JP7041463B2 - How to build a building - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for constructing a building having a stairwell portion that covers the stairwell space.

Conventionally, some buildings have a stairwell that covers the stairwell space. The structure of such a stairwell includes, for example, a truss frame having a plurality of layers, a plurality of main pillars supporting the truss frame, and a reinforced concrete floor constructed in each layer of the truss frame. It includes a slab and a precast concrete plate (PCa plate) attached to the eaves of the lower surface of the truss frame.

Patent Document 1 discloses a method of constructing a steel-framed building frame. Specifically, the steel columns will be constructed and the roof beams and temporary beams on the top floor will be installed. After that, build a slab from the top floor to the bottom.

Patent Document 2 discloses a tunnel deck mounting device that mounts a deck on the upper part of a tunnel. The floor slab mounting device for tunnels includes a gate-shaped traveling frame that travels along the tunnel, a bracket holding mechanism provided on the traveling frame, and a floor provided on the traveling frame that suspends and supports the deck. It is equipped with a plate transfer mechanism.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 1-256636 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 10-115192

The weight of the PCa plate is about 2 tons per sheet, and when this PCa plate is attached in order from one end side of the truss frame, the attached PCa plate acts as an eccentric load on the truss frame and is large on the truss frame. There was a risk of deformation.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for constructing a building that can prevent a large deformation of the steel frame frame when a precast concrete slab is attached to the eaves portion of the steel frame structure.

As a method of constructing a steel-framed building in which a precast concrete plate is attached to the eaves portion of the atrium space, the present inventors attach the PCa plate to the eaves portion of the steel frame structure and then from the lower floor side to the upper floor. Instead of constructing a steel-framed building toward it, first, without attaching a PCa plate to the eaves, a main pillar or a temporary frame is constructed, and a steel-framed frame is erected on it. After that, floor concrete is cast on-site in the slab part of the steel frame frame to construct a steel frame structure with a floor slab with increased axial rigidity in advance, and then downward to the steel frame structure with a floor slab. The present invention was made by paying attention to the fact that the PCa plate can be attached without causing excessive eccentric displacement in the steel frame frame by constructing the steel-framed building by attaching the eaves PCa plate.

The method for constructing a building according to the first invention is a method for constructing a building (for example, a building 1 described later) having a stairwell portion (for example, a stairwell portion 3 described later) covering the stairwell space, and the structure of the stairwell portion. (For example, the structure 10 described later) includes a steel frame structure having a plurality of layers (for example, a truss frame structure 11 described later) and a plurality of main columns supporting the steel frame structure (for example, described later). The main pillar 12), the precast concrete slab attached to the lower surface of the steel frame structure (for example, the eaves precast concrete slab 30 described later), and the reinforced concrete floor constructed in each layer of the steel frame structure. The book is provided with a slab (for example, a floor slab 13 described later), a step of building the main pillar in the atrium space (for example, steps S1 and S2 described later), and a steel frame structure being constructed. For the step of supporting by the pillars (for example, step S3 described later) and the floor slab of the second layer from the bottom of the steel frame structure, concrete is poured and constructed, and then concrete is sequentially constructed toward the upper layer. A step of constructing a floor slab of each layer (for example, step S6 described later) and a step of lifting the precast concrete slab from below and attaching it to the lower surface of the steel frame frame (for example, a step described later). It is characterized by including S7) and.

If the number of main columns is small, a temporary frame (for example, vents 40A and 40B described later) may be erected in a place that will be a stairwell space, and the steel frame structure may be supported by the temporary frame and the main columns. good.

According to the present invention, with respect to the steel frame structure covering the atrium space, first, a floor slab having a second layer or more from the bottom is arranged at the site and concrete is cast to construct the structure. By placing the floor concrete of each layer in this way, a vertical load is evenly applied to the entire surface of the steel frame structure to ensure the axial rigidity of the steel frame structure. Next, a heavy precast concrete plate (PCa plate) is attached to the eaves portion of the lower surface of the steel frame frame in order from one end side of the steel frame structure. At this time, the PCa plate acts as an eccentric load on the steel frame structure, but since the vertical axial rigidity of the steel frame structure has already been secured, it is possible to prevent large deformation of the steel frame structure. , A building with a stairwell space can be constructed efficiently.

