JP6970516B2 - Water treatment method using reverse osmosis membrane - Google Patents

Water treatment method using reverse osmosis membrane Download PDF

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JP6970516B2
JP6970516B2 JP2017052287A JP2017052287A JP6970516B2 JP 6970516 B2 JP6970516 B2 JP 6970516B2 JP 2017052287 A JP2017052287 A JP 2017052287A JP 2017052287 A JP2017052287 A JP 2017052287A JP 6970516 B2 JP6970516 B2 JP 6970516B2
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賢吾 河原
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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    • Y02A20/131Reverse-osmosis

Description

本発明は、逆浸透膜を用いる水処理方法および水処理システムに関する。 The present invention relates to a water treatment method and a water treatment system using a reverse osmosis membrane.

各種の水系において、微生物によるさまざまな障害が発生している。例えば、逆浸透膜(RO膜)を用いる逆浸透膜処理においては、被処理水中に含まれる微生物等が装置配管内や逆浸透膜の膜面で増殖してスライムを形成し、透過水量の低下等の障害を引き起こす問題がある。 Various disorders caused by microorganisms occur in various water systems. For example, in reverse osmosis membrane treatment using a reverse osmosis membrane (RO membrane), microorganisms and the like contained in the water to be treated proliferate in the equipment piping and on the membrane surface of the reverse osmosis membrane to form slime, and the amount of permeated water decreases. There is a problem that causes troubles such as.

逆浸透膜(RO膜)を用いる逆浸透膜処理においては、スライム抑制を目的として、各種の塩素系酸化剤や臭素系酸化剤を逆浸透膜の被処理水中に存在させる方法が知られている(特許文献1、特許文献2参照)。臭素系酸化剤としては、次亜塩素酸等の酸化剤と臭化物イオンとの反応物や、次亜臭素酸、または安定化次亜臭素酸組成物等が知られている。 In the reverse osmosis membrane treatment using a reverse osmosis membrane (RO membrane), a method of allowing various chlorine-based oxidants and bromine-based oxidants to exist in the water to be treated of the reverse osmosis membrane is known for the purpose of suppressing slime. (See Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2). As the bromine-based oxidizing agent, a reaction product of an oxidizing agent such as hypochlorous acid and bromide ion, hypobromous acid, a stabilized hypobromous acid composition and the like are known.

このような逆浸透膜処理において、一般に、添加した塩素系酸化剤や臭素系酸化剤の濃度管理は、逆浸透膜装置の入口で全塩素濃度の値に基づいて行っている。 In such a reverse osmosis membrane treatment, the concentration of the added chlorine-based oxidant or bromine-based oxidant is generally controlled based on the value of the total chlorine concentration at the inlet of the reverse osmosis membrane apparatus.

特開2006−263510号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2006-263510 特開2015−062889号公報JP-A-2015-062889

しかし、本発明者の検討の結果、生物処理水を含有する被処理水に安定化次亜臭素酸組成物を添加した場合、逆浸透膜装置の入口における全塩素濃度の値で管理すると、スライムが発生し、透過水量の低下が起こることがわかった。 However, as a result of the study of the present inventor, when the stabilized hypobromous acid composition is added to the water to be treated containing the biologically treated water, the slime is controlled by the value of the total chlorine concentration at the inlet of the reverse osmosis membrane device. It was found that the amount of permeated water decreased.

本発明の目的は、生物処理水を含有する被処理水を逆浸透膜に通水して処理水および濃縮水を得る、逆浸透膜を用いる水処理において、逆浸透膜のスライム抑制効果を有し、かつ透過水量の低下を抑制する、逆浸透膜を用いる水処理方法および水処理システムを提供することにある。 An object of the present invention is to have a slime-suppressing effect of a reverse osmosis membrane in water treatment using a reverse osmosis membrane, in which treated water containing biologically treated water is passed through a reverse osmosis membrane to obtain treated water and concentrated water. It is an object of the present invention to provide a water treatment method and a water treatment system using a reverse osmosis membrane, which suppresses a decrease in the amount of permeated water.

本発明は、生物処理水を含有する被処理水を逆浸透膜に通水して処理水および濃縮水を得る、逆浸透膜を用いる水処理方法であって、前記濃縮水中の遊離塩素濃度が0.05mg/L以上となるように、前記被処理水に臭素系酸化剤とスルファミン酸化合物とを含む安定化次亜臭素酸組成物を存在させ、前記逆浸透膜は、ポリアミド系高分子膜であり、前記被処理水は、アンモニアを含有し、前記被処理水のpHは6.5以上であり、前記被処理水のCODMnは、0.5〜1000mg/Lの範囲である、逆浸透膜を用いる水処理方法である。 The present invention is a water treatment method using a back-penetrating membrane, in which treated water containing biologically treated water is passed through a back-penetrating membrane to obtain treated water and concentrated water, wherein the free chlorine concentration in the concentrated water is high. A stabilized hypobromic acid composition containing a bromine-based oxidizing agent and a sulfamic acid compound is present in the water to be treated so as to be 0.05 mg / L or more, and the back-penetrating film is a polyamide-based polymer film. The water to be treated contains ammonia, the pH of the water to be treated is 6.5 or more, and the CODMn of the water to be treated is in the range of 0.5 to 1000 mg / L. It is a water treatment method using a membrane.

本発明は、生物処理水を含有する被処理水を逆浸透膜に通水して処理水および濃縮水を得る、逆浸透膜を用いる水処理方法であって、前記濃縮水中の遊離塩素濃度が0.05mg/L以上となるように、前記被処理水に臭素とスルファミン酸化合物とを含む安定化次亜臭素酸組成物を存在させ、前記逆浸透膜は、ポリアミド系高分子膜であり、前記被処理水は、アンモニアを含有し、前記被処理水のpHは6.5以上であり、前記被処理水のCODMnは、0.5〜1000mg/Lの範囲である、逆浸透膜を用いる水処理方法である。 The present invention is a water treatment method using a back-penetrating membrane, in which treated water containing biologically treated water is passed through a back-penetrating membrane to obtain treated water and concentrated water, wherein the free chlorine concentration in the concentrated water is high. A stabilized hypobromic acid composition containing bromine and a sulfamic acid compound is present in the water to be treated so as to be 0.05 mg / L or more, and the back-penetration film is a polyamide-based polymer film. The water to be treated contains ammonia, the pH of the water to be treated is 6.5 or more, and the CODMn of the water to be treated is in the range of 0.5 to 1000 mg / L. It is a water treatment method.

本発明は、生物処理水を含有する被処理水を逆浸透膜に通水して処理水および濃縮水を得る、逆浸透膜を用いる水処理システムであって、逆浸透膜を有する逆浸透膜処理装置と、前記濃縮水中の遊離塩素濃度が0.05mg/L以上となるように、前記被処理水に臭素系酸化剤とスルファミン酸化合物とを含む安定化次亜臭素酸組成物を添加する添加手段と、を備え、前記逆浸透膜は、ポリアミド系高分子膜であり、前記被処理水のCODMnは、0.5〜1000mg/Lの範囲である、逆浸透膜を用いる水処理システムである。 The present invention is a water treatment system using a back-penetrating membrane, in which treated water containing biologically treated water is passed through a back-penetrating membrane to obtain treated water and concentrated water. A stabilized hypobromic acid composition containing a bromine-based oxidizing agent and a sulfamic acid compound is added to the water to be treated so that the free chlorine concentration in the concentrated water becomes 0.05 mg / L or more. comprising an additive means, the reverse osmosis membrane, Ri Oh polyamide polymer membrane, CODMn of the water to be treated, area by der of 0.5-1000 mg / L, water treatment using a reverse osmosis membrane It is a system.

本発明は、生物処理水を含有する被処理水を逆浸透膜に通水して処理水および濃縮水を得る逆浸透膜を用いる水処理システムであって、逆浸透膜を有する逆浸透膜処理装置と、前記濃縮水中の遊離塩素濃度が0.05mg/L以上となるように、前記被処理水に臭素とスルファミン酸化合物とを含む安定化次亜臭素酸組成物を添加する添加手段と、を備え、前記逆浸透膜は、ポリアミド系高分子膜であり、前記被処理水のCODMnは、0.5〜1000mg/Lの範囲である、逆浸透膜を用いる水処理システムである。 The present invention is a water treatment system using a back-penetrating membrane that obtains treated water and concentrated water by passing water to be treated containing biologically treated water through a back-penetrating membrane, and is a back-penetrating membrane treatment having a back-penetrating membrane. An apparatus and an addition means for adding a stabilized hypobromic acid composition containing bromine and a sulfamic acid compound to the water to be treated so that the free chlorine concentration in the concentrated water is 0.05 mg / L or more. wherein the reverse osmosis membrane, Ri Oh polyamide polymer membrane, CODMn of the water to be treated, area by der of 0.5-1000 mg / L, a water treatment system using a reverse osmosis membrane.

本発明は、生物処理装置と、前記生物処理装置により得られた生物処理水を含有する被処理水を逆浸透膜に通水して処理水および濃縮水を得る逆浸透膜処理装置と、前記濃縮水中の遊離塩素濃度が0.05mg/L以上となるように、前記被処理水に臭素系酸化剤とスルファミン酸化合物とを含む安定化次亜臭素酸組成物を添加する添加手段と、を備え、前記逆浸透膜は、ポリアミド系高分子膜であり、前記被処理水のCODMnは、0.5〜1000mg/Lの範囲である、逆浸透膜を用いる水処理システムである。 The present invention comprises a biological treatment apparatus, a reverse osmosis membrane treatment apparatus for obtaining treated water and concentrated water by passing water to be treated containing the biologically treated water obtained by the biological treatment apparatus through a reverse osmosis membrane. An addition means for adding a stabilized hypobromic acid composition containing a bromine-based oxidizing agent and a sulfamic acid compound to the water to be treated so that the free chlorine concentration in the concentrated water is 0.05 mg / L or more. wherein the reverse osmosis membrane, Ri Oh polyamide polymer membrane, CODMn of the water to be treated, area by der of 0.5-1000 mg / L, a water treatment system using a reverse osmosis membrane.

本発明は、生物処理装置と、前記生物処理装置により得られた生物処理水を含有する被処理水を逆浸透膜に通水して処理水および濃縮水を得る逆浸透膜処理装置と、前記濃縮水中の遊離塩素濃度が0.05mg/L以上となるように、前記被処理水に臭素とスルファミン酸化合物とを含む安定化次亜臭素酸組成物を添加する添加手段と、を備え、前記逆浸透膜は、ポリアミド系高分子膜であり、前記被処理水のCODMnは、0.5〜1000mg/Lの範囲である、逆浸透膜を用いる水処理システムである。 The present invention comprises a biological treatment apparatus, a reverse osmosis membrane treatment apparatus for obtaining treated water and concentrated water by passing water to be treated containing the biologically treated water obtained by the biological treatment apparatus through a reverse osmosis membrane. A means for adding a stabilized hypobromic acid composition containing bromine and a sulfamic acid compound to the water to be treated is provided so that the free chlorine concentration in the concentrated water is 0.05 mg / L or more. reverse osmosis membranes, Ri Oh polyamide polymer membrane, the CODMn of water to be treated, area by der of 0.5-1000 mg / L, a water treatment system using a reverse osmosis membrane.

本発明では、生物処理水を含有する被処理水を逆浸透膜に通水して処理水および濃縮水を得る逆浸透膜を用いる水処理において、逆浸透膜のスライム抑制効果を有し、かつ透過水量の低下を抑制することができる。 In the present invention, in water treatment using a reverse osmosis membrane in which treated water containing biologically treated water is passed through a reverse osmosis membrane to obtain treated water and concentrated water, the reverse osmosis membrane has a slime-suppressing effect. It is possible to suppress a decrease in the amount of permeated water.

