JP7071532B2 - 3次元印刷 - Google Patents
3次元印刷 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7071532B2 JP7071532B2 JP2020554398A JP2020554398A JP7071532B2 JP 7071532 B2 JP7071532 B2 JP 7071532B2 JP 2020554398 A JP2020554398 A JP 2020554398A JP 2020554398 A JP2020554398 A JP 2020554398A JP 7071532 B2 JP7071532 B2 JP 7071532B2
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- polypropylene
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- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
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- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 10
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- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 8
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- 239000000987 azo dye Substances 0.000 description 7
- DMSMPAJRVJJAGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzo[d]isothiazol-3-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)NSC2=C1 DMSMPAJRVJJAGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
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- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 7
- WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+) phosphate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 7
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- OVTCUIZCVUGJHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipyrrin Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1C=C1C=CC=N1 OVTCUIZCVUGJHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 125000004209 (C1-C8) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Cu+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N stilbene Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- UJMBCXLDXJUMFB-GLCFPVLVSA-K tartrazine Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=NN(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)C1\N=N\C1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 UJMBCXLDXJUMFB-GLCFPVLVSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 235000012756 tartrazine Nutrition 0.000 description 3
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- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 3
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- XOGGUFAVLNCTRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapotassium;iron(2+);hexacyanide Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[Fe+2].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] XOGGUFAVLNCTRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- SLMLLDNYTCBXBW-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrasodium naphthalene-1,7-disulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)c1ccc2cccc(c2c1)S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S(=O)(=O)c1ccc2cccc(c2c1)S([O-])(=O)=O SLMLLDNYTCBXBW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
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- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-crotonic acid Natural products CC=CC(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- KEROTHRUZYBWCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C KEROTHRUZYBWCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- UJMBCXLDXJUMFB-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium;5-oxo-1-(4-sulfonatophenyl)-4-[(4-sulfonatophenyl)diazenyl]-4h-pyrazole-3-carboxylate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=NN(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)C1N=NC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 UJMBCXLDXJUMFB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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Description
少なくとも1つの赤外線吸収性化合物を含む融合剤、および
3D印刷用の造形材料を含み、この造形材料は、a)ポリプロピレンおよび少なくとも1つのエラストマーを含むポリマー粒子、ここでポリマー粒子は表面活性コーティングを含む、および/またはb)ポリプロピレンを含むマトリックス中に分散した少なくとも1つのエラストマーの粒子を含むポリマー複合粒子を含み、ここでエラストマーは複合ポリマー粒子の合計重量に基づいて約3から約50重量%の量で存在し、そしてポリプロピレンはプロピレンおよびC2またはC4-8オレフィンから選択されるコモノマーのブロックコポリマーを含む。
造形材料のポリマー粒子は、以下の粒径分布を有していてよい(体積基準):D10:約20μmから約45μm;D50:約50μmから約85μm;およびD90:約90μmから約140μm。幾つかの例では、D10は約15μmから約50μm、または約20μmから約45μm、または約25μmから約40μm、または約30μmから約35μmであることができる。幾つかの例では、D50は約50μmから約85μm、または約55μmから約80μm、または約60μmから約75μm、または約60μmから約70μm、または約50μmから約65μmであることができる。幾つかの例では、D90は約85μmから約130μm、または約90μmから約125μm、または約95μmから約120μm、または約110μmから約115μmであることができる。
