JP7045924B2 - 細胞捕捉用フィルター膜及びその使用 - Google Patents
細胞捕捉用フィルター膜及びその使用 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本発明の第一の態様は、貫通孔と、細胞1単位を収容可能な大きさを有する凹部とを有し、前記凹部は、前記細胞捕捉用フィルター膜の一方面に開口しており、前記一方面における前記貫通孔は、前記細胞1単位が通過できない形状又は大きさであり、前記貫通孔と前記凹部とが隣接して配置されており、前記凹部は、前記細胞捕捉用フィルター膜における前記貫通孔の形成されていない部分の表面に設けられている、細胞捕捉用フィルター膜である。
本実施形態のフィルター膜は、貫通孔と、粒子1個を捕捉可能な大きさを有する凹部とを有し、前記凹部は、前記フィルター膜の一方面に開口しており、前記一方面における前記貫通孔は、前記粒子1個が通過できない形状又は大きさであり、前記貫通孔と前記凹部とが近接して配置されている。フィルター膜の材質については後述する。
本明細書において、粒子としては特に制限されず、例えば、細胞、細胞塊、樹脂粒子、金属粒子、ガラス粒子、セラミック粒子等が挙げられる。本明細書において、粒子が凝集して凝集塊を形成している場合には、当該凝集塊を粒子1個という。粒子1個の投影面積相当径(粒子の投影面積と同じ面積の円の直径)は特に制限されず、例えば0.01μm以上1mm以下であってもよく、例えば1~500μmであってもよく、例えば1~200μmであってもよく、例えば1~100μmであってもよく、例えば1~50μmであってもよい。
上述したように、粒子は細胞を含んでいてもよい。また、フィルター膜は細胞捕捉用であってもよい。すなわち、本実施形態のフィルター膜は、細胞捕捉用フィルター膜であってもよい。実施例において後述するように、本実施形態のフィルター膜は、細胞を効率よく捕捉することができる。
本実施形態のフィルター膜の製造方法は、支持体上に、溶解可能な下地膜を積層することと(以下、「工程1」という。)、前記下地膜上に第1の硬化性樹脂膜を積層することと(以下、「工程2」という。)、前記第1の硬化性樹脂膜をパターニングして、前記第1の貫通孔及び前記凹部の底部がパターニングされた第1の膜を得ることと(以下、「工程3」という。)、前記第1の膜上に第2の硬化性樹脂膜を積層することと(以下、「工程4」という。)、前記第2の硬化性樹脂膜をパターニングして、前記第1の貫通孔に連続する第2の貫通孔及び前記凹部の側部がパターニングされた第2の膜を得ることと(以下、「工程5」という。)、前記下地膜を溶解して、前記支持体から、前記フィルター膜となる前記第1の膜及び前記第2の膜の積層物を剥離することと(以下、「工程6」という。)、を含む。本実施形態の製造方法により、上述したフィルター膜を製造することができる。図3(a)~(f)は、フィルター膜の製造方法を説明する模式図である。以下、図3(a)~(f)を参照しながら本実施形態の製造方法を説明する。
図3(a)に示すように、本工程では、支持体310上に、溶解可能な下地膜320を積層する。支持体310としては、例えば、電子部品用の基板等を例示することができる。より具体的には、シリコンウェハ、銅、クロム、鉄、アルミニウム等の金属製の基板や、ガラス基板等が挙げられる。
図3(a)に示すように、本工程では、下地膜320上に第1の硬化性樹脂膜330を積層する。具体的には、下地膜320上に硬化性樹脂組成物を塗布することにより、下地膜320上に硬化性樹脂膜330を積層することができる。
多官能エポキシ樹脂とは、1分子中に2個以上のエポキシ基を有する樹脂であり、硬化性樹脂組成物で形成された樹脂膜を硬化させるのに十分な数のエポキシ基を1分子中に含むエポキシ樹脂であれば、どのようなエポキシ樹脂であってもよい。多官能エポキシ樹脂としては、フェノールノボラック型エポキシ樹脂、オルトクレゾールノボラック型エポキシ樹脂、トリフェニル型ノボラック型エポキシ樹脂、ビスフェノールAノボラック型エポキシ樹脂等が挙げられる。
カチオン重合開始剤は、紫外線、遠紫外線、KrF、ArF等のエキシマレーザー光、X線、電子線等の活性エネルギー線の照射を受けてカチオンを発生し、そのカチオンが重合開始剤となり得る化合物である。
