JP7195973B2 - Forward/backward steering device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a forward/backward steering system.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a water jet propulsion type vessel draws up seawater using, for example, a water jet pump, injects the seawater from an injection portion of the hull, and propels forward and backward using the reaction force as the propulsion force. A forward/backward steering system is known as a device for controlling the forward, backward, and turning movements of such a ship. A nozzle that jets backward, a steering duct that is rotatable and allows the water jetted from the nozzle to circulate inside and flow out by switching between a rear opening and a lower opening, and a water flowing out from the lower opening. and a louver blade that flows forward in the traveling direction.

In the forward/reverse steering apparatus as disclosed in Patent Document 1, when the hull is moved forward, the outflow destination of the water jetted from the nozzle is the rear opening. In this case, the hull moves forward using the reaction force when the water flows backward as the propulsion force. In addition, the forward/rearward steering device rotates the steering duct by extending and retracting the forward/reverse cylinder, thereby switching the direction of water flowing out from the rear opening. In other words, when the forward/reverse cylinder is retracted, the forward/reverse switching bucket opens the rear opening of the steering duct and closes the lower opening of the steering duct, causing the water jet to flow backward and This causes the hull to move forward.

Further, when the hull is moved backward, the forward/backward steering device switches the outflow destination of the water jetted from the nozzle to the lower opening. As a result, the water flowing out from the lower opening is rectified by the louver blades and flows forward. In this case, the hull moves backward using the reaction force when the water flows forward as the propulsion force. That is, by extending the forward/reverse cylinder, the forward/reverse switching bucket closes the rear opening of the steering duct and opens the lower opening, causing the water jet to flow downward and forward, thereby moving backward.

Steering cylinders are provided on both sides of the forward and backward cylinders (driving rods), and the steering nozzle turns left and right by extending and contracting these steering cylinders. For example, when the forward/reverse switching bucket is tilted to the left in the direction of travel, the water jet is ejected to the left and the hull turns to the left.

JP 2017-136993 A

However, the conventional forward/backward steering system has the following problems.
That is, in the conventional forward/backward steering device 100 shown in FIGS. 9(a) and 9(b), when the steering duct 101 is turned by using the pair of left and right steering cylinders 103 and 104, the front and rear wheels in the neutral position before turning are turned. The cylinder length of the advancing cylinder 102 (first cylinder length L1) and the cylinder length of the forward/backward advancing cylinder 102 after turning (second cylinder length L2) are different. In other words, when the second cylinder length L2 becomes shorter than the first cylinder length L1, a load such as tension is applied to the forward/reverse switching bucket, causing fluttering.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a forward/reverse steering apparatus capable of suppressing flapping of a forward/reverse switching bucket during forward movement.

In order to achieve the above object, a forward/backward steering device according to one aspect of the present invention includes a nozzle that injects water rearward in the direction of travel of a hull, and a steering device that can turn around a turning shaft that is parallel to the vertical direction. is connected to the nozzle, and has a rear opening and a lower opening at a rear end in the traveling direction and a lower part in the vertical direction, respectively. and a forward/reverse switching bucket that switches an outflow destination of water circulating inside the steering duct between the rear opening and the lower opening. and a driving device for applying a driving force for switching the forward/reverse switching bucket, wherein the driving device includes a horizontal shaft perpendicular to the traveling direction and provided on a horizontal first rotating shaft; and the vertical axis provided on the second rotating shaft, and the vertical axis provided on the second rotating shaft. arranged to overlap.

According to the forward/reverse steering device according to the aspect described above, the driving device for switching the forward/reverse switching bucket can be bent around the second rotation shaft by the vertical axis of the biaxial joint, and the vertical axis is the steering duct. Since it is arranged on the extension line of the pivot shaft, the driving device behind the biaxial joint can be pivoted about the same center of rotation as the pivot shaft of the steering duct. Therefore, the forward/reverse switching bucket connected to one end of the driving device can also be turned on the same track in conjunction with the turning of the steering duct.
In this way, when the turning shaft is provided in the middle part of the driving device in the longitudinal direction, by providing the driving device with a biaxial joint like the forward/reverse steering device of this aspect, it is possible to achieve both neutral and turning motions. The difference in the length of the driving device can be kept small. Therefore, when the steering duct turns, the moment acting on the driving device for driving the forward/reverse switching bucket can be reduced, and forward/backward switching can be performed when the difference in the length of the driving device between the neutral state and the turning state is large. No load is applied to the bucket, and it is possible to suppress the flapping of the forward/backward switching bucket during forward movement, thereby preventing vibration and noise of the hull.