In the method of constructing the building of the second invention, in the step of attaching the precast concrete slab, the work stage at the tip of the boom of the high-altitude work vehicle (for example, the high-altitude work vehicle 45 described later) (for example, the work stage 46 described later). A step of fixing a cushioning material (for example, a foam block body 47 described later) on the cushioning material and temporarily fixing the precast concrete slab to the upper surface of the cushioning material, and raising the work stage to the mounting position of the precast concrete slab. It is characterized by including a step of lifting the precast concrete slab from below and attaching it to the lower surface of the steel frame structure.

According to the present invention, after temporarily fixing the precast concrete slab on the work stage at the tip of the boom of the aerial work platform, the precast concrete slab is lifted from below and attached to the eaves portion of the lower surface of the steel frame structure. Therefore, the precast concrete slab can be attached over a wide area in a short time.

In the process of constructing the steel frame frame, the method of constructing the building of the third invention is a jack (for example, a jack described later) between the temporary frame erected in the atrium space and the steel frame structure. 41) is arranged, the displacement in the vertical direction is measured on the outer peripheral surface of the main column and the temporary frame, and the jack is driven so that the displacement is equal to or less than the allowable value. It is characterized by adjusting the height position of the body.

According to the present invention, vertical displacement is measured on the outer peripheral surface of the main column and on the temporary frame, and the jack is driven so that the displacement is equal to or less than the allowable value, and the height position of the steel frame structure is set. Therefore, it is possible to construct a structure that covers the atrium space with high accuracy.

According to the present invention, when the precast concrete slab is attached to the eaves portion of the steel frame structure, it is possible to prevent the steel frame structure from being significantly deformed.

It is a vertical sectional view of the atrium part of a building constructed by the building construction method which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the steel frame structure provided on the atrium. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. It is a flowchart of the procedure for constructing the structure of the atrium. It is explanatory drawing of the construction procedure of the structure of the atrium (the first, the construction method of the steel frame structure). It is explanatory drawing (2, mounting method of the eaves heaven PC version) of the construction procedure of the structure of the atrium part. It is a side view of the state where the PCa plate is attached to the steel frame structure. It is a top view of the state where the PCa plate is attached to the steel frame structure.

The present invention is a method for constructing a steel-framed building in which a PCa plate is attached to the eaves portion of the atrium space. A steel-framed building is constructed by attaching the eaves PCa version to the frame from below. Specifically, the steel frame frame with floor slabs in which floor concrete is cast on site in the slab part has higher axial rigidity than the steel frame frame structure without floor slabs, and one piece in the eaves part. Even in the work process of attaching the PCa plate having a weight of about 2 tons per unit, the PCa plate can be attached without causing an excessive eccentric displacement in the steel frame structure.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a stairwell portion 3 of a building 1 constructed by the method of constructing a building according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The building 1 has a building main body 2 (see FIG. 2) which is a high-rise building, and a stairwell portion 3 having four floors from the fourth floor to the seventh floor connected to the building main body 2.

The structure 10 of the atrium 3 includes a truss frame 11 as a steel frame structure, a plurality of main pillars 12 supporting the truss frame 11, and floors provided in each layer of the truss frame 11. A slab 13 and an eaves top 14 formed on the lower surface of the truss frame 11 are provided.
In the present embodiment, the steel frame frame is the truss frame 11, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a column-beam frame may be used.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the truss frame 11 at the fourth floor level. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 2 and 3 show a state in which the truss frame 11 is erected on the vents 40A and 40B described later.
The truss frame 11 includes a pair of girders 20 that extend substantially horizontally in each layer and are substantially parallel to each other, a plurality of girders 21 joined to these girders 20, columns 22 and braces 23 that connect the upper and lower girders 20 to each other. , Equipped with.

Hereinafter, the procedure for constructing the structure 10 of the atrium 3 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
In step S1, as shown in FIGS. 2, 3 and 5, vents 40A and 40B as temporary gantry are erected at locations serving as a stairwell space. The vents 40A and 40B are arranged directly below the pillar 22 of the truss frame 11, and a jack 41 is provided at the upper ends of the vents 40A and 40B. Here, the vent 40A is a vent that does not bear the horizontal force when the truss frame 11 is constructed, and the vent 40B is a vent that bears the horizontal force when the truss frame 11 is constructed.

