosphoric acid component Pc Orthophosphoric acid Ps Phosphorous acid R Root S Culture soil T Seed

Claims (5)

The culture soil (S) for growing seedlings for transplantation is composed of sterilized sediment (E), a nitrogen component (N), and a phosphoric acid component (P),
The content of the nitrogen component (N) of the culture soil (S) is 500 mg to 1000 mg / L, and 30 to 50% of the nitrogen component (N) is added to the seedlings after a certain period of time after sowing the seeds (T). A slow-acting nitrogen component (Ns) that can be absorbed by the roots (R) of
A seedling-raising method characterized by sowing crop seeds (T) in the culture soil (S). Seeds (T) are sown in the culture soil (S) laid in the nursery box (200),
The seedling box (200) is held on a cultivation shelf (210) held in a state where there is a space below the seedling box (200) that does not contact the ground, and the root part (R) extends downward. 2. The seedling-raising method according to claim 1, wherein the seedlings are suppressed by contact with air . Seeds (T) are sown in the culture soil (S) laid in the nursery box (200),
When the seedling box (200) is placed on the nursery soil in which the roots (R) are stretched and grown, a root cutting member (220) is placed to grow the roots (R) toward the nursery soil below while entangling the roots (R). Placed between the box (200) and the seedling soil,
2. The seedling raising method according to claim 1 , wherein when the root cutting member (220) is removed, a portion of the root portion (R) unnecessary for the transplanting operation is also removed. The seeds (T) sown in the culture soil (S) are scattered using a sowing device (300), and about 900 to 1700 seeds (T) are used for each nursery box (200). The seedling raising method according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The seeds (T) sown in the culture soil (S) are sown in rows using a sowing machine (1), and about 900 to 1700 seeds (T) are used for each nursery box (200). The seedling raising method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

Images