上で説明したように、造形材料はポリプロピレンを含むポリマー粒子を含んでいる。ポリプロピレンは、プロピレンホモポリマー、プロピレンコポリマー、プロピレンターポリマー、またはこれらの組み合わせであってよい。幾つかの例では、ポリプロピレンは、プロピレンおよびC2またはC4-8オレフィンから選択されるコモノマーのコポリマーであってよい。
上述したように、造形材料は、エラストマーを含むポリマー粒子を含んでいる。任意の適切なエラストマーを使用してよい。例えば、熱可塑性エラストマーを使用してよい。
上記したように、ポリマー粒子はポリプロピレンおよび少なくとも1つのエラストマーを含む複合ポリマー粒子であってよい。この複合粒子はポリプロピレン粒子とエラストマー粒子を含んでいてよい。代替的には、複合ポリマー粒子は、ポリプロピレンのマトリックス中に分散された少なくとも1つのエラストマーの粒子を含んでいてよい。エラストマー粒子は、ポリプロピレンの「海」に分散された「島」であると考えることができる。さらに別の代替例においては、複合粒子は、エラストマーのマトリックス中に分散されたポリプロピレン粒子を含んでいてよい。かくしてこの例においては、ポリプロピレン粒子は、エラストマーの海に分散された「島」であると考えることができる。複合粒子を形成することにより、ポリプロピレンとエラストマーを造形材料全体にわたって均一に分散することが可能になりうる。その結果として、この造形材料は均一な特性を有する3D印刷部品を製造するために使用されてよい。
上述したように、造形材料のポリマー粒子は、(i)ポリプロピレン粒子と(ii)少なくとも1つのエラストマーを含む粒子の物理的混合物を含んでいてよい。こうした混合物において、(i)ポリプロピレン粒子および(ii)少なくとも1つのエラストマーを含む粒子のそれぞれは、表面活性コーティングを含んでいてよい。幾つかの例では、同じ表面活性コーティングが(i)ポリプロピレン粒子および(ii)少なくとも1つのエラストマーを含む粒子に適用されている。他の例においては、(i)ポリプロピレン粒子は、(ii)少なくとも1つのエラストマーを含む粒子上の表面活性コーティングとは異なる表面活性コーティングを含んでいてよい。例えばドライブレンドによって、ポリプロピレン粒子とエラストマー粒子を適切に混合することにより、均一な混合物が製造されてよい。その結果として、造形材料は、均一な特性を有する3D印刷部品を製造するために使用されてよい。
ポリマー粒子上には、任意の適切な表面活性コーティングが用いられてよい。例としては、界面活性剤または酸性ポリマーおよびそれらの塩を含むコーティングが含まれる。界面活性剤および/または酸性ポリマーのブレンドもまた使用されてよい。適切な界面活性剤の例には、アニオン界面活性剤、ノニオン界面活性剤、およびカチオン界面活性剤が含まれる。適切なアニオン界面活性剤は、ラウリル硫酸ナトリウムであってよい。直鎖または分岐鎖のアルキルベンゼンスルホン酸塩を含む、アルキルベンゼンスルホン酸塩もまた使用されてよい。
幾つかの例では、造形材料は1つまたはより多くの充填剤を含むことができる。充填剤は、ガラスビーズ、ヒュームドシリカ、中空ガラスビーズ、ガラス繊維、粉砕ガラス、二酸化ケイ素、酸化アルミニウム、炭酸カルシウム、カオリン(含水ケイ酸アルミニウム)、およびこれらの組み合わせのような、天然または合成無機充填剤から選択することができる。充填剤は、セラミック繊維、炭化ケイ素繊維、アルミナ繊維、およびこれらの組み合わせのような、セラミック充填剤から選択することができる。充填剤は、炭素繊維、ポリプロピレン繊維、ポリアミド繊維、ポリオキシメチレン繊維、超高分子量ポリエチレン繊維、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン繊維、液晶(LCP)繊維、Kevlar登録商標繊維、およびこれらの組み合わせのような、天然または合成有機充填剤から選択することができる。
