JP7046684B2 - Drilling equipment and drilling method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to, for example, a drilling apparatus and a drilling method for drilling a hole in a printed circuit board.

In this type of drilling machine, according to the machining program, the table on which the printed circuit board is placed is driven in the X-axis and Y-axis directions to position the drill relatively to the machining position, and then to a predetermined height. The drill that has been retracted is lowered to make a hole.
As disclosed in Patent Document 1 (paragraph 0005), the vertical movement distance (air cut), which is not conventionally involved in drilling, has a constant height with a margin in consideration of the variation in the thickness of the printed circuit board. Is set.

However, in the conventional technique of keeping the air cut at a constant height with a margin as described above, it takes time for the drill to rush into the printed circuit board, so that processing takes time and productivity deteriorates. There is.
Therefore, as disclosed in Patent Document 2 (paragraph 0004), the high-speed feed operation is performed up to the predetermined position α in front of the printed circuit board, and then the cutting feed operation is switched to a lower speed to improve the productivity. Although there is a conventional technology that makes it possible, the predetermined position α needs to be set to a height with a margin in consideration of the variation in the thickness of the printed circuit board, and the drill entry time becomes longer by that amount, which deteriorates the productivity. It is a factor that causes it.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2002-166396 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-1509

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to improve productivity by reducing the time required for movement by air cut as much as possible in the drilling process in which the substrate is machined by the drill.

In order to solve the above problems, a typical drilling apparatus disclosed in the present application includes a top surface height detecting unit that detects the height of the upper surface at each machining position of the workpiece and a drill. The spindle drive control unit is equipped with a spindle drive control unit that can control the feed rate of the spindle holding the spindle in the machining direction so as to be switched during machining. It is characterized in that when the height reaches a height obtained by adding a predetermined height to the top surface height detected by the top surface height detecting unit, the feed speed is controlled to be reduced.

Further, a typical drilling method disclosed in the present application detects the height of the upper surface of the machining position at each machining position of the workpiece, and the height of the drill in the middle of machining is one before. It is characterized in that when a predetermined height is added to the height of the upper surface detected during machining, the feed rate of the spindle holding the drill in the machining direction is reduced.

According to the present invention, in drilling for processing a substrate with a drill, the time required for movement by air cutting can be reduced as much as possible, and productivity can be improved.

It is a figure for demonstrating the operation of the drilling apparatus based on this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the drilling apparatus based on this invention.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of a drilling apparatus based on the present invention. Each component and connecting line in FIG. 2 mainly show what is considered necessary for explaining the present embodiment, and does not show all necessary for a drilling apparatus.
In FIG. 2, 1 is a printed circuit board to be drilled, 2 is a processing table on which the printed circuit board 1 is placed via a lower plate 3b made of a resin material, and 3a is an upper plate placed on the printed circuit board 1. Reference numeral 5 denotes a spindle unit that holds the spindle 6 having a built-in motor for rotating the drill 4. The spindle unit 5 is driven in the vertical direction by the spindle vertical drive unit 7.

The processing table 2 is horizontally driven and positioned by the table drive unit 8 so that the drill 4 faces the position where a hole is to be drilled in the printed circuit board 1. The upper plate 3a is made of a metal conductor such as aluminum, and has a role of improving the bite of the drill 4 and preventing the generation of burrs and the like. The lower plate 3b serves to prevent the drill 4 from penetrating the printed circuit board 1 and coming into contact with the processing table 2. In this case, the workpiece for the drill 4 is both the upper plate 3a and the printed circuit board 1 located below the upper plate 3a.

A pressure foot 9 for pressing the printed circuit board 1 at the time of drilling is engaged on the lower side of the spindle 6 via the cylinder 10. The spindle unit 5 and the pressure foot 9 are engaged with each other at a predetermined distance in the vertical direction, and when the spindle unit 5 is lowered, the spindle unit 5 and the pressure foot 9 are together with the spindle unit 5 until the pressure foot 9 abuts on the upper surface position of the upper plate 3a. Go down. When the pressure foot 9 comes into contact with the surface of the upper plate 3a, the pressure foot 9 stays at that position thereafter, and only the spindle unit 5 independently descends so that the drill 4 can make a hole. When the drilling is completed and the spindle unit 5 is raised, the pressure foot 9 is also raised from a certain position.