本発明の実施形態に係る逆浸透膜を用いる水処理システムの一例を示す概略構成図である。It is a schematic block diagram which shows an example of the water treatment system using the reverse osmosis membrane which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係る逆浸透膜を用いる水処理システムの他の例を示す概略構成図である。It is a schematic block diagram which shows another example of the water treatment system using the reverse osmosis membrane which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係る逆浸透膜を用いる水処理システムの他の例を示す概略構成図である。It is a schematic block diagram which shows another example of the water treatment system using the reverse osmosis membrane which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 比較例4における、通水時間(hr)に対するFlux保持率(%)および通水差圧(MPa)を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the Lux retention rate (%) and the water flow differential pressure (MPa) with respect to the water flow time (hr) in the comparative example 4. 比較例4における、通水時間(hr)に対するRO濃縮水の生菌数(CFU/mL)を示すグラフである。6 is a graph showing the viable cell count (CFU / mL) of RO concentrated water with respect to the water flow time (hr) in Comparative Example 4. 比較例4における、通水時間(hr)に対するRO濃縮水の全塩素濃度(mg/L)および遊離塩素濃度(mg/L)を示すグラフである。6 is a graph showing the total chlorine concentration (mg / L) and free chlorine concentration (mg / L) of RO concentrated water with respect to the water flow time (hr) in Comparative Example 4. 実施例3における、通水時間(hr)に対するFlux保持率(%)および通水差圧(MPa)を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the Lux retention rate (%) and the water flow differential pressure (MPa) with respect to the water flow time (hr) in Example 3. FIG. 実施例3における、通水時間(hr)に対するRO濃縮水の生菌数(CFU/mL)を示すグラフである。3 is a graph showing the viable cell count (CFU / mL) of RO concentrated water with respect to the water flow time (hr) in Example 3. 実施例3における、通水時間(hr)に対するRO濃縮水の全塩素濃度(mg/L)および遊離塩素濃度(mg/L)を示すグラフである。3 is a graph showing the total chlorine concentration (mg / L) and free chlorine concentration (mg / L) of RO concentrated water with respect to the water flow time (hr) in Example 3.

本発明の実施の形態について以下説明する。本実施形態は本発明を実施する一例であって、本発明は本実施形態に限定されるものではない。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. The present embodiment is an example of carrying out the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the present embodiment.

本実施形態に係る逆浸透膜を用いる水処理システム1は、逆浸透膜を有する逆浸透膜処理装置12を備える。水処理システム1は、被処理水を貯留する被処理水槽10を備えてもよい。 The water treatment system 1 using the reverse osmosis membrane according to the present embodiment includes a reverse osmosis membrane treatment device 12 having a reverse osmosis membrane. The water treatment system 1 may include a water tank 10 to be treated for storing water to be treated.

図1の水処理システム1において、被処理水槽10の入口には被処理水配管18が接続され、被処理水槽10の出口と逆浸透膜処理装置12の入口とは、ポンプ14を介して被処理水供給配管20により接続されている。逆浸透膜処理装置12の透過水出口には透過水配管22が接続され、濃縮水出口には濃縮水配管24が接続されている。濃縮水配管24には、濃縮水の遊離塩素濃度を測定する遊離塩素濃度測定手段として、遊離塩素濃度測定装置16が接続されている。被処理水槽10には、スライム抑制剤である安定化次亜臭素酸組成物を添加する添加手段として、添加配管26が接続されている。被処理水槽10には、被処理水の遊離塩素濃度を測定する遊離塩素濃度測定手段として、遊離塩素濃度測定装置30が設置されている。被処理水槽10には、被処理水のpHを調整するpH調整手段として、pH調整剤添加配管28が接続されていてもよい。 In the water treatment system 1 of FIG. 1, a water pipe 18 to be treated is connected to the inlet of the water tank 10 to be treated, and the outlet of the water tank 10 to be treated and the inlet of the reverse osmosis membrane treatment device 12 are covered via a pump 14. It is connected by a treated water supply pipe 20. A permeated water pipe 22 is connected to the permeated water outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane treatment device 12, and a concentrated water pipe 24 is connected to the concentrated water outlet. A free chlorine concentration measuring device 16 is connected to the concentrated water pipe 24 as a free chlorine concentration measuring means for measuring the free chlorine concentration of the concentrated water. An addition pipe 26 is connected to the water tank 10 to be treated as an addition means for adding a stabilized hypobromous acid composition which is a slime inhibitor. In the water tank 10 to be treated, a free chlorine concentration measuring device 30 is installed as a free chlorine concentration measuring means for measuring the free chlorine concentration of the water to be treated. A pH adjuster addition pipe 28 may be connected to the water tank 10 to be treated as a pH adjusting means for adjusting the pH of the water to be treated.

本実施形態に係る逆浸透膜を用いる水処理方法および逆浸透膜を用いる水処理システム1の動作について説明する。 The operation of the water treatment method using the reverse osmosis membrane and the water treatment system 1 using the reverse osmosis membrane according to the present embodiment will be described.

生物処理水を含有する被処理水は、被処理水配管18を通して必要に応じて被処理水槽10に貯留される。被処理水槽10において被処理水に安定化次亜臭素酸組成物が添加配管26を通して添加される(安定化次亜臭素酸組成物添加工程)。必要に応じてpH調整剤がpH調整剤添加配管28を通して添加された(pH調整工程)後、被処理水は、ポンプ14により被処理水供給配管20を通して、逆浸透膜処理装置12に供給される。逆浸透膜処理装置12において、被処理水の逆浸透膜処理が行われる(逆浸透膜処理工程)。逆浸透膜処理で得られた透過水は、透過水配管22を通して排出され、濃縮水は、濃縮水配管24を通して排出される。被処理水槽10において遊離塩素濃度測定装置30によって被処理水の遊離塩素濃度が測定されるか、または濃縮水配管24において遊離塩素濃度測定装置16によって濃縮水の遊離塩素濃度が測定される(遊離塩素濃度測定工程)。なお、安定化次亜臭素酸組成物、pH調整剤は、被処理水配管18において被処理水に添加されてもよく、被処理水供給配管20におけるポンプ14の吸込側、吐出側において被処理水に添加されてもよい。また、遊離塩素濃度測定装置30による遊離塩素濃度測定は、添加配管26の後段であれば、被処理水配管18において行われてもよいし、被処理水供給配管20におけるポンプ14の吸込側、吐出側において行われてもよい。 The water to be treated containing the biologically treated water is stored in the water tank 10 to be treated as needed through the water to be treated pipe 18. The stabilized hypobromous acid composition is added to the water to be treated in the water tank 10 to be treated through the addition pipe 26 (stabilized hypobromous acid composition addition step). After the pH adjuster is added as needed through the pH adjuster addition pipe 28 (pH adjustment step), the water to be treated is supplied to the reverse osmosis membrane treatment device 12 through the water supply pipe 20 to be treated by the pump 14. NS. In the reverse osmosis membrane treatment apparatus 12, the reverse osmosis membrane treatment of the water to be treated is performed (reverse osmosis membrane treatment step). The permeated water obtained by the reverse osmosis membrane treatment is discharged through the permeated water pipe 22, and the concentrated water is discharged through the concentrated water pipe 24. The free chlorine concentration of the water to be treated is measured by the free chlorine concentration measuring device 30 in the water tank 10 to be treated, or the free chlorine concentration of the concentrated water is measured by the free chlorine concentration measuring device 16 in the concentrated water pipe 24 (free). Chlorine concentration measurement process). The stabilized hypobromous acid composition and pH adjuster may be added to the water to be treated in the water to be treated 18 and to be treated on the suction side and the discharge side of the pump 14 in the water supply pipe 20 to be treated. It may be added to water. Further, the free chlorine concentration measurement by the free chlorine concentration measuring device 30 may be performed in the water to be treated pipe 18 as long as it is after the addition pipe 26, or the suction side of the pump 14 in the water supply pipe 20 to be treated. It may be performed on the discharge side.

上記の通り、生物処理水を含有する被処理水に安定化次亜臭素酸組成物を添加した場合、逆浸透膜装置の入口における全塩素濃度の値で管理すると、スライムが発生し、透過水量の低下が起こることある。安定化次亜臭素酸組成物は、水中において、通常、測定した全塩素濃度の値と遊離塩素濃度の値が同じである。しかしながら本発明者の検討の結果、生物処理水を含有する被処理水に安定化次亜臭素酸組成物を添加した場合、全塩素濃度の値と遊離塩素濃度の値が解離することを見出した。一般に生物処理水中にはアンモニアや、還元性無機物(HS、Fe2+等)、各種有機物等が含まれている。これらは遊離塩素を消費させ、殺菌の効果が低い結合塩素や殺菌の効果を発揮しない無効な塩素に変えてしまうと考えられる。全塩素とは遊離塩素と結合塩素の合計であり、遊離塩素の方が結合塩素より殺菌の効果が高い。全塩素濃度の値と遊離塩素濃度の値が解離するということは殺菌の効果が高い遊離塩素の濃度が減り、殺菌の効果が低い結合塩素の濃度が増えていると考えられる。このため、生物処理水を含有する被処理水を逆浸透膜に通水する場合、全塩素濃度で管理するのではなく、遊離塩素濃度で管理する必要があると推察される。 As described above, when the stabilized hypobromous acid composition is added to the water to be treated containing the biologically treated water, slime is generated and the amount of permeated water is generated when the total chlorine concentration is controlled at the inlet of the reverse osmosis membrane device. May occur. The stabilized hypobromous acid composition usually has the same measured total chlorine concentration value and free chlorine concentration value in water. However, as a result of the study by the present inventor, it has been found that when the stabilized hypobromous acid composition is added to the water to be treated containing the biologically treated water, the total chlorine concentration value and the free chlorine concentration value are dissociated. .. Generally, ammonia is the biological treatment water, a reducing inorganic (H 2 S, Fe 2+, etc.), various organic matter are included. It is thought that these consume free chlorine and change it into bound chlorine, which has a low bactericidal effect, or invalid chlorine, which does not exert a bactericidal effect. Total chlorine is the total of free chlorine and bound chlorine, and free chlorine has a higher bactericidal effect than bound chlorine. The dissociation between the total chlorine concentration value and the free chlorine concentration value is considered to indicate that the concentration of free chlorine, which has a high bactericidal effect, decreases, and the concentration of bound chlorine, which has a low bactericidal effect, increases. Therefore, when the water to be treated containing the biologically treated water is passed through the reverse osmosis membrane, it is presumed that it is necessary to control the free chlorine concentration instead of controlling the total chlorine concentration.

本発明者は、生物処理水を含有する被処理水を逆浸透膜に通水して処理水および濃縮水を得る逆浸透膜処理において、逆浸透膜の長期的なスライム抑制効果を有し、かつ透過水量の低下を抑制するために、被処理水または濃縮水中の遊離塩素濃度が0.05mg/L以上となるように、被処理水に安定化次亜臭素酸組成物を存在させることが重要であることを見出した。 The present inventor has a long-term slime-suppressing effect of a reverse osmosis membrane in a reverse osmosis membrane treatment in which treated water containing biologically treated water is passed through a reverse osmosis membrane to obtain treated water and concentrated water. Moreover, in order to suppress the decrease in the amount of permeated water, the stabilized hypobromic acid composition may be present in the water to be treated so that the free chlorine concentration in the water to be treated or the concentrated water is 0.05 mg / L or more. I found it important.