酸化防止剤(単数または複数)は、造形材料の酸化を防止または遅延させることによって造形材料の分子量の減少を防止または遅延させ、および/または造形材料の褪色(例えば黄変)を防止または遅延させるために、造形材料組成物に添加されてよい。幾つかの例では、酸化防止剤はラジカル捕捉剤であってよい。こうした例では、酸化防止剤には、IRGANOX登録商標1098(ベンゼンプロパンアミドN,N’-1,6-ヘキサンジイルビス(3,5-ビス(1,1-ジメチルエチル)-4-ヒドロキシ))、IRGANOX登録商標254(40%トリエチレングリコールビス(3-tertブチル-4-ヒドロキシ-5-メチルフェニル)、ポリビニルアルコールおよび脱イオン水の混合物)、および/または他の立体障害フェノールが含まれてよい。他の例においては、酸化防止剤はホスファイトおよび/または有機スルフィド(例えばチオエステル)を含んでいてよい。ひとつの例では、酸化防止剤は造形材料組成物に、造形材料組成物の合計重量に基づいて約0.01重量%から約5重量%の範囲の量で含まれていてよい。
造形材料組成物のコーティング流動性を改善するために、流動助剤(単数または複数)を添加してよい。流動助剤は、造形材料組成物または造形材料が100μm未満の平均粒径を有している場合に、特に有用でありうる。流動助剤は、摩擦力、横方向の抗力、および摩擦帯電量を低減させる(粒子の導電性を増大させる)ことにより、造形材料組成物の流動性を改善する。適切な流動助剤の例には、トリカルシウムホスフェート(E341)、粉末セルロース(E460(ii))、カルシウムステアレート(E470)、マグネシウムステアレート(E470b)、重炭酸ナトリウム(E500)、フェロシアン化ナトリウム(E535)、フェロシアン化カリウム(E536)、フェロシアン化カルシウム(E538)、ボーンホスフェート(E542)、ケイ酸ナトリウム(E550)、二酸化ケイ素(E551)、ケイ酸カルシウム(E552)、三ケイ酸マグネシウム(E553a)、タルカムパウダー(E553b)、アルミノケイ酸ナトリウム(E554)、アルミノケイ酸カリウム(E555)、アルミノケイ酸カルシウム(E556)、ベントナイト(E558)、ケイ酸アルミニウム(E559)、ステアリン酸(E570)、および酸化アルミニウムが含まれる。ひとつの例では、流動助剤は造形材料組成物の合計重量に基づき、0重量%を超え5重量%未満の範囲の量で添加される。
幾つかの例では、帯電防止剤(単数または複数)を造形材料に添加することが可能である。帯電防止剤(単数または複数)は、アルカリ金属またはアルカリ土類金属の塩を含んでよい。アルカリ金属またはアルカリ土類金属の塩には、四級アミン、塩素酸塩、リン酸塩、炭酸塩、ホウ酸塩、ホスホン酸塩、硫酸塩、酢酸塩、クエン酸塩、および過塩素酸塩が含まれてよい。炭酸塩の非限定的な例には、炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸カリウム、炭酸リチウム、炭酸バリウム、炭酸マグネシウム、炭酸カルシウム、炭酸アンモニウム、炭酸コバルト、炭酸鉄、炭酸鉛、炭酸マンガン、および炭酸ニッケルが含まれる。過塩素酸塩の非限定的な例には、過塩素酸ナトリウム、過塩素酸カリウム、過塩素酸リチウム、過塩素酸バリウム、過塩素酸マグネシウム、過塩素酸カルシウム、過塩素酸アンモニウム、過塩素酸コバルト、過塩素酸鉄、過塩素酸鉛、過塩素酸マンガン、および過塩素酸ニッケルが含まれる。塩素酸の非限定的な例には、塩素酸ナトリウム、塩素酸カリウム、塩素酸リチウム、塩素酸バリウム、塩素酸マグネシウム、塩素酸カルシウム、塩素酸アンモニウム、塩素酸コバルト、塩素酸鉄、塩素酸鉛、塩素酸マンガン、および塩素酸ニッケルが含まれる。リン酸塩の非限定的な例には、リン酸ナトリウム、リン酸カリウム、リン酸リチウム、リン酸バリウム、リン酸マグネシウム、リン酸カルシウム、リン酸アンモニウム、リン酸コバルト、リン酸鉄、リン酸鉛、リン酸マンガン、およびリン酸ニッケルが含まれる。帯電防止剤はまた、スルホンイミドまたはスルホンアミド、ネオアルコキシチタネートおよびジルコネートであってもよい。
増白剤(単数または複数)を造形材料組成物に添加して、視認性を改善してよい。適切な増白剤の例には、二酸化チタン(TiO2)、酸化亜鉛(ZnO)、炭酸カルシウム(CaCO3)、二酸化ジルコニウム(ZrO2)、酸化アルミニウム(Al2O3)、二酸化ケイ素(SiO2)、チタン酸バリウムおよびこれらの組み合わせが含まれる。幾つかの例では、スチルベン誘導体を増白剤として使用してよい。こうした例では、3D印刷プロセスの温度(単数または複数)は、スチルベン誘導体が安定したままであるように選択されてよい(すなわち、3D印刷温度はスチルベン誘導体を熱分解しない)。ひとつの例では、増白剤は造形材料組成物中に、造形材料組成物の合計重量に基づいて、0重量%を超え約10重量%の範囲の量で含有されていてよい。
さて図2を参照すると、開示されているのは3次元印刷の方法200であり:202で造形材料の層を造形プラットフォーム上に堆積し;204で3Dオブジェクトモデルに基づいて、ポリマー粉末の造形材料層の少なくとも1つの部分に融合剤を選択的に適用し、ここで融合剤は少なくとも1つの赤外線吸収性化合物を含み;そして206で造形材料組成物を放射線に曝露して少なくとも1つの部分を融合、結合または合体させて3D部品の層を形成することを含んでいる。
