JP6789451B1 - Hybrid field double gap synchronous machine and drive system - Google Patents

Abstract

The hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine (1) includes a first stator (10), a second stator (20), and a rotor (30). The rotor (30) is arranged between the first stator (10) and the second stator (20) with a gap, and rotates about the rotation axis (40). The first stator (10) includes a plurality of permanent magnets (12), a first field winding (13), and a plurality of polar teeth (11a). The second stator (20) includes a plurality of electromagnets (24) and a second field winding (23). The first field winding (13) is arranged between the plurality of permanent magnets (12) and the plurality of polar teeth (11a) and the axis of rotation (40). The second field winding (23) is arranged between the plurality of electromagnets (24) and the rotating shaft (40). A plurality of field magnetic poles are formed in the plurality of polar teeth (11a) by energizing each of the first field winding (13) and the second field winding (23) and the plurality of permanent magnets (12). To.

Description

The present disclosure relates to a hybrid field double gap synchronous machine and a drive system in which a rotor is provided between a first stator and a second stator.

Conventionally, a permanent magnet type rotary electric machine has been widely used as a drive motor. Drive motors used in EVs (Electric Vehicles) are required to have a wide operating range. In the low speed range, the magnet field is strengthened to output high torque, and in the high speed range, voltage saturation is relaxed. It is required to weaken the field of the magnet.

Therefore, a technique has been developed for a variable field motor capable of realizing a wide operating range by combining a magnet and a field winding and adjusting the field amount according to an operating point. As such a variable field motor, Patent Document 1 describes a hybrid field in which a rotor is provided between a first stator having a field winding and a permanent magnet and a second stator having a plurality of electromagnets. A magnetic double gap synchronizer is known.

JP-A-2019-149891

However, in the technique described in Patent Document 1, in the first stator, field magnetic poles are arranged on the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side of one annular field winding. Therefore, the path of the magnetic flux due to the field current supplied to the field winding is the field pole, the iron piece of the rotor, the second stator, the iron piece of the rotor, and the iron piece of the rotor arranged on the outer peripheral side of the field winding. Since the path passes through the field magnetic poles arranged on the inner peripheral side of the field winding in order, the area where the magnetic flux passes through the iron core of the rotor is smaller than the area of the iron core of the rotor. Therefore, there is a problem that the field magnetic flux generated by the field winding is low and the adjustment range of the field amount according to the operating point is small.

The present disclosure has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to obtain a hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine capable of increasing the adjustment range of the field amount.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems and achieve the object, the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine according to the present disclosure includes a first stator, a second stator, and a rotor. The second stator faces the first stator. The rotor is arranged between the first stator and the second stator through a gap and rotates about a rotation axis. The first stator comprises a plurality of permanent magnets, a first field winding, and a plurality of polar teeth. The first field winding is formed in an annular shape. The plurality of polar teeth are arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotation axis. The second stator comprises a plurality of electromagnets and a second field winding. The plurality of electromagnets include a tooth and an armature winding mounted on the tooth, and are arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotation axis. The second field winding is formed in an annular shape. The first field winding is arranged between the plurality of permanent magnets and the plurality of pole teeth and the rotation axis on the same plane perpendicular to the rotation axis. The second field winding is arranged between the plurality of electromagnets and the rotating shaft on the same plane perpendicular to the rotating shaft. A plurality of field magnetic poles are formed in a plurality of pole teeth by energizing the first field winding and the second field winding and a plurality of permanent magnets. Each of the field poles is formed by only one permanent magnet of the plurality of permanent magnets or one pole tooth of the plurality of pole teeth, and one permanent magnet and one pole tooth are arranged in the circumferential direction. A plurality of field magnetic poles are formed by alternately arranging them at intervals. A plurality of permanent magnets have the same polarity with each other.

The hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine according to the present disclosure has an effect that the adjustment range of the field amount can be increased.

Perspective view showing an example of the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine according to the first embodiment. An exploded perspective view of the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine according to the first embodiment. A perspective view showing an example of the configuration of the first stator according to the first embodiment. A perspective view showing a state in which a rotating shaft is connected to the first stator shown in FIG. 3 via a bearing. A perspective view showing an example of the configuration of the second stator according to the first embodiment. A perspective view showing an example of a rotor having a configuration different from that shown in FIG. A perspective view showing another example of a rotor having a configuration different from that shown in FIG. A perspective view showing still another example of a rotor having a configuration different from that shown in FIG. The figure which shows an example of the drive system including the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine which concerns on Embodiment 1. The figure for demonstrating the relative angle between the polar teeth of the 1st stator and the teeth of a 2nd stator according to Embodiment 1. The figure for demonstrating the magnetic path of the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine in the case where the 1st field winding and the 2nd field winding are energized according to Embodiment 1. The figure which shows an example of the back electromotive force generated in the armature winding in the 2nd stator which concerns on Embodiment 1.