このように、本実施形態に係る逆浸透膜を用いる水処理方法では、被処理水または濃縮水中の遊離塩素濃度が0.05mg/L以上となるように、被処理水に臭素系酸化剤とスルファミン酸化合物とを含む安定化次亜臭素酸組成物を存在させる。「臭素系酸化剤とスルファミン酸化合物とを含む安定化次亜臭素酸組成物」は、「臭素系酸化剤」と「スルファミン酸化合物」との混合物を含む安定化次亜臭素酸組成物であってもよいし、「臭素系酸化剤とスルファミン酸化合物との反応生成物」を含む安定化次亜臭素酸組成物であってもよい。 As described above, in the water treatment method using the reverse osmosis membrane according to the present embodiment, the water to be treated is mixed with a bromine-based oxidizing agent so that the free chlorine concentration in the water to be treated or the concentrated water is 0.05 mg / L or more. A stabilized hypobromic acid composition comprising a sulfamic acid compound is present. The "stabilized hypobromous acid composition containing a bromine-based oxidizing agent and a sulfamic acid compound" is a stabilized hypobromous acid composition containing a mixture of a "bromine-based oxidizing agent" and a "sulfamic acid compound". It may be a stabilized hypobromous acid composition containing "a reaction product of a bromine-based oxidizing agent and a sulfamic acid compound".

すなわち、本実施形態に係る逆浸透膜を用いる水処理方法は、被処理水または濃縮水中の遊離塩素濃度が0.05mg/L以上となるように、被処理水に、「臭素系酸化剤」と「スルファミン酸化合物」との混合物を存在させる方法である。これにより、被処理水中で、安定化次亜臭素酸組成物が生成すると考えられる。 That is, in the water treatment method using the reverse osmosis membrane according to the present embodiment, the "bromine-based oxidizing agent" is added to the water to be treated so that the free chlorine concentration in the water to be treated or the concentrated water is 0.05 mg / L or more. Is a method of allowing a mixture of "sulfamic acid compound" to exist. It is considered that this produces a stabilized hypobromous acid composition in the water to be treated.

また、本実施形態に係る逆浸透膜を用いる水処理方法は、被処理水または濃縮水中の遊離塩素濃度が0.05mg/L以上となるように、被処理水に、「臭素系酸化剤とスルファミン酸化合物との反応生成物」である安定化次亜臭素酸組成物を存在させる方法である。 Further, in the water treatment method using the back-penetrating film according to the present embodiment, the water to be treated is charged with a "bromium-based oxidizing agent" so that the free chlorine concentration in the water to be treated or concentrated water is 0.05 mg / L or more. It is a method for allowing a stabilized hypobromous acid composition which is a "reaction product with a sulfamic acid compound" to exist.

具体的には本実施形態に係る逆浸透膜を用いる水処理方法は、被処理水に、例えば、「臭素」、「塩化臭素」、「次亜臭素酸」または「臭化ナトリウムと次亜塩素酸との反応物」と、「スルファミン酸化合物」との混合物を存在させる方法である。 Specifically, in the water treatment method using the back-penetrating film according to the present embodiment, the water to be treated is, for example, "bromine", "bromine chloride", "hypobromous acid" or "sodium bromide and hypochlorous acid". It is a method of allowing a mixture of "a reaction product with an acid" and "a sulfamic acid compound" to exist.

また、本実施形態に係る逆浸透膜を用いる水処理方法は、被処理水に、例えば、「臭素とスルファミン酸化合物との反応生成物」、「塩化臭素とスルファミン酸化合物との反応生成物」、「次亜臭素酸とスルファミン酸化合物との反応生成物」、または「臭化ナトリウムと次亜塩素酸との反応物と、スルファミン酸化合物と、の反応生成物」である安定化次亜臭素酸組成物を存在させる方法である。 Further, in the water treatment method using the back-penetrating film according to the present embodiment, for example, "reaction product of bromine and sulfamic acid compound" and "reaction product of bromine chloride and sulfamic acid compound" are applied to the water to be treated. , "Reaction product of hypobromic acid and sulfamic acid compound", or "Reaction product of sodium bromide and hypochlorite and sulfamic acid compound", stabilized hypobromine A method of allowing an acid composition to be present.

これらの方法により、生物処理水を含有する被処理水を逆浸透膜に通水して処理水および濃縮水を得る逆浸透膜を用いる水処理において、逆浸透膜のスライム抑制効果を有し、かつ透過水量の低下を抑制することができる。 By these methods, in water treatment using a reverse osmosis membrane in which treated water containing biologically treated water is passed through a reverse osmosis membrane to obtain treated water and concentrated water, the reverse osmosis membrane has a slime suppressing effect. Moreover, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the amount of permeated water.

本実施形態に係る逆浸透膜を用いる水処理方法および水処理システムにおいて、安定化次亜臭素酸組成物は次亜塩素酸等の塩素系酸化剤と同等以上のスライム抑制効果を発揮するにも関わらず、塩素系酸化剤と比較すると、逆浸透膜への劣化影響が低い。このため、本実施形態に係る逆浸透膜を用いる水処理方法および水処理システムで用いられる安定化次亜臭素酸組成物は、生物処理水を含有する被処理水を逆浸透膜で処理する水処理方法で用いるスライム抑制剤としては好適である。 In the water treatment method and water treatment system using the reverse osmosis membrane according to the present embodiment, the stabilized hypobromous acid composition also exhibits a slime suppressing effect equal to or higher than that of a chlorine-based oxidizing agent such as hypochlorous acid. Nevertheless, the deterioration effect on the reverse osmosis membrane is lower than that of the chlorine-based oxidant. Therefore, the stabilized hypobromic acid composition used in the water treatment method using the reverse osmosis membrane and the water treatment system according to the present embodiment is water in which the water to be treated containing the biologically treated water is treated with the reverse osmosis membrane. It is suitable as a slime inhibitor used in the treatment method.

本実施形態に係る逆浸透膜を用いる水処理方法および水処理システムにおいて、逆浸透膜を備える逆浸透膜装置へ給水される被処理水のpHが5.5以上であることが好ましく、6.0以上であることがより好ましく、6.5以上であることがさらに好ましい。被処理水のpHが5.5未満であると、透過水量が低下する場合がある。また、被処理水のpHの上限値については、通常の逆浸透膜の適用上限pH(例えば、pH10)以下であれば特に制限はないが、カルシウム等の硬度成分のスケール析出を考慮すると、pHは例えば9.0以下で運転することが好ましい。本実施形態に係る逆浸透膜を用いる水処理方法を使用する場合、被処理水のpHが5.5以上で運転することにより、逆浸透膜の劣化、処理水(透過水)の水質悪化を抑制し、十分なスライム抑制効果を発揮しつつ、十分な透過水量の確保も可能となる。 In the water treatment method and water treatment system using the reverse osmosis membrane according to the present embodiment, the pH of the water to be treated to be supplied to the reverse osmosis membrane apparatus provided with the reverse osmosis membrane is preferably 5.5 or higher. It is more preferably 0 or more, and further preferably 6.5 or more. If the pH of the water to be treated is less than 5.5, the amount of permeated water may decrease. The upper limit of the pH of the water to be treated is not particularly limited as long as it is equal to or lower than the applicable upper limit pH of a normal reverse osmosis membrane (for example, pH 10), but considering the scale precipitation of hardness components such as calcium, the pH is Is preferably operated at, for example, 9.0 or less. When the water treatment method using the reverse osmosis membrane according to the present embodiment is used, the reverse osmosis membrane is deteriorated and the quality of the treated water (permeated water) is deteriorated by operating the water to be treated at a pH of 5.5 or higher. It is possible to secure a sufficient amount of permeated water while suppressing and exerting a sufficient slime suppressing effect.

本実施形態に係る逆浸透膜を用いる水処理方法および水処理システムでは、被処理水または濃縮水中の全塩素濃度ではなく、遊離塩素濃度が0.05mg/L以上となるように、被処理水に安定化次亜臭素酸組成物を存在させる。被処理水または濃縮水中の遊離塩素濃度が、0.05mg/L以上100mg/L未満の範囲となるように維持することがより好ましく、0.05mg/L以上10mg/L未満の範囲となるように維持することがさらに好ましく、0.05mg/L以上5.0mg/L未満の範囲となるように維持することが特に好ましい。被処理水または濃縮水中の遊離塩素濃度が0.05mg/L未満の場合、スライムが十分に抑制できず、100mg/L以上であると逆浸透膜を劣化させるおそれがある。被処理水または濃縮水中の全塩素濃度が0.05mg/L以上であっても、被処理水中のアンモニアや、還元性無機物(HS、Fe2+等)、各種有機物等の含有量等によって被処理水または濃縮水中の遊離塩素濃度が0.05mg/L未満となり、スライムが抑制できないため、被処理水または濃縮水中の全塩素濃度管理だけでは不十分である。 In the water treatment method and water treatment system using the reverse osmosis membrane according to the present embodiment, the water to be treated is not the total chlorine concentration in the water to be treated or the concentrated water, but the free chlorine concentration is 0.05 mg / L or more. A stabilized hypobromic acid composition is present in the water. It is more preferable to maintain the free chlorine concentration in the water to be treated or concentrated water in the range of 0.05 mg / L or more and less than 100 mg / L, and more preferably in the range of 0.05 mg / L or more and less than 10 mg / L. It is more preferable to maintain the temperature at, and it is particularly preferable to maintain the temperature in the range of 0.05 mg / L or more and less than 5.0 mg / L. If the free chlorine concentration in the water to be treated or concentrated water is less than 0.05 mg / L, slime cannot be sufficiently suppressed, and if it is 100 mg / L or more, the reverse osmosis membrane may be deteriorated. Even the water to be treated or the total chlorine concentration in the concentrate water is 0.05 mg / L or more, ammonia and water to be treated, reducing inorganic (H 2 S, Fe 2+, etc.), depending on the content or the like of various organic materials Since the free chlorine concentration in the water to be treated or concentrated water is less than 0.05 mg / L and slime cannot be suppressed, it is not sufficient to control the total chlorine concentration in the water to be treated or concentrated water.

本実施形態に係る逆浸透膜を用いる水処理方法および水処理システムにおいて、「臭素系酸化剤とスルファミン酸化合物とを含む安定化次亜臭素酸組成物」の場合、塩素系酸化剤が存在しないため、逆浸透膜への劣化影響がより低く、逆浸透膜の長期的なスライム抑制効果を有する。塩素系酸化剤を含む場合は、塩素酸の生成が懸念される。 In the water treatment method and water treatment system using the reverse osmosis membrane according to the present embodiment, in the case of "stabilized hypobromous acid composition containing a bromine-based oxidant and a sulfamic acid compound", no chlorine-based oxidant is present. Therefore, the deterioration effect on the reverse osmosis membrane is lower, and the reverse osmosis membrane has a long-term slime suppressing effect. When a chlorine-based oxidant is contained, there is concern about the production of chloric acid.

本実施形態に係る逆浸透膜を用いる水処理方法および水処理システムにおいて、「臭素系酸化剤」が、臭素である場合、塩素系酸化剤が存在しないため、逆浸透膜への劣化影響が著しく低く、逆浸透膜のより長期的なスライム抑制効果を有する。 In the water treatment method and water treatment system using the reverse osmosis membrane according to the present embodiment, when the "bromine-based oxidant" is bromine, the influence of deterioration on the reverse osmosis membrane is remarkable because the chlorine-based oxidant does not exist. It is low and has a longer-term slime-suppressing effect on reverse osmosis membranes.

本実施形態に係る逆浸透膜を用いる水処理方法および水処理システムでは、例えば、被処理水中に、「臭素系酸化剤」と「スルファミン酸化合物」とを薬注ポンプ等により注入してもよい。「臭素系酸化剤」と「スルファミン酸化合物」とは別々に被処理水に添加してもよく、または、原液同士で混合させてから被処理水に添加してもよい。 In the water treatment method and water treatment system using the reverse osmosis membrane according to the present embodiment, for example, the "bromine-based oxidant" and the "sulfamic acid compound" may be injected into the water to be treated by a chemical injection pump or the like. .. The "bromine-based oxidizing agent" and the "sulfamic acid compound" may be added to the water to be treated separately, or the stock solutions may be mixed with each other and then added to the water to be treated.

