JP2012182945A - Rotary electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rotary electric machine that effectively ensures area of gaps between field cores and field magnetic path forming portions facing the field cores.SOLUTION: A stator is arranged on a radially outer side of a rotor having rotor teeth. Energization of field coils 72 and 82 generates field magnetic fluxes in respective field cores 71 and 81. The field magnetic fluxes allow respective field poles to form field magnetic paths between the field cores 71 and 81 and, at least, the rotor and the stator. Air gaps between the field cores 71 and 81 of the field poles and field magnetic path forming portions that face the field cores 71 and 81 include axial gaps (Ga1, Ga2, Ga3, and Ga4) and radial gaps (Gr1, Gr2, Gr3, and Gr4).

Description

  The present invention relates to a rotating electrical machine.

  Conventionally, a permanent magnet synchronous motor in which a permanent magnet is disposed on a rotor has been used as a drive source in various fields such as an electric vehicle and a hybrid vehicle. In such a permanent magnet synchronous motor, it is proposed to obtain a large torque by performing strong field control, while reducing the amount of magnetic flux generated between the stator and the rotor by performing field weakening control and improving the maximum rotational speed. (For example, Patent Document 1).

  In Patent Document 1, an annular field magnetic path is formed by a rotor, a stator, and a field core by energizing a field coil disposed in the field core. For this reason, the amount of magnetic flux passing through the rotor can be effectively changed in accordance with the change in the amount of current flowing through the field coil. Therefore, by controlling the energization of the field coil, the strong field control and the weak field control can be performed, and a large torque can be obtained and the maximum rotational speed can be improved.

JP 2008-43099 A

  By the way, in the winding field type synchronous motor (magnetless winding field type synchronous motor) which does not use a permanent magnet as described above, a magnetic field is used to flow a magnetic flux three-dimensionally. . At this time, in addition to the gap between the rotor and the stator, there is also a gap (gap) between the field core and the rotor, and securing this gap area is a problem.

  The objective of this invention is providing the rotary electric machine which can ensure efficiently the gap area of a field core and the field magnetic path formation part facing a field core.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the rotor is rotatably supported and has a magnetic convex pole portion, the stator disposed radially outside the convex pole portion of the rotor, and the energization of the field coil. A rotating electric machine comprising a field magnetic pole that forms a field magnetic path formed by a field magnetic flux generated in a field core and at least the rotor and the stator, and the field core of the field pole The gist of the present invention is that the gap between the field magnetic path forming portion facing the field core is composed of an axial gap and a radial gap.

  Here, the magnetic convex pole part is not limited to the convex shape. For example, only the tip is connected to the tip of the adjacent convex pole part, or a convex shape is formed with a magnetic material, and the space between them is filled with a non-magnetic material. Any substantially magnetic convex pole may be used.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the air gap between the field core of the field pole and the field magnetic path forming portion facing the field core is composed of an axial gap and a radial gap. When the field coil is energized, a field magnetic flux is generated in the field core, and this magnetic flux forms a field magnetic path between the field core, at least the rotor, and the stator via the axial gap and the radial gap.

  In this manner, by using the axial gap and the radial gap in combination, the gap area between the field core and the field magnetic path forming portion facing the field core can be efficiently ensured.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the rotating electrical machine according to the first aspect, the opposing magnetic field path forming portion on the rotor side includes a rotor core positioning member of the rotor.

According to invention of Claim 2, a gap can be formed using the positioning member of the rotor core of a rotor.
The gist of the invention described in claim 3 is that, in the rotating electrical machine described in claim 1 or 2, the axial gap and the radial gap are formed in a plurality of stages.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, when a plurality of axial gaps and radial gaps are formed, the distribution of stress and magnetic flux flow can be made smoother as the number of stages increases.
As described in claim 4, in the rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the field magnetic path forming portion facing the field core includes a shaft fixed to the rotor. It may be a thing.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the gap area of a field core and the field magnetic path formation part facing a field core can be ensured efficiently.

