JP6911687B2 - Manufacturing method of metal parts and metal parts - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a metal member that easily removes oils and fats adhering to the surface of lubricating oil, rust preventive oil, etc., and a metal member.

It is common practice to apply oils such as lubricating oil and rust preventive oil to the surface of metal members during the manufacturing process or use, but in order to perform plating, painting, welding, etc. after that, In many cases, work to remove oils and fats adhering to the surface, that is, "defatting" is required.

For degreasing the surface of metal members, chemical methods such as dissolution and removal of fats and oils with an organic solvent, treatment with caustic soda and washing with water using a saponification reaction, or mechanical removal of fats and oils by blasting. Although there are methods and the like, a physical method of spraying superheated steam on the surface of the metal member or partially heating the surface of the metal member to evaporate and remove the oil and fat on the surface of the metal member is also known.

As a method for degreasing a metal member, Patent Document 1 discloses a thermosetting resin projecting material having an average particle size of 10 μm to 10 mm, a specific gravity of 2.0 to 12.0, and a moth hardness of 3.0 or more. A method is disclosed in which the oil and fat components adhering to the surface can be efficiently removed without damaging the solid surface such as a metal plate or a resin material by the method of injecting with compressed air.

Further, Patent Document 2 discloses a method for degreasing and cleaning a metal band, which comprises heating the surface of the metal band with a flame or bringing the flame into direct contact with the surface of the metal band to gasify the oil component. There is. The air-fuel ratio of the mixed gas to be burned at that time is adjusted so that an oxidizing flame is not generated, and an oxidation scale is not generated on the surface of the metal band.

Next, as an invention of a method of controlling the shape of a metal surface by changing the viewpoint, Patent Document 3 uses a forged roll in which a fine uneven pattern is formed on the roll surface by sandblasting and hardened, and the roll surface is used. Is disclosed as a method of transferring a fine concavo-convex pattern to a metal circumferential surface by pressing and rolling the metal cylinder or a metal cylinder as a transfer body.

Further, in Patent Document 4, a method in which an uneven pattern is formed on a steel plate or a plated steel sheet used as a battery can forming material and arranged so as to be an inner surface of a peripheral wall during press working so that the uneven pattern remains even after the processing. Is disclosed.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2004-1204 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-243070 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 10-104988 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2001-167742

In the conventional method of degreasing the surface of a metal member as in Patent Document 1 or 2, there is no one paying attention to the initial surface texture of the metal member to be degreased. The invention described in Patent Document 1 defines the desired surface roughness after degreasing with a projecting material for repainting the paint, but does not mention the surface roughness before degreasing. That is, the effect of the fine shape of the surface of the metal member before degreasing on the level of 10 to 1000 μm on the degreasing property was not clear.

On the other hand, when it is desired to control and impart a fine uneven shape of 10 to 1000 μm level to the surface of a metal member, a special step for pattern formation may be required when forming a pattern by a conventional method. , It may be necessary to form a pattern on all surfaces of the material, and a fine uneven streak pattern having anisotropy as in the present invention is formed on a specific surface of the material to be processed by a simple method during processing. No way to do it was sought.

The present invention is a object to be degreased, which contributes to improving the working efficiency and completeness of a physical method of degreasing in which superheated steam is sprayed on the surface of a metal member or the surface of a metal member is partially heated to evaporate and remove fats and oils. A method for controlling a fine shape of a metal surface at a level of 10 to 1000 μm, which is a method for manufacturing a metal member capable of imparting an uneven streak pattern to a part of the surface of a work material without requiring a special process. The challenge is to provide.

In the physical method of degreasing in which superheated steam is sprayed on the surface of a metal member or the surface of the metal member is partially heated to evaporate and remove fats and oils, the present inventors perform degreasing work in which fine irregularities on the surface of the metal member are degreased. It has been found to affect the completeness of sex and degreasing.

That is, by controlling and applying an anisotropic fine uneven streak pattern on the surface of the metal member at a level of 10 to 1000 μm within a range that does not adversely affect the quality of the final product, specifically, ISO 25178- By applying a concavo-convex streak pattern having a parameter Str of 0.3 or less, preferably 0.2 or less, which represents the isotropic or anisotropy of the surface texture defined in 2, the uneven streak pattern is applied to the surface of the metal member. It has been found that the working efficiency and completeness of degreasing are improved by the physical method of degreasing in which superheated steam is sprayed in the longitudinal direction of the fine grooves of the metal member or the surface of the metal member is partially heated to evaporate and remove fats and oils.

