JP6895909B2 - Hybrid field double gap synchronous machine - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a hybrid field double gap synchronous machine in which a rotor is provided between the first stator and the second stator.

Conventionally, a hybrid field type double gap synchronizer in which a rotor is provided between a first stator having a field winding and a permanent magnet and a second stator having a three-phase armature winding. It has been known. In the first stator, two annular permanent magnets along the field winding are arranged inside and outside the one annular field winding (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2009-89580

In the conventional hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine described in Patent Document 1, since the permanent magnet is arranged on the path of the magnetic flux created by the field winding, the magnetomotive force of the field winding and the permanent magnet The magnetomotive force of is in series in the magnetic circuit. In this way, when the magnetomotive force of the field winding and the magnetomotive force of the permanent magnet are in series, the magnetic permeability of the permanent magnet is low, so even if the current of the field winding is adjusted, the field winding It is difficult to expand the range of increase / decrease in the field magnetic force created by the wire and the permanent magnet. As a result, there is a problem that the output range is limited in the constant output operation when the synchronous machine is used as an electric motor. Further, there is a problem that the output range is limited in the constant voltage operation when the synchronous machine is used as a generator.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine capable of expanding the output range.

The hybrid field double gap synchronous machine according to the present invention has a first stator, a second stator facing the first stator, and a space between the first stator and the second stator. It is equipped with a rotor provided in. The first stator has a field winding and a plurality of field pole forming portions arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotor. The second stator has an armature winding. Each of the plurality of field pole forming portions has a permanent magnet and a polar tooth in which a magnetic pole is formed by energizing the field winding. In each of the plurality of field pole forming portions, the magnetic poles of the polar teeth face the rotor, and the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets face the rotor at positions deviated from the positions of the polar teeth. A field pole is formed in each of the plurality of field pole forming portions by the magnetic poles of the polar teeth and the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets.

According to the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine of the present invention, the magnetic flux due to the field winding and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet pass through different magnetic paths. Therefore, the magnetomotive force of the field winding and the magnetomotive force of the permanent magnet can be made parallel in the magnetic circuit, and the magnetomotive force of the field winding can be increased or decreased regardless of the magnetic permeability of the permanent magnet. As a result, the range of increase / decrease in the field magnetic flux of the first stator can be expanded, and the output range of the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine can be expanded.

It is a perspective view which shows the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine by Embodiment 1 for carrying out this invention. It is an exploded perspective view which shows the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the 1st stator of FIG. It is a figure which shows the whole system including the drive circuit which supplies electric power to the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine of FIG. It is a partial circuit diagram which shows the magnetic circuit in the 1st stator of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine by Embodiment 2 for carrying out this invention. It is an exploded perspective view which shows the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the 1st stator of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine by Embodiment 3 for carrying out this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the 1st stator of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the 2nd stator of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the rotor of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the 1st stator of the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine by Embodiment 4 for carrying out this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

Embodiment 1.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine according to the first embodiment for carrying out the present invention. FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine of FIG. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the first stator of FIG.

The hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1 includes a first stator 10, a second stator 20, and a rotor 30. The second stator 20 faces the first stator 10 in the axial direction of the rotor 30. The rotor 30 is provided between the first stator 10 and the second stator 20. As a result, the rotor 30 faces each of the first stator 10 and the second stator 20 in the axial direction of the rotor 30. Each of the first stator 10, the second stator 20, and the rotor 30 has a cylindrical shape. Further, a gap is provided between the first stator 10 and the rotor 30. A gap is provided between the rotor 30 and the second stator 20. As a result, the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1 according to the first embodiment is an axial gap type synchronous machine. The rotor 30 is fixed to a rotating shaft (not shown). The rotating shaft is rotatably supported by a housing (not shown). The rotor 30 is arranged coaxially with the rotation axis.

The first stator 10 has a first stator core 100, a plurality of field windings 120, a plurality of permanent magnets 130, and a first stator end plate 140. The first stator core 100 is composed of a plurality of electromagnetic steel sheets. A plurality of electrical steel sheets constituting the first stator core 100 are laminated in the radial direction of the rotor 30. The first stator end plate 140 is integrated with the first stator core 100. Further, the first stator end plate 140 is arranged on the side opposite to the rotor 30 side of the first stator core 100.

The first stator core 100 has a first stator core base 110, a plurality of first teeth 111, and a plurality of second teeth 112. The shape of the first stator core base 110 is a disk shape. In this example, the first stator core base 110, each first tooth 111, and each second tooth 112 are composed of a plurality of electromagnetic steel sheets laminated in the radial direction of the rotor 30. However, the first stator core base 110 may be composed of a plurality of electromagnetic steel sheets laminated in the axial direction of the rotor 30.

The first teeth 111 are arranged so as to be spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction of the rotor 30. Each first tooth 111 projects from the first stator core base 110 in the axial direction of the rotor 30 toward the rotor 30. In this example, twelve first teeth 111 project from the first stator core base 110. Each first tooth 111 constitutes a polar tooth.

