CN105880920A - Cold drawing precision honing tube manufacture method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a cold drawing precision honing tube manufacture method comprising the following steps: heating, heating a tube blank in an annular furnace; perforation, using a perforator to perforate the hot tube blank; annealing, annealing the tube blank; spraying borax, descaling; hot rolling, guiding the annealing tube into a tube grimper for hot rolling; detaching tube, detaching the rolled tube from a core rod; stress relieving, guiding the rolled tube into the heating furnace so as to obtain an annealing tube blank; pickling processing, removing surface rust scale; phosphatization processing, forming a zinc phosphate chemical generation overlay film on the surface; saponification processing, forming a metallic soap lubrication overlay film; primary cold drawing, cold drawing a to-be-cold drawn tube blank; secondary cold drawing, secondarily cold drawing the cold drawing tube after the primary cold drawing, thus obtaining a cold drawn tube; heat treatment, reducing residual stress; honing, using a numerical control honing machine; hot straightening processing; obtaining the cold drawing precision honing tube. The cold drawing precision honing tube obtained by the method is good in integration performance, precise in sizes, and excellent in oil storage performance.

Description

A kind of manufacture method of cold drawing accurate honing tube

Technical field

The invention belongs to steel pipe preparing technical field, be specifically related to the manufacture method of a kind of cold drawing accurate honing tube.

Background technology

As the cold process of the steel for mechanical structure pipes such as carbon steel, alloy steel or stainless steel, known to have by Drawing processing method that drawbench is carried out and the rolling processing method carried out by Pierre's form milling train.Wherein, by drawing The drawing processing method that machine is carried out, compared with the rolling processing method carried out by Pierre's form bundle machine, can be with high efficiency Ground manufactures cold working steel pipe, and this seamless steel pipe uses for oil hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder, at present, and domestic current Hi-grade steel its yield strength, dimensional discrepancy etc. of prescribed by standard all cannot meet actual oil hydraulic cylinder, air pressure The use requirement of cylinder so that the oil hydraulic cylinder of China, pneumatic cylinder seamless steel pipe can only dependence on import, constrain The development of China's cold tube rolling.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, it is provided that a kind of cold drawing accurate honing tube Manufacture method, the honing tube that the method obtains, yield strength height, precision size, smooth surface, its store oil Excellent performance, makes operating more smoothly, without stall condition, expanded service life, it is adaptable to oil hydraulic cylinder, air pressure The various laborsaving automated machine engineerings such as cylinder, fork truck, crane, stacker, building machinery, punch press.

The technical scheme provided according to the present invention, the manufacture method of a kind of cold drawing accurate honing tube includes walking as follows Rapid:

(1), heating: 27SiMn pipe is heated in annular furnace 1200～1290 DEG C, and heat time heating time is 4～5 hours, thus ensure that heating of pipe blank is uniform；

(2), perforation: heat pipe base perforated machine is bored a hole, the temperature of hollow billet formed after perforation control 1150～ 1230 DEG C, and mesh control punch eccentricity and control pipe surface quality；

(3), annealing: pipe is introduced in continuous annealing furnace and anneals, and mesh control annealing temperature is 600～720 DEG C, annealing time is 70～90min, obtains the annealing pipe that annealing hardness (HV) is 210～219 Base；

(4), spray Borax: spray Borax device blows to hollow billet endoporus nitrogen and Borax through spiral nozzle and removes oxidation Skin also fills nitrogen in hollow billet, and its main function is to be removed by the residual oxidization skin in hollow billet, exists simultaneously The inner surface of hollow billet forms a tunic, prevents hollow billet from further aoxidizing；

(5), hot rolling: annealing pipe is introduced pipe mill hot rolling, and hot-rolled temperature is 1260～1270 DEG C, obtains Rolled pipe；

(6), de-pipe: rolled pipe is disengaged with plug, to subsequent processing, it is ensured that rolled pipe in de-plumber's sequence Reducing rate is between 0～2%；

(7), stress relief annealing: rolled pipe is introduced in heating furnace and heats and be incubated, come out of the stove after furnace cooling, Obtain pipe of annealing, it is therefore intended that guarantee the intensity of steel pipe, when annealing temperature is too high, process strain recovery, Can not obtain the effect of processing hardening, annealing temperature is 550～650 DEG C, can obtain the effect of processing hardening, In order to remove the strength variance of cold tube rolling, in the stove of cold tube rolling, the retention time is 10～40 minutes；

