JP6361713B2 - Seedling method - Google Patents

Description

  This invention belongs to the technical field of seedling raising methods.

  There is a technique for shortening the breeding period by raising seedlings or young seedlings in a cold region. At that time, a technique for sowing in a dense sowing state is known in order to reliably raise seedlings.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-225643

  It is an object of the present invention to prevent the seed pods sowed in a seedling box from overlapping one another and increase the degree of dense sowing, and to make the seedling height of seedlings suitable for transplanting with a transplanting machine.

  In order to solve the above problems, the following technical measures were taken.

That is, the invention according to claim 1 is directed to a transport path (3) for transporting the nursery box (2) having an internal area of 1800 square centimeters or less in one direction, and the transport of the seedling box (2) on the transport device (3). A floor soil filling device (6), a seeding device (7), and a soil covering device (8) provided in this order from the upper side are provided, and on the transport path (3), the floor soiling portion transport conveyor (17) and the seeding portion transport A conveyor (18) and a soil covering section conveyor (28);
An irrigation section conveyor (63) and a pre-covering section conveyor (64) are provided in order from the upper transfer side of the seedling box (2) between the sowing section transport conveyor (18) and the covering soil transport conveyor (28). 63) Using the seeding machine (1) provided with the irrigation device (29) on the upper side of the seedling box (2), the seedling box (2) has a silicic acid component and a nitrogen component amount of 0. . Light soil with 25g / kg or less and temporary specific gravity of 0.8 or less is packed in floor soil with a thickness of 10 to 18mm, so that seeding device (7) does not pile up over 180g of seed potatoes per box. The seedling box (2) is spread on the entire surface and sown, irrigated by the irrigation device (29), and the length of the pre-soil conveyor (64) is changed and adjusted so that the irrigation by the irrigation device (29) can be performed. Covering the floor soil and covering it with water on the top surface of the floor soil According to (8), while containing a nitrogen component amount of 0.25 g / kg or more and a fertilizer component up to 0.4 g / kg, the fertilizer containing a granular fertilizer coated with the fertilizer component exceeding 0.4 g / kg. Covering the soil
The length of the seedlings that are grown over a period of time that is about halfway between the nursling and the young seedlings and that is about halfway between the nurslings and the young seedlings is 10 to 12 cm. It was set as the seedling raising method characterized by having set to the 18th day .

The invention according to claim 2 is the seedling raising method according to claim 1, wherein when sowing, the seed pods are sown in the same direction, and the sowed seed pods are pressed against the cultivation soil and then covered with soil .

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  Moreover, the 1st related invention relevant to this invention is the conveyance path | route (3) which conveys the seedling box (2) in one direction, and the conveyance apparatus (3) on the conveyance apparatus (3) from the conveyance upper side in order. A floor soil filling device (6), a seeding device (7), and a soil covering device (8) are provided, and in the transport path (3), a floor soiling portion transport conveyor (17) and a seeding portion transport conveyor (18) are provided. And a soil covering section conveyor (28), and a irrigation section conveyor (63) and a pre-cover soil conveyor (64) between the sowing section transport conveyor (18) and the soil covering section conveyor (28) are raised in a seedling box (2). The irrigation device (29) is provided on the upper side of the irrigation unit conveyor (63) by using the seeder (1) provided in order from the transport upper side of the irrigation unit conveyor (63) and provided with the irrigation device (29) on the upper side of the irrigation unit conveyor (63). Using the sowing machine (1) provided, the seedling box (2) is attached to the seedling box (2) by the floor soil filling device (6). Light soil with acid component and nitrogen component amount of 0.25 g / kg or less and temporary specific gravity of 0.8 or less is packed in floor soil with a thickness of 10-18 mm, and per seeding device (7) By sowing seed potatoes of 180 g or more, irrigating with the irrigation device (29), and adjusting the length of the pre-soil conveyor (64), the irrigation by the irrigation device (29) penetrates into the floor soil and the floor soil In the state where water on the upper surface of the soil is drained, the soil covering device (8) contains a nitrogen component amount of 0.25 g / kg or more and a fertilizer content of up to 0.4 g / kg, and the fertilizer exceeds 0.4 g / kg. About the part, it was set as the seedling raising method of covering the soil containing the granular fertilizer which gave the coating, and raising seedlings for 7 to 10 days.

  In addition, the second related invention is the seedling raising method according to the first related invention in which, when sowing, the seed pods are sowed in the same direction, and the sowed seed pods are pressed against the cultivation soil, and then soiled.

  Further, the third related invention is provided with a seedling receiving frame that receives an end of a mat-like seedling on the seedling placing table, a seedling receiving opening is provided in the seedling receiving frame, and the left and right are moved left and right along the seedling receiving frame. A moving device is provided, and a seedling transfer device is provided for transferring the mat-shaped seedling on the seedling mounting table to the seedling receiving frame side when the seedling mounting table reaches the left and right moving end. It is configured to supply seedlings one by one sequentially to the take-out port, and by left and right moving device in transplanting with a transplanter equipped with a seedling planting device that takes seeds one by one from the seedling take-out port and plants them in the field Enter the number of transfers (A) to supply seedlings for one stock in the left and right full width of mat-like seedlings and the number of transfers (B) to transfer seedlings with the total length of seedlings in the seedling transfer device, By entering the number of seedlings (C) and the weight per unit number of seed pods (e), The first or second relation of sowing seeds with the seeding device (7) based on the display of the sowing amount display device that calculates and displays the weight (X) of seeds necessary per box of the box (2) The seedling raising method described in the invention was adopted.

