JP6816031B2 - 非標準的なcd8+t細胞応答を生成するのに有用な方法および組成物 - Google Patents
非標準的なcd8+t細胞応答を生成するのに有用な方法および組成物 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本願は、2015年2月10日出願の米国特許仮出願第62/114,203号;2015年7月24日出願の米国特許仮出願第62/196,520号;および2015年9月18日出願の米国特許仮出願第62/220,703号の優先権を主張し、その各々は参照によりその全文が本明細書に援用される。
本発明は、米国国立衛生研究所によって拠出された助成金番号P01 AI094417の条件に基づいて合衆国政府の支援によって生み出された。合衆国政府は、本発明に一定の権利を有する。
特に断りのない限り、技術用語は従来の用法に従って使用される。分子生物学の共通語の定義は、Benjamin Lewin,Genes V,published by Oxford University Press,1994(ISBN 0−19−854287−9);Kendrew et al.(eds.),The Encyclopedia of Molecular Biology,published by Blackwell Science Ltd.,1994(ISBN 0−632−02182−9);およびRobert A.Meyers(ed.),Molecular Biology and Biotechnology:a Comprehensive Desk Reference,published by VCR Publishers,Inc.,1995(ISBN 1−56081−569−8)で見出すことができる。
生物を繰り返し感染させる能力のあるヒトまたは動物サイトメガロウイルス(CMV)ベクターが、本明細書に開示される。CMVベクターは、異種タンパク質抗原をコードし、活性のあるUL128およびUL130タンパク質、またはそのオーソログ(他の種を感染させるCMVの相同遺伝子)を発現しない核酸配列を含む。異種抗原は、例えば、HIV、SIV、単純ヘルペスウイルス、B型またはC型肝炎ウイルス、パピローマウイルス、プラスモディウム属寄生虫、および結核菌に由来する病原体特異的抗原を含めたいずれの抗原であってもよい。なおさらなる例では、異種抗原は腫瘍抗原であってよく、それには、例えば、急性骨髄性白血病、慢性骨髄性白血病、骨髄異形成症候群、急性リンパ芽球性白血病、慢性リンパ芽球性白血病、非ホジキンリンパ腫、多発性骨髄腫、悪性黒色腫、乳癌、肺癌、卵巣癌、前立腺癌、膵臓癌、結腸癌、腎細胞癌(RCC)、および胚細胞性腫瘍に関連する腫瘍抗原が挙げられる。一部の例では、CMVベクターは、活性のあるUL40タンパク質(またはそのオーソログ)および/または活性のあるUS28タンパク質(またはそのオーソログ)も欠く。なおさらなる例では、異種抗原は、組織特異的抗原または宿主自己抗原であってよく、それには、例えば、T細胞受容体の可変領域由来の抗原、B細胞受容体の可変領域由来の抗原、精子抗原、または卵抗原が挙げられる。
RhCMV/SIVベクターが、従来のワクチン様式によって生じる標準的な応答とは完全に異なり、さらにSIV感染自体とも完全に異なる、代わりのSIV特異的CD8+T細胞応答を推進することは、これまでに実証されている(Hansen,S.G.et al,Science 340,1237874(2013)、参照により本明細書に援用される)。
アカゲザル:合計46匹のインドの遺伝的背景をもつパーパスブレッド(purpose−bred)の雄または雌アカゲザル(RM)(Macaca mulatto)をこの実施例で報告される実験に使用した。それらには、株68−1 RhCMV/gagを接種した9匹のRM、株68−1.2RhCMV/gagを接種したRM、Rh67を欠失した68−1 RhCMV/gagを接種した1匹のRM、MVA/gagを接種した7匹のRM、SIV感染によるワクチン接種をしていない19匹のRM、およびRhCMVのコロニー循環株に自然感染したワクチン接種をしていない6匹のRMが含まれた。全てのRMは、米国国立衛生研究所の実験動物の管理と使用に関する指針の基準の下、オレゴン国立霊長類研究センター施設内実験動物委員会の承認を得て使用した。これらの実験で使用されたRMは、オナガザルヘルペスウイルス1、D型サルレトロウイルス、およびサルTリンパ増殖性ウイルス1型を含まなかった。選択されたRMは、ディープシーケンシングによってMHC−I遺伝子型を同定した。