Hereinafter, the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine and the drive system according to the embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The present disclosure is not limited by this embodiment.

Embodiment 1.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine according to the first embodiment.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1 includes a first stator 10, a second stator 20, a rotor 30, and a rotating shaft 40. The first stator 10 and the second stator 20 face each other in the extending direction of the rotating shaft 40. Hereinafter, the extending direction of the rotating shaft 40 may be described as the rotating shaft direction.

The rotor 30 is arranged at an intermediate position between the first stator 10 and the second stator 20 in the rotation axis direction. The rotor 30 is fixed to the rotating shaft 40 and rotates about the rotating shaft 40. The rotor 30 is rotatably supported by a housing (not shown). A gap is provided between the first stator 10 and the rotor 30, and a gap is also provided between the rotor 30 and the second stator 20. In this way, the rotor 30 faces each of the first stator 10 and the second stator 20 via a gap in the rotation axis direction.

Each of the first stator 10, the second stator 20, and the rotor 30 is formed in a cylindrical shape. Each of the first stator 10 and the second stator 20 is attached to the rotating shaft 40 via the corresponding bearing 50 of the two bearings 50. In FIG. 2, the bearing 50 provided between the first stator 10 and the rotating shaft 40 is in an invisible position.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an example of the configuration of the first stator according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 3, the first stator 10 includes a first stator core 11, a plurality of permanent magnets 12, and a first field winding 13.

The first stator core 11 is formed by laminating a plurality of electromagnetic steel sheets. The plurality of electromagnetic steel sheets constituting the first stator core 11 are laminated in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 40 so as not to interfere with the magnetic flux in the rotating shaft direction, for example. The first stator core 11 may be composed of a plurality of electromagnetic steel sheets laminated in the rotation axis direction. The circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 40 is the rotating direction of the rotor 30, and may be simply referred to as the circumferential direction below.

The first stator core 11 includes a plurality of polar teeth 11a arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction, and a core back portion 11b connecting the plurality of polar teeth 11a. The plurality of polar teeth 11a are arranged side by side in the circumferential direction. Each pole tooth 11a has a shape protruding in the direction of the rotation axis, and is not divided in the radial direction. Further, the plurality of polar teeth 11a may be individual parts, or may be an integral part obtained by processing a single core.

Each pole tooth 11a has a longer circumferential length in the outer peripheral region than the inner peripheral region when viewed from the rotation axis direction. In other words, each pole tooth 11a has a shape in which the length in the circumferential direction becomes longer as the distance from the rotation axis 40 when viewed from the rotation axis direction.

The core back portion 11b of the first stator core 11 is made of a soft magnetic material, so that the magnetic flux can move in the direction along the plane perpendicular to the rotation axis direction. The material of the first stator core 11 can also be an isotropic magnetic material such as amorphos. By using an isotropic magnetic material for the first stator core 11, iron loss in the first stator core 11 can be reduced.

Permanent magnets 12 are arranged on every other polar tooth 11a in the circumferential direction among the plurality of polar teeth 11a arranged in the circumferential direction. That is, in the first stator core 11, the polar teeth 11a on which the permanent magnet 12 is arranged and the polar teeth 11a on which the permanent magnet 12 is not arranged are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction. The magnetic poles of the plurality of permanent magnets 12 all have the same polarity, and in the example shown in FIG. 3, they are all N poles. In the plurality of polar teeth 11a on which the permanent magnets 12 are not arranged, the polarity is S due to the energization of each of the first field winding 13 and the second field winding 23 described later and the plurality of permanent magnets 12. A field pole, which is a pole, is formed. When the permanent magnet 12 has an S pole, the plurality of pole teeth 11a on which the permanent magnet 12 is not arranged are energized in each of the first field winding 13 and the second field winding 23. A field magnetic pole having a polarity of N pole is formed by the plurality of permanent magnets 12.