  In addition, the fourth related invention is a seeding rate (d), which is a ratio at which seedlings grown from seeded seed buds are obtained by the seeding amount display device, and the seed buds absorb moisture when sprouting and the weight increases. In consideration of the increased weight ratio (f), the seed weight (X) necessary per seedling box (2) is calculated and displayed, and based on this display, the sowing device (7) is used to sow seeds. The seedling raising method described in the third related invention is used.

  Further, the fifth related invention provides a sowing hole drilling roller on the front side of the sowing position (H) of the sowing device (7), and a perforation protrusion (120) for forming a sowing hole on the outer periphery of the sowing hole drilling roller. Provided, a seed splitting roller is provided on the rear side of the sowing position (H), a seed splitting projection (123) for disassembling the seeded seed coating material is provided on the outer periphery of the seed splitting roller, The seed split projection (123) has the same shape with an inclined surface (122) around the flat surface (121) at the lower end, and a seeding hole is formed on the upper surface of the floor soil by the drilling projection (120). The seedling raising method according to any one of the first to fourth related inventions, wherein the seed coating material formed and disseminated by the seed split protrusion (123) is decomposed.

According to the invention according to claim 1 , seedling can be seeded so as to spread the seedling over almost the entire surface of the seedling box (2), and the maximum number of seedlings can be obtained by dense sowing. It can be reduced, and labor saving and cost reduction can be achieved. Moreover, since the siliceous component is contained in the bed soil, the amount of rooting can be increased, and the strength of the mat seedling floor can be obtained even if the seedling raising period is short. Further, since the amount of fertilizer in the floor soil is less than that of the cover soil, rooting can be promoted in the floor soil portion, and a desired mat seedling can be formed even if the seedling raising period is short. And by including the granular fertilizer with which the coating was given, a fertilization effect can be made effective gradually, and it can raise a seedling satisfactorily even if a seedling period is long while preventing the germination rate from falling. In addition, since the light soil with a temporary specific gravity of 0.8 or less is packed in the floor soil, it becomes difficult for the seed pods to bounce on the floor soil at the time of sowing, and the orientation of the seed pods can be prevented from changing. Furthermore, since the granular cultivated soil is covered, it is possible to prevent the seed sow from moving. Moreover, since irrigation by the irrigation device (29) permeates into the floor soil and covers the soil with water on the upper surface of the floor soil, the sowing seed pod is unlikely to be in an oxygen-deficient state, and a stable germination rate is obtained. In addition, seedlings can be seeded by spreading over almost the entire surface of the seedling box (2) so as not to overlap with each other, and the degree of dense sowing can be increased.

  In addition, the seedling period is 11 to 18 days and the seedling height is 10 to 12 cm, so that seedlings can be grown around the middle of the dairy seedling and the young seedling, and the transplantation adaptability is improved with the seedling length suitable for transplanting with a transplanting machine. .

According to the invention according to claim 2 , in addition to the effect of claim 1 , seed seeds can be efficiently spread over the entire surface of the seedling box (2) so as not to overlap with each other, and the density of dense seeding can be increased. . In addition, the seed pods sowed on the seedling box (2) are prevented from rolling and the direction of the seed pods is changed, so that the seed pods are efficiently spread over almost the entire surface of the seedling box (2) so that the seed pods do not overlap vertically. it can.

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  In addition, according to the first related invention, seedlings can be sown so that the seedlings can be spread over almost the entire surface of the seedling box (2), and the maximum number of seedlings can be obtained by dense seeding, so the number of seedlings required for transplanting to the field Therefore, labor saving and cost reduction can be achieved.

  Moreover, since the siliceous component is contained in the floor soil, the amount of rooting can be increased, and the strength of the mat seedling floor can be obtained even if the seedling raising period is short.

  Further, since the amount of fertilizer in the floor soil is less than that of the cover soil, rooting can be promoted in the floor soil portion, and a desired mat seedling can be formed even if the seedling raising period is short.

  And by including the granular fertilizer with which the coating was given, a fertilization effect can be made effective gradually, and it can raise a seedling satisfactorily even if a seedling period is long while preventing the germination rate from falling.

  Furthermore, since the light soil having a temporary specific gravity of 0.8 or less is packed in the floor soil, it becomes difficult for the seed pods to bounce on the floor soil at the time of sowing, and the change of the direction of the seed pods can be suppressed.

  Moreover, since the granular soil is covered, it is possible to prevent the seed sow from moving. Moreover, since irrigation by the irrigation device (29) permeates into the floor soil and covers the soil with water on the upper surface of the floor soil, the sowing seed pod is unlikely to be in an oxygen-deficient state, and a stable germination rate is obtained.

  And since the seedlings are cultivated in a relatively short period of 7 to 10 days, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the quality of the seedlings due to the long seedling period due to dense seeding.

  According to the second related invention, in addition to the effects of the first related invention, seed seedlings can be efficiently laid and spread over substantially the entire surface of the seedling box (2) so as not to overlap vertically, thereby increasing the density of dense seeding. it can.

  In addition, it is possible to prevent seeds from rolling on the seedling box (2) and to change the direction of the seeds, and to spread seedlings on the entire surface of the seedling box (2) efficiently so that the seeds do not overlap vertically. it can.

