JP6951253B2 - 線形増幅器を用いて超音波式ハンドピースを駆動するためのシステム及び方法 - Google Patents
線形増幅器を用いて超音波式ハンドピースを駆動するためのシステム及び方法 Download PDFInfo
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- A61B2017/32007—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic with suction or vacuum means
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- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
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Description
Claims (17)
- 手術用電動ツール(330)のパワー発生部(344)にAC駆動信号を供給する制御コンソール(50)であって、
DC電圧が印加されるセンタータップと両端部とを有する一次巻線(252)と、前記ツールのパワー発生部(344)に印加されるAC駆動信号が誘発される二次巻線(258)とを備えた変圧器(250)と、
前記変圧器の一次巻線における各端部の電圧を変えて前記一次巻線にかかるAC電圧を発生させるために、前記変圧器の一次巻線(252)の両端部を接地状態ないし開状態にする回路(115)と
を有し、
前記変圧器の一次巻線(252)の両端部を接地ないし開状態にする回路は、線形増幅器(115)であり、
前記線形増幅器は、
前記一次巻線の各端部と接地との間の能動抵抗器として機能する複数のトランジスタ(162、184)と、
前記変圧器の一次巻線(252)の両端部における電圧が印加され、前記変圧器の一次巻線の両端部における電圧の差に基づく信号をフィードバック信号として生成する差動増幅器(240)と、
外部制御信号と前記フィードバック信号とに基づいて、前記一次巻線(252)にかかる電圧を設定するために前記能動抵抗器の抵抗を設定する制御回路であって、前記外部制御信号は、前記変圧器の一次巻線にかかるAC電圧を調節するための制御信号である、制御回路と
を有する、制御コンソール。 - 前記線形増幅器(115)は更に、前記差動増幅器(240)からの前記フィードバック信号を前記外部制御信号と組み合わせて、前記トランジスタ(162、184)の抵抗を調節する信号を生成するものである、請求項1に記載の制御コンソール(50)。
- 前記線形増幅器は、組み合わせられた前記フィードバック信号及び前記外部制御信号が印加される整流器及びスプリッタ(138)を有し、前記整流器及びスプリッタは、前記組み合わせられた信号を正の成分と負の成分に分けるものであり、前記組み合わせられた信号の負の成分は前記トランジスタのうちの第1のトランジスタ(162)の抵抗を設定するために用いられ、前記組み合わせられた信号の正の成分は、前記トランジスタのうちの第2のトランジスタ(184)の抵抗を設定するために用いられる、請求項2に記載の制御コンソール(50)。
- 前記線形増幅器(115)は、
前記フィードバック信号及び前記外部制御信号に基づいて、前記変圧器の一次巻線(252)の第1の端部に接続される前記トランジスタのうちの第1のトランジスタ(162)の抵抗を設定する電流を生成する第1の電圧制御型電流源(156)と、
前記フィードバック信号及び前記外部制御信号に基づいて、前記変圧器の一次巻線(252)の第2の端部に接続される前記トランジスタのうちの第2のトランジスタ(184)の抵抗を設定する電流を生成する第2の電圧制御型電流源(174)と
を有する、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の制御コンソール(50)。 - 前記線形増幅器(115)はスプリッタ(138)を有し、前記スプリッタは、正の成分及び負の成分を有するフィードバック調整済み外部制御信号を受信し、前記フィードバック調整済み外部制御信号の負の成分を前記第1の電圧制御型電流源(156)への制御信号として提供し、前記フィードバック調整済み外部制御信号の正の成分を前記第2の電圧制御型電流源(174)への制御信号として提供するものである、請求項4に記載の制御コンソール(50)。
- 前記変圧器の一次巻線(252)のセンタータップにDC可変電圧を供給するDC電源(84)と、
前記トランジスタ(162、184)にかかる電圧を監視し、前記トランジスタにかかる電圧を表す信号を生成するヘッドルームモニタ(190)と、
前記ヘッドルームモニタから、前記トランジスタ(162、184)にかかる電圧を表す信号を受信し、前記DC電源から供給されるDC電圧を調節するために前記DC電源に接続され、前記トランジスタにかかる電圧に基づいて、前記DC電源から前記変圧器の一次巻線(252)に供給されるDC電圧のレベルを設定する電源コントローラ(324)と
