JP6894487B2 - 脱カルボキシル化を使用したジオール類および他の化学物質を得る装置および方法 - Google Patents
脱カルボキシル化を使用したジオール類および他の化学物質を得る装置および方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6894487B2 JP6894487B2 JP2019204799A JP2019204799A JP6894487B2 JP 6894487 B2 JP6894487 B2 JP 6894487B2 JP 2019204799 A JP2019204799 A JP 2019204799A JP 2019204799 A JP2019204799 A JP 2019204799A JP 6894487 B2 JP6894487 B2 JP 6894487B2
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- carboxylic acid
- alkali metal
- production method
- solution
- anolyte
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 58
- 238000006114 decarboxylation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 42
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 title description 35
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title description 11
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 62
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- -1 alkali metal salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- ROWKJAVDOGWPAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetoin Chemical group CC(O)C(C)=O ROWKJAVDOGWPAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 7
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaldehyde Chemical group CC=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GFAZHVHNLUBROE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxymethyl propionaldehyde Natural products CCC(=O)CO GFAZHVHNLUBROE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003495 polar organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- CYDQOEWLBCCFJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4-fluorophenyl)oxane-4-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C=1C=C(F)C=CC=1C1(C(=O)O)CCOCC1 CYDQOEWLBCCFJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001540 sodium lactate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011088 sodium lactate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940005581 sodium lactate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005935 nucleophilic addition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000911 decarboxylating effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 79
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 38
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 36
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 36
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 33
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 29
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 28
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 26
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 20
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 19
- LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)O LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 17
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 15
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 13
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 13
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- OWBTYPJTUOEWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-2,3-diol Chemical compound CC(O)C(C)O OWBTYPJTUOEWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 11
- NGSFWBMYFKHRBD-DKWTVANSSA-M sodium;(2s)-2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical class [Na+].C[C@H](O)C([O-])=O NGSFWBMYFKHRBD-DKWTVANSSA-M 0.000 description 11
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 10
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 229940116333 ethyl lactate Drugs 0.000 description 9
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 8
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 7
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 6
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- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
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- 238000006612 Kolbe reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 5
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 159000000011 group IA salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000013373 food additive Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000002778 food additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- AVXDKPABPXSLIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;3-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound [Na+].OCCC([O-])=O AVXDKPABPXSLIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 4