In step S2, as shown in FIG. 5, a pillar foundation 15 is constructed in the ground, and a main pillar 12 is built on the pillar foundation 15.

In step S3, the steel frame of the truss frame 11 is constructed. At this time, the truss frame 11 is supported by the main columns 12 and the vents 40A and 40B. As a result, the jack 41 is arranged between the vents 40A and 40B and the truss frame 11.

When constructing the steel frame of the truss frame 11, a strain gauge 43 is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the main column 12 to measure the vertical load acting on the main column 12 and the displacement in the vertical direction. Further, a strain gauge 44 is attached to the predetermined vents 40A and 40B to measure the vertical load acting on the main pillar 12 and the displacement in the vertical direction to the predetermined vents 40A and 40B.

In FIGS. 2 and 3, the position of the strain gauge 43 is represented by a quadrangle, and the position of the strain gauge 44 is represented by a circle.
Then, the jack 41 is driven to adjust the height position of the truss frame 11 so that the vertical displacements of the main pillar 12 and the predetermined vents 40A and 40B are equal to or less than the allowable value.
Further, the vertical load measured by the main column 12 and the predetermined vents 40A and 40B is confirmed, and it is confirmed that the truss frame is established.

In step S4, as shown in FIG. 6, the jack 41 is jacked down, the support of the truss frame 11 by the vents 40A and 40B is released, and the vents 40A and 40B are disassembled.
In step S5, as shown in FIG. 6, the external scaffold 42 is erected so as to surround the truss frame 11.

In step S6, as shown in FIG. 6, the floor slab 13 of the second layer from the bottom of the truss frame 11 is constructed, and then the floor slab 13 of each layer is sequentially constructed toward the upper layer.

Here, the part of the floor slab 13 on each floor between the girders 20 is constructed by laying a deck plate at the site, arranging reinforcements on the deck plate, and placing concrete on the deck plate. The floor slab 131. On the other hand, the portion of the floor slab 13 on each floor outside the girder 20 is a floor precast concrete slab (floor PCa slab) 132, which is a precast concrete member manufactured in advance at the factory.

Specifically, first, the floor PCa version 132 on the 4th floor is attached. Next, the floor PCa version 132 on the 5th floor is attached, and then the on-site floor slab 131 on the 5th floor is constructed. Next, the floor PCa version 132 on the 6th floor is attached, and then the on-site floor slab 131 on the 6th floor is constructed. Next, the floor PCa version 132 on the 7th floor is attached, and then the on-site floor slab 131 on the 7th floor is constructed.

In step S7, as shown in FIG. 6, the eaves top 14 on the lower surface of the truss frame is constructed. The eaves ceiling portion 14 is constructed by attaching a plurality of eaves ceiling precast concrete plates (eaves ceiling PCa plates) 30 manufactured in advance at the factory.
Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, a foam block body 47 as a cushioning material is fixed on the work stage 46 at the tip of the boom of the aerial work platform 45 with a belt 48, and further foamed. The eaves PCa plate 30 is temporarily fixed to the upper surface of the block body 47 with a belt 48. Next, the work stage 46 is raised to the mounting position of the eaves PCa plate 30, and the eaves PCa plate 30 is lifted from below and mounted on the lower surface of the truss frame 11.

In step S8, the floor slab 13 at the bottom layer of the truss frame 11 is constructed. Specifically, the on-site floor slab 131 on the 4th floor will be constructed.

In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the vents 40A and 40B are erected in the atrium space, and after the main pillar 12 is built, the truss frame 11 is mounted on the main pillar 12 and the vent 40A. The truss frame is supported by 40B, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the truss frame may be supported only by the main column 12 without providing the vents 40A and 40B.

According to this embodiment, there are the following effects.
(1) The truss frame 11 covering the atrium space is first constructed by arranging on-site floor slabs 131 having a second layer or more from the bottom on-site and placing concrete on the site. In this way, by placing floor concrete in each layer in a short time, a vertical load is evenly applied to the entire surface of the truss frame 11, and the axial rigidity of the steel frame structure 11 is increased. Next, the heavy eaves PCa plate 30 is attached to the eaves portion on the lower surface of the truss frame 11 in order from one end side of the truss frame 11. At this time, the eaves PCa version 30 acts as an eccentric load on the truss frame 11, but since the vertical axis rigidity of the truss frame 11 is increased, it is possible to prevent the truss frame 11 from being greatly deformed. Therefore, the building 1 having the atrium space can be efficiently constructed.

