JP7055095B2 - 網膜色素上皮細胞の大規模生産 - Google Patents
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Description
(a)ヒトフィーダー細胞馴化培地中でヒト多能性幹細胞を培養し、ヒト多能性幹細胞の培養集団を得る工程;
(b)分化作用物質を含む培地中でヒト多能性幹細胞の培養集団を培養し、分化細胞を得る工程;および
(c)TGFβスーパーファミリーの1つまたは複数のメンバーを含む培地中で分化細胞を培養し、それによってRPE細胞を作製する工程。
(a)ヒトフィーダー細胞馴化培地中でヒト多能性幹細胞を培養し、ヒト多能性幹細胞の培養集団を得る工程;
(b)分化作用物質を含む培地中でヒト多能性幹細胞の培養集団を培養し、分化細胞を得る工程;
(c)TGFβスーパーファミリーの1つまたは複数のメンバーを含む培地中で分化細胞を培養し、RPE細胞を得る工程;および
(d)接着性表面上でRPE細胞を培養し、RPE細胞の増殖した集団を作製する工程。
(a)ヒトフィーダー細胞馴化培地中でヒト多能性幹細胞を培養し、ヒト多能性幹細胞の培養集団を得る工程;
(b)分化作用物質を含む培地中でヒト多能性幹細胞の培養集団を培養し、分化細胞を得る工程;
(c)TGFβスーパーファミリーの1つまたは複数のメンバーを含む培地中で分化細胞を培養し、RPE細胞を得る工程;
(d)接着性表面上でRPE細胞を培養し、RPE細胞の増殖した集団を作製する工程;
(e)RPE細胞の増殖した集団を回収する工程;および
(f)回収する工程の後にRPE細胞を対象の眼の中に移植し、それによって疾患を処置する工程。
(i)非接着性条件下、アクチビンAの非存在下でニコチンアミドを含む培地中でヒト多能性幹細胞の培養集団を培養し、分化細胞を含む細胞のクラスターを作製する工程;および続いて
(ii)接着性条件下、アクチビンAの非存在下でニコチンアミドを含む培地中で(i)の分化細胞を培養する工程。
[本発明1001]
以下の工程を含む、網膜色素上皮(RPE)細胞を作製する方法:
(a)ヒトフィーダー細胞馴化培地中でヒト多能性幹細胞を培養し、ヒト多能性幹細胞の培養集団を得る工程;
(b)分化作用物質を含む培地中でヒト多能性幹細胞の前記培養集団を培養し、分化細胞を得る工程;および
(c)TGFβスーパーファミリーの1つまたは複数のメンバーを含む培地中で前記分化細胞を培養し、それによってRPE細胞を作製する工程。
[本発明1002]
以下の工程を含む、RPE細胞を作製する方法:
(a)ヒトフィーダー細胞馴化培地中でヒト多能性幹細胞を培養し、ヒト多能性幹細胞の培養集団を得る工程;
(b)分化作用物質を含む培地中でヒト多能性幹細胞の前記培養集団を培養し、分化細胞を得る工程;
(c)TGFβスーパーファミリーの1つまたは複数のメンバーを含む培地中で前記分化細胞を培養し、RPE細胞を得る工程;および
(d)前記RPE細胞を接着性表面上で培養し、RPE細胞の増殖した集団を作製する工程。
[本発明1003]
以下の工程を含む、網膜疾患を処置する方法:
(a)ヒトフィーダー細胞馴化培地中でヒト多能性幹細胞を培養し、ヒト多能性幹細胞の培養集団を得る工程;
(b)分化作用物質を含む培地中でヒト多能性幹細胞の前記培養集団を培養し、分化細胞を得る工程;
(c)TGFβスーパーファミリーの1つまたは複数のメンバーを含む培地中で前記分化細胞を培養し、RPE細胞を得る工程;
(d)前記RPE細胞を接着性表面上で培養し、RPE細胞の増殖した集団を作製する工程;
(e)RPE細胞の前記増殖した集団を回収する工程;および
(f)前記回収する工程の後に前記RPE細胞を対象の眼の中に移植し、それによって疾患を処置する工程。
[本発明1004]
大規模で行われる、本発明1001または1002の方法。
[本発明1005]
前記フィーダー細胞馴化培地が、前記フィーダー細胞馴化培地を作製するために用いられるフィーダー細胞から分離されている、本発明1001~1003のいずれかの方法。
[本発明1006]
前記ヒトフィーダー細胞馴化培地がヒト臍帯線維芽細胞馴化培地を含む、本発明1001~1003のいずれかの方法。
[本発明1007]
工程(a)の培養がフィーダー細胞の非存在下で行われる、本発明1001~1006のいずれかの方法。
[本発明1008]
前記ヒト臍帯線維芽細胞馴化培地が、ヒト臍帯線維芽細胞を培養培地中で少なくとも2日間培養することによって作製されている、本発明1006の方法。
[本発明1009]
前記ヒト臍帯線維芽細胞が放射線照射されている、本発明1008の方法。
[本発明1010]