Further, in the above-described forward and backward steering device, the drive device includes a telescopic first drive rod having one end connected to the nozzle side of the hull and the other end connected to the biaxial joint, and the two shafts. a joint and a second drive rod connected to the forward/reverse switching bucket, wherein the forward/reverse switching bucket is moved between the rear opening and the lower opening by extending and contracting the first driving rod. It is good also as a structure which switches.

In this case, the second drive rod rotates about the vertical axis that overlaps the extension of the rotation axis, and the expansion and contraction of the first drive rod enables smooth switching of the forward/reverse switching bucket via the second drive rod. be able to.

Further, the forward/reverse steering device may include a connecting arm having one end connected to the biaxial joint and the other end connected to the forward/reverse switching bucket.

In this case, the forward/reverse switching bucket that performs the switching operation can be supported not only by the drive rod but also by the connecting arm. Therefore, there is an advantage that a stable supporting force can be obtained by suppressing swinging and fluttering of the forward/reverse switching bucket at the time of switching.

Further, in the above-described forward and backward steering device, a support opening through which the drive device can be inserted is formed in the rear wall of the hull to which the nozzle is connected, and the drive device is inserted through the support opening from the inner side of the ship. The driving device may be supported by the rear wall of the hull in a state in which the rod tip end of the driving device has a cross-sectional shape smaller than that of the support opening.

In this case, since the tip of the rod arranged behind the rear wall of the hull has a smaller cross-sectional shape than the support opening formed in the rear wall of the hull, the driving device can be pulled out through the support opening toward the inside of the ship. . Therefore, it is possible to easily remove the driving device for maintenance.

According to the forward/reverse steering apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to suppress the flapping of the forward/reverse switching bucket during forward movement.

1 is a partial vertical cross-sectional view of a forward/reverse steering device according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing a state during forward movement; FIG. FIG. 4 is a partial vertical cross-sectional view of the forward/reverse steering device with a part cut away, showing a state during reverse operation; 1 is a side view of a forward/backward steering device; FIG. It is the top view which looked at the forward/reverse steering device from above. FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a main portion, partly cut away, showing a state in which a pair of steering cylinders are used to turn a steering duct in the forward/reverse steering device shown in FIG. 4 ; It is a figure which showed typically turning operation|movement of a steering duct, (a) is a neutral position, (b) is a left turning position, (c) is a right turning position. FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a main portion of the driving device of the forward/reverse steering device shown in FIG. 4; It is the figure which showed the positional relationship of the vertical pin of the rotating shaft and the biaxial joint of a drive device. It is a figure which showed typically turning operation|movement of the conventional steering duct, (a) is a neutral position, (b) is a counterclockwise turning position.

A forward/reverse steering system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. This embodiment shows one aspect of the present invention, does not limit the present invention, and can be arbitrarily changed within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a forward/rearward steering system 1 according to the present embodiment is used in a water jet propulsion type ship, and is used to perform switching control between forward and reverse, turning control, and the like. The forward/reverse steering device 1 is attached to a jetting portion 10, such as a water jet pump arranged at the stern, which jets water backward from the hull.
The forward/reverse steering device 1 includes a nozzle 2 , a steering duct 3 , a forward/reverse switching bucket 4 , and a drive device 5 .

Here, in the following description, the terms "forward" and "rearward" refer to directions relative to the traveling direction of the ship. When describing the vertical direction, it means upward and downward in the vertical direction. In the following description, the direction along the traveling direction is defined as a front-rear direction X1, and the direction orthogonal to the front-rear direction X1 as viewed from above is defined as a left-right direction X2.

The nozzle 2 jets water rearward in the traveling direction of the hull. The nozzle 2 has an inlet 2a for introducing water jetted from the hull, and an ejection port 2b for jetting the introduced water. The nozzle 2 is formed so that the diameter of the ejection port 2b is smaller than the diameter of the introduction port 2a. A part of the hull-side structure, such as an impeller that constitutes a water jet pump, is arranged on the inlet 2a side of the nozzle 2 . The diameter of the inlet 2a is set according to the dimensions of the impeller or the like arranged in the nozzle 2 .