硬化性樹脂組成物の溶剤としては、レジストの溶剤として通常用いられるものを特に制限なく用いることができ、例えば、γ-ブチロラクトン等のラクトン類;アセトン、メチルエチルケトン(MEK)、シクロヘキサノン、メチル-n-ペンチルケトン(2-ヘプタノン)、メチルイソペンチルケトン等のケトン類;エチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、ジプロピレングリコール等の多価アルコール類;メトキシブチルアセテート、エチレングリコールモノアセテート、ジエチレングリコールモノアセテート、プロピレングリコールモノアセテート、ジプロピレングリコールモノアセテート等のエステル結合を有する化合物、前記多価アルコール類又は前記エステル結合を有する化合物のモノメチルエーテル、モノエチルエーテル、モノプロピルエーテル、モノブチルエーテル等のモノアルキルエーテル又はモノフェニルエーテル等のエーテル結合を有する化合物等の多価アルコール類の誘導体[これらの中では、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート(PGMEA)、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル(PGME)が好ましい];ジオキサン等の環式エーテル類;乳酸メチル、乳酸エチル(EL)、酢酸メチル、酢酸エチル、酢酸ブチル、ピルビン酸メチル、ピルビン酸エチル、メトキシプロピオン酸メチル、エトキシプロピオン酸エチル等のエステル類;アニソール、エチルベンジルエーテル、クレジルメチルエーテル、ジフェニルエーテル、ジベンジルエーテル、フェネトール、ブチルフェニルエーテル、エチルベンゼン、ジエチルベンゼン、ペンチルベンゼン、イソプロピルベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン、シメン、メシチレン等の芳香族系有機溶剤;ジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)等が挙げられる。中でも、PGMEA、PGME、γ-ブチロラクトン、ELが好ましい。溶剤は、1種を単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を混合して用いてもよい。
例えば、硬化性樹脂膜330の表面に、目的のパターン形状のフォトマスクを載置し、紫外線等の活性エネルギー線を照射する。その後、現像工程、及び必要に応じてポストベーク工程を経ることにより、硬化性樹脂膜330をパターニングすることができる。
図3(d)に示すように、本工程では、第1の膜330a上に第2の硬化性樹脂膜340を積層する。第1の膜330a上に硬化性樹脂組成物を塗布し、硬化性樹脂組成物に含まれる溶剤成分を揮発させることにより、第1の膜330a上に硬化性樹脂膜340を積層することができる。本工程において、硬化性樹脂組成物としては、上述した第1の硬化性樹脂膜330に置けるものと同様のものを用いることができる。
図3(e)に示すように、本工程では、第2の硬化性樹脂膜340をパターニングして、第1の貫通孔110zに連続する第2の貫通孔110y及び凹部120の側部120yがパターニングされた第2の膜340aを得る。硬化性樹脂膜340のパターニングは、上述した硬化性樹脂膜330のパターニングと同様にして行うことができる。凹部120の側部120yは、凹部120の壁部、凹部120の側壁部等といいかえることができる。
図3(e)に示すように、本工程では、下地膜320を溶解して、支持体310から、フィルター膜100となる第1の膜330a及び第2の膜340aの積層物を剥離する。下地膜320の溶解は、工程5で得られた構造体を、下地膜320の材質に対応する剥離剤に浸漬すること等により行うことができる。
以上の工程により、上述したフィルター膜を製造することができる。
本実施形態の構造体は、上述したフィルター膜と、フィルター膜の他方面に対向するように、前記フィルター膜から離間して配置された基板とを備える。上述したように、フィルター膜の一方面とは、フィルター膜の凹部が開口している面である。
本実施形態の粒子を捕捉する方法は、上述したフィルター膜の凹部が開口している側の面(一方面)に、粒子の分散液(懸濁液)を接触させることを含む。本実施形態の方法において、粒子は上述したものと同様である。
本実施形態の細胞の選別方法は、複数の細胞から、分泌物を分泌する目的の細胞を選別する、細胞の選別方法であり、上述した構造体のフィルター膜の凹部が開口している側の面(一方面)に細胞の分散液を接触させて、細胞を凹部1つあたり1単位ずつ捕捉することと、凹部に捕捉された細胞に分泌物を分泌させ、分泌物を、基板の表面の、凹部に近接した領域に蓄積させることと、分泌物の蓄積により生じる変化を検出することと、前記変化を指標として目的の細胞を選別することと、を含む。
(構造体の製造)
図4(a)及び(b)に示すような形状の構造体を製造した。
シリコン基板上に、下地膜形成用組成物をスピンコータ―(1500rpm、20秒)で塗布し、ホットプレートにより90℃で1分間、120℃で3分間プリベークし、下地膜を形成した。
第2の膜を形成後の基板を剥離剤に浸漬し、下地膜を溶解した。この結果、シリコン基板からフィルター膜が剥離した。
《構造体のフレームの製造》