The second teeth 112 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the rotor 30 according to the positions of the first teeth 111. Each of the second teeth 112 is arranged radially inside the rotor 30 with respect to each of the first teeth 111. A gap is provided between each of the first teeth 111 and each of the second teeth 112. Each second tooth 112 projects from the first stator core base 110 in the axial direction of the rotor 30 toward the rotor 30.

Each field winding 120 is individually wound around each first tooth 111. Each field winding 120 is wound with the axial direction of the rotor 30 as the axial direction of the winding. The winding directions of the field windings 120 when viewed from the rotor 30 alternate in the circumferential direction of the rotor 30 in the order of clockwise and counterclockwise directions.

Each permanent magnet 130 is arranged on the surface of each second tooth 112 on the rotor 30 side. As a result, each permanent magnet 130 is arranged so as to face the rotor 30. Each permanent magnet 130 is a neodymium magnet. In this example, 12 permanent magnets 130 are provided on the first stator core 100. The magnetic poles of the permanent magnets 130 face the rotor 30 at positions deviating from the positions of the first teeth 111. The polarities of the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets 130 facing the rotor 30 alternate in the circumferential direction of the rotor 30 in the order of N pole and S pole. As each permanent magnet 130, a magnet made of another material such as a ferrite magnet or an alnico magnet may be used.

The first teeth 111 and the permanent magnet 130, which are aligned with respect to the rotor 30 in the circumferential direction of the rotor 30, form a field pole forming portion 190, respectively. Therefore, in the first stator 10, a plurality of field pole forming portions 190 having the first teeth 111 and the permanent magnets 130 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotor 30. In this example, twelve field pole forming portions 190 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotor 30.

The second stator 20 has a second stator core 200, a plurality of armature windings 220, and a second stator end plate 240. The second stator core 200 is composed of a plurality of electromagnetic steel sheets. A plurality of electrical steel sheets constituting the second stator core 200 are laminated in the radial direction of the rotor 30. The second stator end plate 240 is integrated with the second stator core 200. Further, the second stator end plate 240 is arranged on the side opposite to the rotor 30 side of the second stator core 200.

The second stator core 200 has a second stator core base 210 and a plurality of third teeth 211. The shape of the second stator core base 210 is a disk shape. The third teeth 211 are arranged so as to be spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction of the rotor 30. Each third tooth 211 projects from the second stator core base 210 toward the rotor 30 in the axial direction of the rotor 30. In this example, twelve third teeth 211 project from the second stator core base 210. In this example, the second stator core base 210 and each third tooth 211 are composed of a plurality of electromagnetic steel sheets laminated in the radial direction of the rotor 30. However, the second stator core base 210 may be composed of a plurality of electromagnetic steel sheets laminated in the axial direction of the rotor 30.

Each armature winding 220 is individually wound around each third tooth 211. Each armature winding 220 is wound with the axial direction of the rotor 30 as the axial direction of the winding. The armature winding 220 is a three-phase armature winding. Therefore, each armature winding 220 is repeatedly arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotor 30 in the order of U phase, V phase, and W phase. In this example, after completing the shape of each armature winding 220 by winding a conducting wire using a winding jig, each armature winding 220 is attached to each third tooth 211, respectively. The armature winding 220 may be provided on each of the third teeth 211 by winding the conducting wire directly around the third teeth 211. For example, when the cross-sectional area of the tip of the third teeth 211 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the portion other than the tip of the third teeth, the conductor is wound directly around the third teeth 211 and the armature winding 220 is wound on the third teeth 211. Can be provided in.

The shape of the rotor 30 is a flat plate shape. The rotor 30 has an annular rotor base 310 and a plurality of salient poles 311. Each salient pole 311 projects radially outward of the rotor 30 from the rotor base 310. The salient poles 311 are arranged so as to be spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction of the rotor 30. The salient poles 311 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the rotor 30. In this example, each salient pole 311 is composed of a plurality of electromagnetic steel sheets laminated in the radial direction of the rotor 30.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an entire system including a drive circuit for supplying electric power to the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine of FIG. The field current If is supplied to the field winding 120 from the DC power supply 400. In the second stator 20, the armature windings 220 of each phase are connected by a Y connection. An armature current is supplied to the armature winding 220 from the inverter circuit 410. A three-phase AC power supply 420 that supplies power to the inverter circuit 410 is connected to the inverter circuit 410. The power to the inverter circuit 410 may be supplied from a battery which is a DC power supply.

Next, the operation of the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1 will be described. Here, the operation of the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1 will be described by taking an electric motor as an example. A magnetic pole facing the rotor 30 is individually formed on each of the first teeth 111 by energizing each field winding 120. The winding directions of the field windings 120 around the first teeth 111 alternate with each other in the circumferential direction of the rotor 30. Therefore, the polarities of the magnetic poles of the first teeth 111 facing the rotor 30 alternate in the circumferential direction of the rotor 30 in the order of the north pole and the south pole. Therefore, a field magnetic pole is formed in each of the field magnetic pole forming portions 190 by the magnetic poles of the first teeth 111 and the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet 130. In this example, a 12-pole field pole is formed on the first stator 10.