手短に言えば、MamuクラスI配列のアンプリコンを、高忠実度Phusion(商標)ポリメラーゼ(New England Biolabs)および一対の万能なMHC−I特異的プライマーを、以下の熱サイクル条件:98℃で3分間(98℃で5秒間、57℃で1秒間、72℃で20秒間)を23サイクル、そして72℃で5分間使用するPCRによるcDNAの増幅によって生成した。各々のPCRプライマーは、特有の10bp多重識別子(Multiplex Identifier)(MID)タグを、454シーケンシング(商標)のアダプター配列(5’−GCCTCCCTCGCGCCATCAG−MID−GCTACGTGGACGACACG−3’;5’−GCCTTGCCAGCCCGCTCAG−MID−TCGCTCTGGTTGTAGTAGC−3’)とともに含んだ。結果として生じるアンプリコンは、エキソン2内の高度多型性領域の190bpに及ぶ。一次cDNA−PCR産物は、AMPure XP磁性ビーズ(Beckman Coulter Genomics)を用いて精製した。エマルジョンPCRおよびパイロシーケンシング手順は、製造業者の説明書に従ってゲノムシーケンサーFLX機器(Roche/454 Life Sciences)で実行した。データ分析は、Labkeyデータベースを、配列アセンブリのためのGeneious−Pro(登録商標)生物情報科学ソフトウェア(Biomatters Ltd.)と共に用いて実施した。
MVA/gagは、コドン最適化した全長SIVmac239 gag遺伝子を、MH5初期/後期ワクシニアプロモーターの制御下で、MVAシャトルベクターpLW44に挿入することによって構成して、組換えプラスミドpJV7を生成した。pLW44内の隣接配列は、相同組換えによるチミジンキナーゼ遺伝子座への組換え構築物の挿入を導いた。ニワトリ胚線維芽細胞にpJV7をトランスフェクトし、その後MVA株1974により感染させて、SIVmac239gagを発現する組換えウイルスを生成した(SIVgag発現は免疫ブロットにより確認した)。組換えウイルスをプラーク精製し、大規模培養で増幅した。ウイルスストックを、24〜40%スクロース勾配で精製し、その後にペレットを含む36%スクロースクッションによってペレット化した後、1mMトリス−Cl、pH9.0に懸濁した。MVA/gagワクチン接種のために、このベクターの108プラーク形成単位を筋肉注射によってRMに投与した。
以下の結合Absをこれらの研究で使用した:a)BD Biosciences製、L200(CD4;AmCyan)、SP34−2(CD3;PacBlu)、SK1(CD8a;TruRed、AmCyan)、25723.11(IFNg;APC、FITC)、6.7(TNF;APC)、b)Beckman Coulter製、L78(CD69;PE)。
古典的な多型性MHC−Ia分子の観点で対象の抗原由来ペプチドを認識するT細胞受容体は、疾患、例えば癌または感染症などの免疫治療のための自家T細胞をトランスフェクトするために使用することができる。この手法の主な障害は、MHC−Iaの一致した患者に所与TCRの使用を制限するヒト集団におけるMHC−Iaの多様性である。非古典的な非多型性MHC−E分子の観点で対象の抗原由来ペプチド(例えば、腫瘍抗原由来ペプチドおよび病原体由来ペプチド)を認識するTCRを生成することにより、MHC−マッチングは時代遅れとなり、結果として得られるTCRは、全ての患者において使用することができる。
主要組織適合性複合体(MHC)−Eは、主に、NKG2/CD94受容体との相互作用を介してNK細胞反応性の調節に関与する、限られた多型をもつ、高度に保存された、広範に発現する非古典的なMHC−Ib分子である。ここで、Rh157.5/.4遺伝子欠失RhCMVベクターによるアカゲザルのプライミングは、独自に、MHC−E機能を、全ての試験したタンパク質抗原において、高度に多様なペプチドエピトープ(100アミノ酸につき約4つの別個のエピトープ)のCD8α/β+T細胞への提示に向ける。MHC−Eは、NK細胞活性を回避するためにHIV/SIVおよびその他の持続性ウイルスに感染した細胞でアップレギュレートされるので、MHC−E拘束性のCD8+T細胞応答は、病原体免疫回避適合(これらの非慣習的な応答に優れた有効性を与えることができる能力)を活用する可能性を有する。