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000006576 Kolbe electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000004676 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003784 tall oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- WGHUNMFFLAMBJD-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylazanium;perchlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC WGHUNMFFLAMBJD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylammonium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003628 tricarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
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- C25B13/00—Diaphragms; Spacing elements
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- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
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Description
RCO2H+MOH→RCO2M+H2O
“R”は有機部分を表し、Mは例えばナトリウム、リチウム等のアルカリ金属である。
2RCO2M→R−R+CO2+2e−+2M+
“R”は有機部分を表し、Mは例えばナトリウム、リチウム等のアルカリ金属である。
2RCO2M→2RCOH+2CO2+2e−+2M+
RCO2Na→R・+CO2+Na++e−
ラジカル(R−)が形成されると、電極界面において他の化学種と反応し、もし、同じカルボン酸塩アニオンの他のラジカルと反応すれば、ホモカップリング生成物となる。
R・+R・→R−R
結合生成物は、少なくとも2つの酸素を含む官能基を有する対称化合物である。この生成物は、それ自身、例えば溶媒などとして興味のある化学物質であり、また、興味のある化学物質に変換することも出来る。例えば、官能基は二重結合に変換され、ジエンはゴム材料の製造のためのモノマーとして使用できる。もし、ラジカルが異なるカルボン酸塩アニオンと結合した場合、ヘテロカップリング生成物が形成され、非対称化合物が得られる。
RCH2C(Y)H・ → RCH2CH=Y + H・
RCH2C(Y)H・ → RCH2RYH+ + e−
RCH2RYH+ + OH− → RCH=RHY + H2O
これらの反応で、Yはカルボキシル基のα位における電子供与基を示す。これらの反応で形成される化合物は、それら自身に興味が持たれるだけでなく、更なる工程に伴う興味深い化合物に変換できる。その反応経路は限定されないが、上述の反応生成物は、例えばジオールに変換され、次いでジエンに変換される。これらの更なる化学工程を以下に示すが、これには限定されない。
本発明の電気化学的脱カルボキシル化プロセスが使用して、水酸基を有するカルボン酸のナトリウム塩をジオールに変換した。製造されたジオールは溶媒として使用することも出来、また、更にジエンに変換することも出来る。この脱カルボキシル化のための陽極液はメタノール中ナトリウム3−ヒドロキシプロピオネート10重量%から成り、これは、酸をメタノール中に溶かし、過剰のNaOHペレットを添加して調製した。10重量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液が陰極液として使用された。
C(OH)H2CH2CO2Na → C(OH)H2CH2・+CO2+Na++e−
H2O + e− → H2 + OH−
2C(OH)H2CH2・ → C(OH)H2CH2CH2C(OH)H2
2C(OH)H2CH2・ → C(OH)H2CH2CH2C(OH)H2
本発明の他の実施例として、水酸基を有する異なるカルボン酸が複数の酸素を含む官能基を有する化合物に変換された。製造された化合物は食品添加物として使用でき、又ジオールに変換でき、さらに必要であればジエンに変換できる。この脱カルボキシル化の陽極液は、乳酸ナトリウムの10重量%メタノール溶液から成り、これは乳酸をメタノールに溶解し、次いで過剰のNaOHペレットを添加して調製した。陰極液としては、10重量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を使用した。
CH3C(OH)HCO2Na → CH3C(OH)H・+CO2+Na++e−
H2O + e− → H2 + OH−
H3C(OH)H・→CH3C(OH)H++e−+OH−→CH2C(OH)H
2CH3CHO + NaOH → CH3COC(OH)HCH3 + NaOH
本発明の他の実施例として、実施例2で使用したものと同じカルボン酸を直接ジオールに変換した。製造されたジオールは溶媒として利用でき、更にジエンに変換できる。この実施例の陽極液はL−乳酸ナトリウム塩の20重量%メタノール溶液から成り、L−乳酸ナトリウム塩(98%、Sigma)を直接メタノールに溶解させて調製した。陰極液としては、10重量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を使用した。
CH3C(OH)HCO2Na → CH2C(OH)H・+CO2+Na++e−
H2O + e− → H2 + OH−
2CH3C(OH)H・ → CH3C(OH)HC(OH)HCH3
本発明の他の実施例として、実施例2及び3で使用したものと同じカルボン酸を異なる溶媒を用いて直接ジオールに変換した。この脱カルボキシル化の陽極液はL−乳酸ナトリウム塩の20重量%乳酸エチル溶液から成り、L−乳酸ナトリウム塩(98%、Sigma)を直接乳酸エチルに溶解させて調製した。陰極液としては、10重量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を使用した。
CH3C(OH)HCO2Na → CH2C(OH)H・+CO2+Na++e−
H2O + e− → H2 + OH−
2CH3C(OH)H・→CH3C(OH)HC(OH)HCH3
Claims (13)
- カルボン酸のアルカリ金属塩を二電子酸化により電気化学的脱カルボキシル化してアルデヒドを形成する工程から成る非コルベ法によるアルデヒドの電気化学的製造方法であって、カルボン酸のアルカリ金属塩が、カルボン酸部分に対してα位に位置する電子供与性の置換基を有し、電子供与性の置換基がヒドロキシル基であることを特徴とするアルデヒドの電気化学的製造方法。
- カルボン酸のアルカリ金属塩を二電子酸化により電気化学的脱カルボキシル化してアルデヒドを形成する工程と、得られたアルデヒドを塩基媒体中で求核付加反応してヒドロキシル−ケトンを形成する工程とから成る非コルベ法によるヒドロキシルケトンの電気化学的製造方法であって、カルボン酸のアルカリ金属塩が、カルボン酸のα位に電子供与性の置換基を有し、電子供与性の置換基がヒドロキシル基であることを特徴とするヒドロキシル−ケトンの電気化学的製造方法。
- カルボン酸のアルカリ金属塩がカルボン酸のナトリウム塩から成る請求項1又は2に記載の製造方法。
- アルデヒドがアセトアルデヒドである請求項1に記載の製造方法。
- ヒドロキシルケトンがアセトインである請求項2に記載の製造方法。
- カルボン酸のアルカリ金属塩がバイオマスからの誘導体である請求項1又は2に記載の製造方法。
- カルボン酸のアルカリ金属塩が乳酸ナトリウムである請求項3に記載の製造方法。
- 電気化学的脱カルボキシル化が、陽極液室と陰極液室とから成る2室電気化学的セルを使用して行われる請求項1又は2に記載の製造方法。
- 陽極液室は、カルボン酸のアルカリ金属塩と溶媒とから成る所定量の陽極液を有し、カルボン酸のアルカリ金属塩がカルボン酸部分に加えて少なくとも1つのOH官能基を有する請求項8に記載の製造方法。
- 溶媒が極性有機溶媒またはイオン性液体から成る請求項9に記載の製造方法。
- 溶媒が酸化されるべき溶融カルボン酸塩アニオンである請求項9に記載の製造方法。
- 2室電気化学的セルが、更にアルカリ金属イオン選択膜を有する請求項8に記載の製造方法。
- 陽極液が、乳酸ナトリウムのメタノールまたはエタノール溶液から成る請求項8に記載の製造方法。
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