Each first tooth 111 faces the rotor 30 at a position different from that of each permanent magnet 130. Therefore, the magnetic flux generated in the first teeth 111 by energizing each field winding 120 passes through a magnetic path avoiding the position of each permanent magnet 130. As a result, the magnetomotive force of each field winding 120 and the magnetomotive force of each permanent magnet 130 become parallel in the magnetic circuit. In the first stator 10, the magnetomotive force of each of the first teeth 111 and each of them so that the polarities of the field poles of the field pole forming portions 190 alternate in the circumferential direction of the rotor 30 in the order of N pole and S pole. The magnetomotive force of the permanent magnet 130 is set.

The 12-pole field pole formed on the first stator 10 is modulated by the 10-pole salient pole 311 of the rotor 30. As a result, an eight-pole magnetic pole is formed on the rotor 30. On the other hand, in the second stator 20, a rotating magnetic field is generated by supplying an armature current from the inverter circuit 410 to each armature winding 220. As a result, the rotor 30 rotates. Further, torque as a synchronous machine is generated in the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1.

Here, the number of poles 2Pf of the field poles formed on the first stator 10 by the field pole forming portions 190 is 12. That is, the pole logarithm Pf of the field poles of the first stator 10 is 6. The number of poles 2Pa of the armature magnetic pole generated in the second stator 20 by the armature winding 220 is 8. That is, the pole logarithm Pa of the armature magnetic pole is 4. Further, the number Pr of the salient poles of the rotor 30 is 10. Therefore, in this example, the relationship of Pr = Pa + Pf is satisfied. When such a relationship is satisfied, the torque of the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1 can be increased.

In the common field pole forming portion 190, the direction of the field current If where the polarity of the magnetic pole of the first teeth 111 becomes the same as the polarity of the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet 130 is the positive direction. When a large torque is required in the low speed range of the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1, each field is generated so that the N pole is generated in each first tooth 111 outside each permanent magnet 130 of the N pole. A field current If in the positive direction is passed through the winding 120. Since the magnetomotive force of each permanent magnet 130 of the N pole and the magnetomotive force of each of the first teeth 111 of the N pole are arranged in parallel, the magnetomotive force of the N pole in each field magnetic pole forming portion 190 formed by these is increased. .. Further, for each of the N-pole permanent magnets 130, an S-pole is generated at each first tooth 111 on the outside of each of the S-pole permanent magnets 130 adjacent to the rotor 30 in the circumferential direction. Since the magnetomotive force of each permanent magnet 130 of the S pole and the magnetomotive force of each of the first teeth 111 of the S pole are arranged in parallel, the magnetomotive force of the S pole in each field magnetic pole forming portion 190 formed by these is increased. .. By passing the field current If in the positive direction through each field winding 120 in this way, the magnetomotive force of each first tooth 111 is increased, and the field magnetic flux by each field magnetic pole forming portion 190 can be increased.

On the other hand, when the rotor 30 rotates, a counter electromotive force is generated in each armature winding 220. The counter electromotive force generated in each armature winding 220 increases as the rotation speed of the rotor 30 increases. When the rotation speed of the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1 is in the high speed range, the rotor until the counter electromotive force generated in each armature winding 220 becomes equal to the voltage applied to the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1. When the rotation speed of 30 increases, it becomes impossible to pass a current through each armature winding 220. As a result, the rotation speed of the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1 cannot be further increased. As a means for solving this, there is a means for generating a magnetic pole in each of the first teeth 111 in the direction opposite to that of each permanent magnet 130 to weaken the field magnetic flux by the field magnetic pole forming portion 190.

In this case, a negative field current If is passed through each field winding 120 so that an S pole is generated in each first tooth 111 outside each permanent magnet 130 of the N pole. An N pole is generated in each first tooth 111 outside each permanent magnet 130 of the S pole. As a result, the magnetomotive force generated by each field magnetic pole forming portion 190 is reduced. In this way, the magnetomotive force of each field magnetic pole forming portion 190 can be freely adjusted by the field current If flowing through each field winding 120. The field magnetic flux forming portion 190 can widely increase or decrease the field magnetic flux by increasing or decreasing the magnetomotive force of each of the first teeth 111.

FIG. 5 is a partial circuit diagram showing a magnetic circuit in the first stator of FIG. In the magnetic circuit in the first stator 10, the magnetomotive force F1 of each first tooth 111 and the magnetomotive force F2 of each permanent magnet 130 are connected in parallel. The magnetic flux passing through each of the first teeth 111 is defined as a magnetic flux Φ1, and the magnetic flux passing through each permanent magnet 130 is defined as a magnetic flux Φ2. In this case, the magnetic flux Φ0 except for the portion where the first teeth 111 and the permanent magnets 130 are in parallel is Φ0 = Φ1 + Φ2.

Therefore, the magnetic flux Φ0 can be reduced from the magnetic flux Φ2 by reversing the polarities of the magnetic poles of each first tooth 111, that is, by setting Φ1 <0. In this case, since all or a part of the magnetic flux Φ2 emitted from each permanent magnet 130 goes to each first tooth 111, it does not interlink with the magnetic flux formed by the armature winding 220 of the second stator 20. Further, by setting Φ1 = −Φ2 and the magnetic flux Φ0 = 0, the magnetomotive force of each field magnetic pole forming portion 190 can be set to 0.