また、例えば、被処理水中に、「臭素系酸化剤とスルファミン酸化合物との反応生成物」を薬注ポンプ等により注入してもよい。 Further, for example, "a reaction product of a bromine-based oxidizing agent and a sulfamic acid compound" may be injected into the water to be treated by a chemical injection pump or the like.

遊離塩素濃度測定手段としては、安定化次亜臭素酸組成物が添加された被処理水または濃縮水の安定化次亜臭素酸組成物の濃度を遊離塩素濃度として測定することができるものであればよく、特に制限はないが、例えば、ジエチル−p−フェニレンジアミン(DPD)比色法、ジエチル−p−フェニレンジアミン(DPD)吸光光度法、電流滴定法、ジエチル−p−フェニレンジアミン(DPD)滴定法、ヨウ素滴定法、ポーラログラフ法、オルトトリジン法等による測定装置が挙げられる。 As the means for measuring the free chlorine concentration, any means capable of measuring the concentration of the stabilized hypobromic acid composition in the water to be treated or the concentrated water to which the stabilized hypobromic acid composition is added as the free chlorine concentration. It is not particularly limited, but for example, diethyl-p-phenylenediamine (DPD) colorimetric method, diethyl-p-phenylenediamine (DPD) absorptiometry, current titration method, diethyl-p-phenylenediamine (DPD). Examples thereof include a measuring device by a titration method, an iodine titration method, a polarograph method, an orthotridin method, or the like.

本実施形態に係る逆浸透膜を用いる水処理方法および水処理システムにおいて、「臭素系酸化剤」の当量に対する「スルファミン酸化合物」の当量の比は、1以上であることが好ましく、1以上2以下の範囲であることがより好ましい。「臭素系酸化剤」の当量に対する「スルファミン酸化合物」の当量の比が1未満であると、膜を劣化させる可能性があり、2を超えると、製造コストが増加する場合がある。 In the water treatment method and water treatment system using the reverse osmosis membrane according to the present embodiment, the ratio of the equivalent of the "sulfamic acid compound" to the equivalent of the "bromine-based oxidizing agent" is preferably 1 or more, preferably 1 or more. The following range is more preferable. If the ratio of the equivalent of the "sulfamic acid compound" to the equivalent of the "bromine-based oxidant" is less than 1, the film may be deteriorated, and if it exceeds 2, the production cost may increase.

臭素系酸化剤としては、臭素(液体臭素)、塩化臭素、臭素酸、臭素酸塩、次亜臭素酸等が挙げられる。次亜臭素酸は、臭化ナトリウム等の臭化物と次亜塩素酸等の塩素系酸化剤とを反応させて生成させたものであってもよい。 Examples of the bromine-based oxidizing agent include bromine (liquid bromine), bromine chloride, bromic acid, bromate, hypobromous acid and the like. Hypobromous acid may be produced by reacting a bromide such as sodium bromide with a chlorine-based oxidizing agent such as hypochlorous acid.

これらのうち、臭素を用いた「臭素とスルファミン酸化合物(臭素とスルファミン酸化合物の混合物)」または「臭素とスルファミン酸化合物との反応生成物」の製剤は、「次亜塩素酸と臭素化合物とスルファミン酸」の製剤および「塩化臭素とスルファミン酸」の製剤等に比べて、臭素酸の副生が少なく、逆浸透膜をより劣化させないため、逆浸透膜用スライム抑制剤としてはより好ましい。 Of these, the preparations of "bromic acid and sulfamic acid compound (mixture of bromic acid and sulfamic acid compound)" or "reaction product of bromic acid and sulfamic acid compound" using bromine are "hypochloric acid and bromic acid compound". Compared with the preparations of "sulfamic acid" and "bromine chloride and sulfamic acid", the by-product of bromic acid is less and the back-penetrating film is not further deteriorated, so that it is more preferable as a slime inhibitor for back-penetrating film.

すなわち、本発明の実施形態に係る逆浸透膜を用いる水処理方法および水処理システムにおいて、被処理水または記濃縮水中の遊離塩素濃度が0.05mg/L以上となるように、被処理水に、臭素と、スルファミン酸化合物とを存在させる(臭素とスルファミン酸化合物の混合物を存在させる)ことが好ましい。また、被処理水または記濃縮水中の遊離塩素濃度が0.05mg/L以上となるように、被処理水中に、臭素とスルファミン酸化合物との反応生成物を存在させることが好ましい。 That is, in the water treatment method and the water treatment system using the back-penetrating membrane according to the embodiment of the present invention, the water to be treated is prepared so that the free chlorine concentration in the water to be treated or the concentrated water is 0.05 mg / L or more. , Bromine and a sulfamic acid compound are present (a mixture of bromine and a sulfamic acid compound is present). Further, it is preferable to allow a reaction product of bromine and a sulfamic acid compound to be present in the water to be treated so that the free chlorine concentration in the water to be treated or the concentrated water is 0.05 mg / L or more.

臭素化合物としては、臭化ナトリウム、臭化カリウム、臭化リチウム、臭化アンモニウムおよび臭化水素酸等が挙げられる。これらのうち、製剤コスト等の点から、臭化ナトリウムが好ましい。 Examples of the bromine compound include sodium bromide, potassium bromide, lithium bromide, ammonium bromide, hydrobromic acid and the like. Of these, sodium bromide is preferable from the viewpoint of formulation cost and the like.

塩素系酸化剤としては、例えば、塩素ガス、二酸化塩素、次亜塩素酸またはその塩、亜塩素酸またはその塩、塩素酸またはその塩、過塩素酸またはその塩、塩素化イソシアヌル酸またはその塩等が挙げられる。これらのうち、塩としては、例えば、次亜塩素酸ナトリウム、次亜塩素酸カリウム等の次亜塩素酸アルカリ金属塩、次亜塩素酸カルシウム、次亜塩素酸バリウム等の次亜塩素酸アルカリ土類金属塩、亜塩素酸ナトリウム、亜塩素酸カリウム等の亜塩素酸アルカリ金属塩、亜塩素酸バリウム等の亜塩素酸アルカリ土類金属塩、亜塩素酸ニッケル等の他の亜塩素酸金属塩、塩素酸アンモニウム、塩素酸ナトリウム、塩素酸カリウム等の塩素酸アルカリ金属塩、塩素酸カルシウム、塩素酸バリウム等の塩素酸アルカリ土類金属塩等が挙げられる。これらの塩素系酸化剤は、1種を単独で用いても、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。塩素系酸化剤としては、取り扱い性等の点から、次亜塩素酸ナトリウムを用いるのが好ましい。 Examples of the chlorine-based oxidizing agent include chlorine gas, chlorine dioxide, hypochloric acid or a salt thereof, chloric acid or a salt thereof, chloric acid or a salt thereof, perchloric acid or a salt thereof, and chlorinated isocyanuric acid or a salt thereof. And so on. Among these, examples of the salt include hypochlorite alkali metal salts such as sodium hypochlorite and potassium hypochlorite, and hypochlorite alkaline soil such as calcium hypochlorite and barium hypochlorite. Chlorous acid alkali metal salts such as metal salts, sodium chlorate and potassium chlorate, chlorate alkaline earth metal salts such as barium chlorate, and other chlorate metal salts such as nickel chlorate. , Chloric acid alkali metal salts such as ammonium chlorate, sodium chlorate and potassium chlorate, and chlorate alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium chlorate and barium chlorate. These chlorine-based oxidizing agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more. As the chlorine-based oxidizing agent, sodium hypochlorite is preferably used from the viewpoint of handleability and the like.

スルファミン酸化合物は、以下の一般式(1)で示される化合物である。
NSOH (1)
(式中、Rは独立して水素原子または炭素数1〜8のアルキル基である。)
The sulfamic acid compound is a compound represented by the following general formula (1).
R 2 NSO 3 H (1)
(In the formula, R is independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.)

スルファミン酸化合物としては、例えば、2個のR基の両方が水素原子であるスルファミン酸(アミド硫酸)の他に、N−メチルスルファミン酸、N−エチルスルファミン酸、N−プロピルスルファミン酸、N−イソプロピルスルファミン酸、N−ブチルスルファミン酸等の2個のR基の一方が水素原子であり、他方が炭素数1〜8のアルキル基であるスルファミン酸化合物、N,N−ジメチルスルファミン酸、N,N−ジエチルスルファミン酸、N,N−ジプロピルスルファミン酸、N,N−ジブチルスルファミン酸、N−メチル−N−エチルスルファミン酸、N−メチル−N−プロピルスルファミン酸等の2個のR基の両方が炭素数1〜8のアルキル基であるスルファミン酸化合物、N−フェニルスルファミン酸等の2個のR基の一方が水素原子であり、他方が炭素数6〜10のアリール基であるスルファミン酸化合物、またはこれらの塩等が挙げられる。スルファミン酸塩としては、例えば、ナトリウム塩、カリウム塩等のアルカリ金属塩、カルシウム塩、ストロンチウム塩、バリウム塩等のアルカリ土類金属塩、マンガン塩、銅塩、亜鉛塩、鉄塩、コバルト塩、ニッケル塩等の他の金属塩、アンモニウム塩およびグアニジン塩等が挙げられる。スルファミン酸化合物およびこれらの塩は、1種を単独で用いても、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。スルファミン酸化合物としては、環境負荷等の点から、スルファミン酸(アミド硫酸)を用いるのが好ましい。 Examples of the sulfamic acid compound include N-methylsulfamic acid, N-ethylsulfamic acid, N-propylsulfamic acid, and N-, in addition to sulfamic acid (amide sulfate) in which both of the two R groups are hydrogen atoms. Sulfamic acid compounds, N, N-dimethylsulfamic acid, N, where one of the two R groups such as isopropylsulfamic acid and N-butylsulfamic acid is a hydrogen atom and the other is an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms. Two R groups such as N-diethylsulfamic acid, N, N-dipropylsulfamic acid, N, N-dibutylsulfamic acid, N-methyl-N-ethylsulfamic acid, N-methyl-N-propylsulfamic acid, etc. Sulfamic acid is an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, one of which is a hydrogen atom and the other is an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, such as a sulfamic acid compound and N-phenylsulfamic acid. Examples include compounds and salts thereof. Examples of sulfamate include alkali metal salts such as sodium salt and potassium salt, alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium salt, strontium salt and barium salt, manganese salt, copper salt, zinc salt, iron salt and cobalt salt. Other metal salts such as nickel salts, ammonium salts, guanidine salts and the like can be mentioned. The sulfamic acid compound and salts thereof may be used alone or in combination of two or more. As the sulfamic acid compound, it is preferable to use sulfamic acid (amide sulfuric acid) from the viewpoint of environmental load and the like.

本実施形態に係る逆浸透膜を用いる水処理方法および水処理システムにおいて、さらにアルカリを存在させてもよい。アルカリとしては、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム等の水酸化アルカリ等が挙げられる。低温時の製品安定性等の点から、水酸化ナトリウムと水酸化カリウムとを併用してもよい。また、アルカリは、固形でなく、水溶液として用いてもよい。 In the water treatment method and water treatment system using the reverse osmosis membrane according to the present embodiment, an alkali may be further present. Examples of the alkali include alkali hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide. Sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide may be used in combination from the viewpoint of product stability at low temperatures. Further, the alkali may be used as an aqueous solution instead of a solid.

被処理水のpHを調整するためのpH調整剤としては、塩酸、硫酸等の酸や、水酸化ナトリウム等のアルカリを用いることができる。 As the pH adjusting agent for adjusting the pH of the water to be treated, an acid such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid or an alkali such as sodium hydroxide can be used.

