JP6768316B2 - Manufacturing method of water quality improving material and water quality improving method - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of water quality improving material and water quality improving method Download PDFInfo
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Description
本発明は、水質改善材の製造方法及び水質改善方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a manufacturing method and quality improvement method of water quality improving agent.
河川、湖沼、海辺等では、ヘドロ等の沈殿物が堆積し、水質悪化が生じやすい。このような状況下では、植物プランクトンにとって必要な栄養が不足しやすい。なかでも鉄分が不足すると、植物プランクトンの光合成が不活性になるとともに繁殖が進まない。その結果、植物プランクトンによるヘドロ等の有機物の分解が進まず、水質の悪化を招く。また、植物プランクトンは食物連鎖の基礎であるので、植物プランクトンの繁殖が抑えられると、植物プランクトンを餌とする水中生物の活性が損なわれる。その結果、水中生物環境全体の更なる悪化を招くとともに、更なる水質悪化が促進されてしまう。 Sediments such as sludge accumulate in rivers, lakes, and beaches, and water quality is likely to deteriorate. Under these circumstances, phytoplankton are likely to lack the nutrients they need. In particular, when iron is insufficient, photosynthesis of phytoplankton becomes inactive and reproduction does not proceed. As a result, the decomposition of organic matter such as sludge by phytoplankton does not proceed, leading to deterioration of water quality. Also, since phytoplankton is the basis of the food chain, suppression of phytoplankton reproduction impairs the activity of aquatic organisms that feed on phytoplankton. As a result, the entire aquatic biological environment is further deteriorated, and further deterioration of water quality is promoted.
水質環境の改善のため、例えば、特許文献１のように、鉄キレート発生材を湖沼等に投入し、鉄キレートを生成させ、これを植物プランクトンに摂取させて悪化した水質を改善する方法がある。 In order to improve the water quality environment, for example, as in Patent Document 1, there is a method of adding an iron chelate generating material to a lake or the like to generate an iron chelate, and ingesting this into phytoplankton to improve the deteriorated water quality. ..
特許文献１の鉄キレート発生材は、水中で二価鉄を溶出させ得るものの、その溶出量は十分とは言えず、未だ改良の余地がある。 Although the iron chelate generator of Patent Document 1 can elute ferrous iron in water, the amount of elution is not sufficient and there is still room for improvement.
本発明は、上記事項に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的とするところは、より豊富に二価鉄を溶出可能な水質改善材の製造方法及び水質改善方法を提供することにある。 The present invention has been made in view of the above matters, and it is an object more abundantly is to provide a manufacturing method and a quality improvement method of the divalent iron elutable water quality improving agent.
本発明の第一の観点に係る水質改善材の製造方法は、
鉄と炭と焼酎滓又は柑橘類の滓とを混練し、成形して焼成することで鉄溶出材を製造し、
前記鉄溶出材を２０ｗｔ％〜１００ｗｔ％のレモン汁含有溶液に浸漬させ、前記鉄溶出材に前記レモン汁含有溶液を含浸させる、
ことを特徴とする。
The method for producing a water quality improving material according to the first aspect of the present invention is as follows.
Iron, charcoal, shochu slag or citrus slag are kneaded, molded and fired to produce an iron eluent .
The iron eluate is immersed in a 20 wt% to 100 wt% lemon juice-containing solution, and the iron eluate is impregnated with the lemon juice-containing solution.
It is characterized by that.
本発明の第二の観点に係る水質改善方法は、
鉄と炭と焼酎滓又は柑橘類の滓とを混練し、成形して焼成することで鉄溶出材を製造し、前記鉄溶出材を２０ｗｔ％〜１００ｗｔ％のレモン汁含有溶液に浸漬させ、前記鉄溶出材に前記レモン汁含有溶液を含浸させて得られた水質改善材を湖沼、河川、海、或いは水槽の水に介在させて水質を改善する、
ことを特徴とする。
The water quality improvement method according to the second aspect of the present invention is
Iron, charcoal, and shochu slag or citrus slag are kneaded, molded, and fired to produce an iron eluent, and the iron eluate is immersed in a 20 wt% to 100 wt% lemon juice-containing solution to obtain the iron. The water quality improving material obtained by impregnating the elution material with the lemon juice-containing solution is interposed in the water of a lake, river, sea, or aquarium to improve the water quality.
It is characterized by that.
