JP6814155B2 - 対象とする細胞を選択的に除去する方法及び組成物 - Google Patents
対象とする細胞を選択的に除去する方法及び組成物 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本出願は、2014年12月12日出願の米国仮特許出願第62/091,431号に対する優先権を主張し、その開示を本明細書に参考として援用する。
モフィルス(Streptococcus thermophilus)のPAM配列は、NNAGGAAである。トレポネーマ・デンティコラ(Treponema denticola)のPAM配列は、NAAAACである。
2つの発現カセット、すなわちヒトコドン最適化S.ピオゲネスCas9発現カセット、及び単一のガイドRNAを発現するU6プロモーター駆動型カセットを含有するプラスミドpX330は、Addgene社から得られる(ID No:48140)。2つのCas9標的、T1及びT2(図2を参照)に対するガイドRNAをコードするDNA配列を、pX330プラスミドのガイドRNA発現カセットにそれぞれクローン化する(Ranら(2013年)Genome engineering using the CRISPR−Cas9 system、Nature Protocols 第8巻、2281〜2308頁を参照)。
HSV−TK遺伝子を含有する標的プラスミドを、MultiSite Gateway Three−Fragment Vector Construction Kit(Life Technologies社)を用いて調製する(Boudabe及びOkkenhaug(2013年)A protocol for construction of gene targeting vectors and generation of homologous recombination ES cells、Methods Mol Biol.第1064巻:337〜354頁を参照)。要約すれば、AAVS1遺伝子座周辺の配列に対応する5’ホモロジーアーム及び3’ホモロジーアームを、エントリーベクターにそれぞれ挿入する。HSV−TK遺伝子を、次に5’相同性アームを含有するエントリーベクターに挿入する。得られたエントリーベクターをデスティネーションベクターで組み換え、標的ベクターpTarget−HSV−TK−1を生成する。コントロールとして、5’及び3’相同性アームに隣接するGFP(緑色蛍光タンパク質)遺伝子を含む標的ベクターを生成する(pTarget−GFP)。コントロール標的ベクターも、GFP遺伝子の下流の3’に、IRES(配列内リボソーム進入部位)配列に続いてプロトスペーサー2配列を含有する。標的プラスミドを、ホモロジーアームの一方に近いベクターバックボーン内に存在する制限部位で1回切断することにより直鎖状にする。
HEK293T細胞(Life Technologies社)を製造業者の推奨に基づき維持し、またD10培地(GlutaMAX及び10%(vol/vol)FBSが補充されたDMEM培地)内で37℃及び5%CO2にて培養する。CRISPRプラスミド(500ng)及び直鎖状の標的プラスミド(500ng)を混合し、そしてAmaxa SF cell line 4D−Nucleofector X kit S(Lonza)を用いて、トランスフェクション溶液を調製する。トランスフェクション溶液を細胞に添加し、そしてAmaxa、CM−130(Lonza)を用いて細胞を電気穿孔する。
同時トランスフェクション後3日目に、G418(400μg/ml)を細胞培養物に添加して、標的ベクターを含有する細胞を選択する。選択から7日後に、細胞をクローン化し、増殖させる。HSV−TK遺伝子の挿入を確認するために、各クローンのAAVS1遺伝子座の配列を、PCR法又は配列決定法により決定する。結果は、T1及びT2の両方のgRNAは、相同的組換え及びHSV−TK遺伝子のAAVS1遺伝子座への挿入を誘発することができることを示す。コントロール標的ベクターの場合、GFP遺伝子がAAVS1に挿入された細胞を、同一のプロトコールを用いてクローン化する。