本実施形態に係る逆浸透膜を用いる水処理方法および水処理システムにおいて用いられる逆浸透膜としては、酢酸セルロースや昨今主流であるポリアミド系高分子膜に好適に適用することができる。ポリアミド系高分子膜は、酸化剤に対する耐性が比較的低く、遊離塩素等をポリアミド系高分子膜に連続的に接触させると、膜性能の著しい低下が起こる。しかしながら、本実施形態に係る逆浸透膜を用いる水処理方法および水処理システムではポリアミド高分子膜においても、このような著しい膜性能の低下をほとんど起こさずに、スライム増殖を抑制することができる。 As the reverse osmosis membrane used in the water treatment method and the water treatment system using the reverse osmosis membrane according to the present embodiment, it can be suitably applied to cellulose acetate and polyamide-based polymer membranes which are the mainstream in recent years. The polyamide-based polymer film has a relatively low resistance to an oxidizing agent, and continuous contact of free chlorine or the like with the polyamide-based polymer film causes a significant decrease in film performance. However, in the water treatment method and the water treatment system using the reverse osmosis membrane according to the present embodiment, slime growth can be suppressed even in the polyamide polymer membrane with almost no such significant deterioration in membrane performance.

逆浸透膜の膜形状としては、特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、環状型、平膜型、スパイラル型、中空糸型等が挙げられ、4インチ型、8インチ型、16インチ型等のいずれでもあってもよい。 The membrane shape of the reverse osmosis membrane is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include an annular type, a flat membrane type, a spiral type, a hollow fiber type, and the like, such as a 4-inch type, an 8-inch type, and a 16-inch type. Either may be used.

逆浸透膜装置において、被処理水のpH5.5以上でスケールが発生する場合には、スケール抑制のために分散剤を安定化次亜臭素酸組成物と併用してもよい。分散剤としては、例えば、ポリアクリル酸、ポリマレイン酸、ホスホン酸等が挙げられる。分散剤の被処理水への添加量は、例えば、RO濃縮水中の濃度として0.1〜1,000mg/Lの範囲である。 In the reverse osmosis membrane device, when scale is generated at a pH of 5.5 or higher in the water to be treated, a dispersant may be used in combination with a stabilized hypobromous acid composition to suppress the scale. Examples of the dispersant include polyacrylic acid, polymaleic acid, phosphonic acid and the like. The amount of the dispersant added to the water to be treated is, for example, in the range of 0.1 to 1,000 mg / L as the concentration in RO concentrated water.

また、分散剤を使用せずにスケールの発生を抑制するためには、例えば、RO濃縮水中のシリカ濃度を溶解度以下に、カルシウムスケールの指標であるランゲリア指数を0以下になるように、逆浸透膜装置の回収率等の運転条件を調整することが挙げられる。 In order to suppress the generation of scale without using a dispersant, for example, reverse osmosis is performed so that the silica concentration in RO concentrated water is below the solubility and the Langeria index, which is an index of calcium scale, is 0 or less. It is possible to adjust operating conditions such as the recovery rate of the membrane device.

逆浸透膜を用いる水処理システム1において、システム内に逆浸透膜の他に、ポンプ、安全フィルタ、流量測定装置、圧力測定装置、温度測定装置、酸化還元電位(ORP)測定装置、残留塩素測定装置、電気伝導度測定装置、pH測定装置、エネルギー回収装置、ミネラル添加手段等を必要に応じて備えてもよい。 In the water treatment system 1 using a back-penetration film, in addition to the back-penetration film, a pump, a safety filter, a flow rate measuring device, a pressure measuring device, a temperature measuring device, an oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) measuring device, and a residual chlorine measurement are provided in the system. A device, an electric conductivity measuring device, a pH measuring device, an energy recovery device, a mineral adding means, and the like may be provided as needed.

加圧手段であるポンプ14は、供給される被処理水を加圧し、逆浸透膜処理装置12内に被処理水を供給、分離するための昇圧機能を有している。この昇圧機能の形態は特に限定されない。 The pump 14, which is a pressurizing means, has a pressurizing function for pressurizing the supplied water to be treated and supplying and separating the water to be treated into the reverse osmosis membrane treatment device 12. The form of this boosting function is not particularly limited.

被処理水の浸透圧が高い場合には、被処理水を供給するポンプ14の前段または後段に、膜分離を実施するために被処理水をさらに昇圧して逆浸透膜処理装置12に供給するための昇圧ポンプを別途設置してもよい。 When the osmotic pressure of the water to be treated is high, the water to be treated is further pressurized and supplied to the reverse osmosis membrane treatment apparatus 12 in the front stage or the rear stage of the pump 14 for supplying the water to be treated in order to carry out membrane separation. A booster pump for this purpose may be installed separately.

逆浸透膜を用いる水処理システム1において、システム全体の回収率を上げる等の目的で、濃縮水側にさらに逆浸透膜処理装置を設置してもよい。 In the water treatment system 1 using a reverse osmosis membrane, a reverse osmosis membrane treatment device may be further installed on the concentrated water side for the purpose of increasing the recovery rate of the entire system.

濃縮水側にさらに逆浸透膜処理装置を設置する上記システムにおいて、システム内に逆浸透膜の他に、ポンプ、安全フィルタ、流量測定装置、圧力測定装置、温度測定装置、酸化還元電位(ORP)測定装置、残留塩素測定装置、電気伝導度測定装置、pH測定装置、エネルギー回収装置、ミネラル添加手段等を必要に応じて備えてもよい。 In the above system in which a back-penetrating film treatment device is further installed on the concentrated water side, in addition to the back-penetrating film, a pump, a safety filter, a flow rate measuring device, a pressure measuring device, a temperature measuring device, and an oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) A measuring device, a residual chlorine measuring device, an electric conductivity measuring device, a pH measuring device, an energy recovery device, a mineral adding means and the like may be provided as needed.

逆浸透膜を用いる水処理システム1において、透過水の水質を上げる等の目的で、透過水側にさらに逆浸透膜処理、イオン交換処理、脱炭酸処理、電気再生式脱塩(EDI)処理、脱気処理、熱交換器、膜分離処理、紫外線照射処理等の物理的または化学的な後処理、およびこれらの後処理のうちの2つ以上の組み合わせが必要に応じて設置してもよい。 In the water treatment system 1 using a reverse osmosis membrane, for the purpose of improving the water quality of the permeated water, the permeated water side is further subjected to reverse osmosis membrane treatment, ion exchange treatment, decarbonization treatment, electroregenerative desalination (EDI) treatment, etc. Physical or chemical post-treatments such as degassing treatments, heat exchangers, membrane separation treatments, UV irradiation treatments, and combinations of two or more of these post-treatments may be installed as required.

透過水側にさらに逆浸透膜処理等を設置する上記システムにおいて、システム内に逆浸透膜の他に、ポンプ、安全フィルタ、流量測定装置、圧力測定装置、温度測定装置、酸化還元電位(ORP)測定装置、残留塩素測定装置、電気伝導度測定装置、pH測定装置、エネルギー回収装置、ミネラル添加手段等を必要に応じて備えてもよい。 In the above system in which a back-penetrating film treatment is further installed on the permeated water side, in addition to the back-penetrating film, a pump, a safety filter, a flow rate measuring device, a pressure measuring device, a temperature measuring device, and an oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) are installed in the system. A measuring device, a residual chlorine measuring device, an electric conductivity measuring device, a pH measuring device, an energy recovery device, a mineral adding means and the like may be provided as needed.

濃縮水側にさらに逆浸透膜処理装置を設置する上記システムと、透過水側にさらに逆浸透膜処理等を設置する上記システムとを組み合わせてもよい。 The above system in which the reverse osmosis membrane treatment device is further installed on the concentrated water side may be combined with the above system in which the reverse osmosis membrane treatment or the like is further installed on the permeated water side.

濃縮水の少なくとも一部は、図2の逆浸透膜を用いる水処理システム3に示すように、濃縮水配管24から分岐した濃縮水循環配管32により、逆浸透膜処理装置12の前段側、例えば被処理水槽10に循環されてもよいし、被処理水配管18に循環されてもよいし、被処理水供給配管20におけるポンプ14の吸込側、吐出側に循環されてもよい。図2の逆浸透膜処理システム3では、遊離塩素濃度測定手段として遊離塩素濃度測定装置16が濃縮水循環配管32に接続されているが、濃縮水配管24に接続されていてもよい。 As shown in the water treatment system 3 using the reverse osmosis membrane of FIG. 2, at least a part of the concentrated water is provided to the front stage side of the reverse osmosis membrane treatment device 12, for example, by the concentrated water circulation pipe 32 branched from the concentrated water pipe 24. It may be circulated in the treated water tank 10, may be circulated in the treated water pipe 18, or may be circulated in the suction side and the discharge side of the pump 14 in the treated water supply pipe 20. In the reverse osmosis membrane treatment system 3 of FIG. 2, the free chlorine concentration measuring device 16 is connected to the concentrated water circulation pipe 32 as a free chlorine concentration measuring means, but it may be connected to the concentrated water pipe 24.

逆浸透膜装置の用途としては、例えば、純水製造、海水淡水化、排水回収等が挙げられる。 Applications of the reverse osmosis membrane device include, for example, pure water production, seawater desalination, wastewater recovery and the like.

生物処理水は、例えば、半導体工場、液晶工場等の電子産業から排出される排水や下水等を生物処理装置により生物処理された水が挙げられる。生物処理装置とは、好気性微生物や嫌気性微生物等の微生物により汚水中の汚濁物質を生物学的に酸化または還元させる装置であり、例えば、標準活性汚泥法、生物膜法、膜分離活性汚泥法(MBR)、固定床法、流動床法等の方法によるものが挙げられる。 Examples of the biologically treated water include water obtained by biologically treating wastewater, sewage, and the like discharged from the electronics industry such as a semiconductor factory and a liquid crystal factory by a biological treatment device. A biological treatment device is a device that biologically oxidizes or reduces pollutants in sewage by microorganisms such as aerobic microorganisms and anaerobic microorganisms. For example, standard activated sludge method, biological membrane method, and membrane separation activated sludge. Examples thereof include methods such as the method (MBR), the fixed bed method, and the fluidized bed method.

生物処理水を含有する被処理水としては、前記生物処理水を含有する水であればよく、特に制限はない。生物処理水を含有する被処理水としては、例えば、(1)前記生物処理水でもよいし、(2)前記生物処理水が物理化学処理装置(例えば、活性炭処理装置)等によって処理された水でもよいし、(3)前記生物処理水に、他のかん水(海水または汽水)、排水、淡水、工業用水、市水、井水、純水、超純水、排水、下水等や他の生物処理装置、物理化学処理装置等によって処理された水が含まれた水でもよいし、(4)前記生物処理水が物理化学処理装置等によって処理された水に、他のかん水(海水または汽水)、排水、淡水、工業用水、市水、井水、純水、超純水、排水、下水等や他の生物処理装置、物理化学処理装置等によって処理された水が含まれた水でもよいし、(5)前記生物処理水に、他のかん水(海水または汽水)、排水、淡水、工業用水、市水、井水、純水、超純水、排水、下水等や他の生物処理装置、物理化学処理装置等によって処理された水が含まれた水を、物理化学処理装置等によってさらに処理した水でもよい。 The water to be treated containing the biologically treated water may be any water containing the biologically treated water, and is not particularly limited. The water to be treated containing the biologically treated water may be, for example, (1) the biologically treated water, or (2) water in which the biologically treated water is treated by a physicochemical treatment device (for example, an activated charcoal treatment device) or the like. However, (3) other irrigation water (seawater or steam water), wastewater, fresh water, industrial water, city water, well water, pure water, ultrapure water, wastewater, sewage, etc. and other organisms may be added to the biologically treated water. Water containing water treated by a treatment device, a physicochemical treatment device, or the like may be used, or (4) the biologically treated water is added to the water treated by the physicochemical treatment device or the like with other irrigation water (seawater or steam water). , Wastewater, fresh water, industrial water, city water, well water, pure water, ultra-pure water, wastewater, sewage, etc., and water containing water treated by other biological treatment equipment, physicochemical treatment equipment, etc. may be used. , (5) In addition to the biologically treated water, other brackish water (seawater or steam water), wastewater, fresh water, industrial water, city water, well water, pure water, ultrapure water, wastewater, sewage, etc. and other biological treatment equipment, Water containing water treated by a physicochemical treatment apparatus or the like may be further treated by a physicochemical treatment apparatus or the like.