The disassembled perspective view which shows the motor in embodiment typically. The longitudinal cross-sectional view of a motor. The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the motor which shows the flow of a field magnetic flux. The principal part enlarged view of a motor. The principal part enlarged view of the motor of another example. The disassembled perspective view which shows the motor of another example typically. The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the motor of another example.

DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a motor 10 as a rotating electrical machine is a wound field type synchronous motor that does not use a permanent magnet. The motor 10 which is a rotary electric motor includes a cylindrical bypass core (core back) 20, a left bracket 30 and a right bracket 31 arranged in openings at both ends of the bypass core 20, and a shaft 40 that is formed in a bar shape and extends in the horizontal direction. And a rotor (rotor) 50 that is rotatably supported, a stator (stator) 60, and field poles 70 and 80.

  The shaft 40 is assembled to the left bracket 30 via a bearing (bearing) B1, and is also assembled to the right bracket 31 via a bearing (bearing) B2. The shaft 40 is supported so as to be rotatable with respect to the left bracket 30 and the right bracket 31. One end of the shaft 40 on the left bracket 30 side passes through the left bracket 30. The shaft 40 is made of a magnetic material.

  Here, the shaft 40 has a first part 41 having a diameter of φ1, a second part 42 having a diameter of φ2, a third part 43 having a diameter of φ3, and a diameter of φ4 from the left side in FIG. A fourth portion 44, a fifth portion 45 having a diameter of φ5, a sixth portion 46 having a diameter of φ6, a seventh portion 47 having a diameter of φ7, and an eighth portion 48 having a diameter of φ8. Have.

  In the present embodiment, the diameter φ1 of the first portion 41 and the diameter φ8 of the eighth portion 48 are equal (φ1 = φ8). Further, the diameter φ2 of the second portion 42 and the diameter φ7 of the seventh portion 47 are equal (φ2 = φ7), and are larger than the diameter φ1 of the first portion 41 and the diameter φ8 of the eighth portion 48 ( φ2> φ1, φ7> φ8). The diameter φ3 of the third portion 43 and the diameter φ6 of the sixth portion 46 are equal (φ3 = φ6), and are larger than the diameter φ2 of the second portion 42 and the diameter φ7 of the seventh portion 47 (φ3> φ2, φ6> φ7). The diameter φ4 of the fourth portion 44 is larger than the diameter φ3 of the third portion 43 (φ4> φ3). The diameter φ5 of the fifth portion 45 is larger than the diameter φ6 of the sixth portion 46 (φ5> φ6) and smaller than the diameter φ4 of the fourth portion 44 (φ5 <φ4).

  Further, a vertical side wall 49 is formed between the third portion 43 and the fourth portion 44 in the shaft 40. That is, the side wall 49 is formed perpendicular to the axis L extending in the horizontal direction.

  And in the 1st site | part 41 of the shaft 40, the shaft 40 is rotatably supported by bearing (bearing) B1. Further, the shaft 40 is rotatably supported by a bearing (bearing) B2 at the eighth portion 48 of the shaft 40.

  Further, the annular rotor core fixing magnetic ring 90 is used in such a manner that it is inserted into the fifth portion 45 from the right side of the shaft 40. The iron rotor core fixing magnetic ring 90 has a diameter of φ9 and is equal to the diameter φ4 of the fourth portion 44 of the shaft 40 (φ9 = φ4). The outer peripheral surface of the fifth portion 45 of the shaft 40 and the inner peripheral surface of the rotor core fixing magnetic ring 90 are in close contact with each other and magnetically coupled.

The right side surface of the rotor core fixing magnetic ring 90 is a vertical side wall 91. That is, the side wall 91 is formed perpendicular to the axis L extending in the horizontal direction.
A rotor core 51 is fixed to the fifth portion 45 of the shaft 40 inside the bypass core 20. The rotor core 51 is configured to be rotatable integrally with the shaft 40 around the axis L of the shaft 40. Further, the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 40 and the inner peripheral surface of the rotor core 51 are in close contact with each other. For this reason, the shaft 40 and the rotor core 51 are magnetically coupled. The rotor core 51 is configured by laminating a plurality of steel plates in a direction along the axis L. Specifically, a plurality of steel plates are laminated to form the rotor core 51, and the fifth portion 45 of the shaft 40 is inserted into the shaft 40 from the right side of FIG. 2 and brought into contact with the fourth portion 44 of the shaft 40. . Thereafter, an annular rotor core fixing magnetic ring 90 made of a magnetic material is press-fitted into the fifth portion 45 of the shaft 40 and the rotor core 51 is sandwiched and fixed.

