JP7119875B2 - 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 - Google Patents
内燃機関の排気浄化装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7119875B2 JP7119875B2 JP2018191919A JP2018191919A JP7119875B2 JP 7119875 B2 JP7119875 B2 JP 7119875B2 JP 2018191919 A JP2018191919 A JP 2018191919A JP 2018191919 A JP2018191919 A JP 2018191919A JP 7119875 B2 JP7119875 B2 JP 7119875B2
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D51/00—Auxiliary pretreatment of gases or vapours to be cleaned
- B01D51/10—Conditioning the gas to be cleaned
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
- F01N13/0093—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are of the same type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/0205—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust using heat exchangers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/04—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust using liquids
- F01N3/043—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust using liquids without contact between liquid and exhaust gases
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- F01N3/05—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of air, e.g. by mixing exhaust with air
- F01N3/055—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of air, e.g. by mixing exhaust with air without contact between air and exhaust gases
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- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
- F01N3/0857—Carbon oxides
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- F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting from exhaust energy
- F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting from exhaust energy the devices using heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
- F01P3/12—Arrangements for cooling other engine or machine parts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
- F01P3/20—Cooling circuits not specific to a single part of engine or machine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G5/00—Profiting from waste heat of combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
- F02G5/02—Profiting from waste heat of exhaust gases
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
- B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/01—Engine exhaust gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/02—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a heat exchanger
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2510/00—Surface coverings
- F01N2510/06—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction
- F01N2510/068—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction characterised by the distribution of the catalytic coatings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
- F01N2570/10—Carbon or carbon oxides
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/14—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust gas
- F01N2900/1404—Exhaust gas temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
- F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
- F01P2007/146—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid using valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
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- F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
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Description
の温度を低下させることにより、CO2分離装置におけるCO2の分離効率を高くすることができる。
また、前記熱媒体を前記第二熱交換器に循環させる循環装置と、前記循環装置を制御する制御装置と、を更に備え、前記第二熱交換器は前記第一熱交換器よりも上流の前記排気通路に備えられ、前記制御装置は、前記第一熱交換器において前記排気と前記外気とが熱交換を行った後の前記排気の温度であって、前記第二熱交換器に前記熱媒体が循環していない場合の前記排気の温度である第一排気温度が、第一閾値以下の場合には、前記熱媒体を前記第二熱交換器に循環させなくてもよい。
循環させ、前記第二閾値以下の場合には前記熱媒体を前記第二熱交換器に循環させなくてもよい。