生物処理水を含有する被処理水のアンモニア態窒素濃度は、例えば、1000mg/L以下、または1〜1000mg/Lの範囲であり、CODMnは、例えば、1000mg/L以下、または0.5〜1000mg/Lの範囲である。生物処理水を含有する被処理水は、さらに懸濁物質(SS)を含む場合があり、その場合、SSは例えば、1000mg/L以下、または2〜1000mg/Lの範囲である。 The ammonia nitrogen concentration of the treated water containing the biologically treated water is, for example, 1000 mg / L or less, or 1 to 1000 mg / L, and the CODMn is, for example, 1000 mg / L or less, or 0.5 to 1000 mg. It is in the range of / L. The water to be treated containing the biologically treated water may further contain suspended solids (SS), in which case the SS is, for example, in the range of 1000 mg / L or less, or 2 to 1000 mg / L.

本実施形態に係る逆浸透膜を用いる水処理方法および水処理システムにおいて、被処理水槽10の前段に生物処理装置を備えてもよく、被処理水は、生物処理装置により処理された生物処理水を含む。 In the water treatment method and water treatment system using the reverse osmosis membrane according to the present embodiment, a biological treatment device may be provided in front of the water tank 10 to be treated, and the water to be treated is the biologically treated water treated by the biological treatment device. including.

例えば、図3に示すように、水処理システム5は、上記逆浸透膜を用いる水処理システム1または3を備え、逆浸透膜を用いる水処理システム1または3の前段に生物処理装置50を備える。 For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the water treatment system 5 includes a water treatment system 1 or 3 using the reverse osmosis membrane, and a biological treatment device 50 in front of the water treatment system 1 or 3 using the reverse osmosis membrane. ..

水処理システム5において、生物処理装置50の入口には原水供給配管52が接続され、生物処理装置50の出口と逆浸透膜を用いる水処理システム1または3の入口とは生物処理水供給配管54により接続されている。例えば、生物処理水供給配管54は、逆浸透膜を用いる水処理システム1または3の被処理水配管18と接続されている。 In the water treatment system 5, a raw water supply pipe 52 is connected to the inlet of the biological treatment device 50, and the outlet of the biological treatment device 50 and the inlet of the water treatment system 1 or 3 using the reverse osmosis membrane are the biological treatment water supply pipe 54. Is connected by. For example, the biologically treated water supply pipe 54 is connected to the treated water pipe 18 of the water treatment system 1 or 3 using the reverse osmosis membrane.

安定化次亜臭素酸組成物を添加するための添加配管26は、添加配管26aとして生物処理水供給配管54、添加配管26bとして逆浸透膜を用いる水処理システム1または3のうちの少なくとも1つに接続されている。 The addition pipe 26 for adding the stabilized hypobromous acid composition is at least one of a water treatment system 1 or 3 using a biologically treated water supply pipe 54 as the addition pipe 26a and a reverse osmosis membrane as the addition pipe 26b. It is connected to the.

水処理システム5において、原水が、原水供給配管52を通して生物処理装置50に供給され、生物処理装置50において、生物処理が行われる(生物処理工程)。生物処理が行われた生物処理水は、生物処理水供給配管54を通して逆浸透膜を用いる水処理システム1または3に供給される。逆浸透膜を用いる水処理システム1または3において、上記の通り、逆浸透膜処理が行われる(逆浸透膜処理工程)。 In the water treatment system 5, raw water is supplied to the biological treatment apparatus 50 through the raw water supply pipe 52, and the biological treatment is performed in the biological treatment apparatus 50 (biological treatment step). The biologically treated water is supplied to the water treatment system 1 or 3 using the reverse osmosis membrane through the biologically treated water supply pipe 54. In the water treatment system 1 or 3 using the reverse osmosis membrane, the reverse osmosis membrane treatment is performed as described above (reverse osmosis membrane treatment step).

安定化次亜臭素酸組成物は、添加配管26aを通して生物処理水供給配管54、添加配管26bを通して逆浸透膜を用いる水処理システム1または3のうちの少なくとも1つにおいて、生物処理水、被処理水のうちの少なくとも1つに添加されればよい。 The stabilized hypobromic acid composition is a biologically treated water, subject to treatment in at least one of the water treatment systems 1 or 3 using a reverse osmosis membrane through a biotreated water supply pipe 54 through the addition pipe 26a and a reverse osmosis membrane through the addition pipe 26b. It may be added to at least one of the waters.

生物処理装置50(生物処理工程)の前段、または生物処理装置50(生物処理工程)と逆浸透膜を用いる水処理システム1または3(逆浸透膜処理工程)との間において、凝集処理、凝集沈殿処理、加圧浮上処理、ろ過処理、膜分離処理、逆浸透膜処理、活性炭処理、脱炭酸処理、軟化処理、オゾン処理、紫外線照射処理等の生物学的、物理的または化学的な前処理、およびこれらの前処理のうちの2つ以上の組み合わせが必要に応じて行われてもよい。例えば、生物処理装置50(生物処理工程)と逆浸透膜を用いる水処理システム1または3(逆浸透膜処理工程)との間において、活性炭処理、砂ろ過処理等が行われてもよい。この場合、生物処理装置50(生物処理工程)と活性炭処理または砂ろ過処理との間、または活性炭処理または砂ろ過処理と逆浸透膜を用いる水処理システム1または3(逆浸透膜処理工程)との間において、安定化次亜臭素酸組成物が添加されてもよい。 Aggregation treatment, aggregation between the pre-stage of the biological treatment apparatus 50 (biological treatment step) or between the biological treatment apparatus 50 (biological treatment step) and the water treatment system 1 or 3 (reverse osmosis membrane treatment step) using the reverse osmosis membrane. Biological, physical or chemical pretreatment such as precipitation treatment, pressure levitation treatment, filtration treatment, membrane separation treatment, reverse osmosis membrane treatment, activated charcoal treatment, decarbonization treatment, softening treatment, ozone treatment, ultraviolet irradiation treatment, etc. , And a combination of two or more of these pretreatments may be performed as needed. For example, activated carbon treatment, sand filtration treatment, or the like may be performed between the biological treatment apparatus 50 (biological treatment step) and the water treatment system 1 or 3 (reverse osmosis membrane treatment step) using the reverse osmosis membrane. In this case, between the biological treatment apparatus 50 (biological treatment step) and the activated carbon treatment or sand filtration treatment, or with the water treatment system 1 or 3 (reverse osmosis membrane treatment step) using the activated carbon treatment or sand filtration treatment and the reverse osmosis membrane. In between, a stabilized hypobromic acid composition may be added.

生物処理装置50(生物処理工程)の前段、または生物処理装置50(生物処理工程)と逆浸透膜を用いる水処理システム1または3(逆浸透膜処理工程)との間において、生物学的、物理的または化学的な前処理、およびこれらの前処理のうちの2つ以上の組み合わせが必要に応じて行われてもよい。ここで、前処理としては、例えば、凝集処理、凝集沈殿処理、加圧浮上処理、ろ過処理、膜分離処理、逆浸透膜処理、活性炭処理、脱炭酸処理、軟化処理等が挙げられる。さらに、他のかん水(海水または汽水)、排水、淡水、工業用水、市水、井水、純水、超純水、排水、下水等や他の前処理によって処理された水とを混合させる処理が必要に応じて行われてもよい。 Biologically, in the pre-stage of the biological treatment apparatus 50 (biological treatment step), or between the biological treatment apparatus 50 (biological treatment step) and the water treatment system 1 or 3 (reverse osmosis membrane treatment step) using the reverse osmosis membrane. Physical or chemical pretreatments, and combinations of two or more of these pretreatments, may be performed as needed. Here, examples of the pretreatment include coagulation treatment, coagulation sedimentation treatment, pressure flotation treatment, filtration treatment, membrane separation treatment, reverse osmosis membrane treatment, activated carbon treatment, decarboxylation treatment, softening treatment and the like. Furthermore, treatment to mix with other brackish water (seawater or brackish water), wastewater, freshwater, industrial water, city water, well water, pure water, ultrapure water, wastewater, sewage, etc. and water treated by other pretreatments. May be done as needed.

逆浸透膜を用いる水処理システム1または3において、システム内に逆浸透膜の他に、ポンプ、安全フィルタ、流量測定装置、圧力測定装置、温度測定装置、酸化還元電位(ORP)測定装置、残留塩素測定装置、電気伝導度測定装置、pH測定装置、エネルギー回収装置等を必要に応じて備えてもよい。 In a water treatment system 1 or 3 using a back-penetrating film, in addition to the back-penetrating film, a pump, a safety filter, a flow rate measuring device, a pressure measuring device, a temperature measuring device, an oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) measuring device, and a residue A chlorine measuring device, an electric conductivity measuring device, a pH measuring device, an energy recovery device and the like may be provided as needed.

水処理システム5において、必要に応じて、安定化次亜臭素酸組成物以外のスケール抑制剤や、pH調整剤が、原水供給配管52、生物処理装置50、生物処理水供給配管54、逆浸透膜を用いる水処理システム1または3のうちの少なくとも1つにおいて、原水、生物処理水、被処理水のうちの少なくとも1つに添加されてもよい。 In the water treatment system 5, if necessary, a scale inhibitor other than the stabilized hypobromic acid composition and a pH adjuster can be used in the raw water supply pipe 52, the biological treatment device 50, the biological treatment water supply pipe 54, and the back penetration. In at least one of the water treatment systems 1 or 3 using a membrane, it may be added to at least one of raw water, biologically treated water, and water to be treated.

<逆浸透膜用スライム抑制剤>
本実施形態に係る逆浸透膜用スライム抑制剤は、「臭素系酸化剤」と「スルファミン酸化合物」との混合物を含む安定化次亜臭素酸組成物を含有するものであり、さらにアルカリを含有してもよい。
<Slime inhibitor for reverse osmosis membrane>
The slime inhibitor for reverse osmosis membrane according to the present embodiment contains a stabilized hypobromous acid composition containing a mixture of a "bromine-based oxidizing agent" and a "sulfamic acid compound", and further contains an alkali. You may.

また、本実施形態に係る逆浸透膜用スライム抑制剤は、「臭素系酸化剤とスルファミン酸化合物との反応生成物」を含む安定化次亜臭素酸組成物を含有するものであり、さらにアルカリを含有してもよい。 Further, the slime inhibitor for a back-penetrating membrane according to the present embodiment contains a stabilized hypobromous acid composition containing "a reaction product of a bromine-based oxidizing agent and a sulfamic acid compound", and further contains an alkali. May be contained.

臭素系酸化剤、臭素化合物、塩素系酸化剤およびスルファミン酸化合物については、上述した通りである。 The bromine-based oxidant, bromine compound, chlorine-based oxidant and sulfamic acid compound are as described above.

本実施形態に係る逆浸透膜用スライム抑制剤としては、逆浸透膜をより劣化させないため、臭素と、スルファミン酸化合物とを含有するもの(臭素とスルファミン酸化合物の混合物を含有するもの)、例えば、臭素とスルファミン酸化合物とアルカリと水との混合物、または、臭素とスルファミン酸化合物との反応生成物を含有するもの、例えば、臭素とスルファミン酸化合物との反応生成物と、アルカリと、水との混合物が好ましい。 As the slime inhibitor for a back-penetrating membrane according to the present embodiment, a slime inhibitor containing bromine and a sulfamic acid compound (containing a mixture of bromine and a sulfamic acid compound), for example, in order not to further deteriorate the back-penetrating membrane. , A mixture of bromine and a sulfamic acid compound and an alkali and water, or a reaction product of bromine and a sulfamic acid compound, for example, a reaction product of bromine and a sulfamic acid compound, an alkali and water. Mixtures of are preferred.