  According to the third related invention, in addition to the effects of the first or second related invention, it is easily required based on the weight (X) of seed potatoes required per one seedling box (2) to be displayed. It is possible to sow a large amount of seed pods, and prevent seedlings from becoming improper due to excessive dense sowing while preventing seedlings from being planted when transplanting in the field due to insufficient seeding. The accuracy can be improved.

  According to the fourth related invention, in addition to the effects of the third related invention, the weight (X) of the seed pod required per box of the seedling box (2) can be displayed with high accuracy, and the sowing accuracy is further improved. Can be planned.

  According to the fifth related invention, in addition to the effects of any one of the first to fourth related inventions, the bottom surface of the sowing hole formed on the upper surface of the floor soil can be flattened, and the seed can be seeded in the sowing hole. Can be stably seeded.

  Moreover, since the seed split protrusion (123) has the same shape as the perforated protrusion (120), the load when disassembling the seed coating material is reduced, and the seeder (1) is operated at high speed. The vibration at the time can be suppressed, and it can be used as a common part with the drilling protrusion (120).

Top view showing the seeder Side view showing the seeder The top view which shows the principal part of a seedling box supply device Side view showing essential parts of seedling box feeder A perspective view showing a lower receiving plate, an upper receiving plate and a dropping plate The figure which shows the shape of a piercing protrusion and a seed split protrusion

  One embodiment of the present invention will be described below. The following embodiment is merely an embodiment and does not restrict the scope of the claims.

  As a seedling raising method, a rectangular general rice seedling box (internal dimensions: 580 mm in length, 280 mm in width) (2) is used, and the seedling box having the silicic acid component in this seedling box (2) is used as a floor soil. Packed with a thickness of ˜18 mm, seeding 180 g or more of seed pods per box and covering to the upper end of the seedling box (2). The floor soil filling, sowing and covering work may be performed by a seeder (1) described later, but may be performed manually. The culture soil used as the bed soil has a nitrogen content of 0.25 g / kg or less. Moreover, the cultivation soil used as covering soil has a granular fertilizer in which the nitrogen component amount is 0.25 g / kg or more, the fertilizer content is 0.4 g / kg or more, and a part of the fertilizer is coated. In addition, as for the granular fertilizer to which the coating was given, it is desirable to make it only a part of fertilizer exceeding the fertilizer content 0.4g / kg.

  Then, the seedling box (2) sowed and covered with soil is nurtured for 7 to 10 days in an environment-controlled nursery room to obtain a milk seedling. It should be noted that if the seedling period is long despite the dense seeding, the quality of the seedling may be lowered. Therefore, it is desirable that the seedling period is relatively short. In addition, since it has a silicic acid component in the floor soil, the amount of rooting can be increased, the strength of the floor portion of the mat seedling can be obtained even if the seedling raising period is short, and it corresponds to the seedling height. The dry matter weight can be increased, and the degree of seedling improvement is improved.

  In addition, if the seedling period is set to 11-18 days, the seedling height will be about 10-12 cm, and seedlings in the middle of dairy seedlings and young seedlings can be nurtured, and transplantation adaptation at a seedling height suitable for transplanting with a transplanting machine In addition to improving the properties, it is possible to obtain the strength of the floor portion of the mat seedling by rooting.

  Moreover, you may raise a seedling not only in a seedling room but outdoors, such as a farm field. Moreover, you may perform the pool seedling which puts a seedling box (2) in the pool in which water was stored, and makes a bottom watering. In pool seedlings, rooting can be promoted and the strength of the mat seedling floor can be obtained.

  Further, if a light soil containing 50% or more of peat moss or coconut shell is used as the floor soil, the rooting can be promoted.

  Nursery box (2) When sowing a large amount of seed pods of 180 g or more per box, the seed pods may overlap each other. Therefore, if the seed pods are sowed in the seedling box (2) so that the longitudinal direction (long diameter part) of the seed pods is directed to the longitudinal direction of the seedling box (2), seedlings can be efficiently raised so that the seed pods do not overlap vertically. The seedling can be laid and spread over almost the entire surface of the box (2), the density of dense seeding can be increased, and germination failure can be prevented and good breeding can be performed. And it is desirable to lightly press the seed pod against the floor soil immediately after sowing before covering so as to prevent the seed pod sowing from rolling on the seedling box (2) and changing the direction of the seed pod. As a result, the seed pod is slightly buried in the floor soil, and the seed pod is prevented from rolling on the seedling box (2). In addition, what is necessary is just to press a seed pod, rolling a pressing roller on the nursery box (2). Furthermore, if the covering soil is granular cultivated soil, it is possible to prevent the seed sow from moving, and water permeability in irrigation after covering is good. In addition, if a light soil having a temporary specific gravity of 0.8 or less is used as the floor soil, the seed potatoes are less likely to bounce on the floor soil at the time of sowing, and the orientation of the seed pods is prevented from changing.

