JP7105908B2 - 摺動部材用溶射被膜及び該摺動部材用溶射被膜を備える摺動装置 - Google Patents
摺動部材用溶射被膜及び該摺動部材用溶射被膜を備える摺動装置 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 title claims description 70
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical group [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 23
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000879 optical micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CXOWYMLTGOFURZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanylidynechromium Chemical compound [Cr]#N CXOWYMLTGOFURZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
- C23C4/073—Metallic material containing MCrAl or MCrAlY alloys, where M is nickel, cobalt or iron, with or without non-metal elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
- C23C4/08—Metallic material containing only metal elements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/131—Wire arc spraying
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/137—Spraying in vacuum or in an inert atmosphere
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/14—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying for coating elongate material
- C23C4/16—Wires; Tubes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F3/0084—Pistons the pistons being constructed from specific materials
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F3/10—Pistons having surface coverings
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Description
そして、クロム(Cr)を含むステンレス系の溶射被膜は、硫黄含有量の多い低品質の燃料によって生じる溶射被膜の腐食を防止できる一方で、溶射被膜を形成する溶射液滴同士の結合力が低下して溶射被膜の耐剥離性が低下する。しかし、マンガン(Mn)を所定量含有させることで溶射液滴同士の結合力の低下を防止できる旨が開示されている。
そして、上記クロム(Cr)の含有量が10質量%以上20質量%以下であり、上記ケイ素(Si)の含有量が0.1質量%以上0.5質量%未満であり、上記溶射被膜の断面の酸化物割合が1面積%以下であることを特徴とする。
そして、上記相手部材の被膜が硬質炭素膜であり、上記摺動部材の被膜が上記摺動部材用溶射被膜を備えることを特徴とする。
本発明の摺動部材用溶射被膜について詳細に説明する。
上記摺動部材用溶射被膜(以下、単に溶射被膜という。)は、鉄(Fe)を主成分とし、クロム(Cr)とケイ素(Si)とを含む鉄系合金からなり、クロム(Cr)を10質量%以上20質量%以下、ケイ素(Si)を0.1質量%以上0.5質量%未満含有し、かつ、溶射被膜断面の酸化物割合が1面積%以下である。なお、本発明において「主成分」とは、50質量%以上含有する成分をいう。
溶射被膜中の酸化物は、上記のように溶射ワイヤの組成に由来するのではなく、主に高温の溶射液滴が酸化されることで生じる。
したがって、飛翔中の溶射液滴が酸化されないように、シールドガスとして窒素などの非酸化性のガスを流しながら、キャリアガスに上記非酸化性のガスを用いて溶射することで酸化物の発生を抑制できる。
したがって、溶射液滴同士の結合面積が大きくなり、上記溶射液滴同士が強固に結合した空隙が少ない密実な溶射被膜が形成される。
クロム含有量が10質量%未満では、クロムによる自己再生可能な不動態膜が充分形成されないため、耐食性が低下してNOXや燃料の硫黄分に由来する酸などによって腐食し易くなる。