前記馴化培地がNutristemを含む、本発明1006~1009のいずれかの方法。
[本発明1011]
分化した前記RPE細胞の前記移植が眼の網膜下腔で行われる、本発明1003の方法。
[本発明1012]
前記RPE細胞が、懸濁物の状態で、またはマトリックスもしくは基質上に固定化された細胞の単層として、移植される、本発明1003の方法。
[本発明1013]
前記ヒト多能性幹細胞がヒト胚性幹細胞を含む、本発明1001~1003のいずれかの方法。
[本発明1014]
前記分化作用物質がニコチンアミドを含む、本発明1001~1003のいずれかの方法。
[本発明1015]
工程(b)の培地がアクチビンAを欠いている、本発明1014の方法。
[本発明1016]
前記TGFβスーパーファミリーのメンバーが、TGFβ1、TGFβ3、およびアクチビンAからなる群より選択される、本発明1001~1003のいずれかの方法。
[本発明1017]
工程(c)の培地がニコチンアミドおよびアクチビンAを含む、本発明1001~1003のいずれかの方法。
[本発明1018]
工程(c)の後に、ニコチンアミドを含みかつアクチビンAを欠いている培地中で前記RPE細胞を培養する工程をさらに含む、本発明1017の方法。
[本発明1019]
工程(b)が非接着性条件下で行われる、本発明1001、1002、1003または1015の方法。
[本発明1020]
前記非接着性条件が非接着性培養プレートを含む、本発明1019の方法。
[本発明1021]
前記非接着性条件が非接着性基質を含む、本発明1019の方法。
[本発明1022]
工程(b)が、
(i)非接着性条件下、アクチビンA非存在下でニコチンアミドを含む培地中でヒト多能性幹細胞の前記培養集団を培養し、分化細胞を含む細胞のクラスターを作製する工程;および続いて
(ii)接着性条件下、アクチビンA非存在下でニコチンアミドを含む培地中で(i)の前記分化細胞を培養する工程
を含む、本発明1001~1003のいずれかの方法。
[本発明1023]
工程(ii)の前に前記細胞のクラスターを解離させ、細胞の凝集塊または細胞のシングルセル懸濁物を作製する工程をさらに含む、本発明1022の方法。
[本発明1024]
工程(a)が約1週間行われる、本発明1001~1022のいずれかの方法。
[本発明1025]
工程(b)が少なくとも1週間行われる、本発明1001~1024のいずれかの方法。
[本発明1026]
工程(c)が少なくとも1週間行われる、本発明1001~1025のいずれかの方法。
[本発明1027]
工程(c)の後かつ工程(d)の前に非色素細胞を取り除く工程をさらに含む、本発明1002または1006の方法。
[本発明1028]
前記培養の少なくとも一部が、大気中酸素レベルが約10%未満である条件下で行われる、本発明1001~1027のいずれかの方法。
[本発明1029]
前記培養が、大気中酸素レベルが約10%を上回る条件下で行われる、本発明1001~1027のいずれかの方法。
[本発明1030]
工程(a)の前にフィーダー細胞上で前記ヒト多能性幹細胞を増殖させる工程をさらに含む、本発明1001~1029のいずれかの方法。
[本発明1031]
前記フィーダー細胞がヒト臍帯線維芽細胞を含む、本発明1030の方法。
[本発明1032]
前記増殖させる工程が少なくとも2継代行われる、本発明1030および1031の方法。
[本発明1033]
前記増殖させる工程が少なくとも1週間行われる、本発明1030~1032のいずれかの方法。
[本発明1034]
前記網膜疾患または網膜障害が、網膜色素変性、レーバー先天黒内障、遺伝性または後天性の黄斑変性、加齢黄斑変性(AMD)、ベスト病、網膜剥離、脳回転状萎縮、コロイデレミア、パターンジストロフィー、RPEジストロフィー、シュタルガルト病、ならびに光、レーザー、炎症、感染、放射線、血管新生、または外傷性損傷のいずれか1つによって引き起こされる傷害を原因とするRPEおよび網膜の傷害のうちの少なくとも1つから選択される、本発明1003の方法。
[本発明1035]
本発明1001、1002および1006~1033のいずれかの方法により作製されたRPE細胞の集団。
[本発明1036]
本発明1035のRPE細胞の治療的有効量を対象に投与し、それによって網膜疾患または網膜障害を処置する工程を含む、その必要がある対象において網膜疾患または網膜障害を処置する方法。
本発明は、そのいくつかの態様において、胚性幹細胞からの網膜色素上皮細胞の大規模生産に関する。
(a)ヒトフィーダー細胞馴化培地中でヒト多能性幹細胞を培養し、ヒト多能性幹細胞の培養集団を得る工程であって、該フィーダー細胞馴化培地が、該フィーダー細胞馴化培地を作製するために用いられるフィーダー細胞から分離される、工程;