As a specific method for controlling fine irregularities on the surface of a metal member at a level of 10 to 1000 μm and setting Str to 0.3 or less, the present inventors press a metal plate or a metal tube which is a constituent of the metal member. The present invention was made by investigating a method of imparting a fine uneven streak pattern to a required portion of the surface during processing. The summary is as follows.

(1) A method for manufacturing a metal member in which a metal plate or a metal tube to be degreased is processed by using a mold, and the mold is formed on at least a part of a surface in contact with the metal plate or the metal tube. It is characterized by including a step of forming a concavo-convex streak pattern on the surface of a metal plate or a metal tube to be degreased by having a protrusion and sliding the metal plate or the metal tube with respect to the mold. A method of manufacturing a metal member to be used.

(2) The method for manufacturing a metal member according to (1), wherein the Str on the surface of the metal member on which the uneven streak pattern is formed is 0.3 or less.

(3) The method for manufacturing a metal member according to (1) or (2), wherein the uneven streak pattern is formed at the same time as the press working of the metal plate.

(4) The method for manufacturing a metal member according to (1) or (2), wherein the uneven streak pattern is formed at the same time as the molding process of the metal tube.

(5) The above-mentioned (1) to (4), wherein the mold has a protrusion pattern having a height of 10 to 100 μm and an interval of 50 to 1000 μm on a surface sliding on the metal plate or the metal tube. A method for manufacturing any metal member.

(6) A metal member characterized in that a concavo-convex streak pattern having a Str of 0.3 or less is formed on at least a part of the surface of the planned degreasing portion.

According to the present invention, it is suitable for a physical method of spraying superheated steam on the surface of a metal member or partially heating the surface of the metal member to evaporate and remove oil and fat on the surface of the metal member without providing a special step, and is suitable for degreasing work. It is possible to produce a metal member having a fine pattern on the surface, which is suitable for improving efficiency and completeness of degreasing.

It is a figure explaining an example in which a metal plate held by a blank holder and a die is slid in drawing processing. It is a figure explaining an example in which a metal plate held by a punch and a pad is slid in a bending process. It is a figure explaining an example in which a metal plate held by an upper die and a lower die is slid in stamping molding and rest-like. It is a figure explaining an example in which a metal tube bent by rotary pull bending is slid with respect to a pressure type. It is a figure explaining an example in which a metal tube is slid with respect to a punch by tube expansion molding. It is a figure explaining the Example for confirming the effect of this invention. It is a figure explaining the mold used in the Example for confirming the effect of this invention. It is a steel sheet to which a concavo-convex streak pattern is given by the present invention.

The method for manufacturing a metal member of the present invention is characterized in that a fine protrusion is provided on a die and a concavo-convex streak pattern is imparted to a position where a metal plate or a metal tube to be processed is slid in press working. ..

The arrangement of the protrusions and the shape of the pattern to be applied are not particularly limited, but in the present invention, in order to apply the pattern when the metal plate or the metal tube is slid, a groove-shaped uneven streak pattern is applied. Suitable for

For example, consider drawing as shown in FIG. By applying pressure with the punch 12 to the metal plate 11 held by the blank holder 13 and the die 14, the metal plate 11 is processed into a concave shape.

At this time, the portion of the metal plate 11 held by the blank holder 13 and the die 14 is subjected to surface pressure in the plate thickness direction by the blank holder 13 and the die 14, and is slid when the metal plate 11 is deformed. In the present invention, the metal to be slid by providing a minute protrusion on the surface (for example, the shaded portion in FIG. 1) of the blank holder 13 and / or the die 14 where the metal plate 11 is slid. A pattern is formed on the surface of the plate 11.

The size and arrangement of the protrusions provided on the mold can be appropriately determined according to the pattern to be formed. For example, a protrusion pattern having a height of 10 to 100 μm and an interval of 50 to 1000 μm can be formed on a surface sliding with a metal plate or a metal tube.

In the case of this example, a regular uneven streak pattern is provided on the surface of the metal plate along the direction in which the metal plate is slid so that, for example, the aspect ratio (Str) of the surface texture is 0.3 or less. be able to. Str is a parameter indicating the isotropic and anisotropy of the surface texture defined by ISO 25178-2. When it is close to 0, there are streaks, etc., and when it is close to 1, the surface does not depend on the direction. show.

According to this method, when the metal plate 11 is drawn by press working, it is possible to impart a regular pattern to the surface of the metal plate 11 which is slid at the same time, so that no special step is required. .. It is also possible to impart a part of the pattern of the metal plate 11 by setting the position where the protrusion is provided on the mold to a specific position.