HSV−TK挿入物を含有するクローンのそれぞれについて、ガンシクロビル(0.5μg/ml)を添加する。3日後、HSV−TK含有クローンでは、生存細胞は見出されない。コントロールとして、ガンシクロビルは、GFP遺伝子が挿入された細胞において細胞死を誘発しない。自殺遺伝子が挿入された細胞の選択的除去を実証するために、HSV−TK挿入物を含有する細胞を、GFP遺伝子を含有する細胞と混合する。ガンシクロビルで処理した後、GFP発現細胞のみが細胞培養物中で生存する。
Claims (12)
- 対象における癌細胞を選択的に除去又は低減する方法に用いるための組成物であって、
(i)標的ポリヌクレオチド配列とハイブリダイズする能力を有するガイドRNA、ここで、
該標的ポリヌクレオチド配列は、前記対象の癌細胞のゲノム内に存在する標的遺伝子座に含まれるが、健常細胞のゲノム内には含まれず、
前記対象の癌細胞のゲノム内に存在する標的遺伝子座に含まれるが、健常細胞のゲノム内には含まれない前記標的ポリヌクレオチド配列は、染色体の再構成又は転座に起因する領域である、と、
(ii)Casタンパク質と、
(iii)自殺遺伝子と
を含み、
前記方法は、
a)前記対象の癌細胞のゲノム内に存在する前記標的遺伝子座を同定するステップであって、前記遺伝子座が、前記標的ポリヌクレオチド配列を含むが、健常細胞は、そのゲノム内に前記標的ポリヌクレオチド配列を含まないステップと、
b)前記組成物を前記対象に投与するステップと、
c)癌細胞のゲノム内に存在する遺伝子座に前記自殺遺伝子を組み込むステップと、
d)癌細胞の細胞死を誘発するステップと
を含む、組成物。 - a)癌細胞のゲノム内に存在する標的配列とハイブリダイズする能力を有するガイドRNA、ここで、
該標的配列は前記癌細胞に特異的であり、
前記癌細胞に特異的である前記標的配列は、染色体の再構成又は転座に起因する領域である、と、
b)Casタンパク質と、
c)自殺遺伝子をコードするポリヌクレオチドと
を含む組成物。 - Casタンパク質が、Cas9タンパク質である、請求項2に記載の組成物。
- 自殺遺伝子が、ウイルス性チミジンキナーゼ、シトシンデアミナーゼ、抗酸化系酵素に対する細胞内抗体、細菌性ニトロレダクターゼ、カスパーゼ、及びDNA分解酵素からなる群から選択される、請求項2に記載の組成物。
- 自殺遺伝子が、制御エレメントと作動可能に連結している、請求項2に記載の組成物。
- 制御エレメントが、癌特異的プロモーターである、請求項5に記載の組成物。
- a)癌細胞のゲノム内に存在する標的配列とハイブリダイズする能力を有するガイドRNAをコードする第1のヌクレオチド配列、ここで、
該標的配列は前記癌細胞に特異的であり、
前記癌細胞に特異的である前記標的配列は、染色体の再構成又は転座に起因する領域である、と、
b)Casタンパク質をコードする第2のヌクレオチド配列と、
c)自殺遺伝子をコードする第3のヌクレオチド配列と
を含む1つ又は複数のベクターを含み、第1、第2、及び第3のヌクレオチド配列が、同一の又は異なるベクター内にある組成物。 - Casタンパク質をコードする第2のヌクレオチド配列が、癌特異的プロモーターと作動可能に連結している、請求項7に記載の組成物。
- 請求項2から8のいずれかに記載の組成物を含む細胞。
- 標的細胞を、請求項2から8のいずれかに記載の組成物と接触させるステップを含むin vitro方法。
- 対象における癌を治療する方法に用いられる1つ又は複数のベクターであって、
a)癌細胞のゲノムに固有の標的配列とハイブリダイズする能力を有するガイドRNAをコードする第1のヌクレオチド配列、ここで、
前記癌細胞のゲノムに固有の前記標的配列は、染色体の再構成又は転座に起因する領域である、と、
b)Casタンパク質をコードする第2のヌクレオチド配列と、
c)自殺遺伝子をコードする第3のヌクレオチド配列と
を含み、第1、第2、及び第3のヌクレオチド配列が、同一の又は異なるベクター内にある、ベクター。 - 少なくとも第1の細胞と第2の細胞とを含む細胞集団内の第1の細胞を選択的に除去するin vitro方法であって、第1の細胞が癌細胞であり、
a)第1の細胞のゲノム内に存在する遺伝子座を同定するステップであって、前記遺伝子座が、ポリヌクレオチド配列を含み、第2の細胞が、そのゲノム内に前記ポリヌクレオチド配列を含まず、該ポリヌクレオチド配列が、染色体の再構成又は転座に起因する領域である、ステップと、
b)前記遺伝子座に自殺遺伝子を組み込んで、第1の細胞の細胞死を誘発するステップと
を含む方法。
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