(b)分化作用物質を含む培地中でヒト多能性幹細胞の培養集団を培養し、分化細胞を得る工程;
(c)TGFβスーパーファミリーの1つまたは複数のメンバーを含む培地中で分化細胞を培養し、それによってRPE細胞を作製する工程。
馴化培地は、ある特定の培養期間後に存在する単層細胞培養(すなわち、フィーダー細胞)成長培地である。馴化培地には、培養中の単層細胞によって分泌される成長因子およびサイトカインが含まれる。
ヒト臍帯線維芽細胞は、ヒト血清を補充した(例えば20%)ダルベッコ変法イーグル培地(例えば、DMEM、SH30081.01、Hyclone)において増殖されうる。好ましくは、ヒト臍帯細胞は放射線照射される。これは、当技術分野において公知の方法を用いて行われうる(例えば、Gamma cell, 220 Exel, MDS Nordion 3,500 rad)。十分な細胞が得られると、それらは凍結されうる(例えば、凍結保存される)。ESCの増殖のために、ヒト臍帯線維芽細胞は典型的には、約20%ヒト血清を補充したDMEM(例えばSH30081.01, Hyclone)中で25~30000細胞/cm2の濃度でゼラチン(例えば、組換えヒトゼラチン(RhGlOO-001, Fibrogen))などの接着性基質で任意にコーティングされた固体表面(例えばT75またはT175フラスコ)上に播種される。hESCは典型的には、支持培地(例えばNutristem)において1~4日後のフィーダー細胞の上部にプレーティングされる。bFGFおよびTGF-βなどの追加的な因子が、ESCの分化を妨げるために培地に添加されうる。十分な量のhESCが得られると、細胞は機械的にばらばらにされうる(例えば、滅菌チップまたは使い捨ての滅菌幹細胞ツールを用いて;14602 Swemed)。あるいは、細胞は酵素処理(例えばコラゲナーゼAまたはTryple Select)によって取り出されうる。この工程は、必要な量のhESCに到達するまで複数回繰り返されうる。特定の態様によれば、第1ラウンドの増殖の後、hESCはTryple Selectを用いて取り出され、第2ラウンドの増殖の後、hESCはコラゲナーゼAを用いて取り出される。
ヒトES細胞は、ヒト胚性線維芽細胞または成体卵管上皮細胞を用いて成長および維持させることができる。これらのヒトフィーダー細胞上で成長させる場合、ヒトES細胞は、正常な核型を呈し、アルカリフォスファターゼ活性を示し、Oct-4ならびにSSEA-3、SSEA-4、TRA-1-60、およびGCTM-2を含む他の胚細胞表面マーカーを発現し、インビボでテラトーマを形成し、かつ全ての重要な形態的特徴を保持する(Richards M, Fong CY, Chan WK, Wong PC, Bongso A. (2002). Human feeders support prolonged undifferentiated growth of human inner cell masses and embryonic stem cells. Nat. Biotechnol. 20: 933-6)。
ヒトES細胞は、米国特許出願第10/368,045号に開示されているようにヒト包皮フィーダー層上で培養することができる。包皮に由来するフィーダー細胞層は、ヒトES細胞を培養するのに適した完全に動物質を含まない環境からなる。加えて、包皮細胞は、それらの誘導から42継代もの間培養中で維持することができ、ES細胞に比較的一定の環境を提供する。これらの条件下では、ヒトES細胞は、代替のプロトコール(例えば、MEF)で成長させた細胞とは機能的に異なることが見出された。分化後、ES細胞は、インビトロで3種類全ての胚性胚葉に関連する遺伝子を発現し、インビボで3種類全ての胚葉から生じる組織からなるテラトーマを形成した。
(a)第1の分化作用物質(例えばニコチンアミド)を含む培地中でのESCの培養;および
(b)TGFβスーパーファミリーのメンバー(例えばアクチビンA)および第1の分化作用物質(例えばニコチンアミド)を含む培地中での、(a)の工程から得た細胞の培養。
-これらに限定されないが、ノックアウト血清代替物(KOSR)、Nutridoma-CS、TCH(商標)、N2、N2誘導体、もしくはB27または組み合わせなど、血清または血清代替物含有培地;
-これらに限定されないが、フィブロネクチン、ラミニン、コラーゲンおよびゼラチンなど、細胞外基質(ECM)成分。ECMは次いで、成長因子のTGFβスーパーファミリーの1つまたは複数のメンバーを運ぶために用いられうる;