Further, when giving an uneven streak pattern to the portion held by the blank holder 13 and the die 14, the blank holder surface can be managed as a constant gap by using a distance block (not shown), so that an arbitrary groove can be used. An uneven streak pattern of depth can be imparted. In addition, it is possible to control the surface pressure to an arbitrary level by controlling the cushion pressure.

When the metal plate 21 is held by the punch 22 and the pad 23 as in the bending process of FIG. 2, a protrusion is provided on the punch 22 and / or the pad 23 and slid to give an uneven streak pattern. can. As with the blank holder, the pad can also be managed with a constant gap by using a distance block (not shown).

When the metal plate 31 is held by the upper die 32 and the lower die 33 as in the stamping molding and the restlike shown in FIG. 3, the upper die 32 and / or the lower die 33 is provided with a protrusion to form an upper die. An uneven streak pattern can be formed at a position where the metal plate 31 sandwiched between the mold 32 and the lower mold 33 is slid. Also in this case, an arbitrary unevenness depth can be imparted by using a distance block (not shown).

The method for manufacturing a metal member of the present invention can also be applied to molding a metal tube.

For example, in the case of rotary pull bending of a metal tube, by imparting a protrusion to the pressure mold, it is possible to impart an uneven streak pattern to the surface of the metal pipe sliding with the pressure mold.

As shown in FIG. 4, in the rotary pull bending of the metal tube, the metal tube is gripped by the bending die 42 and the gripping die 43 provided on the outer peripheral surface of the metal tube 41, and the metal tube is bent in the bending die direction by the pressure die 44. The bending die and the gripping die are rotationally driven while being pressed, and the metal tube is bent while being extended. At this time, since the metal pipe 41 slides with respect to the pressure type 44, it is possible to impart an uneven streak pattern to the surface of the metal pipe by providing protrusions on the surface of the pressure type 44 in contact with the metal pipe 41. can.

Since the mold position can be managed with a fixed gap, it is possible to impart an uneven streak pattern having an arbitrary groove depth. Further, the pressurization by a normal pressure type is about 1 to 10 MPa, which is suitable for the present invention.

The method for manufacturing a metal member of the present invention can also be applied to the case of tube expansion molding shown in FIG. In this case, by providing the punch 52 with a protrusion, the uneven streak pattern can be imparted to the position where the metal pipe 51 is slid.

The metal plate or metal tube that is the work material of the metal member produced by the present invention is not particularly limited. For example, a high-strength steel plate having a tensile strength of 980 MPa or more can be used.

Hereinafter, a simple example for confirming the effect of the present invention will be described. The present invention is not limited to this example. As is clear from the above description, various conditions can be adopted as long as the object of the present invention can be achieved.

As shown in FIG. 6, tool steel dies 62a and 62b were pressed against the blank 61 and slid by being pulled out by the chuck 63. For the blank 61, a high-strength steel plate having a plate thickness of 1.0 mm and a tensile strength of 980 MPa class and a dull finish was used. As shown in FIG. 7, a protrusion is provided on the surface of the mold 62a that slides on the blank 61. The protrusions had a height of 0.10 mm and a diameter of 0.10 mm, and the distance between the protrusions was 0.80 mm in an equilateral triangle arrangement.

The mold 62a was pressed against the blank 61 with a surface pressure of 2.9 MPa, and a length of 300 mm was pulled out at 100 mm / min. As a result, as shown in FIG. 8, it was confirmed that an uneven streak pattern having concave grooves at intervals of 0.35 mm was formed on the surface of the blank 61. FIG. 8A is an appearance of the blank 61 on which the uneven streak pattern is formed, and FIG. 8B is an enlarged view of the uneven streak pattern.

When the Str was obtained from the surface with the uneven streak pattern thus obtained according to ISO 25178-2, it was 0.17.

[Example 1]
A blank with a surface condition having this uneven streak pattern was placed horizontally, and paraffin-based mineral oil having a boiling point of 300 to 400 ° C. was applied at 3 to 6 ^{mg / m 2.} From a nozzle with an inner diameter of 30 mm at an incident angle of 30 to 45 ° when viewed from the horizontal direction, parallel to the longitudinal direction of the groove of the uneven streak pattern when viewed from above, on the surface of the blank coated with the mineral oil with the uneven streak pattern. Superheated steam at 380 to 400 ° C. was sprayed.