また、クロム含有量が20質量%を超えると、溶射被膜の表面に形成されるクロムの不動態膜はクロムの酸化物や水酸化物であり、固相の最表面に水酸基が存在するため潤滑油との親和性が低下して潤滑油による保護が得られ難くなるリスクがある。さらに、フェライト相の増加によりマルテンサイト相がほとんど形成されなくなる。これにより、被膜硬さが低下して耐焼き付き性が低下する。くわえて、オーステナイト相の増加も同時に起こり、これにより熱膨張率が増加して被膜の密着性が著しく低下する。
ケイ素の含有量が0.1質量%未満であると溶射被膜の引張強度が低下し、0.5質量%を超えると耐焼付き性が低下する。
マンガンは酸化され易い元素であるため、マンガンの含有量を少なくすることで溶射液滴の飛翔中に発生する酸化物量を減少させることができ、溶射被膜中の絶対的な酸化物量が減少して溶射被膜全体が金属結合で結合するため、被膜強度が向上する。
上記のようにマンガンは酸化され易い元素であるが、酸化されない状態においては、溶射被膜に固溶して焼入れを促進し溶射被膜組織をマルテンサイト化するため、マンガンを3質量%以上含有することで被膜強度が向上する。
溶射被膜の膜厚が100μm未満では耐剥離性を強化するための十分な高さの凹凸を形成することが難しく、400μmを超えると溶射時に熱がこもり、被膜強度が低下して耐剥離性が低下することがある。
表面粗さが0.05μmを超えると、摺動によって凸部が摺動方向に引き伸ばされて変形し、上記引き伸ばされた部分が剥離し易く、摺動面に異物が混入して耐焼き付き性が低下することがある。
本発明の摺動装置は、互いに摺動する摺動部材と相手部材とを備える。
上記相手部材が基材上に硬質炭素膜を有し、上記摺動部材が基材上に上記摺動部材用溶射被膜を備える。
上記硬質炭素膜は、炭素の結合として、ダイヤモンド結合(sp3結合)とグラファイト結合(sp2結合)とが混在した非晶質膜であり、ダイヤモンドに類似した硬度、耐摩耗性及び化学的安定性を有すると共に、グラファイトに類似した固体潤滑性及び低摩擦係数を有する。炭素の含有量が95質量%以上であることで、硬度、耐摩耗性及び化学的安定性が向上する。
上記被膜を下記の方法により評価した。評価結果を溶射被膜の組成と併せて表1に示す。
溶射被膜の組成は、シリンダブロックから削り取った溶射被膜片を硝酸に溶解させ、誘導結合プラズマ分析(IPC分析)によって定量した。
また、溶射ワイヤについても同様にIPC分析を行い、溶射被膜と溶射ワイヤとが同じ組成であることを確認した。
なお、上記IPC分析では、酸素と窒素とは、その溶解量が少なく検出限界以下であるため、酸素と窒素とを除いて組成比を求めた。
溶射被膜の断面を電子プローブマイクロアナライザー(EPMA)で面分析し、酸化物を特定した。
次に、溶射被膜の断面を20倍に拡大し光学顕微鏡による酸化物割合(面積%)の算出を行った。電子マイクロプローブアナライザーで特定した酸化物の光彩の違いを元に、光学顕微鏡画像から、断面画像を2値価して画像中の酸化物割合(面積%)を算出した。
ピストンリングの表面に炭素を95質量%以上含有する硬質炭素膜を有するピストンと、ボア内面に溶射被膜を形成した上記シリンダブロックとを下記条件で摺動させて焼き付き荷重を測定し、耐焼付き性を評価した。
これは、比較例2~4の溶射被膜は、クロムの含有量が多く、潤滑油による保護が充分得られなかったため、耐焼き付き性が低下したと考えられる。
また、比較例1の溶射被膜は、ケイ素含有量が多く摺動面に異物が生じて耐焼付き性が低下したと考えられる。
Claims (8)
- クロム(Cr)とケイ素(Si)とを含む鉄系合金からなる摺動部材用溶射被膜であって、
上記クロム(Cr)の含有量が10質量%以上20質量%以下であり、
上記ケイ素(Si)の含有量が0.1質量%以上0.5質量%未満であり、
マンガン(Mn)を3質量%以上の割合で含み、
上記溶射被膜の断面の酸化物割合が1面積%以下であることを特徴とする摺動部材用溶射被膜。 - クロム(Cr)とケイ素(Si)とを含む鉄系合金からなる摺動部材用溶射被膜であって、
上記クロム(Cr)の含有量が10質量%以上20質量%以下であり、
上記ケイ素(Si)の含有量が0.1質量%以上0.5質量%以下、
炭素(C)の含有量が0.1質量%以下であり、
上記溶射被膜の断面の酸化物割合が1面積%以下であることを特徴とする摺動部材用溶射被膜。 - マンガン(Mn)を0.6質量%以下の割合で含むことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の摺動部材用溶射被膜。
- マンガン(Mn)を3質量%以上の割合で含むことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の摺動部材用溶射被膜。
- それぞれが基材上に被膜を備える摺動部材と相手部材とが互いに摺動する摺動装置であって、
上記相手部材の被膜が硬質炭素膜であり、
上記摺動部材の被膜が請求項1~4のいずれか1つの項に記載の摺動部材用溶射被膜であることを特徴とする摺動装置。 - 上記硬質炭素膜が、炭素(C)を95質量%以上含有することを特徴とする請求項5に記載の摺動装置。
- 上記摺動部材及び/又は相手部材の基材が、アルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金であることを特徴とする請求項5または6に記載の摺動装置。
- 上記摺動部材がピストンであり、上記相手部材がシリンダブロックであることを特徴とする請求項5~7のいずれか1つの項に記載の摺動装置。
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