JP6926084B2 - ニコチン粉末送達システム - Google Patents

ニコチン粉末送達システム Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP6926084B2
JP6926084B2 JP2018529303A JP2018529303A JP6926084B2 JP 6926084 B2 JP6926084 B2 JP 6926084B2 JP 2018529303 A JP2018529303 A JP 2018529303A JP 2018529303 A JP2018529303 A JP 2018529303A JP 6926084 B2 JP6926084 B2 JP 6926084B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
nicotine
nicotine powder
delivery system
capsule
powder delivery
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
JP2018529303A
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2019506914A (ja
Inventor
ジェラール ズベール
ジェラール ズベール
Original Assignee
フィリップ・モーリス・プロダクツ・ソシエテ・アノニム
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by フィリップ・モーリス・プロダクツ・ソシエテ・アノニム filed Critical フィリップ・モーリス・プロダクツ・ソシエテ・アノニム
Publication of JP2019506914A publication Critical patent/JP2019506914A/ja
Priority to JP2021128118A priority Critical patent/JP7238043B2/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP6926084B2 publication Critical patent/JP6926084B2/ja
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00—Inhalators
    • A61M15/0028—Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up
    • A61M15/003—Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up using capsules, e.g. to be perforated or broken-up
    • A61M15/0033—Details of the piercing or cutting means
    • A61M15/0035—Piercing means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/40—Constructional details, e.g. connection of cartridges and battery parts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00—Inhalators
    • A61M15/0001—Details of inhalators; Constructional features thereof
    • A61M15/0005—Details of inhalators; Constructional features thereof with means for agitating the medicament
    • A61M15/0006—Details of inhalators; Constructional features thereof with means for agitating the medicament using rotating means
    • A61M15/0008—Details of inhalators; Constructional features thereof with means for agitating the medicament using rotating means rotating by airflow
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/20—Devices using solid inhalable precursors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F42/00—Simulated smoking devices other than electrically operated; Component parts thereof; Manufacture or testing thereof
    • A24F42/20—Devices without heating means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F42/00—Simulated smoking devices other than electrically operated; Component parts thereof; Manufacture or testing thereof
    • A24F42/60—Constructional details
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00—Inhalators
    • A61M15/0001—Details of inhalators; Constructional features thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00—Inhalators
    • A61M15/0001—Details of inhalators; Constructional features thereof
    • A61M15/0021—Mouthpieces therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00—Inhalators
    • A61M15/0028—Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up
    • A61M15/003—Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up using capsules, e.g. to be perforated or broken-up
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00—Inhalators
    • A61M15/0028—Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up
    • A61M15/0063—Storages for pre-packed dosages
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00—Inhalators
    • A61M15/06—Inhaling appliances shaped like cigars, cigarettes or pipes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2202/00—Special media to be introduced, removed or treated
    • A61M2202/06—Solids
    • A61M2202/064—Powder
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2206/00—Characteristics of a physical parameter; associated device therefor
    • A61M2206/10—Flow characteristics
    • A61M2206/16—Rotating swirling helical flow, e.g. by tangential inflows

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
JP2018529303A 2015-12-24 2016-12-08 ニコチン粉末送達システム Active JP6926084B2 (ja)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2021128118A JP7238043B2 (ja) 2015-12-24 2021-08-04 ニコチン粉末送達システム

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15202712 2015-12-24
EP15202712.4 2015-12-24
PCT/IB2016/057455 WO2017109626A1 (en) 2015-12-24 2016-12-08 Nicotine powder delivery system

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2021128118A Division JP7238043B2 (ja) 2015-12-24 2021-08-04 ニコチン粉末送達システム

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2019506914A JP2019506914A (ja) 2019-03-14
JP6926084B2 true JP6926084B2 (ja) 2021-08-25

Family

ID=55027499

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2018529303A Active JP6926084B2 (ja) 2015-12-24 2016-12-08 ニコチン粉末送達システム
JP2021128118A Active JP7238043B2 (ja) 2015-12-24 2021-08-04 ニコチン粉末送達システム

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2021128118A Active JP7238043B2 (ja) 2015-12-24 2021-08-04 ニコチン粉末送達システム