さて図4を参照すると、3D印刷システム10の例が概略的に描かれている。3D印刷システム10は付加的な部品(その幾つかは本願で記載する)を含んでいてよく、また本願で記載する部品の幾つかは省略および/または修正してよいことが理解されよう。さらにまた、図4に描かれた3D印刷システム10の部品は縮尺通りではなく、従って3D印刷システム10はここに示されたものとは異なる大きさおよび/または構成を有していてよい。
本開示の方法(単数または複数)は、印刷部品を3D印刷するために使用されてよい。印刷部品は自動車部品であってよい。幾つかの例では、本開示の造形材料は印刷部品を、例えば高い剛性をもって3次元印刷するために使用されてよい。
上述した方法200およびシステム10の例においては、融合剤26が使用されてよい。融合剤26の例は、放射線吸収剤(すなわち活性材料)を含む分散物である。活性材料は、任意の赤外光吸収性着色料であってよい。
およびこれらの混合物。上記の式中において、Mは2価の金属原子(例えば、銅その他)であることができ、または金属が2価より大きい場合(例えば、インジウムその他)に満たされない価数を満たすOSO3Naアキシアル基を有することができ、Rは水素または任意のC1-C8アルキル基(置換アルキルおよび未置換アルキルを含む)、そしてZは近赤外吸収性染料の全電荷が中性となるような対イオンであることができる。例えば対イオンは、ナトリウム、リチウム、カリウム、NH4 +、その他であることができる。
およびこれらの混合物。この疎水性近赤外吸収性染料について、Mは2価の金属原子(例えば、銅その他)であることができ、または金属が2価より大きい場合に満たされない価数を満たすCl、Br、またはOR’(R’=H、CH3、COCH3、COCH2COOCH3、COCH2COCH3)アキシアル基を有する金属を含むことができ、そしてRは水素または任意のC1-C8アルキル基(置換アルキルおよび未置換アルキルを含む)であることができる。
アントロキノン染料/顔料
ニッケルジチオレン染料/顔料
ここでアントロキノン染料または顔料におけるRは水素または任意のC1-C8アルキル基(置換アルキルおよび未置換アルキルを含む)であってよく、そしてジチオレンにおけるRは水素、COOH、SO3、NH2、任意のC1-C8アルキル基(置換アルキルおよび未置換アルキルを含む)、その他であってよい。
シアニン染料/顔料
ペリレンジイミド染料/顔料
ここでペリレンジイミド染料または顔料におけるRは水素または任意のC1-C8アルキル基(置換アルキルおよび未置換アルキルを含む)であってよい。
本願に開示の方法200およびシステム10の例においては、上述したように、仕上げ向上剤が使用されてよい。この仕上げ向上剤は、界面活性剤、共溶媒、およびバランス量の水を含んでいてよい。幾つかの例では、仕上げ向上剤はこれらの成分からなり、他の成分を含まない。幾つかの他の例においては、仕上げ向上剤はさらに着色料を含んでいてよい。さらに幾つかの他の例においては、仕上げ向上剤は着色料、界面活性剤、共溶媒、およびバランス量の水からなり、他の成分を含まない。さらに幾つかの他の例においては、仕上げ向上剤はさらに、抗コゲーション剤(単数または複数)、抗微生物剤(単数または複数)、および/またはキレート剤(単数または複数)(これらの各々については融合剤26に関連して上述した)といった付加的な成分を含んでいてよい。
(フードブラック1として市販);次の化学構造の6-アミノ-4-ヒドロキシ-3-[[7-スルホネート-4-[(4-スルホネートフェニル)アゾ]-1-ナフチル]アゾ]ナフタレン-2,7-ジスルホネート四ナトリウム:
(フードブラック2として市販);次の化学構造の(6E)-4-アミノ-5-オキソ-3-[[4-(2-スルホネートオキシエチルスルホニル)フェニル]ジアゼニル]-6-[[4-(2-スルホネートオキシエチルスルホニル)フェニル]ヒドラジニリデン]ナフタレン-2,7-ジスルホネート四ナトリウム:
(リアクティブブラック31として市販);次の化学構造の(6E)-4-アミノ-5-オキソ-3-[[4-(2-スルホネートオキシエチルスルホニル)フェニル]ジアゼニル]-6-[[4-(2-スルホネートオキシエチルスルホニル)フェニル]ヒドラジニリデン]ナフタレン-2,7-ジスルホネート四ナトリウム:
およびこれらの組み合わせが含まれてよい。仕上げ向上剤に使用される染料の他の市販の例の幾つかは、PRO-JET登録商標ファストブラック1(富士フィルム社により市販されている)のような多目的ブラックアゾ染料系液体、およびPRO-JET登録商標ファストブラック2(富士フィルム社により市販されている)のような耐水性の向上したブラックアゾ染料系液体を含んでいる。
