JP2635532B2 - Reverse device for water jet propulsion - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement of a reverse device of a water jet propulsion device in which a flap and a bucket are connected to form a reverse flow path.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, in response to the need for speeding up marine transportation, a jet stream pressurized by a pump of a water jet propulsion device arranged at the stern is 30 to 50 m / m from a jet nozzle.
A water jet propulsion ship that jets out at a flow rate of s and sails using the reaction force as a propulsion force is in the spotlight. In such a water jet propulsion ship, the water jet propulsion device is strongly required to be small and light in order to realize a high speed, and the flaps and buckets are also required to have strong reliability.

[0003] As a reverse device of this type of water jet propulsion device, for example, there is a device described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-29638 (hereinafter referred to as "conventional example") shown in FIG.

In this conventional example, a flap (outside flap) 43 and a bucket (inside flap) 44 are attached to a steering cylinder 42 pivotally supported at the tip of a jet nozzle 41 so as to be swingable in the horizontal direction.
And a reverse device that forms a reverse state by interlocking with each other via a pivot shaft 45. That is, the drive cylinder 47 is mounted on each of two operation levers 46 provided on both sides of the steering cylinder 42, and when the drive cylinder 47 is extended, the operation lever 46 rotates around the rotation shaft 48. The bucket 44 rotates counterclockwise, and the flap 43 rises from the bottom. At the same time, the bucket 44 pivots clockwise downward while being supported by the link arm 49 via the pivot shaft 45 (the bearing 49a is the fulcrum). Then, the bottom opening 50 of the steering cylinder 42 is opened to form a flap 43 and a bucket 44 to form a U-shaped reverse flow path. When the drive cylinder 47 is shortened, the operation lever 46 rotates clockwise, the flap 43 also rotates in the same direction, and at the same time, the bucket 44 rotates counterclockwise, so that the flap 43 and the bucket 44 are steered cylinders. At the bottom of the steering wheel 42, the rear opening 51 of the steering cylinder 42 is opened to form a forward movement state. Reinforcing ribs 43a and 44a are provided on the flap 43 and the bucket 44 to ensure necessary strength and rigidity.

[0005]

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED BY THE INVENTION Problems relating to strength or weight reduction of the steering cylinder As shown in FIG. 5, when the ship turns (turns), the steering cylinder is swung in a horizontal plane (maximum ± 30 °). However, at this time, the jet flow discharged from the ejection nozzle hits the side wall of the steering cylinder and is turned, and the jet flow is discharged obliquely backward using the rear half of the steering cylinder as a guide to obtain a turning moment.

However, in this case, the pressure distribution of the steering cylinder is large in the first half and small in the second half. That is, since a large load acts on the first half, this part must have sufficient strength and rigidity. In the case of the above-described conventional example, the load applied to the bucket at the position of the bearing 49a (i.e., (It is said to be larger than the applied load), so it is necessary to further increase the strength and rigidity at this position. For this reason, in the conventional example, there is a problem that the weight of the steering cylinder is increased because it is necessary to reinforce the steering cylinder side wall in the vicinity of the bearing sufficiently to avoid stress concentration and to increase the thickness of the steering cylinder.

Problems Related to Strength and Rigidity of Flap and Bucket A large load acts on the flap and bucket to turn the jet flow. In particular, it has been found that the load on the bucket is greater than the flap. Therefore, not only the steering cylinder but also the flap and the bucket themselves need to have sufficient strength and rigidity. However, in the above conventional example, the flap and the bucket overlap each other at the bottom of the steering cylinder when the rear part of the steering cylinder is opened in the forward state, so that the flap and the bucket are formed in a double plate (box-shaped) structure. Therefore, there is a problem that sufficient strength and rigidity cannot be provided. Therefore, in the conventional example, only the reinforcing ribs are provided on the flaps and buckets. However, in reality, when a large load is applied as the ship speeds up, the reinforcing rib structure has sufficient strength and strength. It is difficult to have rigidity.