Each permanent magnet 12 is a sintered magnet such as a neodymium magnet or a ferrite magnet. Further, the height of the polar teeth 11a in which the permanent magnet 12 is arranged in the rotation axis direction is higher in the rotation axis direction of the permanent magnet 12 than the height in the rotation axis direction of the polar teeth 11a in which the permanent magnet 12 is not arranged. It is desirable that it is lower by the amount. That is, it is desirable that the height of the combination of the permanent magnet 12 and the pole teeth 11a in the rotation axis direction is the same as the height of the pole teeth 11a in which the permanent magnet 12 is not arranged in the rotation axis direction. As a result, the distance of the gap between the field pole formed on the first stator 10 and the rotor 30 can be made uniform. Further, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 12 is interlinked with the polar teeth 11a to form a pseudo pole on the polar teeth 11a.

The field pole forming portion 14 is formed by the polar teeth 11a facing each other in the rotation axis direction and the permanent magnet 12. That is, the field pole forming portion 14 is formed by the polar teeth 11a on which the permanent magnet 12 is arranged and the permanent magnet 12. The field pole forming portion 14 forms a field pole by the magnetic poles of the polar teeth 11a and the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet 12. In this way, in the field pole forming portion 14, the polar teeth 11a and the permanent magnet 12 form a common field pole.

Further, the first field winding 13 is formed in an annular shape, and is arranged at a position closer to the rotation axis 40 than each of the plurality of permanent magnets 12 and the plurality of polar teeth 11a in the rotation axis direction. .. More specifically, the first field winding 13 is arranged between the plurality of permanent magnets 12, the plurality of polar teeth 11a, and the rotating shaft 40. As a result, the limited volume can be effectively used in the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1. Further, since the first field winding 13 is formed in an annular shape, it is easy to manufacture.

Further, in the first field winding 13, the polar teeth 11a and the permanent magnet 12 are arranged without being divided in the radial direction. Therefore, for example, the first stator 10 has the polar teeth 11a with respect to the gap surface with the rotor 30 as compared with the case where the field winding is arranged between the polar teeth divided in the radial direction. And the area of the permanent magnet 12 can be increased.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a state in which a rotating shaft is connected to the first stator shown in FIG. 3 via a bearing. As shown in FIG. 4, the first stator 10 is connected to the rotating shaft 40 via the bearing 50. Since an axial force is applied to the rotating shaft 40, the rotating shaft 40 is made of a soft magnetic material such as iron. Further, in addition to the magnetic flux due to the permanent magnet 12, the magnetic flux due to the first field winding 13 and the magnetic flux of the second field winding 23, which will be described later, pass through the rotating shaft 40 in the direction of the rotating axis, so that the rotating shaft 40 is magnetically saturated. Has a sufficient diameter so that

Next, the second stator 20 will be described. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an example of the configuration of the second stator according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 5, the second stator 20 includes a second stator core 21, a plurality of armature windings 22, and a second field winding 23.

The second stator core 21 includes a plurality of teeth 21a divided in the circumferential direction and a yoke portion 21b for connecting the plurality of teeth 21a. The electromagnet 24 is formed by the corresponding teeth 21a of the plurality of teeth 21a and the corresponding armature windings 22 of the plurality of armature windings 22.

The plurality of electromagnetic steel plates constituting the plurality of teeth 21a are laminated in the circumferential direction. Further, the yoke portions 21b are laminated in the rotation axis direction. In the examples shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, the plurality of teeth 21a and the yoke portion 21b are formed separately from each other, but the plurality of teeth 21a and the yoke portion 21b are formed by using a dust core or the like. It may be formed as an integral part.

Each of the plurality of armature windings 22 is mounted on the corresponding teeth 21a of the plurality of teeth 21a in a state where the axial direction of the winding is aligned with the rotation axis direction. The plurality of armature windings 22 are three-phase armature windings, and include each of a plurality of U-phase armature windings 22, V-phase armature windings 22, and W-phase armature windings 22. .. The U-phase armature winding 22, the V-phase armature winding 22, and the W-phase armature winding 22 are repeatedly mounted on the plurality of teeth 21a in the circumferential direction. Since the plurality of armature windings 22 are separate bodies, each of the plurality of air-core armature windings 22 formed by a winding jig or the like is attached to the corresponding teeth 21a among the plurality of teeth 21a. Later, a plurality of armature windings 22 can be connected.

The second field winding 23 is arranged at a position closer to the rotation shaft 40 than the plurality of electromagnets 24. More specifically, the second field winding 23 is arranged between the plurality of electromagnets 24 and the rotating shaft 40. As a result, the limited volume can be effectively used in the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1. Further, the second field winding 23 is formed as an air-core winding by a winding jig or the like like the armature winding 22, and is mounted on the second stator 20. Good.