を更に有する請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の制御コンソール(50)。 - 前記ヘッドルームモニタ(190)は、入力として、
前記トランジスタがFETである場合に、前記FETのドレイン及びソースにおける電圧を受信し、
前記トランジスタがバイポーラトランジスタである場合に、前記バイポーラトランジスタのコレクタ及びエミッタにおける電圧を受信するものである、請求項6に記載の制御コンソール(50)。 - 前記DC電源(84)は、
DC定電圧供給源(86)と、
前記DC定電圧供給源(86)からDC電圧の印加を受けるブーストコンバータ(88)と
を有し、
前記DC電源(84)は、前記電源コントローラ(324)からの制御信号に応じて、前記変圧器の一次巻線(252)のセンタータップにDC可変電圧を印加する、請求項6又は7に記載の制御コンソール(50)。 - 前記能動抵抗器として機能する前記線形増幅器(115)の前記トランジスタがMOSFET(162、184)である、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の制御コンソール(50)。
- 前記変圧器(250)は、超音波式手術用ツール(330)の少なくとも1つのドライバ(344)へ前記AC駆動信号を出力するものである、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の制御コンソール(50)。
- 前記線形増幅器(115)は、前記フィードバック信号及び前記外部制御信号とは無関係に、前記トランジスタの各々(162、184)が絶えず飽和モードとなるように、前記トランジスタの各々に信号を印加するものである、請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載の制御コンソール(50)。
- 前記電源コントローラは、複数の前記トランジスタにかかる電圧を表す信号に基づいて、複数の前記トランジスタに飽和電圧が印加されるよう前記変圧器の一次巻線のセンタータップに印加されるDC電圧のレベルを設定するものである、請求項6〜8のいずれか一項に記載の制御コンソール(50)。
- 前記ヘッドルームモニタ(190)は、前記トランジスタの両端部における電圧を入力として受信し、前記トランジスタの第1の端部における電圧と、前記トランジスタの前記第1の端部とは反対の第2の端部における電圧との差に基づいて、複数の前記トランジスタにかかる電圧を表す信号を生成するものである、請求項6〜8及び12のいずれか一項に記載の制御コンソール(50)。
- 前記トランジスタがFET(162、184)であり、
前記ヘッドルームモニタ(190)は、前記トランジスタの2つのドレイン電圧のうちの低い方と、前記トランジスタのソースにおける2つのピーク電圧のうちの高い方との差に基づいて、複数の前記トランジスタにかかる電圧を表す信号を生成するものである、請求項6〜8、12及び13のいずれか一項に記載の制御コンソール(50)。 - トランジスタ(162、184)と前記変圧器の一次巻線(252)との各接続部における電圧が逆バイアスのダイオード(196、198)に印加されるように前記ヘッドルームモニタが構成され、前記ダイオードのアノードが互いに接続され、前記アノード間の接続部に定電圧が印加され、前記ダイオードのアノード間の接続部における電圧は、前記トランジスタと前記変圧器の一次巻線との間における2つの電圧のうちの低い方であり、該電圧が前記トランジスタの第1の端部における電圧として用いられる、請求項6〜8、12、13及び14のいずれか一項に記載の制御コンソール(50)。
- 前記トランジスタ(162、184)の、前記変圧器の一次巻線から見て遠位にある端部における電圧が順バイアスの複数のダイオード(470)に印加されるように前記ヘッドルームモニタが構成され、前記複数のダイオードのカソードが接続部にて接続され、前記複数のダイオード(470)の該接続部における電圧は、前記トランジスタの第1の端部における電圧として用いられる、請求項6〜8、12、13及び14のいずれか一項に記載の制御コンソール(50)。
- インダクタ(187)をさらに備え、
前記インダクタ(187)の一端が、複数の前記トランジスタのうちの第1のトランジスタ(162)と前記変圧器の一次巻線(252)の第1の端部との接続部に接続され、前記インダクタの他端が、複数の前記トランジスタのうちの第2のトランジスタ(184)と前記変圧器の一次巻線の第2の端部との接続部に接続され、
前記インダクタが前記ハンドピースのドライバ(344)と並列であるとした場合に、回路が前記ハンドピースの共振周波数の50%以内の共振周波数を有することになるようなインダクタンスを前記インダクタが有する、
請求項10に記載の制御コンソール(50)。
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