(アシッドブルー9として市販されており、ここで対イオンは代替的にナトリウム対イオンまたはカリウム対イオンであってよい);以下の構造の4-[(E)-{4-[ベンジル(エチル)アミノ]フェニル}{(4E)-4-[ベンジル(エチル)イミニオ]シクロヘキサ-2,5-ジエン-1-イリデン}メチル]ベンゼン-1,3-ジスルホネートナトリウム:
(アシッドブルー7として市販);および以下の構造のフタロシアニン:
(ダイレクトブルー199として市販);およびこれらの組み合わせが含まれる。
本願に開示される方法200およびシステム10の例においては、上述したように、着色剤を使用してよい。着色剤は、着色料、界面活性剤、共溶媒、およびバランス量の水を含んでよい。幾つかの例では、着色剤はこれらの成分からなり、他の成分を含まない。幾つかの他の例では、着色剤はさらに、分散剤(単数または複数)、抗コゲーション剤(単数または複数)、抗微生物剤(単数または複数)、および/またはキレート剤(単数または複数)(これらの各々は融合剤26に関連して先に説明した)といった付加的な成分を含んでいてよい。
表面修飾剤(単数または複数)または界面活性剤(単数または複数)(ここで互換的に使用される)は、融合剤および/または仕上げ向上剤(本願ではまた剤と称される)の濡れ特性および噴射特性を改善するために使用されてよい。適切な界面活性剤の例には、自己乳化型の、アセチレンジオールの化学的性質に基づいたノニオン湿潤剤、ノニオンフルオロ界面活性剤、およびこれらの組み合わせが含まれてよい。他の例においては、界面活性剤は、エトキシル化低発泡湿潤剤またはエトキシル化湿潤剤および分子消泡剤であってよい。さらに他の適切な界面活性剤には、ノニオン湿潤剤および分子消泡剤または水溶性ノニオン界面活性剤が含まれる。幾つかの例では、10未満の親水性親油性バランス(HLB)を有する界面活性剤を使用することが望ましい場合がある。単一の界面活性剤が使用されるか、または界面活性剤の組み合わせが使用されるかに関わらず、剤における界面活性剤(単数または複数)の合計量は、剤の合計重量%に基づいて約0.1重量%から約3重量%の範囲にあってよい。
幾つかの例では、融合剤および/または仕上げ向上剤はさらに、緩衝液、界面活性剤、分散剤、抗コゲーション剤、分散添加剤、殺生物剤、キレート剤、少なくとも1つのキレート剤、およびこれらの組み合わせを含んでいてよい。
幾つかの例では、本願で説明した剤(単数または複数)(例えば融合剤および/または仕上げ向上剤)のそれぞれは、少なくとも1つの共溶媒を含むことができる。共溶媒は剤(単数または複数)/組成物(単数または複数)のそれぞれの合計重量に基づいて、約0.1重量%から約50重量%の範囲にわたる量で、または約60重量%未満、または約50重量%未満、または約45重量%未満、または約40重量%未満、または約35重量%未満、または約30重量%未満、または約25重量%未満、または約20重量%未満、または約15重量%未満、または約10重量%未満、または約5重量%未満、または少なくとも約10重量%、または少なくとも約15重量%、または少なくとも約20重量%、または少なくとも約25重量%、または少なくとも約30重量%、または少なくとも約35重量%、または少なくとも約40重量%、または少なくとも約45重量%、または少なくとも約50重量%の量で存在することができる。
剤(単数または複数)(例えば融合剤および/または仕上げ向上剤)のバランス量は水であってよい。従って水の量は、ナノ粒子(単数または複数)、近赤外線吸収性化合物(単数または複数)、および着色料(単数または複数)の量に依存して変動してよい。
Claims (14)
- 3D印刷のための造形材料であって、ポリプロピレンおよび少なくとも1つのエラストマーを含有するポリマー粒子を含み、ここでポリプロピレンは造形材料の合計重量の40から99重量%の量で存在し、エラストマーは造形材料の合計重量の1から60重量%の量で存在し、そしてポリマー粒子がポリマー粒子と3D印刷の間に適用される融合剤との間の表面接触を改善する表面活性コーティングを含み、表面活性コーティングが界面活性剤または酸性ポリマーを含む、造形材料。
- ポリマー粒子は、
ポリプロピレンおよび少なくとも1つのエラストマーを含む複合ポリマー粒子、および/または
(i)ポリプロピレン粒子および(ii)少なくとも1つのエラストマーを含有する粒子の物理的混合物を含む、請求項1の造形材料。 - ポリマー粒子は、ポリプロピレンおよび少なくとも1つのエラストマーを含有する複合ポリマー粒子を含む、請求項2の造形材料。
