JP6882185B2 - 改善された破壊靭性を有するエポキシ系 - Google Patents
改善された破壊靭性を有するエポキシ系 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6882185B2 JP6882185B2 JP2017549786A JP2017549786A JP6882185B2 JP 6882185 B2 JP6882185 B2 JP 6882185B2 JP 2017549786 A JP2017549786 A JP 2017549786A JP 2017549786 A JP2017549786 A JP 2017549786A JP 6882185 B2 JP6882185 B2 JP 6882185B2
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- curing agent
- amine
- polyurea
- epoxy
- resin
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/40—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the curing agents used
- C08G59/4007—Curing agents not provided for by the groups C08G59/42 - C08G59/66
- C08G59/4014—Nitrogen containing compounds
- C08G59/4021—Ureas; Thioureas; Guanidines; Dicyandiamides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/38—Low-molecular-weight compounds having heteroatoms other than oxygen
- C08G18/3819—Low-molecular-weight compounds having heteroatoms other than oxygen having nitrogen
- C08G18/3823—Low-molecular-weight compounds having heteroatoms other than oxygen having nitrogen containing -N-C=O groups
- C08G18/3829—Low-molecular-weight compounds having heteroatoms other than oxygen having nitrogen containing -N-C=O groups containing ureum groups
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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Description
本発明は、硬化剤、硬化剤の製造方法および該硬化剤のエポキシ樹脂の硬化のための使用に関する。
本発明は、従来の硬化剤に付随する問題点を、イソシアネートおよびアミンの少なくとも部分的に反応された生成物(例えば、少なくとも1種の付加化合物を含む反応生成物)を提供することによって解決する。該反応生成物は、ポリ尿素オリゴマーを含む。該反応生成物を少なくとも1種のアミンと組み合わせることで、エポキシ樹脂硬化物が増強された破壊靭性を有するエポキシ樹脂用の硬化剤を調合することができる。前記少なくとも部分的に反応された生成物は、硬化剤の粘度を増大させず、硬化剤のアミン成分中に少なくとも部分的に可溶性である。
本発明は、広義には、ポリ尿素オリゴマーを含む反応生成物の製造のための組成物および方法に関する。該ポリ尿素オリゴマーは、少なくとも1種のイソシアネートを、過剰量の少なくとも1種のアミンの存在下で少なくとも部分的に反応させることによって製造することができる。ポリ尿素オリゴマーの反応生成物は、少なくとも1種のアミン中に溶解させることができ、それにより、エポキシ樹脂を硬化して破壊靭性を改善するための硬化剤が製造される。
ポリ尿素(PU)樹脂の合成
アミン:イソシアネートの化学量論比の、生成される樹脂のレオロジーにおける効果を研究すること。この実験の結果により、ポリ尿素(PU)樹脂が液状であるアミン化学量論比を規定することができ、それは、アミン硬化剤の溶剤を用いない更なる混加を容易にした。
脂肪族アミン硬化剤中でのポリ尿素(PU)樹脂の可溶性
目的 合成されたポリ尿素(PU)樹脂のアミン硬化剤中での可溶性を評価すること。
ポリ尿素(PU)樹脂の安定性
目的 ポリ尿素(PU)樹脂の時間に対する安定性を監視すること。
目的 アミン−ポリ尿素(PU)硬化剤の、a)低温での、かつb)時間に対する安定性を監視すること。
合成されたポリ尿素(PU)樹脂の化学的キャラクタリゼーション
目的 合成されたポリ尿素(PU)樹脂の化学的キャラクタリゼーションを実施すること。