The magnetic permeability of each permanent magnet 130 is smaller than the magnetic permeability of each first tooth 111. Therefore, most of the magnetic flux generated by each field winding 120 passes through each of the first teeth 111. Further, since each permanent magnet 130 faces the rotor 30 at a position deviating from the position of each first tooth 111, the magnetic flux Φ1 passing through each of the first teeth 111 does not pass through each permanent magnet 130. Each magnetic flux Φ1 is not affected by the magnetic gap corresponding to the thickness of each permanent magnet 130. As a result, each field winding 120 can efficiently generate the magnetic flux Φ1 passing through the first teeth 111.

According to such a hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1, in each of the plurality of field magnetic pole forming portions 190, the magnetic pole of the first teeth 111 faces the rotor 30, and the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet 130 is the first. It faces the rotor 30 at a position deviating from the position of the teeth 111. Further, a field magnetic pole is formed in each of the plurality of field magnetic pole forming portions 190 by the magnetic poles of the first teeth 111 and the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet 130.

Therefore, the magnetic flux due to the field winding 120 and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 130 can be passed through separate magnetic paths. That is, the magnetomotive force of the field winding 120 and the magnetomotive force of the permanent magnet 130 can be arranged in parallel in the magnetic circuit. As a result, the magnetic flux generated by the field winding 120 can be passed while avoiding the position of the permanent magnet 130, and the field magnetic flux can be widely increased or decreased by increasing or decreasing the magnetomotive force generated by the field winding 120. Therefore, the range of increase / decrease of the field magnetic flux of the first stator 10 can be expanded, and the output range of the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1 can be expanded.

Moreover, the relationship of Pr = Pa + Pf is satisfied. As a result, the torque of the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1 can be increased.

Further, each field winding 120 is individually wound around each first tooth 111. As a result, the magnetic flux of each first tooth 111 can be efficiently generated.

Further, according to the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1, each of the first stator 10 and the second stator 20 faces the rotor 30 in the axial direction of the rotor 30. As a result, the work of directly winding each field winding 120 around each first tooth 111 can be easily performed. Alternatively, after each field winding 120 is formed as a coil, it can be easily fitted into each first tooth 111. Further, as the shape of the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1, a flat hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine can be manufactured.

When each first tooth 111 and each permanent magnet 130 are connected in series in a magnetic circuit, the following problems occur. When the magnetic flux of the field poles is reduced by the field windings 120, the magnetic fluxes of the field windings 120 pass through the permanent magnets 130 in the direction opposite to the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets 130. Therefore, the risk that each permanent magnet 130 is permanently demagnetized increases. According to the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1, each first tooth 111 and each permanent magnet 130 are arranged in parallel in a magnetic circuit. Therefore, the magnetic flux in the opposite direction due to each field winding 120 does not pass through each permanent magnet 130. This reduces the risk of each permanent magnet 130 being permanently demagnetized.

In the above example, the relationship of Pr = Pa + Pf is satisfied. However, even when the relationship of Pr = | Pa-Pf | is satisfied, the torque of the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 1 can be similarly increased.

In the above example, the first stator core 100 and the second stator core 200 are each formed of laminated iron cores. However, the first stator core 100 and the second stator core 200 may be formed by a dust core. In this case, the first stator end plate 140 and the second stator end plate 240 are not required. Further, the rotor 30 may be formed by a dust core.

Further, in the above example, each first tooth 111 around which each field winding 120 is wound is arranged radially outside the rotor 30 with respect to each permanent magnet 130 and each second tooth 112. However, each permanent magnet 130 and each second tooth 112 may be arranged radially outside of each field winding 120 and each first tooth 111. Further, the side surface of each of the first teeth 111 and the side surface of each of the second teeth 112 may be brought into contact with each other, and each of the first teeth 111 and each of the second teeth 112 may be integrated and wound with each field winding 120. As a result, the magnetic flux generated in each of the second teeth 112 by each field winding 120 can flow into each of the first teeth 111.

Further, in the above example, the case where each field winding 120 and each armature winding 220 are centrally wound has been described. However, each of these windings may be a distributed winding. Further, each of these windings may be a combination of a concentrated winding and a distributed winding. Further, one of the field winding 120 and the armature winding 220 may be arranged at a position inside the rotor 30 in the radial direction with respect to the other.

Further, in the above example, the configuration in which (Pa + Pf) of salient poles 311 protrude outward in the radial direction from the annular rotor base 310 in the rotor 30 has been described. However, the rotor 30 may magnetically have (Pa + Pf) salient poles. That is, the form of the rotor 30 may be any form as long as it is a reluctance type rotor. For example, a (Pa + Pf) set of flux barriers may be provided on the cylindrical rotor.

Further, in the above example, 2Pa is 8, 2Pf is 12, and Pa + Pf is 10. However, Pa and Pf may be in any combination as long as Pa ≠ Pf and | Pa-Pf | ≠ 1. The reason why Pa ≠ Pf is to prevent the field winding 120 and the armature winding 220 from being connected to the transformer. The reason why | Pa-Pf | ≠ 1 is that the magnetic attraction force acting between the first stator 10 and the rotor 30 and the magnetism acting between the second stator 20 and the rotor 30. This is to balance the suction forces and prevent abnormal vibration or noise from being generated on the rotating shaft. However, | Pa-Pf | ≠ 1 does not have to be used as long as there is no problem even if the characteristics are deteriorated due to these influences.