- 複合ポリマー粒子は、ポリプロピレン粒子および少なくとも1つのエラストマーを含有する粒子を含む、請求項3の造形材料。
- 複合ポリマー粒子は、ポリプロピレンを含むマトリックス中に分散された、少なくとも1つのエラストマーを含有する粒子を含む、請求項3の造形材料。
- ポリマー粒子は、(i)ポリプロピレン粒子および(ii)少なくとも1つのエラストマーを含有する粒子の物理的混合物を含み、ここで(i)ポリプロピレン粒子および(ii)少なくとも1つのエラストマーを含む粒子のそれぞれが、表面活性コーティングを含む、請求項2の造形材料。
- プロピレンポリマーは、プロピレンおよびC2またはC4-8オレフィンから選択されるコモノマーのブロックコポリマーである、請求項1から6のいずれか一項の造形材料。
- コモノマーは、エチレン、1-ヘキセンおよび/またはブタジエンから選択される、請求項7の造形材料。
- ブロックコポリマーは、プロピレンおよび5から20重量%のコモノマーのコポリマーである、請求項7または8の造形材料。
- エラストマーは、造形材料の合計重量の5から50重量%の量で存在する、請求項1から9のいずれか一項の造形材料。
- ポリマー粒子は、次の粒径分布:D50が45μmから70μm、D10が20μmから50μm、そしてD90が75μmから120μmを有する、請求項1から10のいずれか一項の造形材料。
- 3D印刷のための造形材料であって、ポリプロピレンを含むマトリックス中に分散した少なくとも1つのエラストマーの粒子を含有する複合ポリマー粒子を含み、ここでエラストマーは複合ポリマー粒子の合計重量に基づいて3から50重量%の量で存在し、ポリプロピレンは造形材料の合計重量の40から99重量%の量で存在しそしてプロピレンおよびC2またはC4-8オレフィンから選択されるコモノマーのブロックコポリマーを含有し、そして複合ポリマー粒子は、ポリマー粒子と3D印刷の間に適用される融合剤との間の表面接触を改善する表面活性コーティングを含み、表面活性コーティングが界面活性剤または酸性ポリマーを含む、造形材料。
- 3次元印刷キットであって
少なくとも1つの赤外線吸収性化合物を含有する融合剤、および
3D印刷のための造形材料を含み、造形材料は
a)ポリプロピレンおよび少なくとも1つのエラストマーを含むポリマー粒子、ここでポリプロピレンは造形材料の合計重量の40から99重量%の量で存在し、エラストマーは造形材料の合計重量の1から60重量%の量で存在し、そしてポリマー粒子はポリマー粒子と3D印刷の間に適用される融合剤との間の表面接触を改善する表面活性コーティングを含有し、表面活性コーティングが界面活性剤または酸性ポリマーを含む、および/または
b)ポリプロピレンを含むマトリックス中に分散した少なくとも1つのエラストマーの粒子を含有するポリマー複合粒子、ここでエラストマーは複合ポリマー粒子の合計重量に基づいて3から50重量%の量で存在し、ポリプロピレンはプロピレンおよびC2またはC4-8オレフィンから選択されるコモノマーのブロックコポリマーを含有し、そして複合ポリマー粒子は、複合ポリマー粒子と3D印刷の間に適用される融合剤との間の表面接触を改善する表面活性コーティングを含み、表面活性コーティングが界面活性剤または酸性ポリマーを含む、
を含有している、3次元印刷キット。 - 3次元印刷のための方法であって:
造形材料の層を造形プラットフォーム上に堆積し、ここで造形材料は
a)ポリプロピレンおよび少なくとも1つのエラストマーを含むポリマー粒子、ここでポリプロピレンは造形材料の合計重量の40から99重量%の量で存在し、エラストマーは造形材料の合計重量の1から60重量%の量で存在し、そしてポリマー粒子はポリマー粒子と3D印刷の間に適用される融合剤との間の表面接触を改善する表面活性コーティングを含有し、表面活性コーティングが界面活性剤または酸性ポリマーを含有する、および/または
b)ポリプロピレンを含むマトリックス中に分散した少なくとも1つのエラストマーの粒子を含有するポリマー複合粒子、ここでエラストマーは複合ポリマー粒子の合計重量に基づいて3から50重量%の量で存在し、そしてポリプロピレンはプロピレンおよびC2またはC4-8オレフィンから選択されるコモノマーのブロックコポリマーを含有し、そして複合ポリマー粒子は、複合ポリマー粒子と3D印刷の間に適用される融合剤との間の表面接触を改善する表面活性コーティングを含有し、表面活性コーティングが界面活性剤または酸性ポリマーを含有する、を含み;
3Dオブジェクトモデルに基づいて、造形材料の層の少なくとも一部分の上に融合剤を選択的に適用し、そして
造形材料を加熱して造形材料の一部分を少なくとも部分的に結合させることを含む、方法。
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