The nozzle 2 is fixed to a rear surface 11a of a hull rear wall 11 that partitions the inside and outside of the ship. Specifically, a flange 21 projecting radially outward from the outer peripheral edge of the front end of the nozzle 2 is provided, and the flange 21 is brought into contact with the rear surface 11a of the rear wall 11 of the hull and bolted.

The steering duct 3 is formed, for example, in the shape of a straight pipe, and is connected to the ejection port 2b side of the nozzle 2 . The steering duct 3 circulates the water injected from the nozzle 2 inside. The steering duct 3 has a rear opening 3a and a lower opening 3b. The rear opening 3a is formed at the rear of the steering duct 3 in the traveling direction of the hull. The rear opening 3a allows the water flowing inside the steering duct 3 to flow out rearward. The lower opening 3b is formed vertically downward in the steering duct 3. As shown in FIG. The water flowing inside the steering duct 3 flows downward through the lower opening 3b.

The steering duct 3 is connected to the nozzle 2 via an upper shaft member 31 and a lower shaft member 32, as shown in FIGS. The upper shaft member 31 connects the upper portions of the nozzle 2 and the steering duct 3 . The lower shaft member 32 connects the nozzle 2 and the lower part of the steering duct 3 . The upper shaft member 31 and the lower shaft member 32 are formed, for example, in a columnar shape, and are arranged such that their central axes coincide with each other in the vertical direction. The steering duct 3 is supported so as to be able to turn around a turning axis C<b>1 coinciding with the central axes of the upper shaft member 31 and the lower shaft member 32 .

As shown in FIG. 4, the steering duct 3 is connected to a pair of left and right steering cylinders 51 and 52, which are the driving device 5 for turning. These steering cylinders 51 and 52 are drive sources for rotating the steering duct 3 around the axis of the turning shaft C1. The steering cylinders 51 and 52 rotate the steering duct 3 around the axis of the turning axis C1, thereby controlling the flow direction of the water flowing out from the rear opening 3a or the lower opening 3b (see FIG. 1) of the steering duct 3. can be controlled.

The steering duct 3 is provided with a rearward projecting portion 33 and a downward projecting portion 34, as shown in FIGS. The rear projecting portion 33 is formed in a state in which wall portions on both sides in the traveling direction project rearward from the rear opening portion 3a. Further, the downward projecting portion 34 is formed in a state in which the wall portions on both sides in the traveling direction project downward from the lower opening portion 3b. In FIGS. 1 and 2, only the rearward projecting portion 33 and the downward projecting portion 34 on the far side are illustrated, but the rearward projecting portion 33 and the downward projecting portion 34 are similarly provided on the near side.

A straightening section 35 is provided on the downward projecting section 34 . The straightening section 35 straightens the water flowing out from the lower opening 3b so as to flow forward in the traveling direction of the hull. The straightening section 35 has a plurality of louver blades 36 . The louver blades 36 are arranged side by side at a predetermined interval in the traveling direction in the lower opening 3b. Each louver blade 36 is fixed to the downward projecting portion 34 of the steering duct 3 . A space between adjacent louver blades 36, 36 serves as a flow path for water flowing out from the lower opening 3b.

The forward/reverse switching bucket 4 switches the outflow destination of the water circulating inside the steering duct 3 between the rear opening 3a and the lower opening 3b. The forward/reverse switching bucket 4 has a flap member 41 and a connecting member 42 . The flap member 41 is formed in a plate-like shape, and is formed to have dimensions capable of closing the rear opening 3a and the lower opening 3b.

The connecting member 42 connects the flap member 41 and the steering duct 3 . The connecting member 42 is connected to each rear projecting portion 33 of the steering duct 3 via a shaft member 43 . As shown in FIG. 3 , a connecting member 42 is connected to the rear protruding portion 33 via a shaft member 43 . Each shaft member 43 is formed, for example, in a columnar shape, and is arranged so that its central axis is aligned in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction of the hull and parallel to the horizontal direction. The connecting member 42 is supported so as to be rotatable around the axis of a rotating shaft C<b>2 (see FIG. 3 ) that coincides with the central axis of the shaft member 43 .

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the forward/reverse switching bucket 4 is connected to the steering duct 3 by connecting arms 6 from both left and right sides. The connecting arm 6 is provided to assist the switching operation of the forward/reverse switching bucket 4 between the first position P<b>1 and the second position P<b>2 by the forward/reverse cylinder 53 of the driving device 5 . The connecting arm 6 includes a first arm 61 supported by the driving device 5 and a second arm 62 connecting and supporting the first arm 61 and the forward/reverse switching bucket 4 .