Country Status (16)

Country Link
US (2) US11338099B2 (enExample)
EP (2) EP3669916B1 (enExample)
JP (2) JP6926084B2 (enExample)
KR (1) KR102649827B1 (enExample)
CN (2) CN113273731B (enExample)
AU (1) AU2016379094A1 (enExample)
BR (1) BR112018011496A2 (enExample)
CA (1) CA3008211A1 (enExample)
IL (1) IL259943A (enExample)
MX (1) MX2018007510A (enExample)
MY (1) MY188235A (enExample)
PH (1) PH12018501143A1 (enExample)
RU (1) RU2735143C2 (enExample)
SG (1) SG11201805072PA (enExample)
WO (1) WO2017109626A1 (enExample)
ZA (1) ZA201803582B (enExample)

Families Citing this family (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2768565C2 (ru) * 2017-05-31 2022-03-24 Филип Моррис Продактс С.А. Расходное изделие с никотиновым порошком
JP2020527377A (ja) 2017-06-28 2020-09-10 フィリップ・モーリス・プロダクツ・ソシエテ・アノニム 吸入器と併用するための粒子を含む容器
WO2019082057A1 (en) * 2017-10-25 2019-05-02 Philip Morris Products S.A. DRILLING ACCESSORY FOR INHALATION ARTICLE AND SYSTEM
WO2019101135A1 (zh) * 2017-11-23 2019-05-31 正大天晴药业集团股份有限公司 新型干粉吸入装置
US11744960B2 (en) 2017-12-28 2023-09-05 Philip Morris Products S.A. Inhaler with vortex tunnel
WO2019186337A1 (en) * 2018-03-26 2019-10-03 Philip Morris Products S.A. Inhaler with aperatured porous support element
EP3772257B1 (en) 2018-03-26 2024-02-21 Philip Morris Products S.A. Inhaler with composite porous support element
US11964099B2 (en) 2018-03-26 2024-04-23 Philip Morris Products, S.A. Inhaler with vortex capsule cavity
KR102804090B1 (ko) * 2019-03-05 2025-05-07 필립모리스 프로덕츠 에스.에이. 흡입기 물품용 관통 장치
WO2021059094A1 (en) 2019-09-26 2021-04-01 Philip Morris Products S.A. Inhaler article with a twisted distal end element
WO2021079344A1 (en) * 2019-10-25 2021-04-29 Philip Morris Products S.A. Inhaler article with tangential airflow end element
WO2021079343A1 (en) * 2019-10-25 2021-04-29 Philip Morris Products S.A. Inhaler article with open distal end, and inhaler system
BR112022014726A2 (pt) 2020-02-26 2022-10-11 Philip Morris Products Sa Bocal de inalador com canal de ar de aroma separado
US20230263238A1 (en) * 2020-07-24 2023-08-24 Philip Morris Products S.A. Inhaler article
BR112023006255A2 (pt) * 2020-10-16 2023-05-09 Philip Morris Products Sa Gerador de aerossol com câmara curva
US20240042146A1 (en) * 2020-12-18 2024-02-08 Philip Morris Products S.A. Inhaler article having hollow tubular element
KR20230121741A (ko) * 2020-12-18 2023-08-21 필립모리스 프로덕츠 에스.에이. 흡입기 물품 및 이에 사용하기 위한 캡슐
EP4308207B1 (en) * 2021-03-16 2025-08-06 Philip Morris Products S.A. Inhaler article holder for high dose delivery
JPWO2023084733A1 (enExample) * 2021-11-12 2023-05-19
CN120417886A (zh) * 2022-10-27 2025-08-01 韩国烟草人参公社 含有止咳剂的干粉吸入器用棒状件及包括其的干粉吸入器
KR102842879B1 (ko) * 2022-10-31 2025-08-07 주식회사 케이티앤지 인헤일러
KR20240107439A (ko) * 2022-12-30 2024-07-09 주식회사 케이티앤지 흡입기
KR20250155524A (ko) * 2023-02-27 2025-10-30 필립모리스 프로덕츠 에스.에이. 삼각형 지지체를 갖는 흡입기 물품
WO2025052299A1 (en) 2023-09-08 2025-03-13 Philip Morris Products S.A. Hybrid aerosol and powder generating consumable article and system