Further, in the above example, the number of slots for each pole and each phase in the second stator 20 is 1/2. However, any slot combination may be used for the second stator 20.

Embodiment 2.
Next, the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 to 8. In the second embodiment, in the first stator, the number of field windings and the arrangement of each permanent magnet are different from those in the first embodiment. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine according to the second embodiment for carrying out the present invention. FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view showing the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine of FIG. Further, FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the first stator of FIG. 7.

The hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 2 includes a first stator 11, a second stator 20, and a rotor 30. The second stator 20 faces the first stator 11 in the axial direction of the rotor 30. The rotor 30 is provided between the first stator 11 and the second stator 20. As a result, the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 2 according to the second embodiment is an axial gap type synchronous machine.

The first stator 11 has a first stator core 100, one field winding 121, a plurality of permanent magnets 131, a plurality of permanent magnets 132, and a first stator end plate 140. ing. The first stator core 100 has a first stator core base 110, a plurality of first teeth 111, and a plurality of second teeth 112.

Each permanent magnet 131 is arranged on each of the first teeth 111 by skipping one in the circumferential direction of the rotor 30. Further, each permanent magnet 132 is arranged on each of the second teeth 112 by skipping one in the circumferential direction of the rotor 30. In this case, for each of the first teeth 111 on which the permanent magnet 131 is arranged, the permanent magnet 132 is not arranged on each of the second teeth 112 on the radial inside of the rotor 30. That is, each permanent magnet 132 is arranged with respect to each permanent magnet 131 so as to be offset by one of the first teeth 111 or the second teeth 112 in the circumferential direction of the rotor 30. Further, the polarities of the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets 131 facing the rotor 30 are N poles, respectively. The polarities of the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets 132 facing the rotor 30 are S poles, respectively. That is, the polarity of the magnetic pole of each permanent magnet 131 facing the rotor 30 and the polarity of the magnetic pole of each permanent magnet 132 facing the rotor 30 alternate in the circumferential direction of the rotor 30 in the order of N pole and S pole. Have been placed. The arrangement of each permanent magnet 131 and the arrangement of each permanent magnet 132 are the same, the polarity of the magnetic pole of each permanent magnet 131 facing the rotor 30 is the S pole, and the arrangement of each permanent magnet 132 facing the rotor 30 is the same. The polarity of the magnetic pole may be N pole.

The height of each first tooth 111 in which each permanent magnet 131 is arranged is lower than the height of the first tooth 111 in which the permanent magnet 131 is not arranged by the thickness of each permanent magnet 131. Further, the height of each second tooth 112 in which each permanent magnet 132 is arranged is lower than the height of the second tooth 112 in which the permanent magnet 132 is not arranged by the thickness of each permanent magnet 132. Therefore, the heights of the permanent magnets 131, the first teeth 111 in which the permanent magnets 131 are not arranged, and the second teeth 112 in which the permanent magnets 132 and the permanent magnets 132 are not arranged are all equal. As a result, the gap between each permanent magnet 131 and the rotor 30, the gap between each first tooth 111 and the rotor 30 where the permanent magnet 131 is not arranged, the gap between each permanent magnet 132 and the rotor 30, and the permanent The gaps between each second tooth 112 and the rotor 30 where the magnet 132 is not arranged are all equal.

The field winding 121 is arranged radially inside the rotor 30 with respect to each of the first teeth 111. Further, the field winding 121 is arranged outside the rotor 30 in the radial direction with respect to each of the second teeth 112. As a result, the field winding 121 is arranged between the first teeth 111 and the second teeth 112. Further, the field winding 121 is arranged in an annular shape centered on the axis of the first stator 10. The field winding 121 does not pass between the first teeth 111. Therefore, as compared with the first embodiment, the distance between the first teeth 111 can be reduced. The cross-sectional area of each of the first teeth 111 when viewed from the rotor 30 can be made large. As a result, the range of magnetic flux generated by each of the first teeth 111 can be expanded, and the output range of the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 2 can be further expanded.

When a field current If is passed through the field winding 121, a magnetic flux is generated around the field winding 121. The magnetic permeability of each permanent magnet 131 and the magnetic permeability of each permanent magnet 132 are about 1.05, which are smaller than the magnetic permeability of each first tooth 111 and the magnetic permeability of each second tooth 112. Therefore, the magnetic flux generated by the field winding 121 preferentially passes through the first teeth 111 in which the permanent magnets 131 are not arranged, rather than the first teeth 111 in which the permanent magnets 131 are arranged. The magnetic flux generated by the field winding 121 preferentially passes through the second teeth 112 in which the permanent magnets 132 are not arranged, rather than the second teeth 112 in which the permanent magnets 132 are arranged. Therefore, magnetic poles are formed on each of the first teeth 111 on which the permanent magnet 131 is not arranged. Each permanent magnet 132 is arranged on each second tooth 112 which is radially inside the rotor 30 with respect to each first tooth 111 where the permanent magnet 131 is not arranged. As a result, the first teeth 111 and the permanent magnet 132, which are aligned in the radial direction of the rotor 30, form the field pole forming portion 190 that forms the field pole, respectively.