The first arm 61 has a pair of vertical members 63 , 63 and a horizontal member 64 that connects the upper portions of the pair of vertical members 63 . The horizontal member 64 is arranged to extend in the left-right direction X2 so as to traverse above the steering duct 3 . A biaxial joint 7 of the driving device 5 is provided at the center of the horizontal member 64 in the longitudinal direction, coaxially with the turning axis C1 of the steering duct 3 at the neutral position T0. The biaxial joint 7 is connected with a rod end 53a of a forward/reverse cylinder 53, which will be described later.

The pair of vertical members 63 , 63 have their upper ends fixed to the longitudinal ends of the horizontal member 64 , and their lower ends rotatable around the first connecting shafts 6 a provided on both side surfaces of the rear projection 33 of the steering duct 3 . Supported. The first arm 61 rotates about the first connecting shaft 6a by the extension/contraction drive of the forward/reverse cylinder 53 . That is, the first arm 61 tilts forward about the first connecting shaft 6a when the forward/reverse cylinder 53 is contracted, and tilts rearward about the first connecting shaft 6a when it is extended.

At an intermediate portion of the second arm 62 in the arm length direction, a sliding engagement portion is slidably supported by guide guides (not shown) extending in the front-rear direction X1 on both side surfaces of the rear projection portion 33 of the steering duct 3. 37 (see FIG. 4) are provided. The second arm 62 is provided so as to be slidable in the front-rear direction X1 while being guided by a guide. The second arm 62 has a front end 62a rotatably connected to the lower end of the vertical member 63 of the first arm 61 via the first connecting shaft 6a, and a rear end 62b extending from the length of the connecting member 42 of the forward/reverse switching bucket 4. It is rotatably connected to an intermediate portion in the width direction via a second connecting shaft 6b. The rotation centers of the first connecting shaft 6a and the second connecting shaft 6b are parallel to each other and coincide in a direction orthogonal to the front-rear direction X1.

As shown in FIG. 4, the driving device 5 includes a pair of left and right steering cylinders 51 and 52, and a forward/reverse cylinder 53 (drive rod, first and a biaxial joint 7 to which the rod end 53a of the forward/reverse cylinder 53 is connected, and a link rod 54 (drive rod, second driving rod) and

Support pieces 38 are provided on both left and right sides of the upper front end of the rear projection 33 to support rod ends 51a and 52a of the left and right steering cylinders 51 and 52, respectively.
As shown in FIG. 5, the steering cylinders 51 and 52 and the forward/reverse cylinder 53 are arranged in the left-right direction X2, and are supported by being inserted through a support opening 11b passing through the rear wall 11 of the hull from the inside of the ship. there is Each of the rod base ends 51b, 52b, 53b is rotatably supported by the rear wall 11 of the hull via a rod support plate 55 having a spherical seat 55a. The rod base ends 51b, 52b, 53b are arranged on the inner side of the rear wall 11 of the hull. Further, each rod tip 51a, 52a, 53a is provided with a cross-sectional shape smaller than that of the support opening 11b.

The rod ends 51a and 52a of the steering cylinders 51 and 52 are connected to the support piece 38 on the upper front end of the steering duct 3, respectively. The connecting portions 56A and 56B of the rod ends 51a and 52a of the steering cylinders 51 and 52 are provided at symmetrical positions with respect to the turning axis C1 in the left-right direction X2 when they are not turned at the neutral position T0. In the driving device 5, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6(a) to (c), one of the steering cylinders 51 and 52 is extended and the other is contracted to change the length of the left and right rods. , the steering duct 3 can be turned around the turning axis C1. Here, in the steering duct 3, a position turned left with respect to the neutral position T0 is called a left turned position T1, and a position turned right is called a right turned position T2.
Further, since the steering cylinders 51 and 52 are supported by the rear wall 11 of the hull via the spherical seat 55a, the rod ends 51a and 52a that turn and move together with the steering duct 3 are located at the connection position (the connection position of the support piece 38). , so as to be rotatable about the spherical seat 55a.