  By the way, a seedling receiving frame that receives the end of the mat-like seedling on the seedling mounting base is provided, a seedling receiving opening is provided in the seedling receiving frame, and a left and right moving device that moves the seedling mounting base left and right along the seedling receiving frame is provided. When the stand reaches the left and right moving end, a seedling transfer device is provided to transfer the mat-like seedlings on the seedling mounting platform to the seedling receiving frame side. In the transplanting machine (rice transplanter), which is configured to supply each seedling, and has a seedling planting device that takes seedlings one by one from the seedling outlet and places them on the field, the amount of seedling transfer device per transfer Is set to 6 to 8.5 mm, and if the number of transfers (B) for transferring seedlings with the full length of the seedlings of the seedling transfer device is secured 66 times or more, the number of seedlings required for transplanting to the field is reduced by 40% or more. be able to. Specifically, about 6 seedlings can be transplanted per 1 field (10 are). It should be noted that, by operating the seedling amount adjustment lever in the transplanter, the vertical position of the seedling receiving frame is adjusted to change the amount of seedling (seeding amount) taken by the seedling planting device. It is desirable that the connection between the harvesting adjustment lever and the seedling receiving frame is switched and a small seedling harvesting amount can be appropriately adjusted by the seedling harvesting adjustment lever.

  Moreover, it is desirable that the number of movements (A) in which one seedling is supplied in the full width of the mat-like seedling by the left / right moving device is 24 to 28 times. In addition, the number of seedlings will be 3-5 for one strain by setting the number of times of movement (A) and the number of times of transfer (B). Alternatively, the seeding amount may be set to 220 g per seedling box (2), the seedling period may be set to 20 to 25 days, and the seedlings may be grown and transplanted to a field.

  Next, a sowing amount display device that calculates and displays the weight (X) of seed pods necessary for one seedling box (2) will be described. This seeding amount display device includes the number of transfers (A), the number of transfers (B), the desired number of seedlings per strain (C), and the weight per unit grain number (1000 grains) of seed pods (e). Is input. The total number of seedlings required per seedling is obtained by a value (A × B × C) obtained by multiplying the number of movements (A), the number of transfers (B), and the number of seedlings (C). However, since some of the sowed seed pods do not germinate or may germinate even if they germinate, the seedling establishment rate (d), which is the ratio at which seedlings grown from the sowed seed pods, are obtained in advance. A value (A × B × C ÷ d) obtained by dividing the value multiplied by the seedling establishment rate (d) is set as the total number of necessary seedlings (M). In place of the number of transfers (B), the transfer amount (b) of the seedling transfer device is input, and the transfer number (B) is calculated from the value obtained by dividing the total length (580 mm) of the seedling in the longitudinal direction by the transfer amount (b). It is good also as a structure to obtain. In this case, the calculation may be performed based on the transfer amount (b−b ′) obtained by subtracting the correction value (b ′) in consideration of the slip of the seedling transfer belt of the seedling transfer device.

  In addition, the seed pods to be seeded are subjected to sprouting treatment and absorb water to increase the weight. Therefore, when the seed sprouting, the seed pods absorb water to increase the weight and increase the weight ratio (f). Set in advance. Then, the value obtained by multiplying the total number of seedlings (M) by the weight (e) per unit number of seed grains (1000 grains) and the increased weight ratio (f), and dividing the number of unit grains (1000 grains) ( M × e × f ÷ 1000) is defined as the weight (X) of the seed pod necessary per box of the seedling box (2).

  Summarizing the above calculation into an arithmetic expression, X = (A × B × C × e × f) / (d × 1000). Specifically, the number of movements (A) = 28, the number of transfers (B) = 64.4, the number of seedlings (C) = 3.5, the seedling establishment rate (d) = 0.95, and the weight (e). = 30 g, weight increase rate (f) = 1.25 When the seedling weight (seeding amount) (X) necessary per seedling box (2) is (28 × 64.4 × 3. 5 × 30 × 1.25) / (0.95 × 1000) = about 249 g.

  This seeding amount display device is a portable type, and the number of movements (A), the number of transfer times (B), the number of desired seedlings per strain (C), and seed pods by the input switch of the seeding amount display device Just input the weight (e) per unit grain number (1000 grains), the controller of the sowing amount display device calculates, and the display screen shows the weight of sowing seeds required per seedling box (2) (seeding) (Amount) (X) is displayed. As a result, the operator can easily recognize the optimum seeding amount, prevent the seeding amount from growing due to insufficient seeding, and prevent seedlings from being improperly seeded by excessive dense seeding. So that the sowing accuracy can be improved. The seeding amount display device can be mounted on a seeder (1), which will be described later, or on a transplanter, in addition to being portable.

  Next, a seeding machine (1) that performs flooring, seeding, and covering work will be described. The seeder (1) includes a transport path (3) for transporting the seedling box (2) in one direction, and is supported on the transport path (3) and along the transport path (3). ) In order from the upper side, the seedling box supply device (4) for feeding the seedling boxes (2) stacked in a plurality of layers up and down in order from the lower side and feeding them onto the transport path (3), and the seedling box (2) A floor soil filling device (6) for stuffing floor soil, an irrigation device (29) for irrigating a seedling box (2) stuffed with floor soil, a seeding device (7) for seeding the seedling box (2), and seedling raising A covering device (8) for covering the box (2) is provided. Each of the seedling box supply device (4), the floor soil filling device (6), the seeding device (7), and the soil covering device (8) can be installed independently, independently of the other devices. It is supported by a total of four legs (9, 10). The left and right leg portions (10) on the front side of the soil covering device (8) can be protruded downward from the lower ends of the leg portions (10) via the arms (11) that rotate vertically. ) Are attached, and the seeding machine (1) is easily moved by lifting the seeding machine (1) by lifting the wheel (12) downward and lifting the other leg (9) from the ground. Can do.