In view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the invention according to the present application provides a water jet propulsion reversing device capable of reducing the weight of a steering cylinder and having a structure in which flaps and buckets easily have sufficient strength and rigidity. The purpose is to do.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention is to provide a water jet propulsion device in which a horizontally rotatable steering cylinder is mounted behind a jet nozzle of a water jet propulsion device in a horizontal plane. In a water jet propulsion device having a flap that opens a rear opening of the steering cylinder and connects to a bucket provided at the bottom of the steering cylinder in an upright state to form a reverse flow path, a substantially L-shaped lever including a driving device is provided. Is fixed to one end of an operating shaft pivotally supported at the rear end of the side wall of the steering cylinder, and an operating arm formed by extending reinforcing ribs provided at both ends of the flap at the other end in a fin shape. On the other hand, the rotating shaft on which the bucket is mounted is supported on the bottom of the rear end of the steering cylinder side wall, and a bucket lever is fixed to the end of the rotating shaft. Link to At the same time, the front half of the steering cylinder in the jet flow discharge direction is formed from an upper wall and both side walls, and the latter half is formed by extending only both side walls rearward in a substantially mountain shape to form an extended portion. This is a reverse device of a water jet propulsion device in which a working shaft of a flap is pivotally supported substantially at the top of the installation portion.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a water jet propulsion reversing device in which the flap and the bucket are formed in a double plate structure including an outer plate and an inner plate, respectively.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the first or second aspect, the link is formed as a pair of left and right members or only both ends are bifurcated, and one end of the lever and one end of the bucket lever are sandwiched. This is a reversing device of a water jet propulsion unit whose parts are pivotally connected.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the first aspect, the rear end bottom portion of the extending portion of the steering cylinder side wall is projected below the substantially horizontal position, and the pivot shaft of the bucket is pivotally supported at the projected portion. This is a reverse device for water jet propulsion.

[0013]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the operating shaft of the flap and the turning shaft of the bucket are arranged at the rear end of the steering cylinder which receives a small load from the jet flow when the steering cylinder swings horizontally.
There is no change in the shape of the steering cylinder side wall in the front half part where the load is large, and there is no risk of stress concentration. Therefore, the steering cylinder has the minimum strength and
Rigidity only needs to be ensured, which results in weight reduction of the steering cylinder. In particular, since the fin-like extending portions of the reinforcing ribs provided at both ends of the flap become the operating arms as they are (that is, the reinforcing ribs and the operating arms are integrally formed),
It is structurally simple and easy to assemble. In addition, the upper wall is omitted in the latter half of the steering cylinder that receives a small load from the jet flow when the steering cylinder is horizontally swung, and the side wall is partially cut, so that the weight of the steering cylinder is reduced as much as possible. .

[0014] In particular, according to the second aspect of the present invention, the first aspect is provided.
With the configuration described above, the flap and the bucket do not overlap during the formation of the forward state, so that the flap and the bucket can be made to have a double plate (box) structure to ensure sufficient strength and rigidity.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the pin of the pivot connecting portion is opposed to the pin by the shearing without being bent, so that the strength is far more advantageous.

In particular, according to the means of the fourth aspect, a predetermined positional relationship between the flap and the bucket is ensured while minimizing the weight increase of the steering cylinder, so that the upper surface of the flap in the lying state does not hit the jet flow. Can be

[0017]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the vicinity of the steering cylinder when the flap and the bucket are at a position forming a forward movement state of the boat, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view at the same time at a position forming a reverse movement state, and FIG. 1, a left half from the vertical center line is a sectional view, and a right half is an outline view.

As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, a circular jet nozzle 2 is provided at the rear end of a pump 1 constituting a water jet propulsion device provided at the stern, and a rectangular jet nozzle 2 is provided at the rear end. The steering cylinder 3 is connected so as to be swingable in a horizontal plane. That is, the front end of the steering cylinder 3 is pivotally connected to the ejection nozzle 2 side by the upper and lower vertical pins 5 provided on the support member 4 projecting rearward from the ejection nozzle 2, so that the steering cylinder 3 is shown around the vertical pin 5. It is swingable in the horizontal plane by the drive cylinder that is not
By diverting the jet stream from the jet nozzle 2 in a desired direction (see FIG. 5), a turning motion of the ship is generated.