Next, the configuration of the rotor will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, the rotor 30 is a non-magnetic holding disk that holds a plurality of iron pieces 31 arranged in the circumferential direction and forming corresponding salient poles among the plurality of salient poles, and a plurality of iron pieces 31. 32 and.

The iron piece 31 is made of a magnetic material, and is composed of, for example, a plurality of electromagnetic steel sheets. These plurality of electromagnetic steel sheets are laminated in the circumferential direction, for example. Further, the iron piece 31 may be composed of a dust core for the purpose of reducing the iron loss generated in the iron piece 31. The number of iron pieces 31 is the same as the number of salient poles, but is not limited to the example shown in FIG.

The holding disk 32 is made of a non-magnetic material, for example, a high-strength resin or the like. When the holding disc 32 is required to have rigidity, the holding disc 32 may be made of a non-magnetic metal such as a stainless steel material. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the thickness of the holding disc 32 in the rotation axis direction is the same as the thickness of the plurality of iron pieces 31 in the rotation axis direction.

Further, a plurality of slits 33 are formed in the holding disk 32. Each of the plurality of slits 33 is formed from the outer peripheral edge of the holding disk 32 to the corresponding iron piece 31 of the plurality of iron pieces 31. The plurality of slits 33 can suppress the generation of eddy currents in the holding disc 32.

The configuration of the rotor 30 is not limited to the example shown in FIG. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing an example of a rotor having a configuration different from that of the rotor shown in FIG. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing another example of a rotor having a configuration different from that of the rotor shown in FIG. FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing still another example of a rotor having a configuration different from that of the rotor shown in FIG.

In the rotor 30 shown in FIG. 6, the thickness of the holding disc 32 in the rotation axis direction is thinner than the thickness of the plurality of iron pieces 31 in the rotation axis direction. As a result, the generation of eddy current can be suppressed even if the holding disk 32 is made of metal. The holding disc 32 of the rotor 30 shown in FIG. 6 is not provided with the plurality of slits 33 shown in FIG.

Further, in the rotor 30 shown in FIG. 7, each side of the portion of each of the plurality of iron pieces 31 protruding from the holding disc 32 is chamfered. As a result, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of iron loss that occurs at the corners of the iron piece 31. The holding disc 32 of the rotor 30 shown in FIG. 6 is not provided with the plurality of slits 33 shown in FIG. Further, in the rotor 30 shown in FIG. 7, the thickness of the holding disc 32 in the rotation axis direction is thinner than the thickness of the plurality of iron pieces 31 in the rotation axis direction.

Further, in the rotor 30 shown in FIG. 8, the holding disk 32 is formed of a non-magnetic metal, and as shown in FIG. 8, each of the holding disk 32 extends from the outer peripheral edge of the holding disk 32 to the corresponding iron piece 31 among the plurality of iron pieces 31. A plurality of formed slits 33 are provided. As a result, the generation of eddy current can be suppressed in the holding disk 32. In the rotor 30 shown in FIG. 8, the thickness of the holding disc 32 in the rotation axis direction is thinner than the thickness of the plurality of iron pieces 31 in the rotation axis direction, and each of the plurality of iron pieces 31 protrudes from the holding disc 32. Each side of is chamfered.

Next, a drive system including a drive circuit for supplying electric power to the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine according to the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of a drive system including the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine according to the first embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 9, the drive system 100 according to the first embodiment includes a hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1 and a drive circuit 110 for driving the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1. The drive circuit 110 includes a DC power supply 111, an inverter circuit 112, and a three-phase AC power supply 113. The first field winding 13 and the second field winding 23 of the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1 are connected in series, and the field current If is supplied from the DC power supply 111. The first field winding 13 and the second field winding 23 are wound in the same direction as viewed from the rotation axis direction.

In the second stator 20, the U-phase armature winding 22, the V-phase armature winding 22, and the W-phase armature winding 22 are connected by a Y connection. An armature current is supplied to the armature winding 22 from the inverter circuit 112. The inverter circuit 112 is connected to the three-phase AC power supply 113 and supplies armature current to the plurality of armature windings 22 based on the electric power supplied from the three-phase AC power supply 113. The electric power to the inverter circuit 112 may be supplied from a battery which is a DC power source.

Next, the operation of the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1 will be described. Here, the operation of the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1 when the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1 operates as an electric motor will be described.

First, the field magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 12 will be described. The first stator 10 has a first field winding 13 and the second stator 20 has a second field winding 23, whereas the first stator 10 is a permanent source. Includes magnet 12. Therefore, in the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1, a field magnetic flux is generated by the permanent magnet 12 regardless of whether or not the first field winding 13 and the second field winding 23 are energized.

