CN110202788A - 一种对置基板、液晶面板以及3d打印装置 - Google Patents
一种对置基板、液晶面板以及3d打印装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及3D打印技术领域,尤其涉及一种对置基板、液晶面板以及3D打印装置。用以削弱液晶散射后经开口区边缘射出的光波的光强度,减小视角,提升解析度,从而提高3D打印精度。本发明实施例提供一种对置基板,包括:第一衬底,以及设置于所述第一衬底上的黑矩阵图案,所述黑矩阵图案限定出多个开口区,每个所述开口区分别与一个亚像素正对;还包括相位移膜,该相位移膜设置于第一衬底上,且位于每个所述开口区,从所述开口区的边缘到距离所述开口区的边缘预设距离的位置所限定的环形区域,所述相位移膜用于使经过其的光波发生相位反转。本发明实施例用于提升3D打印精度。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及3D打印技术领域,尤其涉及一种对置基板、液晶面板以及3D打印装置。
背景技术
3D打印技术自问世以来,在健康医疗、制造业、军事等领域均具有广阔的应用前景。
根据目前3D打印所使用的材料,成型技术可以分为两种,一种是以各种粉末或者薄膜为原材料,利用激光进行熔融、烧结的成型技术,另一种是以液体树脂为原材料,通过控制光通量对液体树脂进行固化的成型技术。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的在于,提供一种对置基板、液晶面板以及3D打印装置。用以削弱液晶散射后经开口区边缘射出的光波的光强度,减小视角,提升解析度,从而提高3D打印精度。
为达到上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一方面,本发明实施例提供一种对置基板,包括:第一衬底,以及设置于所述第一衬底上的黑矩阵图案,所述黑矩阵图案限定出多个开口区,每个所述开口区分别与一个亚像素正对;相位移膜,所述相位移膜设置于所述第一衬底上,且位于每个所述开口区,从所述开口区的边缘到距离所述开口区的边缘预设距离的位置所限定的环形区域,所述相位移膜用于使经过其的光波发生相位反转。
可选的,所述相位移膜还延伸覆盖至所述黑矩阵图案远离所述第一衬底的一侧,且所述相位移膜在第一衬底上的正投影与所述黑矩阵图案在所述第一衬底上的正投影至少部分重叠。
可选的,所述预设距离为0.4-0.5微米。
可选的,所述第一衬底上还设置有封装层,所述封装层设置于所述黑矩阵图案和所述相位移膜远离所述第一衬底的一侧。
可选的,所述封装层的材质包括树脂材质。
可选的,所述黑矩阵图案的材料包括铬材料。
另一方面,本发明实施例提供一种液晶面板,包括阵列基板和与之相对的对置基板,以及设置于所述阵列基板和对置基板之间的液晶层;其中,所述对置基板为如上所述的对置基板。
可选的,所述液晶面板还包括设置于所述阵列基板远离所述对置基板一侧的第一偏光片,和设置于所述对置基板远离所述阵列基板一侧的第二偏光片。
再一方面,本发明实施例提供一种3D打印装置,包括光源、以及如上所述的液晶面板,所述光源设置于所述液晶面板背离出光面的一侧;所述液晶面板用于对所述光源所发出的光的光通量进行控制,形成待打印物体的截面图形。
可选的,所述光源所发出的光为波长在300-400nm范围内的紫外光。
本发明实施例提供一种对置基板、液晶面板以及3D打印装置。通过在每个开口区,且从该开口区的边缘到距离该开口区的边缘预设距离的位置限定的环形区域设置相位移膜,由于该相位移膜能够使经过其的光波发生相位反转,因此,在打印时,经过该环形区域的光波经过该相位移膜后发生相位反转,如波峰变为波谷,与旁边未被相位移膜遮挡的光波的部分发生相消干涉,即波峰和波谷相叠加,极大地削弱了0次光的光强度,从而极大地削弱了液晶散射后经开口区边缘射出的光波的光强度,能够减小视角,提升解析度,从而提高3D打印精度。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案,下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例提供的一种3D打印装置的结构示意图;
图2为本发明实施例提供的一种液晶面板的俯视结构示意图;
图3为本发明实施例提供的基于图2的A-A’方向的剖视结构示意图;
图4为本发明实施例提供的一种设置相位移膜时,相对于未设置相位移膜,在3D打印过程中视角减小的示意图;
图5为本发明实施例提供的一种未设置相位移膜时,3D打印过程中的光路图;
图6为本发明实施例提供的一种设置相位移膜时,3D打印过程中的光路图;
图7为本发明实施例提供的另一种基于图2的A-A’方向的剖视结构示意图;
图8为本发明实施例提供的再一种基于图2的A-A’方向的剖视结构示意图;
图9为本发明实施例提供的一种对置基板的剖视结构示意图;