A pair of left and right hydraulic cylinders 6 are provided above the steering cylinder 3. The body of the hydraulic cylinder 6, which is a driving device, is pivotally connected to the steering cylinder 3 side, and the rod end 6a is formed in a substantially L-shape. The lever 7 is pivotally attached to the tip of the long side. The lever 7 is disposed on both sides of the steering cylinder 3, and the outer end of an operating shaft 8 that penetrates the side wall 3 a of the steering cylinder 3 is fixed to the bending portion 7 a of the lever 7. One end of a link 9 sandwiching the lever 7 from both sides is pivotally connected to the end of the L-shaped short side of the lever 7. The lower end of the link 9 is pivotally connected to one end of a bucket lever 10, and the other end of the bucket lever 10 is connected to the steering cylinder side wall 3 a from the bucket 11.
Is fixed to the rotating shaft 12 extending through the shaft. The link 9 is formed by a pair of left and right members so as not to bend the pivot connection pin (left half view of FIG. 3), or the end of the link is formed in a forked shape (FIG. 3). Right half figure).

The operating shaft 8 is supported by a bearing 16 provided on the steering cylinder side wall 3a (FIG. 3). The inner end of the operating shaft 8 is located inside the steering cylinder 3 and is fixed to the flap 13 side. I have. That is, the flap 13 is formed in an elongated wedge shape in a side cross section (FIG. 1), and the outer plate 13a is provided to enhance strength and rigidity.
And the inner plate 13b. Skin 1
Reinforcement ribs 13c are provided at appropriate intervals between the inner plate 13a and the inner plate 3a. At both ends of the flap 13, an operation arm 13d which is stood up like a fin is integrally connected to the reinforcement rib 13c on the side surface of the flap. ing. That is, since the reinforcing ribs 13c at both end surfaces of the flaps are extended as they are to form an integral continuum with the operating arm 13d, the structure is simplified and the assembly becomes simple. The operating arm 13d has a greater plate thickness than the intermediate reinforcing rib 13c. The inner end of the operating shaft 8 is fixed to the distal end of the operating arm 13d.
Rotates the operating shaft 8 so that the flap 13 can move and change between the horizontal state in FIG. 1 and the upright state in FIG. 2 on the inner surface of the steering cylinder 3.

The rotation shaft 12 is supported by a bearing 17 (FIG. 3) provided on the steering cylinder side wall 3a, fitted into the shaft cylinder 12a of the bucket 11 and fixed thereto.
The bucket 11 moves and changes from a horizontal state (FIG. 1) to a state inclined downward (FIG. 2) by the rotation of.

The bucket 11 has a double plate structure with an outer plate 11a and an inner plate 11b, and a reinforcing rib 11c is provided between the outer plate 11a and the inner plate 11b to secure strength and rigidity. ing. A guide 11d for guiding the backward flow of the jet flow as necessary is provided on the surface of the inner plate 11b.
Is erected. This guide 11d also functions as reinforcement of the bucket 11. The bucket 11 opens and closes a bottom opening of the steering cylinder 3. In other words, in the backward traveling state in FIG. 2, the bucket 11 rotates in the clockwise direction and connects with the inclined flap 13 in the upright state to form a backward passage for turning the jet flow forward. The circular pipe 14 is for forming a flow path with the bucket 11 at the front end of the steering cylinder bottom, and is provided between the steering cylinder side walls 3a.
A pair of upper and lower support members 15 are mounted on the circular tube 14 and are mounted on the vertical pins 5. On the other hand, when the steering tube 3 is swung horizontally for turning of the ship (FIG. 5), the jet stream hits the steering tube side wall 3a and tries to be distorted in the lateral direction. Also fulfills. At the rear of the steering cylinder, the rotating shaft 12 plays a similar role (FIG. 4).

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the steering cylinder 3 has, at the rear end thereof, a side wall extension 3c extending rearward beyond the upper wall 3b. The extended portion 3c has a shape in which a substantially central portion of the side wall 3a has a top 3d projecting in a mountain shape, and the operating shaft 8 is supported by the top 3d. Also, the bottom end of the steering cylinder side wall 3a has a projection 3e projecting slightly downward,
The pivot shaft 12 of the bucket is supported by a bearing 17 on the protrusion 3e. The bucket 1 is attached to such a protrusion 3e.
By positioning the first rotating shaft 12, the flap 13 and the bucket 11 can be prevented from interfering with each other when the flap 13 comes to the horizontal position as shown in FIG. 1, so that the interference (overlapping configuration) between the two can be avoided. 13 and the bucket 11 can have a double plate (box) structure.