ワクチン:1)SIVGagおよび5’−Polを発現する株68−1 RhCMVベクター、2)SIVGagを発現する株68−1.2RhCMVベクター、3)SIV Gagを発現するMVAおよびアデノウイルス5(Ad5)ベクター、および4)SIV GagをコードするDNA+IL−12ワクチンの構成、特徴づけ、および投与は既に報告されている(Hansen et al.Science(2013),上記;Hansen et al.(2011),上記;Hansen et al.Nature(2013),上記;およびHansen et al.(2009),上記)。MCMV IEプロモーターに推進され、Rh211の5’領域に挿入された、結核菌遺伝子産物RpfA、RpfCおよびRpfDの融合タンパク質を発現するRhCMV 68−1株は、Aeras(Rockville,MD,USA)により提供された。株68−1.2RhCMV/gagに基づくRh157.5(UL128)−Rh157.4(UL130)二重欠失変異株も、相同組換えによって構築した。これを達成するために、標的領域に隣接する組換えプライマー(変異原性フォワードプライマー5’−AAAACTATAATCAACAACTCTATACCTTTGTTTTGCTGATGCTA TTGCGT−3’および変異原性リバースプライマー5’−ATTTTTCGATAAAAAAATCACAGCAAACATACTGGTTTTACACACTTTAT−3’)を設計した。Rh157.6(UL131A)およびRh157.4(UL130)オープンリーディングフレーム(ORF)はRhCMVで重複するので、コードされたタンパク質の発現を確実にするために、追加の50bpを加えてRh157.6(UL131A)ORFの末端を保持するように欠失を構築した。ミニプラスミドR6K−kan−F5を使用して、変異原性プライマーの3’末端に加えられたフォワードプライマー結合部位(5’−GAAAAGTGCCACCTGCAGAT−3’)およびリバースプライマー結合部位(5’−CAGGAACACTTAACGGCTGA−3’)を使用して、代わりの(F5)FRT部位に隣接しているカナマイシン耐性カセットを増幅させた。大腸菌株SW105でのE/T相同組換え(Warming S et al.,Nucleic Acids Res 33,e36(2005);参照により本明細書に援用される)を、他所で公開される通り実施した(Muyrers JP et al.,Nucleic Acids Res 27,1555(1999);参照により本明細書に援用される)。標的化したORFの欠失の成功は、欠失遺伝子および隣接遺伝子に特異的なプライマーを用いて感染細胞のウイルスDNAおよびcDNAでポリメラーゼ連鎖反応を実施することによって確認した。SIVmac239gag導入遺伝子の発現は、ΔRh157.5(UL128)−Rh157.4(UL130)68−1.2RhCMV/gagベクターで感染させたアカゲザル初代線維芽細胞の免疫ブロット分析によって確認した。68−1株、68−1.2、およびΔRh157.5/Rh157.4(ΔUL128/UL130)RhCMVベクター間のゲノムの違いの描写については図23を参照されたい。
Claims (11)
- MHC−E−ペプチド複合体を認識するCD8 + T細胞を生成する方法であって、
第1の対象から単離された1つまたは複数のCD8 + T細胞に発現ベクターをトランスフェクトする工程を含み、
前記発現ベクターが、第1のCD8 + TCRをコードする核酸配列、および前記第1のCD8 + TCRをコードする前記核酸配列と動作可能に連結されたプロモーターを含み、
前記第1のCD8 + TCRは、MHC−E/ペプチド複合体を認識する第1の組のCD8 + T細胞を生成するのに有効な量のサイトメガロウイルス(CMV)ベクターが投与された第2の対象から得られた第2のCD8 + TCRのCDR3αおよびCDR3βを含み、
前記サイトメガロウイルス(CMV)ベクターは、
(a)少なくとも1つの異種抗原をコードする第1の核酸配列と;
(b)少なくとも1つの活性のあるUL40タンパク質、またはそのオーソログもしくはホモログをコードする第2の核酸配列と;
(c)少なくとも1つの活性のあるUS28タンパク質、またはそのオーソログもしくはホモログをコードする第3の核酸配列と、を含み;
(d)前記CMVベクターが、活性のあるUL128タンパク質、またはそのオーソログを発現せず、かつ活性のあるUL130タンパク質、またはそのオーソログを発現せず、それによって、MHC−E/ペプチド複合体を認識する1つまたは複数のトランスフェクトされたCD8 + T細胞を生成することを特徴とする方法。 - 前記少なくとも1つの異種抗原が、病原体特異的抗原、腫瘍抗原、組織特異的抗原、または宿主自己抗原を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記病原体特異的抗原が、ヒト免疫不全ウイルス、サル免疫不全ウイルス、単純ヘルペスウイルス、B型肝炎ウイルス、C型肝炎ウイルス、パピローマウイルス、プラスモディウム属寄生虫、および結核菌からなる群から選択される病原体に由来することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記腫瘍抗原が、急性骨髄性白血病、慢性骨髄性白血病、骨髄異形成症候群、急性リンパ芽球性白血病、慢性リンパ芽球性白血病、非ホジキンリンパ腫、多発性骨髄腫、悪性黒色腫、乳癌、肺癌、卵巣癌、前立腺癌、膵臓癌、結腸癌、腎細胞癌(RCC)、および胚細胞性腫瘍からなる群から選択される癌に関連していることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の方法。