Similarly, a magnetic pole is formed on each second tooth 112 on which the permanent magnet 132 is not arranged. Each permanent magnet 131 is arranged on each first tooth 111 located radially outside the rotor 30 with respect to each second tooth 112 on which the permanent magnet 132 is not arranged. As a result, the second tooth 112 and the permanent magnet 131, which are aligned in the radial direction of the rotor 30, form the field pole forming portion 190 that forms the field pole, respectively. Here, each first tooth 111 on which the permanent magnet 131 is not arranged and each second tooth 112 on which the permanent magnet 132 is not arranged constitute a polar tooth.

When a counterclockwise field current If is flowing through the field winding 121 when viewed from the rotor 30 side, the polarities of the magnetic poles of the first teeth 111 facing the rotor 30 are all S poles. Become. Therefore, a large magnetomotive force of the S pole is generated in each of the first teeth 111 in which the permanent magnet 131 is not arranged. The polarity of the magnetic poles of each permanent magnet 132 facing the rotor 30 is also the S pole. As a result, the field magnetic flux of the S pole can be increased in the field magnetic pole forming portion 190 composed of the permanent magnets 132 of the S pole and the first teeth 111 of the S pole. Therefore, in this example, when the field current If is flowing counterclockwise in the field winding 121 when viewed from the rotor 30, the positive direction is obtained.

Further, the polarities of the magnetic poles of the second teeth 112 facing the rotor 30 are all N poles. A large magnetomotive force of the north pole is generated in each second tooth 112 in which the permanent magnet 132 is not arranged. The polarity of the magnetic poles of each permanent magnet 131 facing the rotor 30 is also N pole. As a result, the field magnetic flux of the N pole can be increased in each field magnetic pole forming portion 190 composed of the permanent magnets 131 of the N pole and the second teeth 112 of the N pole. As a result, when the field current If is passed in the positive direction of the field winding 121, the field magnetic flux due to the field magnetic pole forming portion 190 can be increased.

Further, when the field current If flows in the negative direction, the polarity of the magnetic poles of the first teeth 111 facing the rotor 30 becomes the north pole. Each permanent magnet 132 of the S pole is arranged on each second tooth 112 which is radially inside the rotor 30 with respect to each first tooth 111 where the permanent magnet 131 is not arranged. Therefore, each field magnetic pole forming portion 190 has each first tooth 111 of N pole and each permanent magnet 132 of S pole when viewed from the side of the rotor 30. As a result, the magnetomotive force of each permanent magnet 132 is reduced by the magnetomotive force of each first tooth 111. This also applies to the combination of the second teeth 112 of the S pole and the permanent magnets 131 of the N pole. As a result, when the field current If is passed in the negative direction of the field winding 121, the field magnetic flux due to the field magnetic pole forming portion 190 can be reduced. Further, the magnetomotive force of each field magnetic pole forming portion 190 can be set to 0 by adjusting the field current If. As a result, the magnetomotive force of each field magnetic pole forming portion 190 can be adjusted by the field current If, and the field magnetic flux can be widely increased or decreased.

In such a hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 2, the first stator 11 has one field winding 121. A magnetic pole is formed in each of the first teeth 111 and each second teeth 112 by energizing one field winding 121. As a result, the manufacturing process of the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 2 can be reduced. Further, since the area of each of the first teeth 111 when viewed from the rotor 30 can be increased, the output range of the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 2 can be further expanded.

Embodiment 3.
Next, the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine according to the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 to 12. FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine according to the third embodiment for carrying out the present invention.

The hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 3 includes a first stator 12, a second stator 22, and a rotor 32. The second stator 22 faces the first stator 12 in the radial direction of the rotor 32. The rotor 32 is provided between the first stator 12 and the second stator 22. The shapes of the first stator 12, the second stator 22, and the rotor 32 are cylindrical, respectively. Further, a gap is provided between the first stator 12 and the rotor 32. A gap is provided between the rotor 32 and the second stator 22. As a result, the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 3 according to the third embodiment is a radial gap type synchronous machine. The rotor 32 is fixed to a rotating shaft (not shown). The rotating shaft is rotatably supported by a housing (not shown). The rotor 32 is arranged coaxially with the rotation axis.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing the first stator of FIG. The first stator 12 has a first stator core 101, a plurality of field windings 122, and a plurality of permanent magnets 133. The first stator core 101 has a first stator core base 115 and a plurality of first teeth 116. The shape of the first stator core base 115 is a cylindrical shape. The first stator core 101 has a first region 171 on one side and a second region 172 on the other side in the axial direction of the rotor 32 on the outer peripheral surface of the first stator core base 115. Have.

In the first region 171, the permanent magnets 133 are arranged so as to be spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction of the rotor 32. The shape of each permanent magnet 133 is a rectangular parallelepiped shape. The polarities of the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets 133 facing the rotor 32 are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction of the rotor 32 in the order of the north pole and the south pole. In this example, 12 permanent magnets 133 are arranged in the first region 171.