本実施形態に係る逆浸透膜用スライム抑制剤のうち、特に臭素とスルファミン酸化合物とを含む安定化次亜臭素酸組成物を含有するスライム抑制剤は、塩素系酸化剤とスルファミン酸化合物とを含むスライム抑制剤(クロロスルファミン酸等)と比較すると、酸化力が高く、スライム抑制力、スライム剥離力が著しく高いにもかかわらず、同じく酸化力の高い次亜塩素酸のような著しい膜劣化をほとんど引き起こすことがない。通常の使用濃度では、膜劣化への影響は実質的に無視することができる。このため、逆浸透膜用スライム抑制剤としては最適である。 Among the slime inhibitors for back-penetrating membranes according to the present embodiment, the slime inhibitor containing a stabilized hypobromous acid composition containing bromine and a sulfamic acid compound is a chlorine-based oxidizing agent and a sulfamic acid compound. Compared with the slime inhibitor (chlorosulfamic acid, etc.) contained, it has high oxidizing power, and although it has significantly high slime suppressing power and slime peeling power, it causes remarkable film deterioration like hypochlorous acid, which also has high oxidizing power. Almost never causes. At normal working concentrations, the effect on film deterioration is virtually negligible. Therefore, it is most suitable as a slime inhibitor for reverse osmosis membranes.

本実施形態に係る逆浸透膜用スライム抑制剤は、次亜塩素酸とは異なり、逆浸透膜をほとんど透過しないため、処理水水質への影響がほとんどない。また、次亜塩素酸等と同様に現場で濃度を測定することができるため、より正確な濃度管理が可能である。 Unlike hypochlorous acid, the slime inhibitor for reverse osmosis membranes according to the present embodiment has almost no effect on the quality of treated water because it hardly permeates the reverse osmosis membrane. In addition, since the concentration can be measured on-site in the same manner as hypochlorous acid and the like, more accurate concentration control is possible.

逆浸透膜用スライム抑制剤のpHは、例えば、13.0超であり、13.2超であることがより好ましい。逆浸透膜用スライム抑制剤のpHが13.0以下であると逆浸透膜用スライム抑制剤中の有効ハロゲンが不安定になる場合がある。 The pH of the slime inhibitor for reverse osmosis membrane is, for example, more than 13.0, more preferably more than 13.2. If the pH of the reverse osmosis membrane slime inhibitor is 13.0 or less, the effective halogen in the reverse osmosis membrane slime inhibitor may become unstable.

逆浸透膜用スライム抑制剤中の臭素酸濃度は、5mg/kg未満であることが好ましい。逆浸透膜用スライム抑制剤中の臭素酸濃度が5mg/kg以上であると、RO透過水の臭素酸イオンの濃度が高くなる場合がある。 The bromic acid concentration in the slime inhibitor for reverse osmosis membranes is preferably less than 5 mg / kg. If the concentration of bromic acid in the slime inhibitor for reverse osmosis membrane is 5 mg / kg or more, the concentration of bromic acid ion in RO permeated water may increase.

<逆浸透膜用スライム抑制剤の製造方法>
本実施形態に係る逆浸透膜用スライム抑制剤は、臭素系酸化剤とスルファミン酸化合物とを混合することにより得られ、さらにアルカリを混合してもよい。
<Manufacturing method of slime inhibitor for reverse osmosis membrane>
The slime inhibitor for reverse osmosis membrane according to the present embodiment is obtained by mixing a bromine-based oxidizing agent and a sulfamic acid compound, and may be further mixed with an alkali.

臭素と、スルファミン酸化合物とを含む安定化次亜臭素酸組成物を含有する逆浸透膜用スライム抑制剤の製造方法としては、水、アルカリおよびスルファミン酸化合物を含む混合液に臭素を不活性ガス雰囲気下で添加して反応させる工程、または、水、アルカリおよびスルファミン酸化合物を含む混合液に臭素を不活性ガス雰囲気下で添加する工程を含むことが好ましい。不活性ガス雰囲気下で添加して反応させる、または、不活性ガス雰囲気下で添加することにより、逆浸透膜用スライム抑制剤中の臭素酸イオン濃度が低くなり、RO透過水中の臭素酸イオン濃度が低くなる。 As a method for producing a slime inhibitor for a back-penetrating membrane containing a stabilized hypobromous acid composition containing bromine and a sulfamic acid compound, bromine is added to an inert gas in a mixed solution containing water, an alkali and a sulfamic acid compound. It is preferable to include a step of adding and reacting in an atmosphere, or a step of adding bromine to a mixed solution containing water, an alkali and a sulfamic acid compound in an inert gas atmosphere. By adding and reacting in an inert gas atmosphere or by adding in an inert gas atmosphere, the bromate ion concentration in the slime inhibitor for reverse osmosis membrane becomes low, and the bromate ion concentration in RO permeated water becomes low. Will be low.

用いる不活性ガスとしては限定されないが、製造等の面から窒素およびアルゴンのうち少なくとも1つが好ましく、特に製造コスト等の面から窒素が好ましい。 The inert gas to be used is not limited, but at least one of nitrogen and argon is preferable from the viewpoint of production and the like, and nitrogen is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of production cost and the like.

臭素の添加の際の反応器内の酸素濃度は6%以下が好ましいが、4%以下がより好ましく、2%以下がさらに好ましく、1%以下が特に好ましい。臭素の反応の際の反応器内の酸素濃度が6%を超えると、反応系内の臭素酸の生成量が増加する場合がある。 The oxygen concentration in the reactor at the time of adding bromine is preferably 6% or less, more preferably 4% or less, further preferably 2% or less, and particularly preferably 1% or less. If the oxygen concentration in the reactor during the reaction of bromine exceeds 6%, the amount of bromic acid produced in the reaction system may increase.

臭素の添加率は、逆浸透膜用スライム抑制剤全体の量に対して25重量%以下であることが好ましく、1重量%以上20重量%以下であることがより好ましい。臭素の添加率が逆浸透膜用スライム抑制剤全体の量に対して25重量%を超えると、反応系内の臭素酸の生成量が増加する場合がある。1重量%未満であると、殺菌力が劣る場合がある。 The addition rate of bromine is preferably 25% by weight or less, and more preferably 1% by weight or more and 20% by weight or less, based on the total amount of the slime inhibitor for reverse osmosis membrane. When the addition rate of bromine exceeds 25% by weight based on the total amount of the slime inhibitor for reverse osmosis membrane, the amount of bromic acid produced in the reaction system may increase. If it is less than 1% by weight, the bactericidal activity may be inferior.

臭素添加の際の反応温度は、0℃以上25℃以下の範囲に制御することが好ましいが、製造コスト等の面から、0℃以上15℃以下の範囲に制御することがより好ましい。臭素添加の際の反応温度が25℃を超えると、反応系内の臭素酸の生成量が増加する場合があり、0℃未満であると、凍結する場合がある。 The reaction temperature at the time of adding bromine is preferably controlled in the range of 0 ° C. or higher and 25 ° C. or lower, but more preferably controlled in the range of 0 ° C. or higher and 15 ° C. or lower from the viewpoint of manufacturing cost and the like. If the reaction temperature at the time of adding bromine exceeds 25 ° C, the amount of bromic acid produced in the reaction system may increase, and if it is less than 0 ° C, it may freeze.

以下、実施例および比較例を挙げ、本発明をより具体的に詳細に説明するが、本発明は、以下の実施例に限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following Examples.

[安定化次亜臭素酸組成物(組成物1)の調製]
窒素雰囲気下で、液体臭素:16.9重量%(wt%)、スルファミン酸:10.7重量%、水酸化ナトリウム:12.9重量%、水酸化カリウム:3.94重量%、水:残分を混合して、安定化次亜臭素酸組成物(組成物1)を調製した。安定化次亜臭素酸組成物のpHは14、全塩素濃度は7.5重量%であった。全塩素濃度は、HACH社の多項目水質分析計DR/4000を用いて、全塩素測定法(DPD(ジエチル−p−フェニレンジアミン)法)により測定した値(mg/L asCl)である。安定化次亜臭素酸組成物の詳細な調製方法は以下の通りである。
[Preparation of Stabilized Hypobromous Acid Composition (Composition 1)]
Liquid bromine: 16.9% by weight (wt%), sulfamic acid: 10.7% by weight, sodium hydroxide: 12.9% by weight, potassium hydroxide: 3.94% by weight, water: residue under a nitrogen atmosphere. The minutes were mixed to prepare a stabilized hypobromous acid composition (composition 1). The pH of the stabilized hypobromous acid composition was 14, and the total chlorine concentration was 7.5% by weight. The total chlorine concentration is a value (mg / LasCl 2 ) measured by a total chlorine measurement method (DPD (diethyl-p-phenylenediamine) method) using a multi-item water quality analyzer DR / 4000 manufactured by HACH. The detailed preparation method of the stabilized hypobromous acid composition is as follows.

反応容器内の酸素濃度が1%に維持されるように、窒素ガスの流量をマスフローコントローラでコントロールしながら連続注入で封入した2Lの4つ口フラスコに1436gの水、361gの水酸化ナトリウムを加え混合し、次いで300gのスルファミン酸を加え混合した後、反応液の温度が0〜15℃になるように冷却を維持しながら、473gの液体臭素を加え、さらに48%水酸化カリウム溶液230gを加え、組成物全体の量に対する重量比でスルファミン酸10.7%、臭素16.9%、臭素の当量に対するスルファミン酸の当量比が1.04である、目的の安定化次亜臭素酸組成物(組成物1)を得た。生じた溶液のpHは、ガラス電極法にて測定したところ、14であった。生じた溶液の臭素含有率は、臭素をヨウ化カリウムによりヨウ素に転換後、チオ硫酸ナトリウムを用いて酸化還元滴定する方法により測定したところ16.9%であり、理論含有率(16.9%)の100.0%であった。また、臭素反応の際の反応容器内の酸素濃度は、株式会社ジコー製の「酸素モニタJKO−02 LJDII」を用いて測定した。なお、臭素酸濃度は5mg/kg未満であった。 To maintain the oxygen concentration in the reaction vessel at 1%, add 1436 g of water and 361 g of sodium hydroxide to a 2 L 4-port flask filled with continuous injection while controlling the flow rate of nitrogen gas with a mass flow controller. After mixing, add 300 g of sulfamic acid and mix, then add 473 g of liquid bromine and 230 g of 48% potassium hydroxide solution while maintaining cooling so that the temperature of the reaction solution becomes 0 to 15 ° C. , The desired stabilized hypobromous acid composition, wherein the weight ratio of sulfamic acid to the total amount of the composition is 10.7%, bromine 16.9%, and the equivalent ratio of sulfamic acid to the equivalent of bromine is 1.04. The composition 1) was obtained. The pH of the resulting solution was 14 as measured by the glass electrode method. The bromine content of the resulting solution was 16.9% as measured by the method of converting bromine to iodine with potassium iodide and then using sodium thiosulfate for oxidative reduction titration, and the theoretical content (16.9%). ) Was 100.0%. The oxygen concentration in the reaction vessel during the bromine reaction was measured using "Oxygen Monitor JKO-02 LJDII" manufactured by Jiko Co., Ltd. The bromic acid concentration was less than 5 mg / kg.

なお、pHの測定は、以下の条件で行った。
電極タイプ:ガラス電極式
pH測定計:東亜ディーケーケー社製、IOL−30型
電極の校正:関東化学社製中性リン酸塩pH(6.86)標準液(第2種)、同社製ホウ酸塩pH(9.18)標準液(第2種)の2点校正で行った
測定温度:25℃
測定値:測定液に電極を浸漬し、安定後の値を測定値とし、3回測定の平均値
The pH was measured under the following conditions.
Electrode type: Glass electrode type pH meter: Toa DKK, IOL-30 type Electrode calibration: Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd. Neutral phosphate pH (6.86) standard solution (Type 2), Borate manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd. Measurement temperature performed by two-point calibration of salt pH (9.18) standard solution (type 2): 25 ° C.
Measured value: The electrode is immersed in the measuring solution, and the value after stabilization is used as the measured value, which is the average value of three measurements.