Family Cites Families (37)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4069819A (en) * 1973-04-13 1978-01-24 Societa Farmaceutici S.P.A. Inhalation device
US4695274A (en) * 1986-01-31 1987-09-22 Fox Richard L Protected hypodermic needle
US4790305A (en) * 1986-06-23 1988-12-13 The Johns Hopkins University Medication delivery system
US4735217A (en) 1986-08-21 1988-04-05 The Procter & Gamble Company Dosing device to provide vaporized medicament to the lungs as a fine aerosol
GB8804069D0 (en) * 1988-02-22 1988-03-23 Britains Petite Ltd Dispensers for powdered medication
IT1228459B (it) * 1989-02-23 1991-06-19 Phidea S R L Inalatore con svuotamento regolare e completo della capsula.
NO168921C (no) 1989-07-31 1992-04-22 Svein Knudsen Roekfri sigaretterstatning til bruk ved roekavvenning ellertil bruk i roekfrie miljoeer
US5042510A (en) * 1990-01-08 1991-08-27 Curtiss Philip F Simulated cigarette
US5441060A (en) * 1993-02-08 1995-08-15 Duke University Dry powder delivery system
US6102036A (en) * 1994-04-12 2000-08-15 Smoke-Stop Breath activated inhaler
US6595210B2 (en) * 2000-11-27 2003-07-22 Unisia Jecs Corporation Inhalator for administering powder composition
US6681768B2 (en) * 2001-06-22 2004-01-27 Sofotec Gmbh & Co. Kg Powder formulation disintegrating system and method for dry powder inhalers
US20040206350A1 (en) * 2002-12-19 2004-10-21 Nektar Therapeutics Aerosolization apparatus with non-circular aerosolization chamber
CA2520265C (en) * 2003-04-09 2015-02-17 Nektar Therapeutics Aerosolization apparatus with capsule puncture alignment guide
CN2742785Y (zh) 2003-09-17 2005-11-30 冯宇 尼古丁吸入器
EP1947011B1 (en) * 2005-11-21 2010-04-21 MannKind Corporation Powder dispensing and sensing apparatus and methods
US8042550B2 (en) * 2006-11-02 2011-10-25 Vladimir Nikolaevich Urtsev Smoke-simulating pipe
GB2461008B (en) 2006-12-08 2011-08-10 Exchange Supplies Ltd Nicotine inhalation device
US10668058B2 (en) 2007-03-30 2020-06-02 Philip Morris Products S.A. Device and method for delivery of a medicament
CN101888867B (zh) * 2007-12-05 2013-05-15 诺瓦提斯公司 用于可雾化的药物制剂的容器
KR101257597B1 (ko) 2009-02-23 2013-04-26 니뽄 다바코 산교 가부시키가이샤 비가열형 담배 향미 흡인기
US8813759B1 (en) * 2010-11-18 2014-08-26 Richard C. Horian Nicotine inhaler and method of manufacture
JP6050758B2 (ja) 2010-12-07 2016-12-21 レスピラ セラピューティクス インコーポレイテッドＲｅｓｐｉｒａ Ｔｈｅｒａｐｅｕｔｉｃｓ，Ｉｎｃ． 乾燥粉末吸入器及びその作動方法
US10220165B2 (en) 2011-05-27 2019-03-05 Boehringer Ingelheim International Gmbh Inhalator and capsule for an inhalator
KR102002187B1 (ko) * 2011-07-13 2019-07-19 파맥시스 엘티디 전달 장치에 관한 개선
US20140088044A1 (en) 2012-09-21 2014-03-27 Basil Rigas Product comprising a nicotine-containing material and an anti-cancer agent
CN102894486A (zh) 2012-11-07 2013-01-30 修运强 螺旋驱动的滑动刺入式电子烟具
GB201413032D0 (en) * 2014-02-28 2014-09-03 Beyond Twenty Ltd Beyond 7
CN106170313B (zh) * 2014-04-28 2020-11-10 菲利普莫里斯生产公司 带香味尼古丁粉末吸入器
HUE045841T2 (hu) * 2014-04-28 2020-01-28 Philip Morris Products Sa Nikotinpor-inhalátor
EP3157364B1 (en) 2014-06-20 2018-08-22 Philip Morris Products S.a.s. Nicotine powder delivery system with airflow management means
CN104126878B (zh) * 2014-08-15 2017-05-10 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 一种含微胶囊缓释装置的电子烟及微胶囊
CN107635612B (zh) * 2015-04-15 2021-09-14 菲利普莫里斯生产公司 干粉吸入器和使用方法
KR102641134B1 (ko) * 2015-04-15 2024-02-28 필립모리스 프로덕츠 에스.에이. 흡입 디바이스를 위한 향료 요소
EP3283148B1 (en) * 2015-04-15 2023-12-27 Philip Morris Products S.A. Dry powder inhalers with partial dosage delivery
KR102643274B1 (ko) * 2015-04-15 2024-03-05 필립모리스 프로덕츠 에스.에이. 이중 저항 건조 분말 흡입기
MX2018007733A (es) * 2015-12-30 2018-08-15 Philip Morris Products Sa Articulo generador de aerosol que comprende un elemento de suministro de liquido.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2020133228A (ru) 2021-01-28
RU2735143C2 (ru) 2020-10-28
EP3669916A1 (en) 2020-06-24
PH12018501143A1 (en) 2019-01-21
WO2017109626A1 (en) 2017-06-29
US20220249786A1 (en) 2022-08-11
US12233204B2 (en) 2025-02-25
KR102649827B1 (ko) 2024-03-21
EP3669916C0 (en) 2023-09-06
CN108463262B (zh) 2021-06-11
ZA201803582B (en) 2019-07-31
IL259943A (en) 2018-07-31
AU2016379094A1 (en) 2018-06-21
EP3669916B1 (en) 2023-09-06
JP2021169005A (ja) 2021-10-28
US20180369517A1 (en) 2018-12-27
MY188235A (en) 2021-11-24
KR20180097534A (ko) 2018-08-31
JP2019506914A (ja) 2019-03-14
BR112018011496A2 (pt) 2018-12-04
RU2018126476A (ru) 2020-01-24
CN108463262A (zh) 2018-08-28
MX2018007510A (es) 2018-08-01
SG11201805072PA (en) 2018-07-30
EP3393560A1 (en) 2018-10-31
CA3008211A1 (en) 2017-06-29
RU2018126476A3 (enExample) 2020-04-23
JP7238043B2 (ja) 2023-03-13
EP3393560B1 (en) 2020-03-25
CN113273731B (zh) 2024-11-29
CN113273731A (zh) 2021-08-20
US11338099B2 (en) 2022-05-24