The forward/reverse cylinder 53 is connected above the connecting member 42 . The forward/reverse cylinder 53 is a drive source for rotating the connecting member 42 around the axis of the rotating shaft C2. By rotating the connecting member 42 about the axis of the rotating shaft C2, the driving device 5 changes the position of the flap member 41 to the first position P1 that closes the lower opening 3b and the first position P1 that closes the rear opening 3a. It is possible to switch to the second position P2 and arrange it.

As shown in FIG. 7, the rod tip end 53a of the forward/reverse cylinder 53 is formed with a through hole 53c through which a lateral pin 71, which will be described later, can be inserted, and is connected to the biaxial joint 7 provided on the connecting arm 6. As shown in FIG. A connecting portion of the rod end 53a of the forward/reverse cylinder 53 is a lateral pin 71 of the biaxial joint 7, which will be described later. By extending and contracting the forward/reverse cylinder 53, the position of the connecting arm 6 can be moved in the forward/rearward direction X1 together with the biaxial joint 7. As shown in FIG.

4, the forward/reverse cylinder 53 is supported by the hull rear wall 11 via a rod support plate 55 having a spherical seat 55a (see FIG. 5). Therefore, the forward/reverse cylinder 53 pivots together with the steering duct 3 and moves up and down together with the connecting arm 6 so that the rod tip 53a is aligned with the connection position (the position of the horizontal pin 71) and pivots on the spherical seat 55a. It is rotatably provided.

As shown in FIG. 7, the biaxial joint 7 has a first rotating shaft C3 whose center of rotation is the horizontal direction X2, and a second rotating shaft C4 whose center of rotation is a direction orthogonal to the first rotating shaft C3. , has The biaxial joint 7 connects the rod end 53a of the forward/reverse cylinder 53, and includes a first joint 72 having a horizontal pin 71 (horizontal shaft) provided on the first rotation shaft C3, and a first joint 72 of the connecting arm 6. and a second joint 74 that is fixed to the arm 61 and has a vertical pin 73 (vertical axis) provided on the second rotation axis C4 with respect to the first joint 72 .

The first joint 72 has a horizontal pin joint portion 72A having an insertion hole 72a through which the horizontal pin 71 can be inserted and a pair of locking pieces 721, 721 arranged with a space therebetween, and a vertical pin 73 can be inserted. and a vertical pin joint portion 72B having an insertion hole 72b. The first joint 72 has a U-shape when viewed from above, and has a horizontal pin joint portion 72A at one end on the free end side and a vertical pin joint portion 72B at the other end. The rod end 53a of the forward/reverse cylinder 53 is fitted between the pair of locking pieces 721, 721, and the horizontal pin 71 is inserted with the respective insertion holes coaxial. Thereby, the rod tip end 53a and the first joint 72 are provided so as to be relatively rotatable around the horizontal pin 71 (the first rotation axis C3) as the center of rotation.

One end of the second joint 74 is fixed to the front surface 64a of the horizontal member 64 of the first arm 61 of the connecting arm 6 with a bolt, and the other end of the second joint 74 has an insertion hole 74a through which the vertical pin 73 can be inserted. , 741 (see FIG. 1). The vertical pin joint portion 72B of the first joint 72 is inserted between the pair of connecting pieces 741, 741, and the vertical pin 73 is inserted with the respective insertion holes 72b, 74a coaxial. Accordingly, the first joint 72 and the second joint 74 are provided so as to be relatively rotatable about the vertical pin 73 (the second rotation axis C4).

As shown in FIG. 8, the vertical pin 73 is arranged so that the vertical pin 73 overlaps the turning axis C1 during forward movement. That is, the vertical pin 73 is arranged on the extension line of the turning axis C1. This range R is a region between the rearmost end portion 73a and the frontmost end portion 73b of the vertical pin 73 in the front-rear direction X1 in FIG.

The front end portion 54a of the link rod 54 is connected to the rear surface 64b of the horizontal member 64 of the first arm 61 of the connecting arm 6 by a first pin 541 so as to be rotatable about the left-right direction X2, and the rear end portion 54b of the link rod 54b extends forward and backward. It is connected by a second pin 542 to the front end portion 42a of the connecting member 42 of the forward switching bucket 4 so as to be rotatable about the left-right direction X2 as the center of rotation.