In the second region 172, the first teeth 116 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the rotor 32 according to the positions of the permanent magnets 133. Each of the first teeth 116 is arranged with a space between each permanent magnet 133 and the rotor 32 in the axial direction. Each first tooth 116 projects from the first stator core base 115 toward the radial outer side of the rotor 32. The shape of each first tooth 116 is a rectangular parallelepiped shape.

Each field winding 122 is individually wound around each first tooth 116. Each field winding 122 is wound with the radial direction of the rotor 32 as the axial direction of the winding. The winding direction of each field winding 122 alternates in the circumferential direction of the rotor 32 in the order of clockwise direction and counterclockwise direction when viewed from the rotor 32. Each first tooth 116 constitutes a polar tooth. A magnetic pole is formed in each of the first teeth 116 by energizing each field winding 122. The plurality of permanent magnets 133 may be arranged in the second region 172, and the plurality of first teeth 116 may be arranged in the first region 171.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing the second stator of FIG. The second stator 22 has a second stator core 201 and a plurality of armature windings 221. The second stator core 201 has a second stator core base 215 and a plurality of third teeth 216. The shape of the second stator core base 215 is a cylindrical shape. Each third tooth 216 projects radially inward from the second stator core base 215 of the rotor 32. The shape of each third tooth 216 is a rectangular parallelepiped shape. Each armature winding 221 is individually wound around each third tooth 216. In this example, twelve third teeth 216 are provided on the second stator core base 215.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing the rotor of FIG. The shape of the rotor 32 is a cylindrical shape. The rotor 32 has a plurality of salient poles 312 and a plurality of resin portions 320. The plurality of salient poles 312 and the plurality of resin portions 320 are integrally molded. The salient poles 312 and the resin portions 320 are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotor 32. In this example, 10 salient poles 312 and 10 resin portions 320 are arranged. The salient poles 312 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the rotor 32.

Each salient pole 312 is formed of a magnetic material. The resin portion 320 is formed of a resin material. The resin portion 320 has a non-magnetic property. Therefore, when viewed magnetically, only the salient pole 312 is arranged in the space. In this example, the resin portion 320 is arranged only between the salient poles 312. However, the resin portion 320 may form a cylindrical shape, and the resin portion 320 may be configured to partially individually wrap each salient pole 312 in the circumferential direction of the rotor 32.

The first teeth 116 and the permanent magnets 133, which are aligned and arranged in the axial direction of the rotor 32, each form a field pole forming portion 190. Each of the field pole forming portions 190 has a permanent magnet 133 and a first tooth 116 in which a magnetic pole is formed by energizing the field winding 122. As a result, a field magnetic pole is formed in each of the field pole forming portions 190 by the magnetic poles of the first teeth 116 and the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet 133.

In each of the first teeth 116 provided according to the position of each permanent magnet 133 of the N pole, each field winding so that the polarity of the magnetic pole of each first tooth 116 facing the rotor 32 becomes the N pole. A field current If is passed through 122. In this case, in each of the first teeth 116 provided in accordance with the position of each permanent magnet 133 of the S pole, the polarity of the magnetic pole of each of the first teeth 116 facing the rotor 32 is the S pole. As a result, the field magnetic flux of the field magnetic pole forming portion 190 increases. On the other hand, when the field current If is passed through each field winding 122 in the opposite direction, the field magnetic flux of the field magnetic pole forming portion 190 is reduced. As a result, the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 3 having a wide output range can be obtained.

According to such a hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine 3, each of the first stator 12 and the second stator 22 faces the rotor 32 in the radial direction of the rotor 32. This makes it possible to manufacture a motor having an elongated shape in the axial direction of the rotor 32.

Embodiment 4.
Next, the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine according to the fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the fourth embodiment, in the first stator, the number of field windings and the arrangement of each permanent magnet are different from those in the third embodiment. FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a first stator of the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine according to the fourth embodiment for carrying out the present invention.

The first stator 13 has a first stator core 101, one field winding 123, a plurality of permanent magnets 134, and a plurality of permanent magnets 135. The first stator core 101 has a first stator core base 115, a plurality of first teeth 116, and a plurality of second teeth 117. Each of the first teeth 116 and each of the second teeth 117 protrudes from the first stator core base 115 toward the radial outer side of the rotor 32.

In the first region 171, the permanent magnets 134 and the first teeth 116 are alternately arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the rotor 32. The shape of each permanent magnet 134 is a rectangular parallelepiped shape. The polarity of the magnetic poles of each permanent magnet 134 facing the rotor 32 is N pole. In this example, the first teeth 116 and the permanent magnets 134 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the rotor 32.

In the second region 172, the permanent magnets 135 and the second teeth 117 are alternately arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the rotor 32. Each permanent magnet 135 is arranged so as to align with the position of each first tooth 116 in the axial direction of the rotor 32. A gap is provided between each permanent magnet 135 and each first tooth 116. Each second tooth 117 is arranged so as to align with the position of each permanent magnet 134 in the axial direction of the rotor 32. A gap is provided between each second tooth 117 and each permanent magnet 134. The shape of each permanent magnet 135 is a rectangular parallelepiped shape. The polarity of the magnetic poles of each permanent magnet 135 facing the rotor 32 is the S pole.