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP7238043B2 (ja) ニコチン粉末送達システム
JP6976970B2 (ja) ニコチン吸入器システム
JP7061124B2 (ja) 渦巻状端部プラグを備えた吸入器
JP6712232B2 (ja) 風味付きニコチン粉末吸入器
JP7242300B2 (ja) ニコチン粒子カプセル
JP6976971B2 (ja) ニコチン粒子送達消耗品
JP7356430B2 (ja) 乾燥粉末吸入器
JP7061123B2 (ja) サイズ設定された空洞を備えた吸入器
JP2020527377A (ja) 吸入器と併用するための粒子を含む容器
JP2025126285A (ja) 風味付きニコチン粉末
JP2021500017A (ja) 吸入器物品用の貫通付属品およびシステム
JP2021500015A (ja) 境界要素を備えた吸入器
RU2824230C2 (ru) Система доставки никотинового порошка
JP2020521555A (ja) ニコチン粉末消耗品物品
HK40029937B (en) Nicotine powder delivery system
HK40029937A (en) Nicotine powder delivery system
HK1261336A1 (en) Nicotine powder delivery system
HK1261336B (en) Nicotine powder delivery system

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20180706

A621 Written request for application examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621

Effective date: 20191119

A977 Report on retrieval

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

Effective date: 20201014

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20201126

A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20210224

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20210705

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20210804

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Ref document number: 6926084

Country of ref document: JP

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250