  Since the rotor core 51 is formed by laminating a plurality of steel plates in the direction along the axis L, the radial direction of the rotor core 51 in which the magnetic flux is orthogonal to the axis L rather than the direction along the axis L in the rotor core 51. And it is easy to flow in the circumferential direction.

  The rotor 50 (rotor core 51) has a rotor tooth 52 (see FIG. 1), and the rotor tooth 52 projects outward in the radial direction. A plurality of rotor teeth 52 as magnetic convex pole portions (five in this embodiment) are formed. The rotor teeth 52 are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and the tip surfaces of the rotor teeth 52 are all located on the same circumferential surface.

  Inside the bypass core 20, a stator 60 (stator core 61) is disposed on the radially outer side of the rotor teeth 52 of the rotor core 51, and the stator core 61 has an annular shape so as to surround the rotor core 51. The stator core 61 is configured by laminating a plurality of steel plates in a direction along the axis L. For this reason, in the stator core 61, the magnetic flux flows more easily in the radial direction and the circumferential direction of the stator core 61 orthogonal to the axis L than in the direction along the axis L of the shaft 40. The dimension of the stator core 61 along the axis L is set to the same dimension as the dimension of the rotor core 51 along the axis L.

  The stator 60 (stator core 61) has stator teeth 62 (see FIG. 1), and the stator teeth 62 protrude toward the shaft 40. A plurality of stator teeth 62 (12 in this embodiment) are formed, and the stator teeth 62 are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

  A slight gap (for example, 0.5 mm) is formed between the front end surface of each rotor tooth 52 (the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core 51) and the inner peripheral surface of the stator teeth 62 (stator core 61).

  A stator coil 63 is wound around each stator tooth 62. That is, a conductive wire is wound around the stator teeth 62 to form a stator coil 63 as an armature coil. Each stator coil 63 is one of a U-phase winding, a V-phase winding, and a W-phase winding, and generates a rotating magnetic field by flowing currents having different phases.

  Further, since the stator core 61 (stator teeth 62) and the rotor core 51 have the same dimension along the axis L, both ends (coil ends) of the stator coil 63 in the direction along the axis L are It protrudes outward in the direction along the axis L from both ends of the rotor core 51.

  The cylindrical bypass core 20 extending along the axis L covers the outer peripheral surface of the stator core 61 over the entire circumference. The bypass core 20 is made of a magnetic material. In this embodiment, it consists of a powder molding magnetic body (SMC: Soft Magnetic Compositions). Further, the outer peripheral surface of the stator core 61 and the inner peripheral surface of the bypass core 20 are in close contact with each other. For this reason, the stator core 61 and the bypass core 20 are magnetically coupled. The bypass core 20 serves as an outer diameter side field magnetic path.

In the present embodiment, the main motor unit 100 is configured by the shaft 40, the rotor 50, and the stator 60.
A field magnetic pole 70 for generating a field magnetic flux is disposed between the left bracket 30 and the rotor core 51 of the rotor 50 in the direction along the axis L. A field pole 80 for generating a field magnetic flux is disposed between the right bracket 31 and the rotor core 51 of the rotor 50 in the direction along the axis L.

The field pole 70 includes an annular field core 71 and a field coil 72. The field core 71 is made of a magnetic material. The shaft 40 is inserted through the annular field core 71.
A field coil 72 is disposed on the inner surface of the motor in the axial direction of the field core 71. The field coil 72 is formed by winding a conductive wire around a shaft 40 around a bobbin (not shown). The dimension from the axis L to the end of the field coil 72 located outside in the direction orthogonal to the axis L is set smaller than the dimension from the axis L to the inner peripheral surface of the stator coil 63. That is, the field coil 72 is disposed on the inner diameter side of the stator coil 63.