The main reason why both the operating shaft 8 and the rotating shaft 12 are located at the rear end of the steering cylinder 3 as described above is as follows. That is, when the steering cylinder 3 is swung in a horizontal plane for turning the ship as shown in FIG.
A large force is applied to the front half of the steering wheel a, but the rear half of the steering cylinder side wall 3a acts only as a guide for the jet flow and does not exert a large force. Therefore, if the bearings 16 and 17 for the operating shaft 8 and the rotating shaft 12 are provided in the rear half of the side wall 3a, there is no risk of stress concentration occurring since there is no shape change in the front half of the steering cylinder. 3a
This is because there is no need to unnecessarily reinforce or increase the thickness of the side wall 3a to increase the strength and rigidity, and the steering cylinder 3 can be lightened accordingly. (If the bearings of the operating shaft 8 and the rotating shaft 12 are provided in the first half as in the above-described conventional example, stress concentration accompanying the shape change is likely to occur, and sufficient Such a reinforcement or an increase in the thickness of the side wall causes an increase in the weight of the steering cylinder.) The steering cylinder 3 has a configuration that is designed to reduce the weight as much as possible. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, in the case of a normal rectangular shape, the rectangle extends to the position of the virtual extension line, but in the present application, the upper wall 3b is extended halfway, that is, the steering cylinder 3 is horizontally swung. When the jet flow hits the side wall 3a and receives a large force, the upper wall 3b is located in the region of the first half from the viewpoint of strength.
However, the upper wall 3b has a cut-out shape in the latter half because only the role of a jet flow guide is not applied and a large force is not applied. In addition, the extension 3c of the side wall 3a is also cut more than a normal one.
As described above, the weight of the steering cylinder 3 is reduced as much as possible.

Here, the interlocking operation of the flap 13 and the bucket 11 when forming the forward or backward state will be described. In the forward state shown in FIG. 1, the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 6 is shortened, and the lever 7 is pulled forward. Flap 13 which moves integrally with the movement of lever 7 via operating shaft 8
Is in a substantially horizontal position. Then, the link 9 connecting the flap 13 and the bucket 11 and the bucket lever 10 are largely bent into a square shape, and the bucket 11 is also positioned substantially horizontally. At this time, the rear opening 3A of the steering cylinder 3 is fully opened, and the jet flow discharged from the jet nozzle 2 is jetted straight rearward to obtain forward thrust. The outer plate 13a of the flap 13
Since it is set so as to be located below the extension of the diameter of the ejection nozzle 2, ejection of the jet flow is not hindered. In this state, if the steering cylinder 3 is swung in a horizontal plane by a predetermined angle, the jet stream hits the side wall 3a of the steering cylinder 3 and its discharge direction is changed in the horizontal plane. Can be turned around. In the above-mentioned forward state, the flap 13 and the bucket 11
Are located substantially horizontally, but they do not overlap, so that there is no problem even if the flaps and buckets have a double plate (box) structure. In this structure, the strength and rigidity of the flap and the bucket can be easily secured as compared with the case where only the reinforcing rib is used, so that an increase in weight can be suppressed.

When shifting from the forward state to the reverse state, when the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 6 is extended, the lever 7 is tilted backward, whereby the operating arm 13d becomes substantially horizontal, and the flap 13 is moved horizontally as shown in FIG. 2 to the position of the inclined standing state as shown in FIG.
Close A. And the link 9 is the bucket lever 10
Is pivoted clockwise about the pivot 12 and the bucket 11 descends clockwise to the inclined position with the pivot 12 as the fulcrum, opening the bottom opening 3B of the steering cylinder 3 and the flap 13 and the bucket. 11 forms a curved reverse flow path.