The injection pressure of superheated steam was 100 kPa, and the shortest distance from the tip of the nozzle to the surface with the uneven streak pattern of the blank was 50 to 70 mm. The spraying time was 1 to 2 seconds. The mineral oil applied to the surface was preferentially blown off in the longitudinal direction of the groove of the uneven streak pattern on the surface, and the oil content completely disappeared in the central part of the portion exposed to the superheated steam, and degreasing was completed. The determination of whether or not the material was degreased was made by visually determining whether or not the blank surface was sprinkled with water after cooling to room temperature.

As a comparative example, using the same blank plate as received before sliding by the mold 62a, a test of applying mineral oil and spraying superheated steam under the same conditions as in the above embodiment was performed, and the degreasing condition was confirmed. , The central part of the part exposed to superheated steam was observed to repel water slightly, and degreasing was not completely completed.

[Example 2]
Next, the same blank as in Example 1 was placed horizontally, and 3 to 6 mg / m ² of paraffinic mineral oil having a boiling point of 300 to 400 ° C. was applied. A SUS304 stainless steel plate with a thickness of 2.0 mm and a surface finish of 2B is placed on the blank coated with this mineral oil, and the flame of the burner is a stainless steel plate with a commercially available household cassette gas cylinder torch burner. It was heated so as to hit one place.

The tip of the thermocouple is attached to the heating place by resistance welding in advance, and when the temperature of the thermocouple reaches 450 ° C, the heating is stopped, the stainless plate is removed, and the blank directly under the heated part of the stainless plate is used. The degreasing status was confirmed. The mineral oil applied to the surface was preferentially blown off in the longitudinal direction of the groove of the uneven streak pattern on the surface, and the oil content was completely eliminated in the central portion directly below the stainless steel sheet heating portion, and degreasing was completed. The determination of whether or not the material was degreased was made by visually determining whether or not the blank surface was sprinkled with water after cooling to room temperature.

As a comparative example, using the same blank plate as received before sliding by the mold 62a, a test of applying mineral oil and spraying superheated steam under the same conditions as in the above embodiment was performed, and the degreasing condition was confirmed. , The central part of the part exposed to superheated steam was observed to repel water slightly, and degreasing was not completely completed.

From the results of Examples 1 and 2, superheated steam of 380 to 400 ° C. is sprayed in the longitudinal direction of the groove of the surface streak pattern on which the anisotropic uneven streak pattern is formed, or the surface streak pattern. Even if the stainless steel plate is spot-heated on a certain part, the oil and fat adhering to the part directly below the part where the superheated steam is sprayed or the stainless steel plate is spot-heated on the part is completely removed in a short time. It was found that the degreasing was completed efficiently.

The details of the mechanism by which the surface shape of the metal material of the present invention is suitable for degreasing are unknown, but due to superheated steam or partial heating of the metal material, the fats and oils adhering to the surface evaporate near or above the boiling point. When vaporizing, the airflow of superheated steam or the airflow generated by the pressure of the vaporized oil itself flows along the direction of the groove of the uneven surface with anisotropy, so that the metal is directional and efficient. This is thought to be because it can be separated from the surface of the material.

Then, not only the high-tensile steel plate having a tensile strength of 980 MPa class used in Examples 1 and 2 but also a general-purpose metal plate can be subjected to the same uneven streak pattern surface condition as in Examples to provide lubricating oil and rust prevention. It is considered that a metal plate that can be easily removed by spraying superheated steam or partially heating the surface of the metal member to the oil or fat adhering to the surface of the oil or the like can be obtained.

11 Metal plate 12 Punch 13 Blank holder 14 Die 21 Metal plate 22 Punch 23 Pad 24 Die 31 Metal plate 32 Upper type 33 Lower type 41 Metal pipe 42 Bending type 43 Grip type 44 Pressure type 51 Metal pipe 52 Punch 61 Blank 62a, 62b Mold 63 chuck

Claims (4)

It is a method of manufacturing a metal plate that processes the planned degreasing part of the metal plate using a mold.
The mold has protrusions on at least a part of the surface in contact with the metal plate.
Look including the step of uneven muscle pattern is formed on the surface of the degreasing scheduled portion of the metal plate by the metal plate slides with respect to the die,
A method for manufacturing a metal plate , characterized in that the Str of the surface of the metal member on which the uneven streak pattern is formed is 0.3 or less. The method for manufacturing a metal plate according to claim 1, wherein the uneven streak pattern is formed at the same time as the press working of the metal plate. Said mold, the surface of the metal plate and the sliding, the height 10 to 100 [mu] m, method for producing a metal plate according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it has a protrusion pattern of interval 50 to 1000 [mu] m. A metal plate characterized in that a concavo-convex streak pattern having a Str of 0.3 or less is formed on at least a part of the surface of the planned degreasing portion.

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