JP6851306B2 - 膜を作るためのコポリマー - Google Patents
膜を作るためのコポリマー Download PDFInfo
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- JP6851306B2 JP6851306B2 JP2017523521A JP2017523521A JP6851306B2 JP 6851306 B2 JP6851306 B2 JP 6851306B2 JP 2017523521 A JP2017523521 A JP 2017523521A JP 2017523521 A JP2017523521 A JP 2017523521A JP 6851306 B2 JP6851306 B2 JP 6851306B2
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- Prior art keywords
- membrane
- copolymer
- block
- filtration
- oxide
- Prior art date
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- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002948 undecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229960005486 vaccine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021119 whey protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/34—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives
- C08G65/38—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives derived from phenols
- C08G65/40—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives derived from phenols from phenols (I) and other compounds (II), e.g. OH-Ar-OH + X-Ar-X, where X is halogen atom, i.e. leaving group
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- B01D—SEPARATION
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- B01D71/441—Polyvinylpyrrolidone
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/52—Polyethers
- B01D71/522—Aromatic polyethers
- B01D71/5222—Polyetherketone, polyetheretherketone, or polyaryletherketone
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/66—Polymers having sulfur in the main chain, with or without nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only
- B01D71/68—Polysulfones; Polyethersulfones
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/76—Macromolecular material not specifically provided for in a single one of groups B01D71/08 - B01D71/74
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/76—Macromolecular material not specifically provided for in a single one of groups B01D71/08 - B01D71/74
- B01D71/82—Macromolecular material not specifically provided for in a single one of groups B01D71/08 - B01D71/74 characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. introduced by chemical after-treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/34—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives
- C08G65/38—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives derived from phenols
- C08G65/40—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives derived from phenols from phenols (I) and other compounds (II), e.g. OH-Ar-OH + X-Ar-X, where X is halogen atom, i.e. leaving group
- C08G65/4012—Other compound (II) containing a ketone group, e.g. X-Ar-C(=O)-Ar-X for polyetherketones
- C08G65/4056—(I) or (II) containing sulfur
-
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- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/34—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives
- C08G65/38—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives derived from phenols