  The outer periphery of the field core 71 is fixed in a fitted state between the left end of the bypass core 20 and the outer periphery of the left bracket 30. Thereby, the field magnetic pole 70 is assembled | attached with respect to the main motor part 100. FIG. In a state where the field core 71 is assembled to the main motor unit 100, the field core 71 is in close contact with the bypass core 20. Therefore, the field core 71 and the bypass core 20 are magnetically coupled. In the present embodiment, the left bracket 30 is made of a non-magnetic member to reduce the leakage flux of the field magnetic flux and prevent the corrosion of the bearing B1.

  The field core 71 through which the shaft 40 is inserted has a first part 75 having an inner diameter of φ10 and a second part 76 having an inner diameter of φ11. The inner diameter φ11 of the second portion 76 is larger than the inner diameter φ10 of the first portion 75 (φ11> φ10).

  The inner peripheral surface of the first portion 75 of the field core 71 and the outer peripheral surface of the third portion 43 of the shaft 40 are disposed so as to be parallel to each other, and between the two peripheral surfaces. A slight gap (for example, 0.5 mm) is formed and is magnetically coupled through this gap (gap). This is the first radial gap Gr1 (see FIG. 3) formed between the opposing members in the direction perpendicular to the axis (radial direction).

  The inner peripheral surface of the second portion 76 of the field core 71 and the outer peripheral surface of the fourth portion 44 of the shaft 40 are disposed so as to be parallel to each other, and between the two peripheral surfaces. A slight gap (for example, 0.5 mm) is formed and is magnetically coupled through this gap (gap). This is the second radial gap Gr2 (see FIG. 3).

  Here, as shown in FIG. 4, when the axial length L1 of the first radial gap Gr1 is compared with the axial length L2 of the second radial gap Gr2, the axial direction of the first radial gap Gr1 is compared. Is longer than the length L2 in the axial direction of the second radial gap Gr2 (L1> L2).

  Further, a vertical side wall 77 is formed between the first portion 75 and the second portion 76 of the field core 71 of FIG. That is, the side wall 77 is formed perpendicular to the axis L extending in the horizontal direction. The side wall 77 of the field core 71 and the side wall 49 of the shaft 40 are disposed so as to be parallel to each other, and a slight gap (for example, 0.5 mm) is formed between both surfaces. It is magnetically connected through a gap (gap). This is the first axial gap Ga1 (see FIG. 3) formed between the opposing members in the axial direction.

  Further, the right side surface (vertical side wall) of the second portion 76 of the field core 71 and the left side surface of the rotor core 51 are arranged to face each other so as to be parallel to each other, and there is a slight gap between both surfaces. A gap (for example, 0.5 mm) is formed and is magnetically coupled through this gap (gap). This is the second axial gap Ga2 (see FIG. 3).

The first radial gap Gr1, the first axial gap Ga1, the second radial gap Gr2, and the second axial gap Ga2 are stepped.
Similarly, the field pole 80 includes an annular field core 81 and a field coil 82. The field core 81 is made of a magnetic material. The shaft 40 is inserted through the annular field core 81.

  A field coil 82 is disposed on the inner surface of the motor in the axial direction of the field core 81. The field coil 82 is formed by winding a conductive wire around a shaft 40 around a bobbin (not shown). The dimension from the axis L to the end of the field coil 82 located outside in the direction orthogonal to the axis L is set smaller than the dimension from the axis L to the inner peripheral surface of the stator coil 63 (field The magnetic coil 82 is disposed on the inner diameter side of the stator coil 63).

  The outer peripheral portion of the field core 81 is fixed in a fitted state between the right end portion of the bypass core 20 and the outer peripheral portion of the right bracket 31. As a result, the field pole 80 is assembled to the main motor unit 100. In a state where the field core 81 is assembled to the main motor unit 100, the field core 81 is in close contact with the bypass core 20. Therefore, the field core 81 and the bypass core 20 are magnetically coupled. In the present embodiment, the right bracket 31 is made of a non-magnetic member, reduces the leakage flux of the field magnetic flux, and prevents the corrosion of the bearing B2.