图10为本发明实施例提供的一种采用3D打印装置进行3D打印的方法的流程示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
在本发明的描述中,需要理解的是,术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。在本发明的描述中,除非另有说明,“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
本发明的实施例提供一种3D打印装置,参见图1,包括:光源1、液体树脂2,以及设置于光源1和液体树脂2之间的液晶面板3。该液晶面板3用于对光源1发出的光的光通量进行控制,在液体树脂上形成待打印物体的截面图形。
其中,可选的,该光源所发出的光为波长在300-400nm范围内的紫外光。相应地,该液体树脂2可以为在紫外光的照射下发生固化的树脂材料。
如图1所示,该液晶面板3包括阵列基板31和对置基板32,以及设置于该阵列基板31和对置基板32之间的液晶层33。阵列基板31和对置基板32通过封框胶对合在一起,从而将液晶层33限定在封框胶围成的区域内。
在此基础上,如图1所示,该光源1位于该阵列基板31远离该对置基板32的一侧,该液体树脂2位于该对置基板32远离该阵列基板31的一侧。
另外,如图1所示,该液晶面板3还可以包括设置于该阵列基板31远离该对置基板32一侧的第一偏光片34,和设置于该对置基板32远离该阵列基板一侧的第二偏光片35。
如图2所示,该液晶面板3划分出显示区A和周边区S,周边区S用于布线,此外,也可将栅极驱动电路设置于周边区S。图2以周边区S环绕显示区A为例进行示意。
上述显示区A中包括多个亚像素(sub pixel)P。这里如图2所示,以多个该亚像素P呈矩阵形式排列为例进行说明。
在此情况下,沿水平方向X排列成一排的亚像素P称为同一行亚像素,沿竖直方向Y排列成一排的亚像素P称为同一列亚像素。同一行亚像素可以与一根栅线连接,同一列亚像素可以与一根数据线连接。
如图3所示,阵列基板31在每个亚像素P均设置有位于第二衬底310上的薄膜晶体管(Thin-film transistor,TFT)10和像素电极20。薄膜晶体管10包括有源层、源极、漏极、栅极(Gate)及栅绝缘层(Gate Insulator,简称GI),源极和漏极分别与有源层接触,像素电极20与薄膜晶体管10的漏极电连接。在一些实施例中,阵列基板31还包括设置在第二衬底310上的公共电极30。像素电极20和公共电极30可以设置在同一层,在此情况下,像素电极20和公共电极30均为包括多个条状子电极的梳齿结构。如图3所示,像素电极20和公共电极30也可以设置在不同层。在另一些实施例中,阵列基板31还包括栅线和数据线,薄膜晶体管10的栅极与栅线电连接,源极与数据线电连接。阵列基板31上的薄膜晶体管10用于控制向像素电极20施加信号与否,在栅线输入信号时,与该栅线连接的薄膜晶体管10导通,数据线上的信号通过导通的薄膜晶体管10施加到像素电极20上。
如图3所示,该对置基板32包括第一衬底320,以及设置于该第一衬底320上的黑矩阵图案321,该黑矩阵图案321限定出多个开口区L,每个该开口区L分别与一个亚像素P正对。
在打印时,该液晶面板3可将面光源细分为像素大小的面光源,同时,利用液晶面板3中液晶的光阀作用,控制光通量,形成待打印物体的截面图形,固化截面图形对应位置处的液体树脂,未被固化的液体树脂保持液态而被移除,这就形成了3D模型中的一层图案,经过层层照射、固化,最终堆叠形成3D模型。
在此过程中,液晶面板3将面光源细分成更密集单位的光线,且每单位光的强度均可通过液晶的光阀作用得以快速准确调整,以提高3D模型的打印精度。
根据液晶面板3的光通量控制原理,如图4所示,由于液晶分子的存在,光线经过液晶分子后发生散射,并经由该开口区L的边缘射出,形成较大的视角。然而,对于3D打印技术来说,视角越窄,精度越高,这就要求对每单位光的强度进行精确控制。
基于此,在本发明的实施例中,如图4所示,该对置基板32还包括相位移膜322,该相位移膜322设置于第一衬底320上,且位于每个开口区L,从该开口区L的边缘到距离该开口区L的边缘预设距离的位置所限定的环形区域,该相位移膜322用于使经过其的光波发生相位反转。
相对于在每个开口区L不设置该相位移膜322的情况,如图5所示,光以正弦波向前传播,相同相位的光在开口区L处的点位波峰(如图5中实线波所示)和波峰相叠加(如图5中黑点所示),波谷(如图5中虚线波所示)和波谷相叠加,形成0次光。0次光使得该开口区L的边缘原本被黑矩阵图案321遮挡处的光波振幅增加,光强增加,从而使得经每个开口区L射出的光线成扇面,形成较大的视角,从而使得到达液体树脂处时形成较大的斑点,不利于解析度的提升,从而不利于3D打印精度的提升。