- UL128もしくはUL130、またはそのオーソログをコードする核酸配列に1つまたは複数の変異が存在するために、前記CMVベクターが、活性のあるUL128もしくはUL130タンパク質、またはそのオーソログを発現しないことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- UL128もしくはUL130、またはそのオーソログをコードする核酸配列の前記1つまたは複数の変異が、点変異、フレームシフト変異、トランケーション変異、およびタンパク質をコードする核酸配列の全ての欠失からなる群から選択されることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記CMVベクターが、生体内での成長に必須であるか、必須でないか、またはそれを増強するウイルスタンパク質をコードする1つまたは複数のウイルス遺伝子において少なくとも1つの不活性化変異をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも1つの不活性化変異が、点変異、フレームシフト変異、トランケーション変異、および前記ウイルスタンパク質をコードする前記核酸配列の全ての欠失からなる群から選択されることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも1つの不活性化変異が、UL82(pp71)にあることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも1つの不活性化変異が、US11にあることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の対象が、ヒトまたは非ヒト霊長類であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
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WO2016130693A1 (en) | 2016-08-18 |
CN114317611A (zh) | 2022-04-12 |
KR20170136512A (ko) | 2017-12-11 |
AU2016219317A8 (en) | 2017-09-14 |
WO2016130693A9 (en) | 2016-09-15 |
MA41756A (fr) | 2017-12-20 |
IL253935A0 (en) | 2017-10-31 |
EP3256595A1 (en) | 2017-12-20 |
CA2976245A1 (en) | 2016-08-18 |
MX2017010027A (es) | 2018-08-15 |
EP3256595A4 (en) | 2018-09-26 |
EP4036239A1 (en) | 2022-08-03 |
HK1254041A1 (zh) | 2019-07-12 |
HK1247638A1 (zh) | 2018-09-28 |
CN108064304A (zh) | 2018-05-22 |
US20180298404A1 (en) | 2018-10-18 |
US20200392534A1 (en) | 2020-12-17 |
US11091779B2 (en) | 2021-08-17 |
JP2021121185A (ja) | 2021-08-26 |
JP2022166122A (ja) | 2022-11-01 |
AU2016219317A1 (en) | 2017-08-31 |
EA201791806A1 (ru) | 2017-12-29 |
JP2018510650A (ja) | 2018-04-19 |
SG11201706454VA (en) | 2017-09-28 |
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