The field winding 123 is wound in the circumferential direction of the rotor 32 at the boundary between the first region 171 and the second region 172. The field winding 123 passes between each permanent magnet 134 and each second tooth 117. Further, the field winding 123 passes between each of the first teeth 116 and each of the permanent magnets 135. Each first tooth 116 and each second tooth 117 constitutes a polar tooth. A magnetic pole is formed in each of the first teeth 116 and each second teeth 117 by energizing the field winding 123. The permanent magnet 134 and each second tooth 117 form a field pole forming portion 190. Further, the permanent magnet 135 and each of the first teeth 116 form a field pole forming portion 190.

A field current If is passed through the field winding 123 in a clockwise direction when the first region 171 to the second region 172 are viewed. In this case, the polarities of the magnetic poles of the second teeth 117 facing the rotor 32 are N poles. A field magnetic pole is formed in the field magnetic pole forming portion 190 by the magnetic poles of the second teeth 117 and the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet 134. The field magnetic flux of the N pole can be increased in the field magnetic pole forming portion 190 composed of the permanent magnets 134 of the N pole and the second teeth 117 of the N pole. Further, the polarities of the magnetic poles of the first teeth 116 facing the rotor 32 are S poles. A field magnetic pole is formed in the field magnetic pole forming portion 190 by the magnetic poles of the first teeth 116 and the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet 135. The field magnetic flux of the S pole can be increased in the field pole forming portion 190 composed of the permanent magnets 135 of the S pole and the first teeth 116 of the S pole. Therefore, each of the field magnetic flux forming portions 190 can increase the field magnetic flux.

On the other hand, when the field current If is passed through the field winding 123 in the counterclockwise direction when the first region 171 to the second region 172 are viewed, the field magnetic flux is reduced. Can be done. As a result, the range of increase / decrease in the field magnetic flux of the first stator 13 can be expanded, and the output range of the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine can be expanded.

According to such a hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine, the manufacturing process of the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine can be reduced by the amount of the winding process of the field winding.

1,2,3 Hybrid field double gap synchronous machine 10,11,12,13 1st stator, 20,22 2nd stator, 30,32 rotor, 111,116 1st teeth (poles) Teeth), 112,117 Second Teeth (pole teeth), 120,121,122,123 Field winding, 130,131,132,133,134,135 Permanent magnet, 190 field pole forming part, 220,221 Armature winding, 311, 312 salient poles.

Claims (7)

The first stator and
A second stator facing the first stator,
A rotor provided between the first stator and the second stator is provided.
The first stator has a field winding and a plurality of field pole forming portions arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotor.
The second stator has an armature winding and
Each of the plurality of field pole forming portions has a permanent magnet and a polar tooth on which a magnetic pole is formed by energizing the field winding.
In each of the plurality of field magnetic pole forming portions, the magnetic pole of the pole teeth faces the rotor, and the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet faces the rotor at a position deviated from the position of the pole teeth.
A field magnetic pole is formed in each of the plurality of field pole forming portions by the magnetic poles of the polar teeth and the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet.
The first stator has one of the field windings.
Each said the pole teeth, the hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine poles Ru are each formed by a current supply to said one field winding. The first stator and
A second stator facing the first stator,
A rotor provided between the first stator and the second stator is provided.
The first stator has a field winding and a plurality of field pole forming portions arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotor.
The second stator has an armature winding and
Each of the plurality of field magnetic pole forming portions comprises a permanent magnet in which the magnetic pole on the side facing the rotor is an N pole or an S pole, and a pole tooth in which the magnetic pole is formed by energizing the field winding. Have and
In each of the plurality of field magnetic pole forming portions, the magnetic pole of the pole teeth faces the rotor, and the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet faces the rotor at a position deviated from the position of the pole teeth.
A field magnetic pole is formed in each of the plurality of field magnetic pole forming portions by the magnetic pole of the polar tooth and the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet, and the magnetomotive force of the field winding and the magnetomotive force of the permanent magnet are arranged in parallel. Hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine. The hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine according to claim 2, wherein the pole teeth around which the field winding is wound are arranged outside the permanent magnet. The hybrid field type double gap synchronizer according to claim 2 or 3 , wherein the first stator has a plurality of the field windings individually provided for each of the pole teeth. The rotor has a plurality of salient poles arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotor, and has a plurality of salient poles.
In the second stator, a plurality of armature magnetic poles arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotor are formed by energizing the armature winding.
If the number of salient poles is Pr, the number of pole pairs of the armature magnetic poles is Pa, and the number of pole pairs of the field poles is Pf , then any one of claims 1 to 4 satisfying the relationship of Pr = | Pa ± Pf | The hybrid field type double gap synchronous machine according to item 1. The hybrid field double according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein each of the first stator and the second stator faces the rotor in the axial direction of the rotor. Gap synchronous machine. The hybrid field double according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein each of the first stator and the second stator faces the rotor in the radial direction of the rotor. Gap synchronous machine.

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