The field magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 12 passes through the iron piece 31 of the rotor 30 through the gap between the first stator 10 and the rotor 30. On the other hand, the field magnetic flux generated by the first field winding 13 and the second field winding 23 passes through a magnetic path avoiding the positions of the permanent magnets 12. Therefore, the magnetomotive force of the first field winding 13 and the second field winding 23 and the magnetomotive force of the permanent magnet 12 are parallel in the magnetic circuit.

In the first stator 10, polar teeth 11a on which the permanent magnets 12 are arranged and polar teeth 11a on which the permanent magnets 12 are not arranged are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, and the number of permanent magnets 12 is shown in FIG. In the example shown in FIG. 4, the number is six. Since the field magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 12 passes through a path returning to the permanent magnet 12 via the polar teeth 11a on which the permanent magnet 12 is not arranged, the field magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 12 causes 12 in the first stator 10. A field pole of the pole is formed.

Here, the relative angle α between the polar teeth 11a of the first stator 10 and the teeth 21a of the second stator 20 will be described. FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the relative angle between the polar teeth of the first stator and the teeth of the second stator according to the first embodiment.

In FIG. 10, the virtual line L1 is a straight line including a line connecting the rotation center of the rotation shaft 40 and the center in the circumferential direction of the pole teeth 11a, and the pole teeth 11a extends in the radial direction of the first stator 10. Indicates the direction to do. The virtual line L2 is a straight line including a line connecting the rotation center of the rotation shaft 40 and the center in the circumferential direction of the teeth 21a, and indicates a direction in which the teeth 21a extends in the radial direction of the second stator 20. The relative angle α between the polar teeth 11a of the first stator 10 and the teeth 21a of the second stator 20 indicates the angle formed by the virtual line L1 and the virtual line L2 when viewed from the direction of the rotation axis.

In the example shown in FIG. 10, the relative angle α is 0 [deg]. When the relative angle α is 0 [deg], the polar teeth 11a of the first stator 10 and the teeth 21a of the second stator 20 are at positions facing each other in the rotation axis direction.

The relative angle α is not limited to 0 [deg]. That is, the polar teeth 11a of the first stator 10 and the teeth 21a of the second stator 20 may be at positions offset from each other when viewed from the direction of the rotation axis. Since the gap permeance is changed by changing the relative angle α, the distortion of the counter electromotive voltage can be improved or the cogging torque can be reduced by adjusting the relative angle α, and the average torque can be improved.

Next, the operation of the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1 when the first field winding 13 and the second field winding 23 are energized will be described. FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining the magnetic path of the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine in the case where the first field winding and the second field winding according to the first embodiment are energized. is there.

As described above, the first field winding 13 and the second field winding 23 are wound in the same direction as viewed from the rotation axis direction. Therefore, when the field current If, which is a direct current, is supplied to the first field winding 13 and the second field winding 23, the first field winding 13 and the second field winding 23 The wire 23 generates a field magnetic flux in the direction of the rotation axis.

As shown in FIG. 11, the field magnetic flux generated by the first field winding 13 and the second field winding 23 passes through the rotating shaft 40, and the core back portion 11b of the first stator 10 Interlinks to the polar teeth 11a via. As described above, since the region on the rotation axis 40 side of the inner circumference of the first field winding 13 can be effectively used as the magnetic path, the area of the magnetic path can be widened with respect to the field magnetic flux. The magnetic resistance can be reduced. Further, the polar teeth 11a also serves as a magnetic path for the field magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 12.

In the gap between the first stator 10 and the rotor 30, the field magnetic flux generated by the first field winding 13 and the second field winding 23 and the field magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 12 A plurality of field magnetic poles are formed in the first stator 10 by interlinking in parallel. In the examples shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a 12-pole field pole is formed in the first stator 10.

As shown in FIG. 11, the 12-pole field pole formed on the first stator 10 is modulated when passing through a plurality of iron pieces 31 forming 10 salient poles on the rotor 30. As a result, an 8-pole magnetic pole is formed on the rotor 30. Further, when a current is supplied to each armature winding 22 in the second stator 20, a rotating magnetic field is generated in the gap between the second stator 20 and the rotor 30. When such a rotating magnetic field synchronizes with the field magnetic pole, torque is generated in the rotor 30, and the rotor 30 rotates.