  A conveyance path | route (3) is comprised by the left-right conveyance guide (15), and becomes a structure which conveys the seedling box (2) which orient | assigned the longitudinal direction back and forth between this left-right conveyance guide (15). In the conveyance path (3), as a conveyor to be driven, a seedling box supply conveyor (16) and a floor soiling section conveyance conveyor (17) which are belt type seedling box conveyance conveyors, and a roller type seedling box conveyance conveyor The seeding part conveyance conveyor (18) and the soil covering part conveyance conveyor (28) which are these are provided. Then, as a roller-type conveyor that is driven and rotated freely, a pre-flooring conveyor (62) is provided between the nursery box supply unit transporting conveyor (16) and the floor soiling unit transporting conveyor (17). An irrigation section conveyor (63) is provided between the filling section transport conveyor (17) and the sowing section transport conveyor (18), and the pre-soil covering conveyor (64) is provided between the sowing section transport conveyor (18) and the soil covering section transport conveyor (28). ) And a seedling box take-out conveyor (75) is provided on the rear side of the soil covering section conveyor (28).

  The seedling box supply device (4) includes a receiving plate (34) for receiving a group of seedling boxes stacked from above and below from the lower side and a second seedling box (2) from the bottom of the seedling box group. An upper receiving plate (35) received from the lower side and a dropping plate (36) for forcibly dropping the lowest raising seedling box (2) of the nursery box group on the upper receiving plate (35) manually. The seedling box group supplied to the first is handed over to the lower receiving plate (34), and the upper receiving plate (35) is moved from the second seedling box (2) to the upper nursery box (2) from the lower seedling box group. In the supported state, the support of the lowermost seedling box (2) of the seedling box group by the lower receiving plate (34) is released, and in this state, the dropping board (36) lowers the lowermost seedling box (2) from above The seedling box is separated from the group of seedling boxes, dropped and fed out and fed onto the seedling box supply section conveyor (16). It has become lower nursery box the nursery box group from (2) and supplies constructed on nursery box supplying unit conveyor (16) in order by. The lower receiving plate (34), the upper receiving plate (35), and the drop plate (36) are arranged at four positions on the front, rear, left and right sides of the seedling box group so that the respective parts acting on the seedling box group do not overlap in the front-rear direction. The seedling box (2) previously provided on the nursery box supply unit transport conveyor (16), which is provided and operates from the left and right outer sides of the seedling box group, is linked to the operation of the nursery box supply unit transport conveyor (16), and the next It operates so that there is no gap between it and the seedling box (2) to be fed. The transmission structure will be described. Power is transmitted from the output sprocket (95) provided in the seedling box supply motor (94) to the transport transmission chain (96) and the drive sprocket (38), and the transport sprocket is rotated integrally with the drive sprocket (38). The nursery box supply unit transport conveyor (16) is driven via the roller (37) on the side. Then, the drive sprocket (42) is transmitted from the drive sprocket (38) to the first counter shaft (41) through the chain (39) and the driven sprocket (40) and rotates integrally with the first counter shaft (41). ) From the chain (43), the driven sprocket (44) and the one-way clutch to the second countershaft (45), and drive bevel gears provided on the left and right ends of the second countershaft (45) ( 46), the left and right dropping shafts (48) are driven to rotate opposite to each other via the driven bevel gear (47). The dropping shaft (48) and the dropping plate (36) rotate as a unit, and the dropping plate (36) rotates in the direction of moving downward on the left and right inner sides. Further, each receiving plate shaft (52) positioned above the dropping shaft (48) from the other end of the dropping shaft (48) via the arm (49, 51), the link (50) and the like is predetermined. The lower receiving plate (34) and the upper receiving plate (35) that are swung within the angular range and rotate integrally with the receiving plate shaft (52) are swung, and the lower receiving plate (34) and the upper receiving plate (35) are swung. ) Are alternately applied to the seedling box group, and the seedling box group is sequentially lowered. Further, a manual supply lever (53) serving as a manual supply operation tool for manually rotating the second counter shaft (45) is provided, and the manual supply lever (53) allows the operator to arbitrarily supply the seedling box. The nursery box (2) can be dropped and supplied onto the partial transport conveyor (16).

  The floor soil filling device (6) feeds a predetermined amount of the floor soil tank (54) for storing the soil to be used as the floor soil, and drops it into the nursery box (2). Floor soil feeding belt (55) serving as a floor soil feeding tool to be supplied, a leveling brush (19) serving as a leveling tool for leveling floor soil overflowing on the nursery box (2), and a seedling box (2) The floor soil pressure roller (57), which is a floor soil pressure reducing tool that rushes into the floor and compresses the floor soil, and the amount of floor soil that changes and adjusts the amount of floor soil delivered by adjusting the clearance on the floor soil delivery belt (55) A leveling brush (19) is provided on the lower conveyance side of the floor soiling position on the conveyance path (3) on which the floor soil supply belt (55) supplies the floor soil. The floor soil pressure reducing roller (57) is positioned on the lower conveyance side of the leveling brush (19). The transmission structure of the floor soil filling device (6) will be described. The floor soil feeding belt (55) is driven by the floor soil feeding motor (20), and the floor soil feeding belt (55) is leveled through a gear transmission mechanism. The brush (19) is driven. In addition, the lower side of the transport that is transmitted from the output sprocket (97) provided in the floor soil transport motor (21) to the drive sprocket (60) via the transport transmission chain (59) and rotates integrally with the drive sprocket (60). The floor soiling section conveyor (17) is driven by the roller (61). The leveling brush (19) and the floor soil feeding belt (55) rotate in opposite directions. In addition, it is transmitted to a floor soil feeding belt (55), a leveling brush (19), and a floor soiling portion transport conveyor (17) by driving one of the floor soil feeding motor (20) or the floor soil transporting motor (21). It is good also as composition to do.