(8), pickling processes: annealing pipe is carried out pickling, removes the scale on surface, concentration of hydrochloric acid: 7～ 19%, pickling time: 35～60 minutes, then neutralization pond rolling, roll number of times: 2～3 times, neutralizer PH Value: 9～10, then roll through clear water reserviors, roll number of times: 2～3 times；

(9), bonderizing: the chemistry forming zinc phosphate on the surface of pipe generates overlay film, zinc phosphate concentration: 20～30%, Phosphating Solution temperature: 68～75 DEG C, phosphating time: 10～20 minutes, Phosphating Solution free acidity: 4～7, General Acidity in Phosphating Solution: 45～75；

(10), saponification processes: form the lubricating film coated such as metallic soap on overlay film, saponification temperature: 55～75 DEG C, Saponification time: 8～15 minutes, saponification liquor pH value: 8～9；

(11) a, cold-drawn: will treat that cold-drawn pipe carries out cold-drawn processing, cold-drawing technology, mould chock plug is interior with pipe Footpath spacing: 3～5mm, drawing machine draft: 350～450t, saponification pipe pulls out the front storage period: 72～96h；

(12), secondary cold-drawn: the drawn tube through a cold-drawn carries out secondary cold-drawn processing, cold-drawing technology, mould Tool chock plug and bore spacing: 2～4mm, drawing machine draft: 400～500t, through a cold-drawn Drawn tube pulls out the front storage period: 12～24h；

(13), heat treatment: using the Technology for Heating Processing that is tempered again after quenching, hardening heat is 800～850 DEG C, Hardening media is water, and temperature, at 550～580 DEG C, reduces the residual stress of drawn tube；

(14), honing: select numerical control honing machine, workpiece turn round, the form processing that honing head is reciprocating, Reach cylindricity: 0.01～0.02mm, Aperture deviation: 0.01～0.02mm, roughness: Ra0.25～0.35 High standard precision；

(15), thermal straightening processes: is incubated 45～60 minutes in low-temp temper furnace, then carries out thermal straightening process, Thermal straightening temperature 550～650 DEG C, obtain yield strength (MPa): 898, tensile strength (MPa): 912, firmly Degree (HV): 250, wall thickness tolerance: 8%, external diameter out-of-roundness: 0.3%, eccentricity: 6%, linearity: The cold drawing accurate honing tube of 0.30mm/m.

Beneficial effects of the present invention is as follows: utilize the cold drawing accurate honing tube that the inventive method is produced, comprehensively Performance is good, and low-temperature impact toughness is good, has higher rotational deformation drag and wearability, and its yield strength reaches To 898MPa, by using cold-drawn, heat treatment and straightening process, make the machine of described accurate honing tube body Tool performance, rotational deformation drag, low-temperature impact work and anti-wear performance are up to standard, by controlling the dimensioning of body Very little, residual stress, form variations and chemical analysis, it is possible to ensure the mechanical performance of body, high wear-resisting Property, low temperature resistant and high rotational deformation drag, precision size, smooth surface, its store oil excellent performance, make fortune Turn more smoothly, without stall condition, expanded service life, it is adaptable to oil hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder, fork truck, The various laborsaving automated machine engineerings such as heavy-duty machine, stacker, building machinery, punch press.

Detailed description of the invention:

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.

Embodiment one:

As a example by preparing a diameter of 145.3mm and the hole wall wall thickness 27SiMn steel pipe as 8.23mm, including Following steps:

(1), heat: 27SiMn pipe is heated in annular furnace 1200 DEG C, and heat time heating time is 4 hours, Thus ensure that heating of pipe blank is uniform；

(2), perforation: heat pipe base perforated machine is bored a hole, and the temperature of the hollow billet formed after perforation controls 1150 DEG C, and mesh control punch eccentricity is 4%, pipe carries out range estimation inspection, uses the hair removing pipe surface Sting, stick up skin, if there is or exists the obvious i.e. pit that naked eyes are obvious, runs over and injure and crackle in pipe surface, Then should reject, it is to avoid flow into subsequent processing, to control pipe surface quality；

