JP6824970B2 - ポリマー添加剤を含むブロック共重合体電解質 - Google Patents
ポリマー添加剤を含むブロック共重合体電解質 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6824970B2 JP6824970B2 JP2018516186A JP2018516186A JP6824970B2 JP 6824970 B2 JP6824970 B2 JP 6824970B2 JP 2018516186 A JP2018516186 A JP 2018516186A JP 2018516186 A JP2018516186 A JP 2018516186A JP 6824970 B2 JP6824970 B2 JP 6824970B2
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Images
Classifications
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- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
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- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H01M10/4235—Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte
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- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
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Description
本出願は、2015年9月30日に出願された米国仮特許出願第62/2235,499号の優先権を主張するものであり、参照によりその内容を本明細書に援用する。
詳細な説明
ナノ構造ブロック共重合体電解質
実施例
Claims (23)
- 複数の第1のポリマー、複数の第4のポリマー、及び、塩を含み、イオン伝導性ドメインを形成する第1の相と、
複数の第2のポリマー、及び、複数の第3のポリマーを含み、前記イオン伝導性ドメインに隣接する構造ドメインを形成する第2の相と、
を備え、
前記第1のポリマーの少なくとも幾つかが前記第2のポリマーの少なくとも幾つかと共有結合して第1のブロック共重合体を形成しており、
前記第4のポリマーの少なくとも幾つかが前記第3のポリマーの少なくとも幾つかと共有結合して第3のブロック共重合体を形成しており、
前記イオン伝導性ドメイン及び前記構造ドメインが交互の層状ドメインとして配列されている、
電解質材料。 - 前記第1のポリマーの少なくとも幾つかが前記第3のポリマーの少なくとも幾つかと共有結合して第2のブロック共重合体を形成している、
請求項1に記載の電解質材料。 - 前記第1のポリマーが、ポリエーテル、ポリアミン、ポリイミド、ポリアミド、ポリ(アルキルカーボネート)、ポリニトリル、ポリシロキサン、ポリホスファゼン、ポリオレフィン、ポリジエン、及びこれらの組合せから成る群から選択される、
請求項1に記載の電解質材料。 - 前記第1のポリマーが、イオン伝導性櫛形ポリマーを含み、前記櫛形ポリマーが主鎖及びペンダント基を含む、
請求項1に記載の電解質材料。 - 前記主鎖が、ポリシロキサン、ポリホスファゼン、ポリエーテル、ポリジエン、ポリオレフィン、ポリアクリレート、ポリメタクリレート、及びこれらの組合せから成る群から選択される1つ又はそれ以上を含む、
請求項4に記載の電解質材料。 - 前記ペンダント基が、オリゴエーテル、置換オリゴエーテル、ニトリル基、スルホン、チオール、ポリエーテル、ポリアミン、ポリイミド、ポリアミド、ポリ(アルキルカーボネート)、ポリニトリル、その他の極性基、及びこれらの組合せから成る群から選択される1つ又はそれ以上を含む、
請求項4に記載の電解質材料。 - 前記第2のポリマー及び前記第3のポリマーが、それぞれ独立して、ポリスチレン、水素化ポリスチレン、ポリメタクリレート、ポリ(メタクリル酸メチル)、ポリビニルピリジン、ポリビニルシクロヘキサン、ポリイミド、ポリアミド、ポリプロピレン、ポリ(2,6−ジメチル−1,4−フェニレンオキシド)(PXE)、ポリオレフィン、ポリ(t−ブチルビニルエーテル)、ポリ(メタクリル酸シクロヘキシル)、ポリ(シクロヘキシルビニルエーテル)、ポリ(t−ブチルビニルエーテル)、ポリエチレン、フッ化ポリビニリデンなどのポリフルオロカーボン、又はスチレン、メタクリレート、及び/又はビニルピリジンを含む共重合体から成る群から選択される、
請求項1に記載の電解質材料。 - 前記イオン伝導性ドメイン及び前記構造ドメインがそれぞれ、5〜500nmの幅を有する、
請求項1に記載の電解質材料。 - 前記第4のポリマーは、前記第1のポリマーと混和性を有する、
請求項1に記載の電解質材料。 - 前記第4のポリマーが、ポリエーテル、ポリアミン、ポリイミド、ポリアミド、ポリ(アルキルカーボネート)、ポリニトリル、ポリシロキサン、ポリホスファゼン、ポリオレフィン、ポリジエン、及びこれらの組合せから成る群から選択される、
請求項1に記載の電解質材料。 - 前記塩がリチウム塩である、
請求項1に記載の電解質材料。 - 前記電解質材料が、20℃〜100℃の温度で固体である、
請求項1に記載の電解質材料。 - 液体の電解質をさらに備え、前記電解質材料がゲルである、
請求項1に記載の電解質材料。 - 前記第1の相にリチウムイオン伝導性無機セラミックス粒子をさらに備える、
請求項1に記載の電解質材料。 - 前記第2の相が架橋されている、
請求項1に記載の電解質材料。 - 複数のPEOポリマー、複数のイオン伝導性ポリマー、及び塩を含み、第1のドメインを形成するイオン伝導性相と、
複数のPSポリマー、及び、複数のPXEポリマーを含み、前記第1のドメインに隣接する第2のドメインを形成する構造相と、
を備え、
前記PEOポリマーの少なくとも一部及び前記PSポリマーの少なくとも一部が共有結合して第1のブロック共重合体を形成しており、
前記イオン伝導性ポリマーの少なくとも一部及び前記PXEポリマーの少なくとも一部が共有結合して第3のブロック共重合体を形成しており、
前記第1のドメイン及び前記第2のドメインが共連続ドメインとして配列されている、
電解質材料。 - 前記第1のブロック共重合体が線状ブロック共重合体である、
請求項16に記載の電解質材料。 - 前記PEOポリマーの少なくとも一部及び前記PXEポリマーの一部が共有結合して第2のブロック共重合体を形成する、
請求項16に記載の電解質材料。 - 前記第2のブロック共重合体が線状ブロック共重合体である、
請求項18に記載の電解質材料。 - 前記イオン伝導性ポリマーは、前記PEOポリマーと混和性を有する、
請求項16に記載の電解質材料。 - 電極活物質粒子と、
請求項1に記載の電解質材料と、
任意の電子伝導性粒子と、
を備え、
前記電極活物質粒子及び前記任意の電子伝導性粒子が前記電解質材料中にランダムに分散されている、
電池電極。 - 前記電極が陽極であり、前記電極活物質粒子が、リン酸鉄リチウム(LFP)、LiCoO2、LiMn2O4、リチウム・ニッケル・コバルト・アルミニウム酸化物(NCA)、及びリチウム・ニッケル・コバルト・マンガン酸化物(NCM)から成る群から選択される材料を含む、
請求項21に記載の電極。 - 前記電極が陰極であり、前記電極活物質粒子が、黒鉛、リチウム金属、Li−Al、Li−Si、Li−Sn、Li−Mg、Si、Si−Sn、Si−Ni、Si−Cu、Si−Fe、Si−Co、Si−Mn、Si−Zn、Si−In、Si−Ag、Si−Ti、Si−Ge、Si−Bi、Si−Sb、Si−Cr、金属酸化物、炭化ケイ素、及びこれらの混合物から成る群から選択される、
請求項21に記載の電極。
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