  The field core 81 through which the shaft 40 is inserted has a first portion 85 having an inner diameter of φ20 and a second portion 86 having an inner diameter of φ21. The inner diameter φ21 of the second portion 86 is larger than the inner diameter φ20 of the first portion 85 (φ21> φ20).

  The inner peripheral surface of the first portion 85 of the field core 81 and the outer peripheral surface of the sixth portion 46 of the shaft 40 are disposed so as to be parallel to each other, and between the two peripheral surfaces. A slight gap (for example, 0.5 mm) is formed and is magnetically coupled through this gap (gap). This is the third radial gap Gr3 (see FIG. 3).

  The inner peripheral surface of the second portion 86 of the field core 81 and the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic ring 90 for fixing the rotor core are disposed so as to be parallel to each other, and there is a slight gap between the two peripheral surfaces. A gap (for example, 0.5 mm) is formed and is magnetically coupled through this gap (gap). This is the fourth radial gap Gr4 (see FIG. 3). Here, as described with reference to FIG. 4, the length of the third radial gap Gr3 in the axial direction is the same as the relationship between the first radial gap Gr1 and the second radial gap Gr2. The radial gap Gr4 is longer than the length in the axial direction.

  Further, a vertical side wall 87 is formed between the first portion 85 and the second portion 86 of the field core 81 of FIG. That is, the side wall 87 is formed perpendicular to the axis L extending in the horizontal direction. The side wall 87 of the field core 71 and the side wall (right side surface) 91 of the magnetic ring 90 for fixing the rotor core are disposed so as to be parallel to each other, and a slight gap (for example, 0) is provided between the both surfaces. .5 mm) is formed and is magnetically coupled through this gap. This is the third axial gap Ga3 (see FIG. 3).

  Further, the left side surface (vertical side wall) of the second portion 86 of the field core 81 and the right side surface of the rotor core 51 are arranged so as to be parallel to each other, and there is a slight gap between both surfaces. A gap (for example, 0.5 mm) is formed and is magnetically coupled through this gap (gap). This is the fourth axial gap Ga4 (see FIG. 3).

The third radial gap Gr3, the third axial gap Ga3, the fourth radial gap Gr4, and the fourth axial gap Ga4 are stepped.
As described above, in the present embodiment, the gaps between the field cores 71 and 81 of the field poles and the field magnetic path forming portion facing the field cores 71 and 81 are set to the radial gaps Ga1, Ga2, Ga3, Ga4 and radial. The gaps Gr1, Gr2, Gr3, and Gr4 are included.

Next, the operation of the motor 10 configured as described above will be described focusing on the magnetic path (field magnetic flux flow) formed when the field coils 72 and 82 are energized.
As shown in FIG. 3, in the motor 10 of the present embodiment, the field magnetic flux generated in the field core 71 due to the current flowing in the field coil 72 is directed toward the shaft 40 as indicated by the arrow Y1. Flowing. The field magnetic flux flows to the shaft 40 through the first radial gap Gr1, the second radial gap Gr2, and the first axial gap Ga1 as indicated by arrows Y2, Y3, and Y4. Further, the field magnetic flux flows to the rotor core 51 through the second axial gap Ga2 as indicated by an arrow Y5. In this way, the magnetic flux crosses the axial gaps Ga1 and Ga2 in parallel with the axis L, and the magnetic flux crosses the radial gaps Gr1 and Gr2 at right angles (in the radial direction) to the axis L.

  Further, the field magnetic flux flows in the shaft 40 in the axial direction as indicated by the arrow Y6, and flows in the direction perpendicular to the axis L of the shaft 40 as indicated by the arrow Y7 to cause the outer diameter of the rotor core 51 (rotor teeth 52). And flows through the stator core 61 (stator teeth 62). Further, the field magnetic flux is guided toward the field core 71 through the bypass core 20 as indicated by an arrow Y8.

  In this way, the field magnetic path formed by the field core 71, the shaft 40, the rotor 50, the stator 60, and the bypass core 20, and the field magnet formed by the field core 71, the rotor 50, the stator 60, and the bypass core 20. A path is formed.