[0027]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the operating shaft of the flap and the turning shaft of the bucket are arranged at the rear end of the steering cylinder which receives a small load from the jet flow when the steering cylinder swings horizontally.
There is no change in the shape of the steering cylinder side wall in the front half part where the load is large, and there is no risk of stress concentration. Therefore, the minimum strength and
As long as rigidity is ensured, the weight of the steering cylinder is reduced, which leads to a reduction in the capacity of the drive unit, that is, a reduction in the weight of the drive unit. Contribute. Further, since the fin-like extending portions of the reinforcing ribs provided at both ends of the flap become the operating arms as they are, the structure is simplified and the assembly becomes simple. Further, the upper wall is omitted in the latter half of the steering cylinder, which receives a small load from the jet flow when the steering cylinder is horizontally swung,
Since a part of the side wall is cut, the weight of the steering cylinder is reduced as much as possible.

In particular, according to the second aspect, the flap and the bucket do not overlap with each other when the forward state is formed from the configuration of the first aspect, and therefore the flap and the bucket can easily have sufficient strength and rigidity in a double plate (box) structure. As a result, an increase in the weight of the flap and the bucket can be suppressed as much as possible, and at the same time, the reliability of the entire apparatus can be improved.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the pin of the pivot connecting portion is opposed to the pin by shearing without being bent, so that the strength is far more advantageous and contributes to the improvement of the reliability of the device.

In particular, in the fourth aspect, the rear end bottom portion of the extending portion of the steering cylinder side wall is protruded below the substantially horizontal position, and the pivot shaft of the bucket is pivotally supported on the protruding portion, so that the steering cylinder can be rotated. The predetermined positional relationship between the flap and the bucket can be ensured while minimizing the weight increase, and at the same time, the upper surface of the flap in the laid-down state can be prevented from hitting the jet stream so as not to hinder the propulsion performance.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the vicinity of a steering cylinder when a flap and a bucket are at a position forming a forward movement state of a boat.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view when the vehicle is at a position where a reverse state is formed.

FIG. 3 is a front view of FIG. 1, in which a left half from a vertical center line is a cross-sectional view and a right half is an external view.

FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a steering cylinder.

FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view when the steering cylinder swings horizontally.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of a reverse device of a water jet propulsion device according to a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Pump 2 ... Injection nozzle 3 ... Steering cylinder 3a ... Steering cylinder side wall 3b ... Steering cylinder top wall 3c ... (side wall) extension part 3d ... Top 3e ... Projection part 3A ... Steering cylinder rear opening 3B ... Steering cylinder bottom opening 6 ... Drive device (hydraulic cylinder) 7 ... Lever 8 ... Working shaft 9 ... Link 10 ... Bucket lever 11 ... Bucket 11a ... Outer plate 11b ... Inner plate 11c ... Reinforcing rib 12 ... Rotating shaft 13 ... Flap 13a ... Outer plate 13b ... Inner plate 13c: Reinforcement rib 13d: Operating arm

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A left-right swingable steering cylinder is mounted in a horizontal plane behind a jet nozzle of a water jet propulsion machine, and a rear opening of the steering cylinder is opened in a falling state. In a water jet propulsion device provided with a flap which forms a reverse flow path in connection with a provided bucket, a substantially L-shaped lever provided with a driving device is provided with an operating shaft which is pivotally supported at a rear end portion of a side wall of the steering cylinder. At the other end, an operating arm formed by extending reinforcing ribs provided at both ends of the flap in a fin-like manner at the other end is fixed, and the rotating shaft on which the bucket is mounted is attached to the steering cylinder side wall. A bucket lever is fixedly supported at an end of the rotation shaft, and a link is provided between the bucket lever and the operating arm, and a first half of the steering cylinder in a jet flow discharge direction is provided. In the latter part, only the side walls are extended rearward substantially in the shape of a mountain to form an extension, and the operating shaft of the flap is supported at the top of this mountain-like extension. A reversing device for a water jet propulsion device. 2. The reversing device for a water jet propulsion device according to claim 1, wherein the flap and the bucket are formed in a double plate structure including an outer plate and an inner plate, respectively. 3. The link according to claim 1, wherein a pair of left and right members or only both ends are formed in a bifurcated shape to hold one end of the lever and one end of the bucket lever, and these holding portions are pivotally connected. Or the reversing device of the water jet propulsion device according to 2. 4. The water according to claim 1, wherein a rear end bottom portion of the extending portion of the steering cylinder side wall projects below a substantially horizontal position, and a pivot shaft of the bucket is supported by the projecting portion. Reverse drive for jet propulsion.