  The seeding device (7) has a seed tank (68) for storing seeds to be seeded (seed seeds), and intermittently feeds the seeds in the seed tank (68) by a predetermined amount and drops them into the seedling box (2). A seed feeding roller (69) serving as a seed feeding tool having a plurality of feeding grooves at a predetermined pitch on the outer periphery supplied at the sowing position, and the seed feeding roller (69 in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the seed feeding roller (69) ) Of the removal brush (70) for removing unsuitable seeds from the feeding groove and the supply of seeds to the seed feeding roller (69) by adjusting the clearance between the outlet of the seed tank (68) facing the seed feeding roller (69) A seed supply adjustment handle (72) serving as a seed supply adjustment tool for changing and adjusting the state is provided. Therefore, seeds are supplied from the outlet of the seed tank (68) adjusted by the seed supply adjusting handle (72) to the feeding groove of the seed feeding roller (69), and the feeding groove is turned by rotation of the seed feeding roller (69). By moving upward, a predetermined amount of seed is transferred in the feeding groove, and seeds unsuitable for sowing such as seeds with pods, branch stems or seeds with excessive buds are removed from the feeding groove, and the feeding groove Is moved downward by the rotation of the seed feeding roller (69), and drops seeds to the seedling box (2) at the bottom dead center position (seeding position (H)). A guide plate is provided between the removal brush (70) and the sowing position (H) on the outer periphery of the seed feeding roller (69) so as to prevent the seed from dropping from the feeding groove.

  In general, a plurality of feeding grooves of the seed feeding roller (69) are arranged on the outer periphery of the seed feeding roller (69) with a long groove in the left-right direction (the direction of the rotation axis of the seed feeding roller (69)). It has become. When seeding the seedling box (2) with the orientation of the seed pod aligned so that the longitudinal direction (long diameter part) of the seed pod is directed to the longitudinal direction of the seedling box (2), the feeding groove of the seed feeding roller (69) If the configuration is such that a plurality of grooves are arranged on the left and right with long grooves in the direction (the direction of rotation of the seed feeding roller (69)), the longitudinal direction (longer diameter portion) of the seed potato is along the direction of the feeding groove (front-rear direction) and the desired direction You can sow seed pods.

  In addition, when the seed potato is lightly pressed against the soil immediately after sowing, a pressing roller may be provided immediately after the sowing position (H), and the seed potato may be pressed by the pressing roller.

  The transmission configuration of the seeding device (7) will be described. The output sprocket (66) provided in the seeding motor (65) is transmitted to the seed feeding roller (69) through the feeding transmission chain (67), and the output sprocket (66) ) To the removal brush (70) via the first removal chain (73) and the second removal chain (74), and from the output sprocket (66) to the seeding part conveyance conveyor (71) via the conveyance transmission chain (71). 18) is transmitted to the roller (75) on the lower conveyance side, and is transmitted from the roller (75) on the lower conveyance side to the roller (76) on the upper conveyance side via the chain (77). There is a seeding position (H) between the roller (76) on the upper conveyance side and the roller (75) on the lower conveyance side, where the seed feeding roller (69) feeds and supplies seeds. In addition, the first removal chain (73) and the conveyance transmission chain (71) are viewed in a side view so that the removal brush (70) and the sowing part conveyance conveyor (18) and the seed feeding roller (69) rotate in opposite directions. It is wrapped around to intersect. A guide body that covers the feeding groove is provided between the position of the removal brush (70) and the sowing position on the outer periphery of the seed feeding roller (69) so that the seed does not fall off from the feeding groove.

  The soil covering device (8) feeds the soil covering in the soil covering tank (84) for storing the soil to be covered with soil and the soil covering in the soil covering tank (84) by a predetermined amount to the seedling box (2) and supplies it at the soil covering position. Adjusting the gap on the soil covering feeding belt (85), the leveling plate (86) serving as a leveling device for leveling the soil covering overflowing on the nursery box (2), and the clearance on the soil covering feeding belt (85) A soil covering amount adjusting lever that serves as a soil covering amount adjusting tool for changing and adjusting the amount of covering soil, and a leveling plate (8) on the transport lower side of the soil covering position on the transport path (3) on which the soil covering belt (85) supplies the soil covering. 86) is located. The transmission configuration of the soil covering device (8) will be described. The soil covering belt (85) is driven by the soil covering motor (78), and the output sprocket (79) provided on the soil covering motor (78) is passed through the transport transmission chain (80). Then, it is transmitted to the roller (81) on the lower conveyance side of the soil covering section conveyance conveyor (28), and is transmitted from the roller (81) on the lower conveyance side to the roller (82) on the upper conveyance side through the chain (98). There is a soil covering position between the roller (82) on the upper conveyance side and the roller (81) on the lower conveyance side. In addition, the conveyance transmission chain (80) is wound so that it may cross | intersect in a side view so that a covering soil supply belt (85) and a covering soil conveyance conveyor (28) may rotate in a mutually reverse direction.