(3), annealing: pipe is introduced in continuous annealing furnace and anneals, and mesh control annealing temperature is 600 DEG C, annealing time is 70min, obtains the annealing pipe that annealing hardness (HV) is 210；

(4), spray Borax: spray Borax device blows to hollow billet endoporus nitrogen and Borax through spiral nozzle and removes oxidation Skin also fills nitrogen in hollow billet, and its main function is to be removed by the residual oxidization skin in hollow billet, exists simultaneously The inner surface of hollow billet forms a tunic, prevents hollow billet from further aoxidizing；

(5), hot rolling: annealing pipe is introduced pipe mill hot rolling, and hot-rolled temperature is 1260 DEG C, obtains rolled pipe；

(6), de-pipe: rolled pipe is disengaged with plug, to subsequent processing, it is ensured that rolled pipe in de-plumber's sequence Reducing rate is 0；

(7), stress relief annealing: rolled pipe is introduced in heating furnace and heats and be incubated, come out of the stove after furnace cooling, Obtain pipe of annealing, it is therefore intended that guarantee the intensity of steel pipe, when annealing temperature is too high, process strain recovery, Can not obtain the effect of processing hardening, annealing temperature is 550 DEG C, can obtain the effect of processing hardening, in order to Removing the strength variance of cold tube rolling, in the stove of cold tube rolling, the retention time is 10 minutes；

(8), pickling processes: annealing pipe is carried out pickling, removes the scale on surface, concentration of hydrochloric acid: 7%, Pickling time: 35 minutes, then neutralization pond rolling, roll number of times: 2 times, neutralizer pH value: 9, then warp Clear water reserviors roll, and roll number of times: 2 times；

(9), bonderizing: the chemistry forming zinc phosphate on the surface of pipe generates overlay film, zinc phosphate concentration: 20%, Phosphating Solution temperature: 68 DEG C, phosphating time: 10 minutes, Phosphating Solution free acidity: 4, Phosphating Solution is total Acidity: 45；

(10), saponification processes: form the lubricating film coateds such as metallic soap, saponification temperature: 55 DEG C, soap on overlay film The change time: 8 minutes, saponification liquor pH value: 8；

(11) a, cold-drawn: will treat that cold-drawn pipe carries out cold-drawn processing, cold-drawing technology, mould chock plug is interior with pipe Footpath spacing: 3mm, drawing machine draft: 350t, saponification pipe pulls out front storage period: 72h；

(12), secondary cold-drawn: the drawn tube through a cold-drawn carries out secondary cold-drawn processing, cold-drawing technology, mould Tool chock plug and bore spacing: 2mm, drawing machine draft: 400, the drawn tube through a cold-drawn pulls out Front storage period: 12h；

(13), heat treatment: the Technology for Heating Processing being tempered again after using quenching, hardening heat is 800 DEG C, quenching Medium is water, and temperature, at 550 DEG C, reduces the residual stress of drawn tube；

(14), honing: select numerical control honing machine, workpiece turn round, the form processing that honing head is reciprocating, Reach cylindricity: 0.01mm, Aperture deviation: 0.01mm, roughness: the high standard precision of Ra0.25；

(15), thermal straightening processes: is incubated 45 minutes in low-temp temper furnace, then carries out thermal straightening process, heat Straightening temperature 600 DEG C, obtains yield strength (MPa): 898, tensile strength (MPa): 912, hardness (HV): 250, wall thickness tolerance: 8%, external diameter out-of-roundness: 0.3%, eccentricity: 6%, linearity: 0.30mm/m Cold drawing accurate honing tube.

After testing, institute's inspection project meets GB/T3639-2009 standard to the product that the present embodiment obtains, and product closes Lattice, meet user to yield strength, tensile strength, the requirement of hardness.