<実施例1,2および比較例1〜3>
[生物処理水の殺菌試験]
表1に記載されている水質の生物処理水、または純水を用いて殺菌試験を実施した。300mLビーカに生物処理水300mL、または純水300mLを入れ、そこに表2に記載の添加濃度になるよう安定化次亜臭素酸組成物(組成物1)を添加し、デジタルスターラにより250rpmで撹拌した。全ての薬剤を添加してから60分後に、処理した水を所定量採取するとともに、有効塩素を失活させるためチオ硫酸ナトリウムを添加後、スリーエム株式会社製ペトリフィルム(商標)培地生菌数測定用ACプレートにより生菌数の測定を行った。遊離塩素濃度は、ジエチル−p−フェニレンジアミン(DPD)吸光光度法で測定した。結果を表2に示す。
<Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3>
[Sterilization test of biologically treated water]
A sterilization test was carried out using the biologically treated water of the water quality shown in Table 1 or pure water. Put 300 mL of biotreated water or 300 mL of pure water in a 300 mL beaker, add the stabilized hypobromous acid composition (composition 1) to the addition concentration shown in Table 2, and stir at 250 rpm with a digital stirrer. bottom. 60 minutes after adding all the chemicals, a predetermined amount of treated water is collected, and sodium thiosulfate is added to inactivate effective chlorine, and then the viable cell count of Petrifilm (trademark) medium manufactured by 3M Co., Ltd. is measured. The viable cell count was measured using an AC plate. The free chlorine concentration was measured by the diethyl-p-phenylenediamine (DPD) absorptiometry. The results are shown in Table 2.

Figure 0006970516
Figure 0006970516

Figure 0006970516
Figure 0006970516

被処理水中の遊離塩素濃度が0.05mg/L以上となるように添加したことにより、被処理水中の遊離塩素濃度が0.05mg/L未満となるように添加した場合よりも高い殺菌性能を示した。 By adding so that the free chlorine concentration in the water to be treated is 0.05 mg / L or more, higher bactericidal performance than when added so that the free chlorine concentration in the water to be treated is less than 0.05 mg / L. Indicated.

<実施例3および比較例4>
[生物処理水を含有する被処理水の通水試験]
逆浸透膜用スライム抑制剤として安定化次亜臭素酸組成物(組成物1)を使用して、下記の通りに濃縮水中の遊離塩素濃度を0.05mg/L以上となるように連続的に薬注した結果を比較した。生菌数はスリーエム株式会社製ペトリフィルム(商標)培地生菌数測定用ACプレートにより行った。
<Example 3 and Comparative Example 4>
[Water flow test of treated water containing biologically treated water]
Using the stabilized hypobromous acid composition (Composition 1) as a slime inhibitor for reverse osmosis membranes, the free chlorine concentration in the concentrated water is continuously adjusted to 0.05 mg / L or more as shown below. The results of drug injection were compared. The viable cell count was measured using an AC plate for measuring the viable cell count in Petrifilm (trademark) medium manufactured by 3M Ltd.

(試験条件)
・試験装置:エレメント試験装置
・逆浸透膜:CPA5(日東電工製、ポリアミド系高分子膜)
・運転圧力:0.75MPa
・被処理水:MBR後、活性炭を通水させた処理水(pH7.0)
・薬剤:安定化次亜臭素酸組成物(組成物1)
・試験温度:25℃
・被処理水水質
SS:<2mg/L
CODMn:50mg/L
NH−N:1mg/L
(Test conditions)
・ Test equipment: Element test equipment ・ Reverse osmosis membrane: CPA5 (Nitto Denko, polyamide-based polymer membrane)
・ Operating pressure: 0.75MPa
-Water to be treated: Treated water (pH 7.0) in which activated carbon is passed after MBR.
-Drug: Stabilized hypobromous acid composition (Composition 1)
・ Test temperature: 25 ° C
・ Water quality to be treated SS: <2mg / L
CODMn: 50 mg / L
NH 4- N: 1 mg / L

(比較例4)
比較例4では、図1に示すエレメント試験装置を用い、上記の試験条件で通水した。薬剤は安定化次亜臭素酸組成物(組成物1)を使用して、濃縮水中の遊離塩素濃度を0.05mg/L未満に維持して通水した。
(Comparative Example 4)
In Comparative Example 4, the element test apparatus shown in FIG. 1 was used, and water was passed under the above test conditions. As the drug, a stabilized hypobromous acid composition (Composition 1) was used, and the free chlorine concentration in the concentrated water was maintained at less than 0.05 mg / L for water flow.

(結果)
通水時間(hr)に対するFlux保持率(%)および通水差圧(MPa)を図4に、通水時間(hr)に対するRO濃縮水の生菌数(CFU/mL)を図5に、通水時間(hr)に対するRO濃縮水の全塩素濃度(mg/L)および遊離塩素濃度(mg/L)を図6に示す。
(result)
The Lux retention rate (%) and the water flow differential pressure (MPa) with respect to the water flow time (hr) are shown in FIG. 4, and the viable cell count (CFU / mL) of the RO concentrated water with respect to the water flow time (hr) is shown in FIG. The total chlorine concentration (mg / L) and the free chlorine concentration (mg / L) of the RO concentrated water with respect to the water flow time (hr) are shown in FIG.

比較例4では、Flux保持率の急激な低下と通水差圧の急激な上昇が認められた。試験終了時のFlux保持率は27%、通水差圧は0.046MPaであった。また、試験期間において生菌数は1078〜3200CFU/mLであった。 In Comparative Example 4, a sharp decrease in the Lux retention rate and a sharp increase in the water flow differential pressure were observed. The Flex retention rate at the end of the test was 27%, and the water flow differential pressure was 0.046 MPa. In addition, the viable cell count was 1078 to 3200 CFU / mL during the test period.

(実施例3)
実施例3では、図1に示すエレメント試験装置を用い、上記の試験条件で通水した。薬剤は安定化次亜臭素酸組成物(組成物1)を使用して、濃縮水中の遊離塩素濃度を0.05mg/L以上に維持して通水した。
(Example 3)
In Example 3, the element test apparatus shown in FIG. 1 was used, and water was passed under the above test conditions. As the drug, a stabilized hypobromous acid composition (Composition 1) was used, and the free chlorine concentration in the concentrated water was maintained at 0.05 mg / L or more for water flow.

(結果)
通水時間(hr)に対するFlux保持率(%)および通水差圧(MPa)を図7に、通水時間(hr)に対するRO濃縮水の生菌数(CFU/mL)を図8に、通水時間(hr)に対するRO濃縮水の全塩素濃度(mg/L)および遊離塩素濃度(mg/L)を図9に示す。
(result)
The Lux retention rate (%) and the water flow differential pressure (MPa) with respect to the water flow time (hr) are shown in FIG. 7, and the viable cell count (CFU / mL) of the RO concentrated water with respect to the water flow time (hr) is shown in FIG. The total chlorine concentration (mg / L) and the free chlorine concentration (mg / L) of the RO concentrated water with respect to the water flow time (hr) are shown in FIG.

実施例3では、Flux保持率の急激な低下と通水差圧の急激な上昇は認められなかった。試験終了時のFlux保持率は101%、通水差圧は0.002MPaであった。また、試験期間において生菌数は25〜41CFU/mLであった。 In Example 3, a sharp decrease in the Lux retention rate and a sharp increase in the water flow differential pressure were not observed. The Flex retention rate at the end of the test was 101%, and the water flow differential pressure was 0.002 MPa. In addition, the viable cell count was 25 to 41 CFU / mL during the test period.

このように、実施例の方法により、生物処理水を含有する被処理水を逆浸透膜に通水して処理水および濃縮水を得る逆浸透膜処理において、逆浸透膜のスライム抑制効果を有し、かつ透過水量の低下を抑制することができた。 As described above, in the reverse osmosis membrane treatment in which the treated water containing the biologically treated water is passed through the reverse osmosis membrane to obtain the treated water and the concentrated water by the method of the example, the reverse osmosis membrane has a slime suppressing effect. Moreover, it was possible to suppress a decrease in the amount of permeated water.

1,3,5 水処理システム、10 被処理水槽、12 逆浸透膜処理装置、14 ポンプ、16,30 遊離塩素濃度測定装置、18 被処理水配管、20 被処理水供給配管、22 透過水配管、24 濃縮水配管、26,26a,26b 添加配管、28 pH調整剤添加配管、32 濃縮水循環配管、50 生物処理装置、52 原水供給配管、54 生物処理水供給配管。 1,3,5 Water treatment system, 10 Treated water tank, 12 Back-penetration membrane treatment device, 14 Pump, 16,30 Free chlorine concentration measuring device, 18 Treated water pipe, 20 Treated water supply pipe, 22 Permeated water pipe , 24 Concentrated water pipe, 26, 26a, 26b Addition pipe, 28 pH adjuster addition pipe, 32 Concentrated water circulation pipe, 50 Biological treatment equipment, 52 Raw water supply pipe, 54 Biological treatment water supply pipe.

Claims (2)

生物処理水を含有する被処理水を逆浸透膜に通水して処理水および濃縮水を得る、逆浸透膜を用いる水処理方法であって、
前記濃縮水中の遊離塩素濃度が0.05mg/L以上となるように、前記被処理水に臭素系酸化剤とスルファミン酸化合物とを含む安定化次亜臭素酸組成物を存在させ、
前記逆浸透膜は、ポリアミド系高分子膜であり、
前記被処理水は、アンモニアを含有し、前記被処理水のpHは6.5以上であり、前記被処理水のCODMnは、0.5〜1000mg/Lの範囲であることを特徴とする、逆浸透膜を用いる水処理方法。
A water treatment method using a reverse osmosis membrane, in which treated water containing biologically treated water is passed through a reverse osmosis membrane to obtain treated water and concentrated water.
A stabilized hypobromous acid composition containing a bromine-based oxidizing agent and a sulfamic acid compound is present in the water to be treated so that the free chlorine concentration in the concentrated water is 0.05 mg / L or more.
The reverse osmosis membrane is a polyamide-based polymer membrane and is
The water to be treated contains ammonia, the pH of the water to be treated is 6.5 or more, and the CODMn of the water to be treated is in the range of 0.5 to 1000 mg / L. A water treatment method using a reverse osmosis membrane.
生物処理水を含有する被処理水を逆浸透膜に通水して処理水および濃縮水を得る、逆浸透膜を用いる水処理方法であって、
前記濃縮水中の遊離塩素濃度が0.05mg/L以上となるように、前記被処理水に臭素とスルファミン酸化合物とを含む安定化次亜臭素酸組成物を存在させ、
前記逆浸透膜は、ポリアミド系高分子膜であり、
前記被処理水は、アンモニアを含有し、前記被処理水のpHは6.5以上であり、前記被処理水のCODMnは、0.5〜1000mg/Lの範囲であることを特徴とする、逆浸透膜を用いる水処理方法。
A water treatment method using a reverse osmosis membrane, in which treated water containing biologically treated water is passed through a reverse osmosis membrane to obtain treated water and concentrated water.
A stabilized hypobromous acid composition containing bromine and a sulfamic acid compound is present in the water to be treated so that the free chlorine concentration in the concentrated water is 0.05 mg / L or more.
The reverse osmosis membrane is a polyamide-based polymer membrane and is
The water to be treated contains ammonia, the pH of the water to be treated is 6.5 or more, and the CODMn of the water to be treated is in the range of 0.5 to 1000 mg / L. A water treatment method using a reverse osmosis membrane.
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