  On the front leg (10) of the soil covering device (8), a manual transfer handle (92) serving as an operation tool for manually rotating the nursery box transfer conveyor is held via a hook (93). With this manual transfer handle (92), the seeder (1) was stopped when the seeder (1) stopped due to a failure during the sowing with the seeder (7) or to end the seeding operation. At this time, the nursery box (2) can be manually conveyed and the nursery box (2) can be easily taken out from the seeder (1).

  The irrigation device (29) is provided on the upper side of the irrigation unit conveyor (63), and is provided with left and right support frames (100) respectively rising from the left and right conveyance guides (15) of the irrigation unit conveyor (63), and is arranged on the left and right. The left and right irrigation pipes (99) having a plurality of nozzles are both supported by the left and right support frames (100). The irrigation pipe (99), that is, the irrigation position, is arranged at a position closer to the conveyance of the irrigation unit conveyor (63).

  Each conveyor of the pre-flooring conveyor (62), the irrigation section conveyor (63), the pre-soiling conveyor (64), and the nursery box take-out conveyor (75) is well transported at the front and rear ends of the left and right transport guides (15). By the fitting member (101) which fits into the apparatus of the side and conveyance lower side, it is provided so that attachment or detachment is possible independently with respect to the seeder (1) main body. Therefore, the irrigation device (29) is arranged between the sowing device (7) and the soil covering device (8) by assembling the irrigation part conveyor (63) between the seeding device (7) and the soil covering device (8). Can do. Or it can also be set as the structure which irrigates after soil covering by assembling the irrigation part conveyor (63) to the back side of the soil covering apparatus (8).

  When the irrigation device (29) is disposed between the seeding device (7) and the soil covering device (8), the conveyor before covering soil (29) is provided so that the space between the irrigation device (29) and the soil covering device (8) is sufficiently obtained. 64) is preferably assembled on the rear side of the irrigation section conveyor (63), or the pre-soil covering conveyor (64) assembled on the rear side of the irrigation device (29) is replaced with a long conveyor. As a result, even if the paddy soil with poor water absorption is used for the floor soil, the irrigation of the irrigation device (29) can be permeated into the floor soil, and the soil can be covered with the water on the upper surface of the floor soil, so The sow seeds are less likely to be oxygen deficient, and a stable germination rate is obtained. Moreover, it is good also as a structure which can extend / contract the pre-soil-covering conveyor (64) by comprising the non-driving roller in front of the soil covering conveyor (64), and setting it as the structure which can mount this non-driving roller to arbitrary positions. When the irrigation device (29) is disposed between the floor soil filling device (6) and the seeding device (7), the irrigation device (29) and the seeding device (7) are disposed for the same reason as described above. It is desirable to lengthen the conveyor.

  The upper end opening of the soil covering tank (84) is provided lower than the upper end opening of the seed tank (68), and the upper end opening of the floor soil tank (54) is provided lower than the upper end opening of the soil covering tank (84). ing. As a result, since the amount of use is large, an operator must frequently supply floor soil to the floor soil tank (54) with a scoop. This floor soil supply operation can be easily performed at a low level, and then the cover soil having a high supply frequency is used. The covering soil supply operation to the tank (84) can be easily performed. In addition, since the opening at the upper end of the seed tank (68) is high, it is possible to prevent the floor or cover soil from being accidentally supplied to the seed tank (68) when performing the floor soil supply operation or the cover soil supply operation. The seeding device (7) can be prevented from malfunctioning due to the supply of soil.

  The floor soil tank (54) is supported via a deformable rubber elastic body (113), and swings with its weight each time the operator supplies the floor soil. Thereby, the bridging phenomenon of the floor soil in the floor soil tank (54) can be prevented, and when the soil which is likely to cause the bridging phenomenon such as paddy soil is used as the floor soil, the floor soil can be properly fed out. The floor soil tank (54) can be shaken by the operator touching the floor soil tank (54) with a scoop or the like.

  In addition, when performing seeding work on a seedling box (110) whose left and right width is smaller than the left and right width of the conveyor (less than 30 cm), as shown in FIG. The regulation guide (112) may be attached to regulate the left and right positions of the nursery box (110) on the conveyor. At this time, the seeds fed out by the seeding device (7) are wasted at the left and right side portions, so that the receiving container (111) for receiving the seeds is disposed at the position on the left and right sides below the seeding device (7). do it.

  In addition, when seeding the seedling trays arranged vertically and horizontally with the seeding machine (1), a seeding hole drilling roller is provided in front of the seeding position (H) of the seeding device (7). A perforation protrusion (120) for forming a seeding hole on the outer periphery of the seeding hole drilling roller is provided corresponding to each cell. As shown in the figure, the perforation protrusion (120) has a shape having an inclined surface (122) around the flat surface (121) at the lower end, and is a sowing hole formed on the upper surface of the floor soil. By flattening the bottom surface, seeds can be stably sown in the sowing hole. In addition, when seeding a coated seed such as an onion seed, a seed split roller for disassembling the seed coating material sowed can be provided on the rear side of the sowing position (H) of the sowing device (7). . This seed split roller is also provided with a seed split protrusion (123) corresponding to each cell for decomposing the seed coating material seeded on the outer periphery. Since the seed split protrusion (123) has the same shape as the perforated protrusion (120), the load when disassembling the seed coating material is reduced, and the seeding machine (1) is operated at high speed. Vibration can be suppressed, and a common part can be used for the perforation protrusion (120).