Reference numeral 11 is a top surface sensor including a detector 12 fixed to the spindle unit 5 and a rod 13 fixed to the pressure foot 9. In the top sensor 11, when the spindle unit 5 is lowered, the pressure foot 9 reaches the surface of the upper plate 3a, only the pressure foot 9 cannot be lowered any further, and the spindle unit 5 and the pressure foot 9 are vertically oriented. When it is detected that they are displaced from each other, the top surface detection signal S is output.

Reference numeral 15 denotes an overall control unit that controls the rotation and the like of the spindle 6 to control the entire drilling apparatus, and inside the overall control unit, the current height of the tip of the drill 4 is based on the feed position information from the spindle vertical drive unit 7. Table drive control that controls the table drive unit 8 while recognizing the two-dimensional position of the machining table 2 based on the feed position information from the spindle drive control unit 16 and the table drive unit 8 that control the spindle vertical drive unit 7 while recognizing the position. The height of the surface of the upper plate 3a is detected based on the feed position information from the spindle vertical drive unit 7 when the upper surface detection signal S is detected by the upper surface sensor 11 at the time of processing the unit 17 and each processing position, and the height of the surface is detected. An upper surface height detection storage unit 18 for storing is provided. The spindle drive control unit 16 can control the feed speed of the spindle vertical drive unit 7 during machining at each machining position.

The overall control unit 15 has a control function other than that described here, and is also connected to a block (not shown). The overall control unit 15 is configured around, for example, a program control processing device, and each component and connection line in the overall control unit 15 includes logical ones. Further, a part of each component may be provided separately from the overall control unit 15.

FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the drilling apparatus based on the present invention, and shows the temporal change of the height of the tip position of the drill. R indicates a retracting position for retracting the drill when drilling a hole in the printed circuit board. The case of processing the v-th hole and the next w-th hole in succession and the case of processing the w-th hole are as follows.

The spindle drive control unit 16 has a height Hv + h higher than the upper surface height Hv of the upper plate 3a detected at the time of machining the previous v-th hole stored in the upper surface height detection storage unit 18. , The tip of the drill 4 is lowered from the retracted position R at the feed rate Va for air cut.

At this time, h is set to the maximum value of the difference in the thickness of the printed circuit boards at the positions of adjacent machined holes in the printed circuit board 1, and when the tip of the drill 4 reaches the height Hv + h, the spindle drive control unit 16 air-cuts the feed rate. The feed rate Vp for drilling, which is slower than the feed rate Va, is switched and lowered, and a hole is made in the printed circuit board 1 including the upper plate 3a. Cw indicates the time when the feed rate is switched, Pw indicates the time when the drill 4 reaches the upper surface of the upper plate 3a, and Hw indicates the height of the upper surface of the upper plate 3a at this time. At the time of this processing, the height Hw of the upper surface of the upper plate 3a is detected and stored in the upper surface height detection storage unit 18. After the machining of the w-th hole is completed, the spindle drive control unit 16 raises the drill 4 at the return speed Vb and retracts the drill 4 to the retracting position R for machining the next hole.

Note that, in FIG. 1, Ho indicates a height at which it is time to newly switch from the air cut feed rate Va when the first hole in the printed circuit board 1 is machined or when the drill 4 is replaced. This height Ho is the height at which it is time to switch from the air cut feed rate Va, which does not cause holes to be drilled at any hole position at the air cut feed rate Va, and is the spindle drive control unit. It is stored inside 16.

According to the above embodiment, since the switching time from the air cut feed rate Va is changed based on the height of the upper plate 3a at the immediately preceding hole position, the thickness of the printed circuit board 1 changes and the v-th hole is used. Even if the height Hw of the upper surface of the upper plate 3a at the next wth hole is slightly higher than the height Hv of the upper surface of the upper plate 3a, if the difference is within the range of h, the upper plate 3a is above. The air cut feed rate Va can be reliably lowered to near the upper surface of the plate 3a. Therefore, even if the thickness of the printed circuit board 1 changes, it is possible to prevent drilling at the feed rate Va for air cutting, and there is no possibility that the processing accuracy will deteriorate.

Since h at this time is a value considering only the difference in the thickness of the printed circuit boards at the positions of adjacent machined holes, it is not necessary to consider the variation in the thickness of the entire printed circuit board 1 as in the conventional technique, and the conventional technique is used. You can set a smaller value than. Therefore, it is possible to improve productivity.