-これらに限定されないが、ペニシリンおよびストレプトマイシンなど、抗菌剤;
-これらに限定されないが、BDNF、NT3、NT4など、培養中のSCの生存を促進する役割を果たすことが公知である、非必須アミノ酸(NEAA)、ニュートロフィン。
材料および方法
簡潔なプロトコール
馴化培地の調製:T75フラスコに放射線照射した臍帯細胞(2.3×106 ゼラチンなし)をDMEM+20%ヒト血清培地中に播種した。5~24時間後、馴化のために培地をNutristem+HSAと交換した。馴化の16から72時間後、培地を回収し、新鮮な培地によって交換した。この方法論によれば、培地の連続的な馴化は1週あたり3~4回実施されうる。
Claims (33)
- 以下の工程を含む、網膜色素上皮(RPE)細胞を作製する方法:
(a)ヒトフィーダー細胞馴化培地中でヒト多能性幹細胞を培養し、ヒト多能性幹細胞の培養集団を得る工程、ここで、該培養工程がフィーダー細胞の非存在下で行われる;
(b)分化作用物質を含む培地中でヒト多能性幹細胞の前記培養集団を分化させ、分化細胞を得る工程、ここで、該分化作用物質がニコチンアミドを含む;および
(c)TGFβスーパーファミリーの1つまたは複数のメンバーを含む培地中で前記分化細胞をさらに分化させ、それによってRPE細胞を作製する工程。 - 以下の工程を含む、網膜色素上皮(RPE)細胞を作製する方法:
(a)ヒトフィーダー細胞馴化培地中でヒト多能性幹細胞を培養し、ヒト多能性幹細胞の培養集団を得る工程、ここで、該培養工程がフィーダー細胞の非存在下で行われる;
(b)分化作用物質を含む培地中でヒト多能性幹細胞の前記培養集団を分化させ、分化細胞を得る工程、ここで、該分化作用物質がニコチンアミドを含む;
(c)TGFβスーパーファミリーの1つまたは複数のメンバーを含む培地中で前記分化細胞をさらに分化させ、RPE細胞を得る工程;および
(d)前記RPE細胞を接着性表面上で培養し、RPE細胞の増殖した集団を作製する工程。 - 以下の工程を含む、網膜疾患を処置するための網膜色素上皮(RPE)細胞を作製する方法:
(a)ヒトフィーダー細胞馴化培地中でヒト多能性幹細胞を培養し、ヒト多能性幹細胞の培養集団を得る工程、ここで、該培養工程がフィーダー細胞の非存在下で行われる;
(b)分化作用物質を含む培地中でヒト多能性幹細胞の前記培養集団を分化させ、分化細胞を得る工程、ここで、該分化作用物質がニコチンアミドを含む;
(c)TGFβスーパーファミリーの1つまたは複数のメンバーを含む培地中で前記分化細胞をさらに分化させ、RPE細胞を得る工程;
(d)前記RPE細胞を接着性表面上で培養し、RPE細胞の増殖した集団を作製する工程;および
(e)RPE細胞の前記増殖した集団を回収する工程;
ここで、前記RPE細胞は、対象の眼の中に移植され、それによって疾患を処置するために使用される。 - 大規模で行われる、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 前記フィーダー細胞馴化培地が、前記フィーダー細胞馴化培地を作製するために用いられるフィーダー細胞から分離されている、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記ヒトフィーダー細胞馴化培地がヒト臍帯線維芽細胞馴化培地を含む、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記ヒト臍帯線維芽細胞馴化培地が、ヒト臍帯線維芽細胞を培養培地中で少なくとも2日間培養することによって作製されている、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記ヒト臍帯線維芽細胞が放射線照射されている、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記馴化培地が、定義されたゼノフリーな成長培地を含む、請求項6~8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 分化した前記RPE細胞の前記移植が眼の網膜下腔で行われる、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記RPE細胞が、懸濁物の状態で、またはマトリックスもしくは基質上に固定化された細胞の単層として、移植される、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記ヒト多能性幹細胞がヒト胚性幹細胞を含む、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 