射出形成により、ポリスチレン製のフレームを作製した。
フィルター膜、ポリスチレン製の基板及び前記フレームを接着剤で接合し、実施例1の構造体を得た。フィルター膜は、凹部が開口する面の反対側の面(他方面)が基板と対向するように接合した。フィルター膜の他方面と基板との間の距離は250μmであった。
実施例1と同様の方法により、図4(a)及び(b)に示すような形状の比較例1の構造体を製造した。比較例1の構造体は、実施例1の構造体とフィルター膜の構造のみが異なっていた。比較例1の構造体のフィルター膜は、実施例1の構造体のフィルター膜と、同じ形状、同じサイズ、同じ数の凹部を有していたが、貫通孔を有しないものであった。
(細胞の捕捉効率の評価)
実施例1及び比較例1の構造体を用いて細胞を捕捉し、細胞の捕捉効率を評価した。捕捉する細胞として、生細胞染色用蛍光色素であるCalcein-AM(同仁化学研究所製)で染色したNamalwa細胞を用いた。細胞の培地にはウシ胎仔血清(FBS)を添加したRPMI1640培地を使用した。
(細胞の選別)
実施例1の構造体を用いて、目的タンパク質を発現する細胞の選別を行った。目的タンパク質として、膜タンパク質であるRANKLに対するマウスモノクローナル抗体を使用した。
Claims (9)
- 細胞捕捉用フィルター膜であって、
貫通孔と、細胞1単位を収容可能な大きさを有する凹部とを有し、
前記凹部は、前記細胞捕捉用フィルター膜の一方面に開口しており、
前記一方面における前記貫通孔は、前記細胞1単位が通過できない形状又は大きさであり、
前記貫通孔と前記凹部とが隣接して配置されており、
前記凹部は、前記細胞捕捉用フィルター膜における前記貫通孔の形成されていない部分の表面に設けられている、細胞捕捉用フィルター膜。 - 複数の前記貫通孔及び複数の前記凹部を有し、前記貫通孔の数と前記凹部の数との比(貫通孔:凹部)が、1:5~100:1である、請求項1に記載の細胞捕捉用フィルター膜。
- 前記細胞1単位の投影面積相当径が、0.01μm以上1mm以下である、請求項1又は2に記載の細胞捕捉用フィルター膜。
- 前記貫通孔の面における形状の重心と、前記凹部の面における形状の重心との間の距離が、前記細胞1単位の投影面積相当径の0.5~10倍である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の細胞捕捉用フィルター膜。
- 請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の細胞捕捉用フィルター膜の製造方法であって、
支持体上に、溶解可能な下地膜を積層することと、
前記下地膜上に第1の硬化性樹脂膜を積層することと、
前記第1の硬化性樹脂膜をパターニングして、第1の貫通孔及び前記凹部の底部がパターニングされた第1の膜を得ることと、
前記第1の膜上に第2の硬化性樹脂膜を積層することと、
前記第2の硬化性樹脂膜をパターニングして、前記第1の貫通孔に連続する第2の貫通孔及び前記凹部の側部がパターニングされた第2の膜を得ることと、
前記下地膜を溶解して、前記支持体から、前記細胞捕捉用フィルター膜となる前記第1の膜及び前記第2の膜の積層物を剥離することと、
を含む、細胞捕捉用フィルター膜の製造方法。 - 請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の細胞捕捉用フィルター膜と、
前記細胞捕捉用フィルター膜の他方面に対向するように、前記細胞捕捉用フィルター膜から離間して配置された基板と、
を備える、構造体。 - 細胞又は細胞塊を捕捉する方法であって、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の細胞捕捉用フィルター膜の前記凹部が開口している側の面に、細胞又は細胞塊の分散液を接触させること、を含む、細胞又は細胞塊を捕捉する方法。
- 複数の細胞から、分泌物を分泌する目的の細胞を選別する、細胞の選別方法であって、
請求項6に記載の構造体の前記細胞捕捉用フィルター膜の前記凹部が開口している側の面に前記細胞の分散液を接触させて、前記細胞を前記凹部1つあたり1単位ずつ捕捉することと、
前記凹部に捕捉された前記細胞に前記分泌物を分泌させ、前記分泌物を、前記基板の表面の、前記凹部に近接した領域に蓄積させることと、
前記分泌物の蓄積により生じる変化を検出することと、
前記変化を指標として目的の細胞を選別することと、
を含む、細胞の選別方法。 - 前記基板の表面に、前記分泌物と親和性を有する生体分子の発現細胞が積層されているか、前記分泌物と親和性を有する生体分子が積層されているか、又は、前記分泌物と親和性を有する化合物が積層されている、請求項8に記載の細胞の選別方法。
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