Here, the number of poles of the field magnetic pole formed on the first stator 10 is 12. Therefore, the pole logarithm Pf of the field magnetic pole is 6. Further, the pole logarithm Pa of the rotating magnetic field generated in the gap by the armature winding 22 is 4. Further, the number Pr of the salient poles of the rotor 30 is 10. Specifically, the number of pole pairs of the salient poles of the rotor 30 is 10, and the number of poles is 20. Therefore, in the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1 of the first embodiment, the relationship of Pr = Pa + Pf is satisfied. The hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1 can increase the torque when the relationship of Pr = Pa + Pf is satisfied. The pole logarithm Pf of the field magnetic field, the pole logarithm Pa of the rotating magnetic field, and the number Pr of the salient poles of the rotor 30 are not limited to the above-mentioned examples.

Next, in the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1, the influence on the electromagnetic performance by changing the field current If will be described. Here, the polarity of each permanent magnet 12 is set to N pole. Further, the polarity of the magnetic poles formed on the pole teeth 11a of the field pole forming portion 14 by the field magnetic fluxes of the first field winding 13 and the second field winding 23 to which the field current If is supplied is the field. The direction of the field current If, which is the same as the polarity of the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet 12 of the magnetic pole forming portion 14, is the positive direction.

When the rotation speed of the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1 is low and a large torque is required, the drive circuit 110 has a positive field in the first field winding 13 and the second field winding 23. A magnetic current If is applied. As a result, a field magnetic flux is generated in the direction in which the S pole is generated on both sides of the teeth 21a in the circumferential direction in which the permanent magnets 12 which are the N poles are arranged. As a result, the magnetomotive force of the N pole increases, so that the field magnetic flux increases, and as a result, the torque increases.

When the rotor 30 rotates, a counter electromotive voltage is generated in the armature winding 22 due to the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 12. The counter electromotive voltage generated in the armature winding 22 increases as the rotation speed of the rotor 30 increases. When the rotation speed of the rotor 30 is in the high speed range, the voltage between the terminals of the armature winding 22 increases due to the counter electromotive voltage. Therefore, voltage saturation occurs in the armature winding 22, and it is difficult to pass an armature current larger than that in the armature winding 22.

Therefore, it is necessary to weaken the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 12. Generally, the counter electromotive voltage can be reduced by passing a current through the armature winding 22 in the direction of weakening the field magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 12. However, the amount of current flowing through the armature winding 22 in the direction of weakening the field magnetic flux by the permanent magnet 12 is limited due to restrictions such as copper loss and power supply capacity.

Therefore, when the rotation speed of the rotor 30 is in the high speed range, the drive circuit 110 causes the field current If in the negative direction to flow through the first field winding 13 and the second field winding 23. As a result, a field magnetic flux is generated in the direction in which the N poles are generated in the teeth 21a on both sides in the circumferential direction of the teeth 21a provided with the permanent magnets 12 having the N poles. Since the field magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 12 forms an S pole at the pole teeth 11a, the magnetomotive force at each field magnetic pole decreases. As a result, the field magnetic flux is reduced and the voltage saturation is eliminated, and the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1 can generate torque in a high speed range.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of a counter electromotive voltage generated in the armature winding in the second stator according to the first embodiment. In the example shown in FIG. 12, the counter electromotive voltage generated in the armature winding 22 is graphed when the field current If is 2.51 [A], 0 [A], and −2.51 [A]. Indicated by. In FIG. 12, the vertical axis represents the counter electromotive voltage [V] generated in the armature winding 22, and the horizontal axis represents the time [ms].

As shown in FIG. 12, by passing a field current If in the positive direction through the first field winding 13 and the second field winding 23, the field magnetic flux due to the permanent magnet 12 and the first field are magnetic. The field magnetic flux generated by the winding 13 and the second field winding 23 strengthens each other, and the countercurrent voltage increases. Further, by passing a field current If in the negative direction through the first field winding 13 and the second field winding 23, the field magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 12 and the first field winding 13 and the first field winding 13 and the first field winding 23 are passed. The field magnetic flux due to the field winding 23 of No. 2 weakens each other, the countercurrent voltage decreases, and the change width of the countercurrent voltage is small. Therefore, in the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1, voltage saturation is eliminated and torque in a high speed range can be generated.

In this way, in the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1, the field magnetic flux is increased or decreased by adjusting the field current If flowing through the first field winding 13 and the second field winding 23. be able to.