a)ゲル浸透クロマトグラフィー(GPC)
b)近赤外分光法(NIR)、および
c)フーリエ変換赤外分光分析(FTIR)/AP。
方法 合成されたポリ尿素(PU)樹脂の分子量分布を、GPCを使用して測定した。該樹脂を、移動相(テトラヒドロフラン/ジエチルアミン 80%/20%)を用いて0.3%(質量/容量)で希釈した。該試料を、30分間にわたってリストアクションシェーカーに配置した。目視検査により、該試料は希釈剤中に溶解されるように見えた。そして該試料を、クロマトグラフ中に注入する前に0.45μmフィルタを通じて濾過した。クロマトグラフィーシステムは、液体クロマトグラフ(Waters Alliance 2795)、屈折率検出器(Waters 2414)および3カラムセット(250×10mm Jordi gel DVB 500Å)からなるものであった。該装置は、162ダルトンから約39kダルトンまでの範囲の狭いポリスチレン(PS)を使用して較正した。結果はPSとの相対的なものであり、絶対的なものではない。つまり、この結果は、絶対値とは大きく異なることがある。分析は、35℃で100μLの注入容量および1分間当たり1mLの移動相の流速で55分間にわたって実施した。それらの結果は、2回の反復注入の平均から測定した。
方法 合成されたポリ尿素(PU)樹脂の化学的組成を、NMRを使用することによって測定した。合成された樹脂を、緩和剤としてクロムアセチルアセトネートを添加したクロロホルム−d中に溶解させた。NMR実験を、周囲温度で10mmのBBOプローブを備えたBruker Avance III 500 FT−NMR分光計を使用して実施した。定量的な13C NMRデータを、逆ゲート付きデカップリング、30°パルスおよび6秒間の緩和差を使用して取得した。化学シフトのスケールを溶剤ピークの参照とした。
結果 化学組成を、FTIRを使用することによって測定した。図4は、合成されたポリ尿素(PU)樹脂の、反応初期(t=0時間)および最終時間(t=12時間)でのFTIRスキャンを示している。該スキャンにおけるt=12時間での2251cm-1でのピークが存在しないことは、HMDIの完全な反応を示し、その一方で1647cm-1および1550cm-1でのピークは、ポリ尿素の形成を示した。
注型:熱機械的特性
目的 破壊靭性の評価を含むさらなる熱機械的キャラクタリゼーションのために硬化されたエポキシ−アミン−PU注型品を製造すること。
ポリ尿素反応生成物を、水素化メチレンジイソシアネートとオリゴマーのジアミンとを実施例1に記載される方法に従って反応させることによって製造した。
1. 20℃で平衡化し、
2. 20℃から250℃まで10℃/分で加熱し(硬化スキャン)、
3. 250℃から20℃まで10℃/分で冷却し、
4. 20℃で平衡化し、
5. 20℃から250℃まで10℃/分で加熱する(2番目の加熱スキャン)。
Claims (8)
- 少なくとも1種のポリ尿素オリゴマーを含むエポキシ硬化剤であって、該オリゴマーが、少なくとも1種のイソシアネートおよび少なくとも1種のジアミンの付加物を含み、
前記ジアミンが、ポリテトラメチレンオキシド−ジ−p−アミノベンゾエート、ポリテトラエチレンオキシド−ジ−p−アミノベンゾエート、ポリテトラプロピレンオキシド−ジ−p−アミノベンゾエートおよびポリテトラヘキシレンオキシド−ジ−p−アミノベンゾエートからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの要素を含む、エポキシ硬化剤。 - 少なくとも1種のアミンをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の硬化剤。
- 前記イソシアネートが、少なくとも1種の脂環式ジイソシアネートを含む、請求項1または2に記載の硬化剤。
- 前記ポリ尿素オリゴマーが、脂肪族アミン中に少なくとも部分的に可溶性である、請求項1から3までのいずれか1項に記載の硬化剤。
- 前記アミンが、ジエチレントリアミン(DETA)、トリエチレンテトラミン(TETA)、テトラエチレンペンタミン(TEPA)、ペンタエチレンヘキサミン(PEHA)、ヘキサメチレンジアミン(HMDA)、N−(2−アミノエチル)−1,3−プロパンジアミン(N3−アミン)、N,N’−1,2−エタンジイルビス−1,3−プロパンジアミン(N4−アミン)およびジプロピレントリアミンからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの要素を含む、請求項2に記載の硬化剤。
- 請求項1から5までのいずれか1項に記載のエポキシ硬化剤の製造方法であって、少なくとも1種のイソシアネートおよび過剰の少なくとも1種のジアミンを、液状ポリ尿素オリゴマーの製造に十分な条件下で接触させるステップを含む、方法。
- 少なくとも1種のエポキシ樹脂および請求項1から5までのいずれか1項に記載の硬化剤を含む組成物。
- 1.32MPa m 1/2 〜3.08MPa m 1/2 の破壊靭性を有する、請求項7に記載の組成物から得られるエポキシ樹脂物品。
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