A kind of cold drawing accurate honing tube and the contrast in technical performance of conventional steel pipe

Embodiment two:

As a example by preparing a diameter of 136.9mm and the hole wall wall thickness 27SiMn steel pipe as 8.29mm, including Following steps:

(1), heat: 27SiMn pipe is heated in annular furnace 1290 DEG C, and heat time heating time is 5 hours, Thus ensure that heating of pipe blank is uniform；

(2), perforation: heat pipe base perforated machine is bored a hole, and the temperature of the hollow billet formed after perforation controls 1230 DEG C, and mesh control punch eccentricity is 4%, pipe carries out range estimation inspection, uses the hair removing pipe surface Sting, stick up skin, if there is or exists the obvious i.e. pit that naked eyes are obvious, runs over and injure and crackle in pipe surface, Then should reject, it is to avoid flow into subsequent processing, to control pipe surface quality；

(3), annealing: pipe is introduced in continuous annealing furnace and anneals, and mesh control annealing temperature is 720 DEG C, annealing time is 90min, obtains the annealing pipe that annealing hardness (HV) is 219；

(4), spray Borax: spray Borax device blows to hollow billet endoporus nitrogen and Borax through spiral nozzle and removes oxidation Skin also fills nitrogen in hollow billet, and its main function is to be removed by the residual oxidization skin in hollow billet, exists simultaneously The inner surface of hollow billet forms a tunic, prevents hollow billet from further aoxidizing；

(5), hot rolling: annealing pipe is introduced pipe mill hot rolling, and hot-rolled temperature is 1270 DEG C, obtains rolled pipe；

(6), de-pipe: rolled pipe is disengaged with plug, to subsequent processing, it is ensured that rolled pipe in de-plumber's sequence Reducing rate is 2%；

(7), stress relief annealing: rolled pipe is introduced in heating furnace and heats and be incubated, come out of the stove after furnace cooling, Obtain pipe of annealing, it is therefore intended that guarantee the intensity of steel pipe, when annealing temperature is too high, process strain recovery, Can not obtain the effect of processing hardening, annealing temperature is 650 DEG C, can obtain the effect of processing hardening, in order to Removing the strength variance of cold tube rolling, in the stove of cold tube rolling, the retention time is 40 minutes；

(8), pickling processes: annealing pipe is carried out pickling, removes the scale on surface, concentration of hydrochloric acid: 19%, Pickling time: 60 minutes, then neutralization pond rolling, roll number of times: 3 times, neutralizer pH value: 10, then warp Clear water reserviors roll, and roll number of times: 3 times；

(9), bonderizing: the chemistry forming zinc phosphate on the surface of pipe generates overlay film, zinc phosphate concentration: 30%, Phosphating Solution temperature: 75 DEG C, phosphating time: 20 minutes, Phosphating Solution free acidity: 7, Phosphating Solution is total Acidity: 75；

(10), saponification processes: form the lubricating film coateds such as metallic soap, saponification temperature: 75 DEG C, soap on overlay film The change time: 15 minutes, saponification liquor pH value: 9；

(11) a, cold-drawn: will treat that cold-drawn pipe carries out cold-drawn processing, cold-drawing technology, mould chock plug is interior with pipe Footpath spacing: 5mm, drawing machine draft: 450t, saponification pipe pulls out front storage period: 96h；

(12), secondary cold-drawn: the drawn tube through a cold-drawn carries out secondary cold-drawn processing, cold-drawing technology, mould Tool chock plug and bore spacing: 4mm, drawing machine draft: 500t, the drawn tube through a cold-drawn pulls out Front storage period: 24h；

(13), heat treatment: the Technology for Heating Processing being tempered again after using quenching, hardening heat is 850 DEG C, quenching Medium is water, and temperature, at 580 DEG C, reduces the residual stress of drawn tube；

(14), honing: select numerical control honing machine, workpiece turn round, the form processing that honing head is reciprocating, Reach cylindricity: 0.02mm, Aperture deviation: 0.02mm, roughness: the high standard precision of Ra0.35；

(15), thermal straightening processes: is incubated 60 minutes in low-temp temper furnace, then carries out thermal straightening process, heat Straightening temperature 650 DEG C, obtains yield strength (MPa): 897, tensile strength (MPa): 922, hardness (HV): 250, wall thickness tolerance: 8%, external diameter out-of-roundness: 0.3%, eccentricity: 6%, linearity: 0.30mm/m Cold drawing accurate honing tube.