  Similarly, the field magnetic flux generated in the field core 81 due to the current flowing in the field coil 82 flows toward the shaft 40 as indicated by the arrow Y11. The field magnetic flux flows to the shaft 40 through the third radial gap Gr3, the fourth radial gap Gr4, and the third axial gap Ga3 as indicated by arrows Y12, Y13, and Y14. Further, the field magnetic flux flows to the rotor core 51 through the fourth axial gap Ga4 as indicated by an arrow Y15.

  Further, the field magnetic flux flows in the axial direction in the shaft 40 as indicated by an arrow Y16, and flows in a direction orthogonal to the axis L of the shaft 40 as indicated by an arrow Y17 to cause the outer diameter of the rotor core 51 (rotor teeth 52). And flows through the stator core 61 (stator teeth 62). Further, the field magnetic flux is guided toward the field core 81 through the bypass core 20 as indicated by an arrow Y18.

  In this way, the field magnetic path formed by the field core 81, the shaft 40, the rotor 50, the stator 60, and the bypass core 20, and the field magnetic field formed by the field core 81, the rotor 50, the stator 60, and the bypass core 20. A path is formed.

  Thus, in the motor 10 of this embodiment, an annular (loop-shaped) magnetic path (flow of field magnetic flux) is formed, and the rotor teeth 52 of the rotor 50 have the polarity of N pole by the field magnetic flux. Thus, the rotor teeth 52 (field magnetic flux) have a function similar to that of the permanent magnet disposed on the rotor in the permanent magnet synchronous motor.

  Moreover, in the motor 10 of this embodiment, the field magnetic flux can be increased by increasing the amount of current flowing through the field coils 72 and 82, and a larger torque can be obtained. On the other hand, in the motor 10 of the present embodiment, the field magnetic flux can be reduced by reducing the amount of current flowing through the field coils 72 and 82 during high-speed rotation, and the maximum rotational speed can be improved. That is, in the motor 10 of this embodiment, the maximum torque and the maximum rotation speed can be improved only by the strong field control. Therefore, in the motor 10 of this embodiment, field-weakening control required when a permanent magnet is disposed in the rotor 50 becomes unnecessary, and the configuration can be simplified.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a magnet-less wound field motor is used, and a magnetic path for flowing magnetic flux from the field poles 70 and 80 (field path magnetic path) as shown in FIG. Is formed. At this time, the axial gap (Ga1, Ga2, Ga3, Ga4) and the radial gap (Gr1, Gr2, Gr3, Gr4) are used in combination. By using the axial gap (Ga1, Ga2, Ga3, Ga4) and the radial gap (Gr1, Gr2, Gr3, Gr4) in combination, the gap area is expanded compared to the radial gap alone or the axial gap alone, and the torque is increased (physique). Down). Further, the axial load on the bearing is reduced as compared with the axial gap alone.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) The gap between the field core 71, 81 of the field pole and the field magnetic path forming portion facing the field core 71, 81 is divided into an axial gap (Ga1, Ga2, Ga3, Ga4) and a radial gap (Gr1). , Gr2, Gr3, Gr4). Thus, by using the axial gap and the radial gap in combination, the gap area (gap area) between the field cores 71 and 81 and the field magnetic path forming portion facing the field cores 71 and 81 can be efficiently increased. Can be secured.

explain in detail.
Winding field type synchronous motors that do not use permanent magnets (magnetless winding field type synchronous motors) use a field magnetic path and flow magnetic flux three-dimensionally between the rotor and stator. In addition to the air gap, there is a gap (air gap) between the members facing the field core, and it is necessary to secure this air gap area.