As described above, in the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1 according to the first embodiment, the first stator 10, the second stator 20 facing the first stator 10, and the first stator 1 A rotor 30 is provided between the stator 10 and the second stator 20 via a gap. The rotor 30 rotates about a rotation shaft 40. The first stator 10 includes a plurality of permanent magnets 12, a first field winding 13 formed in an annular shape, and a plurality of polar teeth 11a arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotation shaft 40. The second stator 20 includes a tooth 21a and an armature winding 22 mounted on the tooth 21a, a plurality of electromagnets 24 arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotation shaft 40, and a second field formed in an annular shape. It includes a magnetic winding 23. The first field winding 13 is arranged between the plurality of permanent magnets 12, the plurality of polar teeth 11a, and the rotating shaft 40, and the second field winding 23 rotates with the plurality of electromagnets 24. It is arranged between the shaft 40 and the shaft 40. A plurality of field magnetic poles are formed in the plurality of pole teeth 11a by energizing each of the first field winding 13 and the second field winding 23 and the plurality of permanent magnets 12. As a result, the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1 can effectively use the region on the rotation shaft 40 side of the inner circumferences of the first field winding 13 and the second field winding 23 as a magnetic path. .. Therefore, the area of the magnetic path can be widened with respect to the field magnetic flux, and the volume of the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1 can be effectively used. Further, since the region on the rotation axis 40 side of the inner circumferences of the first field winding 13 and the second field winding 23 can be effectively used as a magnetic path, the field magnetic flux due to the permanent magnet 12 and the first field magnetic flux The area through which the field magnetic fluxes of the field winding 13 and the field magnetic flux of the second field winding 23 pass through each iron piece 31 of the rotor 30 is large. Therefore, in the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1, the field magnetic flux generated by the first field winding 13 and the second field winding 23 can be increased, and the field amount can be adjusted according to the operating point. The width can be increased.

Further, the plurality of permanent magnets 12 and the plurality of polar teeth 11a are not divided in the radial direction of the rotating shaft 40. The rotating shaft 40 constitutes a part of the magnetic path of the field magnetic flux formed by the plurality of permanent magnets 12, the first field winding 13, and the second field winding 23. As described above, in the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1, the plurality of permanent magnets 12 and the plurality of polar teeth 11a are not divided in the radial direction of the rotation shaft 40. Therefore, the first stator 10 has a plurality of permanent magnets 12 with respect to the gap surface with the rotor 30 as compared with the case where the field windings are arranged between the polar teeth divided in the radial direction. And the area of each of the plurality of polar teeth 11a can be increased. As a result, the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1 can increase the field magnetic flux generated by the first field winding 13 and the second field winding 23, and the field amount according to the operating point can be increased. The adjustment range can be increased.

Further, the plurality of permanent magnets 12 are arranged in the plurality of pole teeth 11a arranged every other in the circumferential direction of the rotation shaft 40 among the plurality of pole teeth 11a, and face the rotor 30. As a result, the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1 can form field magnetic poles on the plurality of polar teeth 11a by the magnetic fluxes of the plurality of permanent magnets 12.

Further, the polarities of the plurality of permanent magnets 12 are the same as each other, and among the plurality of polar teeth 11a, the plurality of polar teeth 11a in which the plurality of permanent magnets 12 are not arranged have a plurality of polarities different from the polarities of the plurality of permanent magnets 12. Field poles are formed. As a result, the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1 can increase the field magnetic flux and can increase the adjustment range of the field amount according to the operating point.

Further, the rotor 30 includes a plurality of iron pieces 31 that are arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotation shaft 40 to form a plurality of salient poles, and a non-magnetic holding disk 32 that holds the plurality of iron pieces 31. The thickness of the holding disc 32 in the rotation axis direction, which is the extending direction of the rotation axis 40, is thinner than the thickness of the plurality of iron pieces 31 in the rotation axis direction. As a result, the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1 can suppress the generation of eddy current even if the holding disk 32 is made of metal, for example.

Further, each side of the portion of the plurality of iron pieces 31 protruding from the holding disk 32 is chamfered. As a result, the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1 can suppress the occurrence of iron loss generated at the corners of the iron piece 31.

Further, the holding disk 32 is formed of a non-magnetic metal, and includes a plurality of slits 33 formed from the outer peripheral edge of the holding disk 32 to the corresponding iron pieces 31 among the plurality of iron pieces 31. As a result, the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1 can suppress the generation of eddy current in the holding disk 32.

Further, each of the plurality of polar teeth 11a is arranged at a position facing the teeth 21a of the corresponding electromagnet 24 in the rotation axis direction among the plurality of electromagnets 24. As a result, the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1 forms a magnetic path along the rotation axis direction between each of the plurality of polar teeth 11a and the teeth 21a of the corresponding electromagnet 24 among the plurality of electromagnets 24. be able to.