Embodiment three:

As a example by preparing a diameter of 147.4mm and the hole wall wall thickness 27SiMn steel pipe as 8.02mm, including Following steps:

(1), heating: 27SiMn pipe is heated in annular furnace 1250 DEG C, and heat time heating time is 4.5 little Time, thus ensure that heating of pipe blank is uniform；

(2), perforation: heat pipe base perforated machine is bored a hole, and the temperature of the hollow billet formed after perforation controls 1200 DEG C, and mesh control punch eccentricity is 4%, pipe carries out range estimation inspection, uses the hair removing pipe surface Sting, stick up skin, if there is or exists the obvious i.e. pit that naked eyes are obvious, runs over and injure and crackle in pipe surface, Then should reject, it is to avoid flow into subsequent processing, to control pipe surface quality；

(3), annealing: pipe is introduced in continuous annealing furnace and anneals, and mesh control annealing temperature is 650 DEG C, annealing time is 70min, obtains the annealing pipe that annealing hardness (HV) is 215；

(4), spray Borax: spray Borax device blows to hollow billet endoporus nitrogen and Borax through spiral nozzle and removes oxidation Skin also fills nitrogen in hollow billet, and its main function is to be removed by the residual oxidization skin in hollow billet, exists simultaneously The inner surface of hollow billet forms a tunic, prevents hollow billet from further aoxidizing；

(5), hot rolling: annealing pipe is introduced pipe mill hot rolling, and hot-rolled temperature is 1265 DEG C, obtains rolled pipe；

(6), de-pipe: rolled pipe is disengaged with plug, to subsequent processing, it is ensured that rolled pipe in de-plumber's sequence Reducing rate is 1%；

(7), stress relief annealing: rolled pipe is introduced in heating furnace and heats and be incubated, come out of the stove after furnace cooling, Obtain pipe of annealing, it is therefore intended that guarantee the intensity of steel pipe, when annealing temperature is too high, process strain recovery, Can not obtain the effect of processing hardening, annealing temperature is 600 DEG C, can obtain the effect of processing hardening, in order to Removing the strength variance of cold tube rolling, in the stove of cold tube rolling, the retention time is 30 minutes；

(8), pickling processes: annealing pipe is carried out pickling, removes the scale on surface, concentration of hydrochloric acid: 13%, Pickling time: 45 minutes, then neutralization pond rolling, roll number of times: 2.5 times, neutralizer pH value: 9.5, Rolling through clear water reserviors, roll number of times: 2.5 times again；

(9), bonderizing: the chemistry forming zinc phosphate on the surface of pipe generates overlay film, zinc phosphate concentration: 25%, Phosphating Solution temperature: 70 DEG C, phosphating time: 15 minutes, Phosphating Solution free acidity: 6, Phosphating Solution is total Acidity: 55；

(10), saponification processes: form the lubricating film coateds such as metallic soap, saponification temperature: 65 DEG C, soap on overlay film The change time: 10 minutes, saponification liquor pH value: 8.5；

(11) a, cold-drawn: will treat that cold-drawn pipe carries out cold-drawn processing, cold-drawing technology, mould chock plug is interior with pipe Footpath spacing: 4mm, drawing machine draft: 400t, saponification pipe pulls out front storage period: 84h；

(12), secondary cold-drawn: the drawn tube through a cold-drawn carries out secondary cold-drawn processing, cold-drawing technology, mould Tool chock plug and bore spacing: 3mm, drawing machine draft: 450t, the drawn tube through a cold-drawn pulls out Front storage period: 18h；

(13), heat treatment: the Technology for Heating Processing being tempered again after using quenching, hardening heat is 820 DEG C, quenching Medium is water, and temperature, at 570 DEG C, reduces the residual stress of drawn tube；

(14), honing: select numerical control honing machine, workpiece turn round, the form processing that honing head is reciprocating, Reach cylindricity: 0.015mm, Aperture deviation: 0.015mm, roughness: the high standard precision of Ra0.28；

(15), thermal straightening processes: is incubated 55 minutes in low-temp temper furnace, then carries out thermal straightening process, heat Straightening temperature 610 DEG C, obtains yield strength (MPa): 878, tensile strength (MPa): 917, hardness (HV): 250, wall thickness tolerance: 8%, external diameter out-of-roundness: 0.3%, eccentricity: 6%, linearity: 0.30mm/m Cold drawing accurate honing tube.