Next, the operation of the forward/reverse steering device 1 configured as described above will be described with reference to the drawings.
A water jet propulsion type ship equipped with the forward/backward steering device 1 shown in FIGS. do. When the boat is to be moved forward, the flap member 41 is arranged at the first position P1 in the forward/backward steering device 1 . In this case, water jetted from the jet portion 10 is jetted from the nozzle 2 into the steering duct 3, flows through the steering duct 3, and flows out from the rear opening 3a. For this reason, it moves forward by using the reaction force when the water flows backward as the propulsion force.

Further, by turning the steering duct 3 to switch the outflow direction of the water flowing out from the rear opening 3a, the hull can be turned in the horizontal direction X2.
When turning the hull in the horizontal direction X2, it can be done by extending and retracting the pair of left and right steering cylinders 51 and 52 of the driving device 5, as shown in FIGS. 6(a) to 6(c). That is, as shown in FIG. 6(b), when turning the hull to the left in the direction of travel, the left steering cylinder 51 is retracted with respect to the neutral position T0 shown in FIG. 6(a). , the steering cylinder 52 on the right side is extended to turn the steering duct 3 leftward in the traveling direction with respect to the hull (left turn position T1). On the other hand, when the hull is to turn to the right, as shown in FIG. 6(c), the left steering cylinder 51 is extended and the right steering cylinder 52 is contracted, thereby moving the steering duct 3 to the hull. to the right in the traveling direction (right turning position T2).

At this time, the link rod 54 connected to the biaxial joint 7 via the connecting arm 6 (first arm 61) also rotates about the second rotation axis C4 of the vertical pin 73 as the steering duct 3 and the forward/reverse switching bucket 4 turn. It will rotate around the center. That is, the link rod 54 is bent in the left-right direction X2 at the position of the vertical pin 73 of the biaxial joint 7 with respect to the rod axial direction of the forward/reverse cylinder 53 .

Next, when the boat is to be moved backward, the flap member 41 is arranged at the second position P2 in the forward/backward steering device 1, as shown in FIGS. As a result, the rear opening 3 a of the steering duct 3 is closed by the flap member 41 and the louver blades 36 .

When water is injected from the injection portion 10 in this state, a water stream is ejected from the nozzle 2 into the steering duct 3 as shown in FIG. The water flow W1 flows through the steering duct 3, is guided toward the lower opening 3b by the flap member 41, and flows out from the lower opening 3b. Then, it flows through the flow path of the straightening section 35 and flows forward as a water flow W2. Therefore, it moves backward using the reaction force when the water flow W2 flows forward as the driving force.

Next, the operation of the forward/reverse steering device described above will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.
In the forward/reverse steering apparatus 1 according to this embodiment, as shown in FIG. Further, the vertical pin 73 is arranged at a position overlapping the extension of the turning axis C1 of the steering duct 3 (see FIG. 8), so that the link rod 54 behind the biaxial joint 7 is connected to the steering duct 3 can be turned around the center of rotation that is substantially the same as the turning axis C1. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 6(a) to 6(c), the forward/reverse switching bucket 4 connected to one end of the link rod 54 should also be turned on the same trajectory in conjunction with the turning of the steering duct 3. can be done.

Thus, in this embodiment, by providing the biaxial joint 7 between the forward/reverse cylinder 53 and the link rod 54, the length of the rod (in this embodiment, the forward/backward cylinder 53 length from the base end portion 53b of the link rod 54 to the rear end portion 54b of the link rod 54).
Therefore, in this embodiment, it is possible to reduce the moment acting on the forward/reverse cylinder 53 and the link rod 54 that drive the forward/reverse switching bucket 4 when the steering duct 3 is turning. A load is not applied to the forward/backward switching bucket 4 unlike when the difference in length is large, and the flapping of the forward/backward switching bucket 4 during forward movement can be suppressed, and vibration and noise of the hull can be prevented.

In addition, in the forward/reverse steering device 1 according to the present embodiment, the link rod 54 rotates about the vertical pin 73 that overlaps the extension of the turning axis C1 as a rotation axis, and the forward/backward movement of the cylinder 53 causes the forward/backward movement of the link rod 54 to move forward and backward. The forward switching bucket 4 can be switched smoothly.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the forward/reverse switching bucket 4 that performs the switching operation can be supported not only by the link rod 54 but also by the connecting arm 6 . Therefore, there is an advantage that a stable supporting force can be obtained by suppressing swinging and fluttering of the forward/reverse switching bucket 4 at the time of switching.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the rod tip end 53a of the forward/reverse cylinder 53 arranged behind the rear wall 11 of the hull is smaller than the support opening formed in the rear wall 11 of the hull. Because of the cross-sectional shape, it is possible to pull out the forward/reverse cylinder 53 from the support opening toward the shipboard side. Therefore, it is possible to easily remove the forward/reverse cylinder 53 for maintenance.