工程(b)の培地がアクチビンAを欠いている、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記TGFβスーパーファミリーのメンバーが、TGFβ1、TGFβ3、およびアクチビンAからなる群より選択される、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 工程(c)の培地がニコチンアミドおよびアクチビンAを含む、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 工程(c)の後に、ニコチンアミドを含みかつアクチビンAを欠いている培地中で前記RPE細胞を培養する工程をさらに含む、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 工程(b)が非接着性条件下で行われる、請求項1、2、3または13に記載の方法。
- 前記非接着性条件が非接着性培養プレートを含む、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記非接着性条件が非接着性基質を含む、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 工程(b)が、
(i)非接着性条件下、アクチビンA非存在下でニコチンアミドを含む培地中でヒト多能性幹細胞の前記培養集団を培養し、分化細胞を含む細胞のクラスターを作製する工程;および続いて
(ii)接着性条件下、アクチビンA非存在下でニコチンアミドを含む培地中で(i)の前記分化細胞を培養する工程
を含む、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 工程(ii)の前に前記細胞のクラスターを解離させ、細胞の凝集塊または細胞のシングルセル懸濁物を作製する工程をさらに含む、請求項20に記載の方法。
- 工程(a)が約1週間行われる、請求項1~20のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 工程(b)が少なくとも1週間行われる、請求項1~22のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 工程(c)が少なくとも1週間行われる、請求項1~23のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 工程(c)の後かつ工程(d)の前に非色素細胞を取り除く工程をさらに含む、請求項2または6に記載の方法。
- 前記培養および分化工程の少なくとも一つが、約10%未満の酸素条件下で行われる、請求項1~25のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記培養工程が、約10%を上回る酸素条件下で行われる、請求項1~25のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 工程(a)の前にフィーダー細胞上で前記ヒト多能性幹細胞を増殖させる工程をさらに含む、請求項1~27のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記フィーダー細胞がヒト臍帯線維芽細胞を含む、請求項28に記載の方法。
- 前記増殖させる工程が少なくとも2継代行われる、請求項28または29に記載の方法。
- 前記増殖させる工程が少なくとも1週間行われる、請求項28~30のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記網膜疾患または網膜障害が、網膜色素変性、レーバー先天黒内障、遺伝性または後天性の黄斑変性、加齢黄斑変性(AMD)、ベスト病、網膜剥離、脳回転状萎縮、コロイデレミア、パターンジストロフィー、RPEジストロフィー、シュタルガルト病、ならびに光、レーザー、炎症、感染、放射線、血管新生、または外傷性損傷のいずれか1つによって引き起こされる傷害を原因とするRPEおよび網膜の傷害のうちの少なくとも1つから選択される、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記フィーダー細胞が、β-メルカプトエタノールの存在下で培養される、請求項1~31のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
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