  As described above, in this seedling raising method, the seedling box (2) having an internal area of 1800 square centimeters or less is stuffed with the soil containing the silicic acid component, and seedlings of 180 g or more per box are seeded, covered, and grown. . Therefore, seedlings can be seeded over the entire surface of the seedling box (2) so that seedlings can be laid out and the number of seedlings can be maximized by dense seeding, so that the number of seedlings required for transplanting to the field can be reduced, saving labor. And cost reduction.

  Also, when sowing, sow the seeds in the same direction. Therefore, the seed pods can be efficiently laid and spread over substantially the entire surface of the seedling box (2) so that the seed pods do not overlap one above the other, and the degree of dense sowing can be increased.

  In addition, after the sowing seed potatoes are pressed against the soil, they are covered with soil. Therefore, it is possible to suppress seedling seed rolls from rolling on the seedling box (2) and change the direction of the seed seeds, and to spread seedlings over the entire surface of the seedling box (2) efficiently so as not to overlap the seed seeds more securely. it can.

  In addition, the seedling box (2) is filled with soil with a nitrogen content of 0.25 g / kg or less and sown, and the nitrogen content is 0.25 g / kg or more and the fertilizer content is 0.4 g / kg or more. And the soil which has the granular fertilizer by which coating was given to a part of fertilizer is covered with soil. Therefore, since there is less fertilizer of floor soil than covering soil, rooting can be promoted in the floor soil portion, and a desired mat seedling can be formed even if the seedling raising period is short. And the fertilizing effect can be made effective gradually by the granular fertilizer with which coating was given, and it can raise seedling satisfactorily even if a seedling raising period is long while preventing a germination rate fall.

  In addition, the sowing amount display device is provided with a seedling receiving frame that receives an end of a mat-like seedling on the seedling mounting table, a seedling receiving port is provided in the seedling receiving frame, and the left and right movement is performed to move the seedling mounting table left and right along the seedling receiving frame. A device is provided, and a seedling transfer device is provided for transferring the mat-shaped seedling on the seedling mounting table to the seedling receiving frame side when the seedling mounting table reaches the left and right moving end. It is configured to supply seedlings one by one sequentially to the exit, and the mat-like seedlings are transferred by a left and right moving device in a transplanter equipped with a seedling planting device that takes seedlings one by one from the seedling outlet and places them in the field. The number of movements (A) for supplying seedlings for one strain in the left and right full width, the number of transfers for transferring seedlings over the entire length of seedlings in the seedling transfer device (B), and the number of desired seedlings per strain (C) From the weight per seed grain (e) of seed pods, the required seed varieties per seedling box (2) And it displays the computed amount (X). Therefore, based on the seed weight (X) necessary per seedling seedling box (2) to be displayed, it is possible to easily sow the necessary amount of seed pods, and at the time of transplantation in the field due to insufficient seeding amount In addition to preventing the occurrence of planting missing lines, it is possible to prevent seedlings from becoming inappropriate due to excessive dense seeding, and sowing accuracy can be improved.

  Also, taking into account the seedling establishment rate (d), which is the proportion of seedlings grown from the sowed seed pods, and the increased weight rate (f) in a state where the seed pods absorb moisture when sprouting and the weight increases. The weight (X) of the seed pod required per box of the seedling box (2) is calculated and displayed. Therefore, the weight (X) of the seed pod necessary per one seedling box (2) can be displayed with high accuracy, and the sowing accuracy can be further improved.

Claims (2)

A transport path (3) for transporting a nursery box (2) having an internal area of 1800 square centimeters or less in one direction, and a floor padding device provided in order from the upper transport side of the nursery box (2) on the transport device (3) (6) A seeding device (7) and a soil covering device (8) are provided, and in the transport path (3), a floor soiling portion transport conveyor (17), a seeding portion transport conveyor (18), and a soil covering portion transport conveyor ( 28)
An irrigation section conveyor (63) and a pre-covering section conveyor (64) are provided in order from the upper transfer side of the seedling box (2) between the sowing section transport conveyor (18) and the covering soil transport conveyor (28). 63) Using the seeding machine (1) provided with the irrigation device (29) on the upper side of the seedling box (2), the seedling box (2) has a silicic acid component and a nitrogen component amount of 0. . Light soil with 25g / kg or less and temporary specific gravity of 0.8 or less is packed in floor soil with a thickness of 10 to 18mm, so that seeding device (7) does not pile up over 180g of seed potatoes per box. The seedling box (2) is spread on the entire surface and sown, irrigated by the irrigation device (29), and the length of the pre-soil conveyor (64) is changed and adjusted so that the irrigation by the irrigation device (29) can be performed. Covering the floor soil and covering it with water on the top surface of the floor soil According to (8), while containing a nitrogen component amount of 0.25 g / kg or more and a fertilizer component up to 0.4 g / kg, the fertilizer containing a granular fertilizer coated with the fertilizer component exceeding 0.4 g / kg. Covering the soil
The length of the seedlings that are grown over a period of time that is about halfway between the nursling and the young seedlings and that is about halfway between the nurslings and the young seedlings is 10 to 12 cm. A method for raising seedlings characterized in that the period is from day 18 to day 18 . The seedling raising method according to claim 1, wherein when sowing, the seed pods are sown in the same direction, and the sown seed pods are pressed against the cultivation soil and then covered with soil .

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