As described above, in the forward/reverse steering device 1 according to the present embodiment, it is possible to suppress the flapping of the forward/backward switching bucket 4 during forward movement.

Although the embodiments of the forward/backward steering system according to the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and can be modified as appropriate without departing from the scope of the invention.

For example, in the present embodiment, the biaxial joint 7 is provided on the lateral member 64 of the first arm 61 of the connecting arm 6, but it is not limited to this member, and the steering duct 3 is not limited to this member. It may be provided in a part.

In addition, in this embodiment, the connecting arm 6 having one end connected to the biaxial joint 7 and the other end connected to the forward/reverse switching bucket 4 is provided, but the connecting arm 6 may be omitted. . If the connecting arm 6 is omitted, for example, the biaxial joint 7 may be provided above the steering duct 3 and the link rod 54 may be connected to the biaxial joint 7 .

Further, the position of the vertical pin 73 of the biaxial joint 7 may be any position as long as the vertical pin 73 overlaps the turning axis C1 during forward movement.

Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the rod ends 51a, 52a, 53a of the steering cylinders 51, 52 and the forward/reverse cylinder 53 are set to have a cross-sectional shape smaller than the support opening 11b formed in the rear wall 11 of the hull. However, it is not limited to this.

In addition, it is possible to appropriately replace the components in the above-described embodiments with well-known components without departing from the scope of the present invention, and the above-described embodiments may be combined as appropriate.

Reference Signs List 1 forward/reverse steering device 2 nozzle 3 steering duct 3a rear opening 3b lower opening 4 forward/reverse switching bucket 5 drive device 6 connecting arm 7 biaxial joint 31 upper shaft member 32 lower shaft member 33 rear projection 34 downward projection 35 Straightening part 41 Flap member 42 Connecting member 51, 52 Steering cylinders 51a, 52a Rod ends 53 Forward and backward cylinders (drive rod, first drive rod)
53a rod tip 54 link rod (drive rod, second drive rod)
55 Rod support plate 55a Spherical seat 71 Horizontal pin (horizontal axis)
72 First joint 73 Vertical pin (vertical axis)
74 Second joint C1 Rotating shaft C2 Rotating shaft C3 First rotating shaft C4 Second rotating shaft T0 Neutral position T1 Left turning position T2 Right turning position P1 First position P2 Second position

Claims (4)

a nozzle for injecting water backward in the direction of travel of the hull;
connected to the nozzle so as to be pivotable about the axis of a pivot shaft parallel to the vertical direction, and having a rear opening and a lower opening at the rear end in the advancing direction and the lower part in the vertical direction, respectively; a steering duct for circulating the water jetted from the nozzle inside and flowing out by switching between the rear opening and the lower opening;
a forward/reverse switching bucket that switches an outflow destination of water flowing inside the steering duct between the rear opening and the lower opening;
a driving device that provides driving force for switching the forward/reverse switching bucket;
with
The driving device has two degrees of freedom with a horizontal axis provided on a horizontal first rotating shaft perpendicular to the traveling direction and a vertical axis provided on a vertical second rotating shaft as rotation centers. Provided to be bendable by a biaxial joint,
The forward/reverse steering device, wherein the vertical axis during forward movement is arranged so as to overlap an extension line of the turning axis of the steering duct. The driving device
a telescopic first drive rod having one end connected to the nozzle side of the hull and the other end connected to the biaxial joint;
a second drive rod connected to the biaxial joint and the forward/reverse switching bucket;
2. A forward/reverse steering apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the forward/reverse switching bucket is switched between the rear opening and the lower opening by extending and contracting the first drive rod. 3. The forward/reverse steering system according to claim 1, further comprising a connecting arm having one end connected to said biaxial joint and the other end connected to said forward/reverse switching bucket. A support opening through which the driving device can be inserted is formed in the rear wall of the hull to which the nozzle is connected,
The drive device is supported by the rear wall of the hull while being inserted through the support opening from the inner side of the ship,
4. The forward/reverse steering system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the tip of the rod of the driving device has a cross-sectional shape smaller than that of the support opening.

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