Claims (1)

1. the manufacture method of a cold drawing accurate honing tube comprises the steps:

(1), heating: 27SiMn pipe is heated in annular furnace 1200～1290 DEG C, and heat time heating time is 4～5 hours, thus ensure that heating of pipe blank is uniform；

(2), perforation: heat pipe base perforated machine is bored a hole, the temperature of hollow billet formed after perforation control 1150～ 1230 DEG C, and mesh control punch eccentricity and control pipe surface quality；

(3), annealing: pipe is introduced in continuous annealing furnace and anneals, and mesh control annealing temperature is 600～720 DEG C, annealing time is 70～90min, obtains the annealing pipe that annealing hardness (HV) is 210～219 Base；

(4), spray Borax: spray Borax device blows to hollow billet endoporus nitrogen and Borax through spiral nozzle and removes oxidation Skin also fills nitrogen in hollow billet, and its main function is to be removed by the residual oxidization skin in hollow billet, exists simultaneously The inner surface of hollow billet forms a tunic, prevents hollow billet from further aoxidizing；

(5), hot rolling: annealing pipe is introduced pipe mill hot rolling, and hot-rolled temperature is 1260～1270 DEG C, obtains Rolled pipe；

(6), de-pipe: rolled pipe is disengaged with plug, to subsequent processing, it is ensured that rolled pipe in de-plumber's sequence Reducing rate is between 0～2%；

(7), stress relief annealing: rolled pipe is introduced in heating furnace and heats and be incubated, come out of the stove after furnace cooling, Obtain pipe of annealing, it is therefore intended that guarantee the intensity of steel pipe, when annealing temperature is too high, process strain recovery, Can not obtain the effect of processing hardening, annealing temperature is 550～650 DEG C, can obtain the effect of processing hardening, In order to remove the strength variance of cold tube rolling, in the stove of cold tube rolling, the retention time is 10～40 minutes；

(8), pickling processes: annealing pipe is carried out pickling, removes the scale on surface, concentration of hydrochloric acid: 7～ 19%, pickling time: 35～60 minutes, then neutralization pond rolling, roll number of times: 2～3 times, neutralizer PH Value: 9～10, then roll through clear water reserviors, roll number of times: 2～3 times；

(9), bonderizing: the chemistry forming zinc phosphate on the surface of pipe generates overlay film, zinc phosphate concentration: 20～30%, Phosphating Solution temperature: 68～75 DEG C, phosphating time: 10～20 minutes, Phosphating Solution free acidity: 4～7, General Acidity in Phosphating Solution: 45～75；

(10), saponification processes: form the lubricating film coated such as metallic soap on overlay film, saponification temperature: 55～75 DEG C, Saponification time: 8～15 minutes, saponification liquor pH value: 8～9；

(11) a, cold-drawn: will treat that cold-drawn pipe carries out cold-drawn processing, cold-drawing technology, mould chock plug is interior with pipe Footpath spacing: 3～5mm, drawing machine draft: 350～450t, saponification pipe pulls out the front storage period: 72～96h；

(12), secondary cold-drawn: the drawn tube through a cold-drawn carries out secondary cold-drawn processing, cold-drawing technology, mould Tool chock plug and bore spacing: 2～4mm, drawing machine draft: 400～500t, through a cold-drawn Drawn tube pulls out the front storage period: 12～24h；

(13), heat treatment: using the Technology for Heating Processing that is tempered again after quenching, hardening heat is 800～850 DEG C, Hardening media is water, and temperature, at 550～580 DEG C, reduces the residual stress of drawn tube；

(14), honing: select numerical control honing machine, workpiece turn round, the form processing that honing head is reciprocating, Reach cylindricity: 0.01～0.02mm, Aperture deviation: 0.01～0.02mm, roughness: Ra0.25～0.35 High standard precision；

(15), thermal straightening processes: is incubated 45～60 minutes in low-temp temper furnace, then carries out thermal straightening process, Thermal straightening temperature 550～650 DEG C, obtain yield strength (MPa): 898, tensile strength (MPa): 912, firmly Degree (HV): 250, wall thickness tolerance: 8%, external diameter out-of-roundness: 0.3%, eccentricity: 6%, linearity: The cold drawing accurate honing tube of 0.30mm/m.