- C08G65/40—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives derived from phenols from phenols (I) and other compounds (II), e.g. OH-Ar-OH + X-Ar-X, where X is halogen atom, i.e. leaving group
- C08G65/42—Phenols and polyhydroxy ethers
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- C08G75/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G75/02—Polythioethers
- C08G75/0204—Polyarylenethioethers
- C08G75/0209—Polyarylenethioethers derived from monomers containing one aromatic ring
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- C08G75/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
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- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
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- C08J5/22—Films, membranes or diaphragms
- C08J5/2206—Films, membranes or diaphragms based on organic and/or inorganic macromolecular compounds
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Description
t、q:それぞれ独立して0、1、2又は3、
Q、T、Y:それぞれ独立してO、−S−、−SO2−、S=O、C=O、−N=N−、−CRaRb−から選択される化学結合又は基、ここでRa及びRbはそれぞれ独立して水素原子又はC1〜C12−アルキル、C1〜C12−アルコキシ又はC6〜C18−アリール基であり、ここでQ、T及びYのうち少なくとも1つは−O−ではなく、Q、T及びYのうち少なくとも1つはSO2−である、及び
Ar、Ar1:それぞれ独立して6〜18個の炭素原子を有するアリーレン基、
その際、芳香族部分は部分的にスルホン化されている。任意に、互いに独立して含有される芳香環は更に置換されていてよい。
− Yはハロゲン原子であり、
− Xはハロゲン原子及びOHから選択され、好ましくはハロゲン原子、特にF、Cl又はBrから選択され、且つ
− Ar及びAr1は互いに独立して6〜18個の炭素原子を有するアリーレン基である。
− ジヒドロキシベンゼン、特にヒドロキノン及びレゾルシノール;
− ジヒドロキシナフタレン、特に1,5−ジヒドロキシナフタレン、1,6−ジヒドロキシナフタレン、1,7−ジヒドロキシナフタレン、及び2,7−ジヒドロキシナフタレン;
− ジヒドロキシビフェニル、特に4,4’−ビフェノール及び2,2’−ビフェノール;
− ビスフェノールエーテル、特にビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)エーテル及びビス(2−ヒドロキシフェニル)エーテル;
− ビスフェノールプロパン、特に2,2−ビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)プロパン、2,2−ビス(3−メチル−4−ヒドロキシフェニル)プロパン及び2,2−ビス(3,5−ジメチル−4−ヒドロキシフェニル)プロパン;
− ビスフェニルメタン、特にビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)メタン;
− ビスフェニルスルホネート、特にビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)スルホン;
− ビスフェニルスルフィド、特にビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)スルフィド;
− ビスフェニルケトン、特にビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)ケトン;
− ビスフェニルヘキサフルオロプロパン、特に2,2−ビス(3,5−ジメチル−4−ヒドロキシフェニル)ヘキサフルオロプロパン;及び
− ビスフェニルフルオレン、特に9,9−ビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)フルオレン;
− 1,1−ビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)−3,3,5−トリメチル−シクロヘキサン(ビスフェノールTMC)。
Ar2は二価のアリーレン残基を表し、
M1a及びM2aから選択される少なくとも1つのモノマー単位は部分的にスルホン化され、且つM1a及びM2aに含まれる芳香環は任意に且つ互いに独立して更に置換されていてよい)
のモノマー単位で構成される。
R−(OCH2−CH2)m−(OCH2−CH2−CH2−CH2)n−(OCH2−CH2)o−O− (I)
R−(OCH2−CH2)m−(OCH2−CH(CH3))n−(OCH2−CH2)o−O− (II)、
R−(OCH2−CH2)m−(OCH2−CH(CH2CH3))n−(OCH2−CH2)o−O− (III)
のポリアルキレンオキシドブロックPAOを含み、
ここで
Rは水素又は脂肪族若しくは芳香族の残基又は化学結合を示し、
ここで式I、II又はIIIそれぞれによるポリアルキレンオキシドブロックであって、ブロックコポリマー中に同じ残基Rが存在する前記ポリアルキレンオキシドブロック全体にわたるn及びoの数平均は独立して1.1〜40であり;
ここで式I、II又はIIIそれぞれによるポリアルキレンオキシドブロックであって、ブロックコポリマー中に同じ残基Rが存在する前記ポリアルキレンオキシドブロック全体にわたるnの数平均は10〜500である。
略語:
DCDPS 4,4’−ジクロロジフェニルスルホン
DHDPS 4,4’−ジヒドロキシジフェニルスルホン
sPPSU 部分スルホン化ポリフェニレンスルホン
sDCDPS 3,3’−ジナトリウムジスルホネート−4,4’−ジクロロジフェニレンスルホン
NMP N−メチルピロリドン
DMAc ジメチルアセトアミド