また前記第二熱交換器は前記第一熱交換器よりも上流の前記排気通路に備えられ、前記制御装置は、前記第二低下量が前記第二閾値よりも大きい場合において、前記第一熱交換器において前記排気と前記外気とが熱交換を行った後の前記排気の温度であって、前記第二熱交換器に前記熱媒体が循環していない場合の前記排気の温度である第一排気温度が、第一閾値よりも高い場合には前記熱媒体を前記第二熱交換器に循環させ、前記第一閾値以下の場合には、前記熱媒体を前記第二熱交換器に循環させなくてもよい。
体を循環させなくても、大気中へのCO2の排出量が許容範囲内となる排気の温度の上限値であってもよい。第一排気温度は、制御装置が推定した温度であってもよい。また、第一排気温度は、第二熱交換器に熱媒体が循環していないと仮定した場合に推定される排気の温度であってもよい。また、第二熱交換器が第一熱交換器よりも下流の排気通路に備えられている場合には、第一熱交換器よりも下流で且つ第二熱交換器よりも上流の排気の温度を第一排気温度としてもよい。
図1は、本実施形態に係る内燃機関1の排気浄化装置の概略構成を示す図である。内燃機関1は、例えば車両駆動用のガソリンエンジンまたはディーゼルエンジンである。内燃機関1には排気通路2が接続されている。排気通路2には、排気の流れ方向の上流側から順に、第一熱交換器3、第二熱交換器4、CO2分離装置5が備わる。第一熱交換器3よりも上流の排気通路2には、排気の温度を検出する排気温度センサ11が設けられている。
出される。一方、CO2分離膜51を通過したガスは、CO2の出口52Aから排出され、CO2排出通路52を流通する。このように、CO2分離装置5よりも下流の排気通路2には、CO2の濃度が比較的低いガスが流れ、CO2排出通路52には、CO2の濃度が比較的高いガスが流れる。CO2排出通路52は、例えばCO2を貯留するタンクに接続されており、CO2排出通路52を流通したCO2はこのタンクに貯留される。
図4は、本実施形態に係る内燃機関1の排気浄化装置の概略構成を示す図である。図1と異なる点について主に説明する。本実施形態では、第一熱交換器3よりも第二熱交換器4の方が排気通路2の上流側に備わる。ここで、第一熱交換器3は、外気と排気との熱交換を行うため、外気の温度が低いほど排気温度の低下量が大きくなる。第一熱交換器3が内燃機関1に近い場合には、内燃機関1の回りを流通して温度が高くなった外気が第一熱交換器3に接するため、排気温度の低下量が小さくなる虞がある。一方、第一熱交換器3を内燃機関1から離して配置した場合には、第一熱交換器3に接する外気の温度がより低くなるため、排気温度の低下量をより大きくすることができる。
S202では、第二熱交換器4における排気温度の低下量DTWが算出される。排気温度の低下量DTWは、バルブ45が開いている場合の第二熱交換器4における排気温度の低下量、すなわち、第二熱交換器4に冷却水が循環しているときの第二熱交換器4における排気温度の低下量である。なお、第二熱交換器4における排気温度の低下量DTWは、バルブ45が開いていると仮定してECU10が推定してもよい。第二熱交換器4における排気温度の低下量DTWは、冷却水温度TW等と相関関係にあるため、これらの関係を予め実験またはシミュレーション等により求めてマップ化しておく。また、第二熱交換器4における排気温度の低下量DTWを、第二熱交換器4の仕様、冷却水温度TWと排気温度TEXとの差、等に基づく物理モデル等により求めることもできる。なお、周知の方法により第二熱交換器4における排気温度の低下量DTWを算出してもよい。
図6は、本実施形態に係る内燃機関1の排気浄化装置の概略構成を示す図である。図1と異なる点について主に説明する。本実施形態では、内燃機関1の冷却水とは異なる冷却水を第二熱交換器4に循環させる。なお、第二熱交換器4に循環させる冷却水は、第二熱交換器4において排気を冷却するためだけに用意された冷却水であってもよい。本実施形態では、内燃機関1を循環する冷却水は第一冷却水循環システム400により循環され、第二熱交換器4を循環する冷却水は第二冷却水循環システム600により循環される。
ポンプ63を作動させる必要がない。そして、ポンプ63を停止させることにより、ポンプ63の負荷を低減させることができるので、内燃機関1の燃料消費量を低減させることができる。一方、ステップS303で肯定判定された場合にはステップS304へ進む。
2 排気通路
3 第一熱交換器
4 第二熱交換器
5 CO2分離装置
10 ECU
11 排気温度センサ
12 車速センサ
13 外気温度センサ
40 冷却水循環システム
41 ラジエータ
42 冷却水通路
43 ポンプ
44 冷却水温度センサ
45 バルブ
Claims (3)
- 内燃機関の排気通路に設けられ、外気と前記内燃機関の排気とで熱交換を行う第一熱交換器と、
前記排気通路に設けられ、循環する熱媒体と前記排気とで熱交換を行う第二熱交換器と、
前記第一熱交換器及び前記第二熱交換器よりも下流の前記排気通路に設けられ前記排気からCO2を分離するCO2分離装置と、
前記熱媒体を前記第二熱交換器に循環させる循環装置と、
前記循環装置を制御する制御装置と、
を備え、
前記第二熱交換器は前記第一熱交換器よりも下流の前記排気通路に備えられ、
前記制御装置は、前記第二熱交換器に前記熱媒体が循環しているときの前記第二熱交換器による前記排気の温度の低下量である第二低下量が、第二閾値以下の場合には、前記熱媒体を前記第二熱交換器に循環させず、
前記制御装置は、前記第二低下量が前記第二閾値よりも大きい場合において、前記第一熱交換器において前記排気と前記外気とが熱交換を行った後の前記排気の温度である第一排気温度が、第一閾値よりも高い場合には前記熱媒体を前記第二熱交換器に循環させ、前記第一閾値以下の場合には、前記熱媒体を前記第二熱交換器に循環させない、
内燃機関の排気浄化装置。 - 内燃機関の排気通路に設けられ、外気と前記内燃機関の排気とで熱交換を行う第一熱交換器と、
前記排気通路に設けられ、循環する熱媒体と前記排気とで熱交換を行う第二熱交換器と、
前記第一熱交換器及び前記第二熱交換器よりも下流の前記排気通路に設けられ前記排気からCO2を分離するCO2分離装置と、
前記熱媒体を前記第二熱交換器に循環させる循環装置と、
前記循環装置を制御する制御装置と、
を備え、
前記第二熱交換器は前記第一熱交換器よりも上流の前記排気通路に備えられ、
前記制御装置は、前記第二熱交換器に前記熱媒体が循環しているときの前記第二熱交換
器による前記排気の温度の低下量である第二低下量が、第二閾値以下の場合には、前記熱媒体を前記第二熱交換器に循環させず、
前記制御装置は、前記第二低下量が前記第二閾値よりも大きい場合において、前記第一熱交換器において前記排気と前記外気とが熱交換を行った後の前記排気の温度であって、前記第二熱交換器に前記熱媒体が循環していない場合の前記排気の温度である第一排気温度が、第一閾値よりも高い場合には前記熱媒体を前記第二熱交換器に循環させ、前記第一閾値以下の場合には、前記熱媒体を前記第二熱交換器に循環させない、
内燃機関の排気浄化装置。 - 前記熱媒体が前記内燃機関の冷却水である、
請求項1または2に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
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DE102019126648.3A DE102019126648A1 (de) | 2018-10-10 | 2019-10-02 | Abgasreinigungseinrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine |
US16/590,639 US11028744B2 (en) | 2018-10-10 | 2019-10-02 | Exhaust gas purification apparatus for internal combustion engine |
CN201910953415.3A CN111022154B (zh) | 2018-10-10 | 2019-10-09 | 内燃机的排气净化装置 |
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JPH05222927A (ja) * | 1992-02-14 | 1993-08-31 | Toyota Motor Corp | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
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