In the above embodiment, the upper surface of the upper plate 3a uses the upper surface sensor 11 that outputs the upper surface detection signal S when it detects that the spindle unit 5 and the pressure foot 9 are displaced from each other in the vertical direction. However, other methods may be used.
For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2015- Known in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 223685, the change in capacitance between the drill 4 and the ground when the drill 4 comes into contact with the upper surface of the upper plate 3a may be detected and the upper surface detection signal S may be output.

Further, in the above embodiment, the feed rate Va for air cutting, the feed rate Vp for drilling, the return speeds Vb and h are the respective configurations of the upper plate 3a, the lower plate 3b and the printed circuit board 1, the rotation speed of the drill, and the like. Depending on the method, the operator may be able to set the speed independently or by interlocking some of them with each other by a control panel provided in the drilling apparatus.

Further, in the above embodiment, the upper plate 3a is not always necessary and can be omitted depending on the configuration of the printed circuit board 1 and other processing conditions. In this case, the printed circuit board 1 is the only workpiece.

Further, in the present invention, the smaller h is, the shorter the drill entry time is and the productivity can be improved. However, in the above embodiment, in the printed circuit board 1, the printed circuit board at the positions of adjacent machined holes is The maximum value of the difference in thickness is h, and h becomes large.
In the printed circuit board 1, if the distance between the adjacent machined hole positions is small, the difference in thickness between the adjacent machined hole positions is small. The degree to which the distance between adjacent machined hole positions becomes extremely large is small, and the difference in thickness between adjacent machined hole positions is generally small at a high rate.
Therefore, the distance between the new machined hole position and the immediately preceding machined hole position is detected, and if it does not exceed a predetermined value, a value smaller than the maximum value as h (hereinafter referred to as hm) is used as the immediately preceding hole position. The height added to the height of the upper surface is set as the switching time from the next feed rate Va for air cut, and if the interval exceeds a predetermined value, the height Ho is set as the switching time from the feed rate Va for air cut. You may adopt the method of doing.
By doing so, h can be reduced at a high rate, so that the drill entry time can be shortened and productivity can be improved.

FIG. 2 also shows a configuration for realizing the above method.
In FIG. 2, reference numeral 19 denotes an interval comparison unit that detects the interval between the new machined hole position and the immediately preceding machined hole position and compares the detection result with a predetermined value. The spindle drive control unit 16 is hm to the top surface height of the immediately preceding hole position if the interval between the new machined hole position and the immediately preceding machined hole position does not exceed a predetermined value according to the comparison result in the interval comparison unit 19. Spindle vertical drive unit so that the height obtained by adding The feed rate of 7 is controlled.

1: Printed wiring board, 2: Table, 3a: Upper plate, 3b: Lower plate, 4: Drill,
5: Spindle unit, 6: Spindle, 7: Spindle vertical drive unit,
8: Table drive unit, 11: Top surface detection sensor, 15: Overall control unit,
16: Spindle drive control unit, 17: Table drive control unit,
18: Top surface height detection storage unit, 19: Interval comparison unit

Claims (6)

A spindle that can control the feed rate in the machining direction of the spindle that holds the drill and the top surface height detector that detects the height of the top surface at each machining position of the work piece during machining at the machining position. The spindle drive control unit is provided with a drive control unit, and the height of the drill during machining is the height obtained by adding a predetermined height to the top surface height detected by the top surface height detection unit at the time of the previous machining. A drilling device characterized in that the feed rate is controlled to be reduced when the speed is reached. In the drilling apparatus according to claim 1, the predetermined height is determined based on the difference in the thickness of the workpieces at adjacent machining positions generated in the workpiece. Processing equipment. In the drilling apparatus according to claim 1, the spindle drive control unit sets the predetermined height according to the comparison result in the interval comparison unit that compares the interval between the next drilled hole position and the immediately preceding drilled position with a predetermined value. A drilling machine characterized by changing. At the time of machining at each machining position of the workpiece, the height of the upper surface of the machining position is detected, and the height of the drill during machining is set to the predetermined height to the top surface height detected at the previous machining. A drilling method characterized in that the feed rate of the spindle holding the drill in the machining direction is reduced when the added height is reached. The drilling method according to claim 4, wherein the predetermined height is determined based on the difference in the thickness of the workpieces at adjacent machining positions occurring in the workpiece. Method. The drilling method according to claim 4, wherein the distance between the next drilling hole position and the immediately preceding drilling position is compared with a predetermined value, and the predetermined height is changed according to the comparison result. ..

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