  Specifically, in order to secure the air gap area with only the radial gap, there are measures to increase the axial length of the radial gap or increase the radial gap diameter. In the former case, the motor shaft length increases. As a result, the motor becomes larger and the mountability on the vehicle deteriorates. In the latter case, the diameter of the shaft increases and the rotor inertial mass increases. This affects the drivability of a vehicle equipped with an electric motor. In addition, both increase the size of the shaft, leading to deterioration in efficiency and increase in cost due to an increase in the motor mass. On the other hand, if the air gap area is secured only by the axial gap, the thrust force between the rotor and the field pole increases, and a large thrust load is applied to the bearing. In addition, when only an axial gap is used, torque fluctuation due to variation in tolerance of rotor stack thickness produced by thin plate lamination (thin plate lamination) increases. In order to avoid this, it is necessary to perform assembly while adjusting the axial gap by selecting a shim (thickness dimension adjusting plate) or the like at the time of assembly, leading to an increase in man-hours and costs.

  On the other hand, in this embodiment, by using an axial gap in combination rather than a radial gap alone, the gap area can be increased, and torque can be increased or the body size can be reduced. Further, by using the radial gap in combination with the axial gap alone, the same effect as described above can be obtained, and the axial load applied to the bearing can be reduced, so that the durability of the bearing is improved. In addition, the ratio between the axial gap and the radial gap can be adjusted arbitrarily during the design, making it easy to absorb torque fluctuations due to variations in the axial gap caused by variations in rotor core stacking thickness tolerance produced by steel plate lamination (steel plate lamination). .

  As described above, in the present embodiment, it is possible to reduce the mass and physique of the wound field motor, and to adjust the thrust force applied to the bearing to an appropriate range, thereby improving the durability of the motor. Can be made.

  (2) The field magnetic path forming portion facing the field cores 71 and 81 includes the fourth portion 44 as a positioning member of the rotor core 51 of the rotor and the magnetic ring 90 for fixing the rotor core. A gap can be formed using a positioning member. Since the positioning member has a cylindrical peripheral surface adjacent to the rotor core 51 and a wall surface perpendicular to the axis L, it is suitable for forming an axial gap and a radial gap.

  (3) The axial gap and the radial gap are formed in a plurality of stages. Therefore, when a plurality of axial gaps and radial gaps are formed, the distribution of stress and magnetic flux flow can be smoothed as the number of stages increases, leading to improvement in motor performance.

(4) Since the field magnetic path forming part facing the field cores 71 and 81 includes the shaft 40 fixed to the rotor 50, the field magnetic path can be formed via the shaft 40.
The embodiment is not limited to the above, and may be embodied as follows, for example.

  In the above embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the length L1 in the axial direction of the first radial gap Gr1 is longer than the length L2 in the axial direction of the second radial gap Gr2. Instead, as shown in FIG. 5, the axial length L2 of the second radial gap Gr2 may be longer than the axial length L1 of the first radial gap Gr1 (L2> L1). ). Thereby, the opposing area of a gap can be improved more efficiently.

  The axial gap and the radial gap may be one stage instead of two stages as shown in FIG. 3, or may be a plurality of stages of three or more stages. As described above, the distribution of stress and magnetic flux flow can be formed more smoothly as the number of steps is increased.

In the above embodiment, the bearings B1 and B2 are disposed on the left and right brackets 30 and 31, but a bearing may be disposed at the end of the field core in a structure that prevents the electrolytic corrosion of the bearing.
In the above embodiment, the diameter φ1 of the first portion 41 and the diameter φ8 of the eighth portion 48 are equal, and the diameter φ2 of the second portion 42 and the diameter φ7 of the seventh portion 47 are equal, The configuration is not limited to this. If there is no inconvenience in assembly, it may be changed.

The field pole configuration shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 is not limited to the field pole configuration shown in FIGS.
6 and 7, field poles 200 are disposed at both ends of the bypass core 20. The field pole 200 includes a field core 210 and a field coil 220. The field core 210 is made of a magnetic material. The field core 210 is formed in an annular shape and has a fixed portion 211 through which the shaft 40 is inserted, and a plurality of arm portions orthogonal to the axis L from the fixed portion 211 and extending radially outward from the axis L 212 is provided. Each arm part 212 is arrange | positioned at equal intervals. In each arm portion 212, a field coil 220 is formed by winding a conducting wire on the shaft 40 (fixed portion 211) side. The distal end portion of each arm portion 212 of the field core 210 is fixed to the bypass core 20, and the distal end surface of each arm portion 212 is in close contact with the bypass core 20 and is magnetically coupled. Further, the shaft 40 is inserted into the fixed portion 211 of the field core 210, and the inner peripheral surface of the fixed portion 211 and the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 40 are opposed to each other so as to be parallel to each other. A slight gap (for example, 0.5 mm) is formed between the peripheral surfaces.

