JP6920797B2 - 液晶素子、光制御装置 - Google Patents
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Description
図1は、液晶素子の基本的な構成ならびに動作原理を説明するための模式的な断面図である。図1(A)に示す液晶素子は、対向配置された2つの基板(透明基板)1、2の間に液晶層8が配置されている。そして、基板1は、その一面側に、一対の電極3a、3bと、これら電極3a、3bの間に設けられてそれぞれと接続している高抵抗膜4と、少なくとも高抵抗膜4の上側領域に設けられた配向膜5を有する。基板2は、その一面側に、少なくとも各電極3a、3bおよび高抵抗膜4と対向する領域に設けられた共通電極6と、少なくともこの共通電極6の上側領域に設けられた配向膜7を有する。
上記した第1実施形態では、1つの液晶素子を用いて光の進行方向を一次元的に変化させる場合について説明していたが、2つの液晶素子を組み合わせることにより、光の進行方向を二次元的に変化させることができる。以下、それを実現するための構成を説明する。なお、第1実施形態と共通する構成については詳細な説明を省略する。
上記した第2実施形態と同様に2つの液晶素子を組み合わせ、さらに1/2波長板(λ/2板)を組み合わせることによっても、光の進行方向を二次元的に変化させることができる。以下、それを実現するための構成を説明する。なお、第1実施形態、第2実施形態と共通する構成については詳細な説明を省略する。
上記した第1〜第3実施形態では、2つの電極間に高抵抗膜を設けた両電極間に連続的な電圧勾配を設けて液晶層8の配向状態を連続的に変化させていたが、2つの電極の一方を第1電極1側に設け、他方を第2電極2側に設けて斜め電界を発生させることによっても同様の動作を実現することができる。以下その場合の構成について説明する。
2:第2基板
3a、3b:電極
4:高抵抗膜
5、7:配向膜
6:共通電極
8:液晶層
9:シール材
13a、13b、14:取り出し電極
15:スリット部
100、100a、100b:液晶素子
101:駆動装置
102:光源
200:1/2波長板
Claims (6)
- 両者間に1/2波長板を配置して重ねて配置される第1液晶素子及び第2液晶素子の駆動方法であって、
前記第1液晶素子及び前記第2液晶素子の各々は、
対向配置される第1基板及び第2基板と、
前記第1基板の一面側と前記第2基板の一面側との間に配置される液晶層と、
前記第1基板の一面側に設けられ、平面視において相互間に前記液晶層の配向方向と略直交する方向又は略平行な方向に延在する間隙であるスリット部を有して配置される一対の電極と、
前記第1基板の一面側に設けられ、平面視において少なくとも前記一対の電極の間の隙間を埋めるように配置されて当該一対の電極の各々と接続されており、そのシート抵抗が前記一対の電極のシート抵抗よりも大きく設定されている高抵抗膜と、
前記第1基板の一面側に設けられ、前記一対の電極及び前記高抵抗膜を覆って配置される第1配向膜と、
前記第2基板の一面側に設けられる第2配向膜と、
前記第2基板の一面側に設けられ、平面視において前記一対の電極と重なるように配置され、かつ前記第2配向膜に覆われる共通電極と、
を含み、
前記第1液晶素子と前記第2液晶素子は、各々の前記スリット部の延在する方向が略直交し、かつ当該延在する方向が前記1/2波長板の光軸方向に対して45°の角度をなすように配置されたものであり、
前記駆動方法は、
前記第1液晶素子と前記第2液晶素子の各々に対して、前記一対の電極のうちの第1電極と前記共通電極に第1電位を与え、前記一対の電極のうちの第2電極には前記第1電位と異なる第2電位を与えるものである、
液晶素子の駆動方法。 - 両者間に1/2波長板を配置して重ねて配置される第1液晶素子及び第2液晶素子と当該第1液晶素子及び第2液晶素子を駆動する駆動装置とを含む光制御装置であって、
前記第1液晶素子及び前記第2液晶素子の各々は、
対向配置される第1基板及び第2基板と、
前記第1基板の一面側と前記第2基板の一面側との間に配置される液晶層と、
前記第1基板の一面側に設けられ、平面視において相互間に前記液晶層の配向方向と略直交する方向又は略平行な方向に延在する間隙であるスリット部を有して配置される一対の電極と、
前記第1基板の一面側に設けられ、平面視において少なくとも前記一対の電極の間の隙間を埋めるように配置されて当該一対の電極の各々と接続されており、そのシート抵抗が前記一対の電極のシート抵抗よりも大きく設定されている高抵抗膜と、
前記第1基板の一面側に設けられ、前記一対の電極及び前記高抵抗膜を覆って配置される第1配向膜と、
前記第2基板の一面側に設けられる第2配向膜と、
前記第2基板の一面側に設けられ、平面視において前記一対の電極と重なるように配置され、かつ前記第2配向膜に覆われる共通電極と、
を含み、
前記第1液晶素子と前記第2液晶素子は、各々の前記スリット部の延在する方向が略直交し、かつ当該延在する方向が前記1/2波長板の光軸方向に対して45°の角度をなすように配置されたものであり、
前記駆動装置は、
前記第1液晶素子と前記第2液晶素子の各々に対して、前記一対の電極のうちの第1電極と前記共通電極に第1電位を与え、前記一対の電極のうちの第2電極には前記第1電位と異なる第2電位を与えるものである、
光制御装置。 - 前記駆動装置は、前記第1電極と前記共通電極に第1電位を与えて前記第2電極には前記第2電位を与えること、及び前記第2電極と前記共通電極に第1電位を与えて前記第1電極には前記第2電位を与えることを選択的に実行する、
請求項2に記載の光制御装置。 - 前記駆動装置は、前記第1電極と前記共通電極に第1電位を与えて前記第2電極には前記第2電位を与えること、前記第2電極と前記共通電極に第1電位を与えて前記第1電極には前記第2電位を与えること、及び前記第1電極と前記第2電極に同電位を与えることを選択的に実行する、
請求項3に記載の光制御装置。 - 前記駆動装置は、前記第2電位として交流電圧を与える、
請求項2〜4の何れか1項に記載の光制御装置。 - 前記駆動装置は、前記第1電位として基準電位を与える、
請求項2〜5の何れか1項に記載の光制御装置。
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US15/668,262 US10600978B2 (en) | 2016-08-25 | 2017-08-03 | Liquid crystal element and light control apparatus for accurate light control |
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