(2) After temporarily fixing the eaves PCa plate 30 on the work stage 46 at the tip of the boom of the aerial work platform 45, the eaves PCa plate 30 is lifted from below to the eaves portion on the lower surface of the truss frame 11. Install. Therefore, the eaves PCa version 30 can be attached to a wide range in a short time.

(3) The displacement in the vertical direction is measured by the strain gauge 43 and the strain gauge 44 on the outer peripheral surface of the main column 12 and the vents 40A and 40B, and the jack 41 is driven so that the displacement is equal to or less than the allowable value. By adjusting the height position of the truss frame 11, the installation accuracy of the truss frame 11 to be constructed in advance is controlled, and then the structure 10 of the atrium 3 covering the atrium space is constructed with high accuracy. can.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and modifications, improvements, and the like to the extent that the object of the present invention can be achieved are included in the present invention.
For example, in the above-described embodiment, the atrium space has a structure in contact with the external space as shown in FIG. 1, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the atrium space may be provided inside the building. That is, in the present embodiment, the eaves ceiling PCa plate 30 is attached to the eaves ceiling portion of the atrium portion 3 that covers the atrium space, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the PCa plate may be attached to the ceiling portion of the atrium space inside the building. ..
Further, in the present embodiment, the building is made of steel, but the building is not limited to this and may be made of reinforced concrete.

1 ... Building 2 ... Building body 3 ... Atrium 10 ... Structure 11 ... Truss frame (steel frame frame) 12 ... Main pillar 13 ... Floor slab 14 ... Eaves top 15 ... Pillar foundation 20 ... Girder 21 ... Small Beam 22 ... Pillar 23 ... Brace 30 ... Eaves precast concrete plate 40A, 40B ... Vent (temporary frame) 41 ... Jack 42 ... External scaffolding 43 ... Strain gauge 44 ... Strain meter 45 ... High-altitude work vehicle 46 ... Work stage 47 ... Foam block body (buffer material)
48 ... Belt 131 ... On-site floor slab 132 ... Floor precast concrete slab

Claims (2)

It is a method of constructing a steel-framed building that has a stairwell that covers the stairwell space.
The structure of the atrium includes a steel truss frame having a plurality of layers, a plurality of main columns supporting the truss frame, and a precast concrete plate attached to the lower surface of the truss frame. A reinforced concrete floor slab constructed in each layer of the truss frame is provided.
A process of building the main pillar in the atrium space and erection of a vent at a position different from the main pillar in a plan view.
After the steel frame construction of the truss frame is completed on the main pillar and the vent, and the steel frame construction of the truss frame is completed, the support of the truss frame by the vent is released and the truss frame is released. The process of supporting the body with the main pillar and
For the floor slab of the second layer from the bottom of the truss frame, concrete is poured and constructed, and then concrete is poured sequentially toward the upper layer to construct the floor slab of each layer.
The process of constructing the eaves by lifting and attaching the precast concrete slab from below to the lowermost surface of the truss frame.
Including the step of constructing the floor slab of the lowermost layer of the truss frame.
In the process of attaching the precast concrete slab,
A process of fixing the cushioning material on the work stage at the tip of the boom of the aerial work platform and temporarily fixing the precast concrete slab on the upper surface of the cushioning material.
It includes a step of raising the work stage to the mounting position of the precast concrete slab, lifting the precast concrete slab from below, mounting it on the lowermost surface of the truss frame, and constructing the eaves top portion. How to build a characteristic building. In the steel frame construction of the truss frame, a jack is arranged between the vent erected in the atrium space and the truss frame, and the jack is arranged vertically on the outer peripheral surface of the main column and on the vent. The method for constructing a building according to claim 1 , wherein the displacement in the direction is measured and the height position of the truss frame is adjusted by driving the jack so that the displacement becomes equal to or less than the allowable value. ..

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