  Here, a step is formed on the inner surface of the fixed portion 211 of the field core 210 through which the shaft 40 is inserted so as to have different diameters. The inner peripheral surface of the fixed portion 211 of the field core 210 and the outer peripheral surface of the third portion 43 of the shaft 40 are disposed to face each other so as to be parallel to each other, and the first radial gap Gr1 is formed. Yes. Further, the inner peripheral surface of the fixed portion 211 of the field core 210 and the outer peripheral surface of the fourth portion 44 of the shaft 40 are arranged to face each other so as to form a second radial gap Gr2. Yes. In addition, the vertical side wall of the fixed portion 211 of the field core 210 and the side wall 49 of the shaft 40 are arranged to face each other so as to be parallel to each other, thereby forming a first axial gap Ga1. The side surface (vertical side wall) of the fixed portion 211 of the field core 210 and the side surface of the rotor core 51 are arranged to face each other so as to be parallel to each other, thereby forming a second axial gap Ga2.

The other field pole 200 of the bypass core 20 has the same configuration.
In FIGS. 1 and 2, only the field pole 70 or only the field pole 80 may be provided. 6 and 7, the field magnetic pole 200 may be provided only on one side of the main motor unit 100 (shaft 40).

In the above embodiment, the number of rotor teeth 52 of the rotor may be changed as appropriate. Further, the number of stator teeth 62 of the stator may be changed as appropriate.
Although the field magnetic path is formed through the shaft 40, the field magnetic path may be formed without using the shaft 40. For example, an SMC member is interposed between the shaft and the rotor core 51, and the SMC member forms an axial gap and a radial gap with respect to the field core so that the SMC member forms a field magnetic path. It is good also as such a shape.

  In the embodiment, the rotor teeth 52 as the magnetic convex pole portions are convex in shape, but are not limited to this configuration. It only needs to have a magnetically convex polarity. For example, only the tip of the rotor teeth may be connected to the adjacent rotor teeth, or the recess between the rotor teeth may be filled with a nonmagnetic material, so that the rotor may be cylindrical as a whole.

In the embodiment, the rotor core 51 is configured by laminating a plurality of steel plates (electromagnetic steel plates), but may be configured by a magnetic material such as SMC or iron ingot.
In the above embodiment, the motor is embodied as a rotating electrical machine, but the present invention is not limited to this and may be used as a generator.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Motor, 20 ... Bypass core, 40 ... Shaft, 50 ... Rotor, 51 ... Rotor core, 52 ... Rotor teeth, 60 ... Stator, 61 ... Stator core, 62 ... Stator teeth, 63 ... Stator coil, 70 ... Field pole, 71 ... Field core, 72 ... Field coil, 80 ... Field magnetic pole, 81 ... Field core, 82 ... Field coil, 90 ... Magnetic ring for fixing rotor core, Ga1 ... First axial gap, Ga2 ... Second axial Gap, Ga3 ... third axial gap, Ga4 ... fourth axial gap, Gr1 ... first radial gap, Gr2 ... second radial gap, Gr3 ... third radial gap, Gr4 ... fourth radial gap.

Claims (4)

A rotor rotatably supported and having a magnetic convex pole portion;
A stator disposed radially outside the convex pole portion of the rotor;
A field pole that forms a field magnetic path by the field core, at least the rotor, and the stator by a field magnetic flux generated in the field core with energization of the field coil;
A rotating electric machine with
A rotating electrical machine characterized in that a gap between a field core of the field pole and a field magnetic path forming portion facing the field core is constituted by an axial gap and a radial gap.   2. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the field magnetic path forming portion facing the field core includes a rotor core positioning member of the rotor.   The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the axial gap and the radial gap are formed in a plurality of stages.   4. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the field magnetic path forming portion facing the field core includes a shaft fixed to the rotor.

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