PWP 純水浸透
MWCO 分子量カットオフ
実施例1:sPPSU−コ−PEOコポリマー1(1.5/2−2000)
温度計、ガス導入管及びディーンスタークトラップを取り付けた4リットルのガラス製反応器において、DCDPS577.21g、3,3’−ジナトリウムジスルホネート−4,4’−ジクロロジフェニルスルホン14.74g、4,4’−ジヒドロキシビフェニル364.97g、2022g/モルの数平均分子量Mnを有するポリエチレングリコール80.88g及び32.4μmの体積平均粒径を有する炭酸カリウム290.29gを、窒素雰囲気下でNMP1250ml中に懸濁させた。
温度計、ガス導入管、ディーンスタークトラップを取り付けた4リットルのガラス製反応器に、DCDPS577.21g、3,3’−ジナトリウムジスルホネート−4,4’−ジクロロジフェニルスルホン14.74g、4,4’−ジヒドロキシビフェニル364.97g、6448g/モルの数平均分子量Mnを有するポリエチレングリコール257.92g及び32.4μmの体積平均粒径を有する炭酸カリウム290.29gを、窒素雰囲気下でNMP1250ml中に懸濁させた。
温度計、ガス導入管、ディーンスタークトラップを取り付けた4リットルのガラス製反応器に、DCDPS577.21g、3,3’−ジナトリウムジスルホネート−4,4’−ジクロロジフェニルスルホン14.74g、4,4’−ジヒドロキシビフェニル364.97g、4200g/モルの数平均分子量Mnを有するポリエチレングリコール168.00g及び32.4μmの体積平均粒径を有する炭酸カリウム290.29gを、窒素雰囲気下でNMP1250ml中に懸濁させた。
温度計、ガス導入管、ディーンスタークトラップを取り付けた4リットルのガラス製反応器に、DCDPS571.43g、3,3’−ジナトリウムジスルホネート−4,4’−ジクロロジフェニルスルホン24.76g、4,4’−ジヒドロキシビフェニル364.97g、2022g/モルの数平均分子量Mnを有するポリエチレングリコール80.88g及び32.4μmの体積平均粒径を有する炭酸カリウム290.29gを、窒素雰囲気下でNMP1250ml中に懸濁させた。
温度計、ガス導入管、ディーンスタークトラップを取り付けた4リットルのガラス製反応器に、DCDPS577.07g、3,3’−ジナトリウムジスルホネート−4,4’−ジクロロジフェニルスルホン49.54g、4,4’−ジヒドロキシビフェニル364.97g、2022g/モルの数平均分子量Mnを有するポリエチレングリコール80.88g及び32.4μmの体積平均粒径を有する炭酸カリウム290.29gを、窒素雰囲気下でNMP1250ml中に懸濁させた。
温度計、ガス導入管、ディーンスタークトラップを取り付けた4リットルのガラス製反応器に、DCDPS577.07g、3,3’−ジナトリウムジスルホネート−4,4’−ジクロロジフェニルスルホン49.54g、4,4’−ジヒドロキシビフェニル370.51g、及び32.4μmの体積平均粒径を有する炭酸カリウム290.29gを、窒素雰囲気下でNMP1250ml中に懸濁させた。
温度計、ガス導入管、ディーンスタークトラップを取り付けた4リットルのガラス製反応器に、DCDPS522.63g、3,3’−ジナトリウムジスルホネート−4,4’−ジクロロジフェニルスルホン99.07g、4,4’−ジヒドロキシビフェニル370.51g、及び32.4μmの体積平均粒径を有する炭酸カリウム290.29gを、窒素雰囲気下でNMP1250ml中に懸濁させた。
温度計、ガス導入管、ディーンスタークトラップを取り付けた4リットルのガラス製反応器に、DCDPS488.04g、3,3’−ジナトリウムジスルホネート−4,4’−ジクロロジフェニルスルホン147.36g、4,4’−ジヒドロキシビフェニル372.42g、及び32.4μmの体積平均粒径を有する炭酸カリウム290.29gを、窒素雰囲気下でNMP1250ml中に懸濁させた。
実施例M1〜M9
磁気攪拌機を備えた三つ口フラスコに、表2に示すN−メチルピロリドン(NMP)78ml、ポリビニルピロリドン(PVP、Luvitec(登録商標)K40)5g及びポリマー17gを加えた。均質で透明な粘性のある溶液が得られるまで、混合物を60℃で穏やかに撹拌しながら加熱した。溶液を室温で一晩脱気した。その後、膜溶液を60℃で2時間再加熱し、5mm/分の速度で操作するエリクセンコーティング機を用いて60℃でキャスティングナイフ(300ミクロン)を用いてガラスプレート上にキャストした。25℃の水浴に10分間浸す前に膜フィルムを30秒間放置した。
直径60mmの圧力セルを用いて、超純水(塩フリー水、ミリポアUFシステムでろ過したもの)を用いて膜の純水透過を試験した。その後の試験では、異なるPEG−標準の溶液を0.15バールの圧力でろ過した。供給水と透過液のGPC測定により分子量カットオフを求めた。
Claims (12)
- 前記ポリアリーレンエーテルブロックAが非スルホン化及びスルホン化モノマー単位を含み、3,3’−ジナトリウムジスルホネート−4,4’−ジクロロジフェニレンスルホンとして計算される前記スルホン化モノマー単位が0.5質量%〜10質量%の量でコポリマーCに含まれる、請求項1に記載のコポリマーC。
- 前記ポリアルキレンオキシドブロックPAOが、エチレンオキシド、プロピレンオキシド、ブチレンオキシド及び/又はブタンジオールのホモポリマー又はそれらのコポリマーである、請求項1又は2に記載のコポリマーC。
- 前記ポリアルキレンオキシドブロックPAOが、エチレンオキシドのホモポリマー又はエチレンオキシドとプロピレンオキシドとのブロックコポリマーである、請求項1から3までのいずれか1項に記載のコポリマーC。
- 芳香族ビスハロゲノ化合物及び芳香族ビフェノール又はその塩を、少なくとも1つの適切な塩基の存在下で且つ少なくとも1つの適切なポリアルキレンオキシドPAOの存在下で反応させ、前記芳香族ビスハロゲノ化合物及び芳香族ビフェノール又はその塩は部分的にスルホン化され、前記芳香族ビスハロゲノ化合物がジハロジフェニルスルホンであり、かつ、前記芳香族ビフェノールが4,4’−ジヒドロキシビフェニルである、請求項1から4までのいずれか1項に記載のコポリマーの製造方法。
- 請求項1から4までのいずれか1項に記載のコポリマーCを含む膜。
- 前記膜が0.01質量%〜100質量%の量でコポリマーCを含む、請求項6に記載の膜。
- 前記膜がUF膜、MF膜、RO膜、FO膜又はNF膜である、請求項6又は7に記載の膜。
- 請求項6〜8のいずれかに記載の膜の、水処理用途、産業排水又は都市排水の処理、海水又は汽水の脱塩、透析、原形質分離、食品加工のための使用。
- 請求項6又は7に記載の膜を含む膜エレメント。
- 請求項6又は7に記載の膜を含む膜モジュール。
- 請求項11に記載の膜モジュール及び/又は請求項10に記載の膜エレメントを含む濾過システム。
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