Further, each of the plurality of polar teeth 11a is arranged at a position deviated from the position opposite to the teeth 21a of the corresponding electromagnet 24 in the rotation axis direction among the plurality of electromagnets 24. As a result, in the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1, since the gap permeance changes, the distortion of the counter electromotive voltage can be improved or the cogging torque can be reduced, and the average torque can be improved.

Further, the drive system 100 according to the first embodiment includes a hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1 and a drive circuit for driving the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1. The drive circuit 110 changes the polarity of the field current If flowing through the first field winding 13 and the second field winding 23 according to the rotation speed of the rotor 30. The field current If is an example of a direct current. As a result, the drive system 100 can increase the adjustment range of the field amount.

The configuration shown in the above-described embodiment shows an example, and can be combined with another known technique, can be combined with each other, and does not deviate from the gist. It is also possible to omit or change a part of the configuration.

1 Hybrid field double gap synchronous machine, 10 1st stator, 11 1st stator core, 11a pole teeth, 11b core back part, 12 permanent electromagnet, 13 1st field winding, 14 field magnetic pole Forming part, 20 2nd stator, 21 2nd stator core, 21a teeth, 21b yoke part, 22 armor winding, 23 2nd field winding, 24 electromagnet, 30 rotor, 31 iron piece, 32 holding disk, 33 slits, 40 rotating shafts, 50 bearings, 100 drive system, 110 drive circuit, 111 DC power supply, 112 inverter circuit, 113 3-phase AC power supply.

Claims (8)

With the first stator,
A second stator facing the first stator,
A rotor provided with a rotor arranged between the first stator and the second stator via a gap and rotating about a rotation axis.
The first stator is
With multiple permanent magnets,
The first field winding formed in an annular shape,
With a plurality of polar teeth arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotation axis,
The second stator is
A plurality of electromagnets lined up in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft, including a tooth and an armature winding mounted on the tooth, respectively.
With a second field winding formed in an annular shape,
The first field winding is
The plurality of permanent magnets and the plurality of polar teeth are arranged between the rotation axis and the same plane perpendicular to the rotation axis.
The second field winding is
It is arranged between the plurality of electromagnets and the rotation axis on the same plane perpendicular to the rotation axis.
A plurality of field magnetic poles are formed in the plurality of pole teeth by energizing each of the first field winding and the second field winding and the plurality of permanent magnets .
Each of the plurality of field magnetic poles is formed by only one permanent magnet of the plurality of permanent magnets or one pole tooth of the plurality of polar teeth, and the one permanent magnet and the one pole tooth are formed. And are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction at intervals to form the plurality of field magnetic poles.
A hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine characterized in that the plurality of permanent magnets have the same polarity with each other . The first field winding and the second field winding are wound in the same direction, and the first field winding and the second field winding are connected in series. Be done
The hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine according to claim 1, wherein the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine is characterized in that. The rotor
A plurality of iron pieces arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotation axis to form a plurality of salient poles, and
A non-magnetic holding disc for holding the plurality of iron pieces is provided.
The hybrid field double gap according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the thickness of the holding disk in the extending direction of the rotating shaft is thinner than the thickness of the plurality of iron pieces in the extending direction of the rotating shaft. Synchronous machine. The rotor
A plurality of iron pieces arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotation axis to form a plurality of salient poles, and
A non-magnetic holding disc for holding the plurality of iron pieces is provided.
Each of the plurality of iron pieces
The hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein each side of a portion protruding from the holding disk is chamfered. The rotor
A plurality of iron pieces arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotation axis to form a plurality of salient poles, and
A non-magnetic holding disc for holding the plurality of iron pieces is provided.
The holding disc is
The hybrid field according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a plurality of slits formed of a non-magnetic metal and formed from the outer peripheral edge of the holding disk to the corresponding iron pieces among the plurality of iron pieces. Type double gap synchronous machine. Each of the plurality of polar teeth
The hybrid field double according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the electromagnets are arranged at positions facing each other in the extending direction of the rotating shaft from the teeth of the corresponding electromagnets among the plurality of electromagnets. Gap synchronous machine. Each of the plurality of polar teeth
The hybrid according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein the electromagnet is arranged at a position deviated from a position opposite to the tooth of the corresponding electromagnet in the extending direction of the rotating shaft. Field type double gap synchronous machine. The hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine according to any one of claims 1 to 7 .
A drive circuit for driving the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine is provided.
The drive circuit
A drive system characterized in that the polarity of a direct current flowing through the first field winding and the second field winding is changed according to the rotation speed of the rotor.

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