在本发明的实施例中,如图4和图6所示,通过在每个开口区L,且从该开口区L的边缘到距离该开口区L的边缘预设距离的位置限定的环形区域设置相位移膜322,由于该相位移膜322能够使经过其的光波发生相位反转,因此,在打印时,经过该环形区域的光波经过该相位移膜322后发生相位反转,如波峰变为波谷(如图6中虚线波所示),与旁边未被相位移膜322遮挡的光波的部分发生相消干涉,即波峰(如图6中实线波所示)和波谷相叠加,极大地削弱了0次光的光强度,从而极大地削弱了液晶散射后经开口区L边缘射出的光波的光强度(如图4所示),能够减小视角,提升解析度,从而提高3D打印精度。
其中,为了将视角减小至合适的范围内,可选的,如图4所示,该预设距离d为0.4-0.5微米。
其中,对该相位移膜322的设置位置不做具体限定,该相位移膜322可以设置于该第一衬底320远离该黑矩阵图案321的一侧,也可以设置于该第一衬底320朝向该黑矩阵图案321的一侧。
本发明的一可选实施例中,如图4所示,该相位移膜322设置于该第一衬底320朝向该黑矩阵图案321的一侧。
为了制作方便,可选的,如图7和图9所示,该相位移膜322还延伸覆盖至黑矩阵图案321远离该第一衬底320的一侧,且该相位移膜322在第一衬底320上的正投影与黑矩阵图案321在第一衬底320上的正投影至少部分重叠。
可选的,该黑矩阵图案321的材料可以包括铬材料。
本发明的又一实施例中,如图8和图9所示,该第一衬底320上还设置有封装层323,该封装层设置于该黑矩阵图案321和该相位移膜322远离该第一衬底320的一侧。通过增加封装层323,还能够对相位移膜322和黑矩阵图案321进行保护,防止外界杂质进入。
其中,可选的,该封装层323的材质可以包括树脂材质。
本发明的实施例提供一种采用以上所述的光固化3D打印装置进行3D打印的方法,参见图10,包括:
S1、打开光源。其中,该光源发出的光可以为波长在300-400nm范围内的紫外光。
S2、控制液晶面板中的液晶发生偏转,在液体树脂上形成待打印物体的截面图形,固化该截面图形对应位置处的液体树脂。
如可以通过对每个亚像素区内的薄膜晶体管进行导通和关断的方式对每个亚像素内的液晶分子的翻转程度进行控制,从而控制光通量,形成待打印物体的截面图形,通过对截面图形对应位置处的液体树脂进行固化,即可形成一个层。如此经过层层照射、固化,最后即可堆叠形成3D模型。
本发明实施例提供的3D打印方法具有与上述提供的3D打印装置相同的有益技术效果,在此不再赘述。
以上所述,仅为本发明的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此,本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。
Claims (10)
1.一种对置基板,其特征在于,包括:
第一衬底,以及设置于所述第一衬底上的黑矩阵图案,所述黑矩阵图案限定出多个开口区,每个所述开口区分别与一个亚像素正对;
相位移膜,所述相位移膜设置于所述第一衬底上,且位于每个所述开口区,从所述开口区的边缘到距离所述开口区的边缘预设距离的位置所限定的环形区域,所述相位移膜用于使经过其的光波发生相位反转。
2.根据权利要求1所述的对置基板,其特征在于,所述相位移膜还延伸覆盖至所述黑矩阵图案远离所述第一衬底的一侧,且所述相位移膜在第一衬底上的正投影与所述黑矩阵图案在所述第一衬底上的正投影至少部分重叠。
3.根据权利要求1所述的对置基板,其特征在于,所述预设距离为0.4-0.5微米。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的对置基板,其特征在于,
所述第一衬底上还设置有封装层,所述封装层设置于所述黑矩阵图案和所述相位移膜远离所述第一衬底的一侧。
5.根据权利要求4所述的对置基板,其特征在于,
所述封装层的材质包括树脂材质。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的对置基板,其特征在于,
所述黑矩阵图案的材料包括铬材料。
7.一种液晶面板,其特征在于,包括阵列基板和与之相对的对置基板,以及设置于所述阵列基板和对置基板之间的液晶层;其中,所述对置基板为如权利要求1-6任一项所述的对置基板。
8.根据权利要求7所述的液晶面板,其特征在于,
所述液晶面板还包括设置于所述阵列基板远离所述对置基板一侧的第一偏光片,和设置于所述对置基板远离所述阵列基板一侧的第二偏光片。
9.一种3D打印装置,其特征在于,包括光源、以及如权利要求7-8任一项所述的液晶面板,所述光源设置于所述液晶面板背离出光面的一侧;
所述液晶面板用于对所述光源所发出的光的光通量进行控制,形成待打印物体的截面图形。
10.根据权利要求9所述的3D打印装置,其特征在于,
所述光源所发出的光为波长在300-400nm范围内的紫外光。
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