本発明によって製造される水質改善材では、水中に介在させることで、多くの二価鉄を溶出することができる。 Water quality improving agent of the present invention thus are prepared, by interposing in water, it can be eluted Many bivalent iron.
（水質改善材）
水質改善材は、鉄と炭とキレート剤とを含有する鉄溶出材と、鉄溶出材に含浸しているレモン汁とを備えている。
(Water quality improving material)
The water quality improving material includes an iron elution material containing iron, charcoal, and a chelating agent, and lemon juice impregnated in the iron elution material.
鉄溶出材は、鉄と炭とキレート剤とを含有し、一体的に形成された構造をしている。鉄溶出材の形状は特に限定されず、球体、立方体、円柱体などが挙げられる。また、鉄溶出材の大きさについても特に限定されない。 The iron elution material contains iron, charcoal, and a chelating agent, and has an integrally formed structure. The shape of the iron elution material is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a sphere, a cube, and a cylinder. Further, the size of the iron elution material is not particularly limited.
鉄は、鉄原子を含有しているものであればよい。鉄合金や鉄酸化物であってもよく、屑鉄等も用いることができる。 The iron may be any iron containing an iron atom. It may be an iron alloy or an iron oxide, and scrap iron or the like can also be used.
炭は、炭素を含有していればよく、例えば、コークス、黒鉛、木炭、竹角、石炭等、種々の炭を用いることができる。炭素は鉄よりも電気陰性度が高いため、水中で鉄と接触すると鉄を酸化させ、鉄イオンを溶出させる。 The charcoal may contain carbon, and various charcoals such as coke, graphite, charcoal, bamboo horn, and coal can be used. Since carbon has a higher electronegativity than iron, when it comes into contact with iron in water, it oxidizes iron and elutes iron ions.
キレート剤は、溶出した鉄イオンと結合して鉄キレートを形成する。キレート剤は、２価鉄イオンとキレート化し得るものであれば特に制限はないが、焼酎滓や柑橘類の滓など、粘性を有するものなど、鉄と炭とを混練する際にバインダーとしての機能を発揮し得るものが好ましい。 The chelating agent combines with the eluted iron ions to form an iron chelate. The chelating agent is not particularly limited as long as it can chelate with divalent iron ions, but it functions as a binder when kneading iron and charcoal, such as viscous substances such as shochu slag and citrus slag. Those that can exert are preferable.
レモン汁は、レモン果実を搾って得られる搾り汁である。レモン汁は、レモン果実を皮ごと搾ったもの、果肉だけを搾ったもの、皮だけを搾ったものなど、いずれであってもよい。レモン汁は鉄溶出材に対して１〜５ｗｔ％含浸していることが好ましい。 Lemon juice is a squeezed juice obtained by squeezing lemon fruits. The lemon juice may be any of squeezed lemon fruits with their skins, squeezed flesh only, and squeezed only skins. The lemon juice is preferably impregnated with 1 to 5 wt% of the iron eluate.
（水質改善材の製造方法）
まず、鉄溶出材を準備する。鉄と炭とキレート剤（例えば、焼酎滓や柑橘類の滓）とを混練し、所定の形状に成形する。この成形体を炉等に入れて、所定条件下で焼成することにより、鉄溶出材を製造する。炭は、鉄が溶出される程度含まれていればよく、キレート剤は、鉄と炭とを混練して成形できる程度含まれていればよい。
(Manufacturing method of water quality improving material)
First, an iron elution material is prepared. Iron, charcoal, and a chelating agent (for example, shochu dregs and citrus dregs) are kneaded and formed into a predetermined shape. An iron elution material is produced by putting this molded product in a furnace or the like and firing it under predetermined conditions. The charcoal may be contained to the extent that iron is eluted, and the chelating agent may be contained to the extent that iron and charcoal can be kneaded and formed.
或いは、鉄溶出材をレモン汁含有溶液に浸漬させる。レモン汁含有溶液は、レモンの果実を搾ったレモン汁をそのまま用いても、レモン汁を水で希釈して調製した溶液を用いてもよい。水で希釈したレモン汁含有溶液を用いる場合、レモン汁が２０ｗｔ％以上とすることが好ましい。また、レモン汁含有溶液への浸漬は、常温で行えばよい。また、浸漬時間は、十分にレモン汁含有溶液が含浸する程度の時間であればよく、３０分以上、より好ましくは６０分以上とすればよい。これにより、水質改善材が得られる。 Alternatively, the iron eluate is immersed in a lemon juice-containing solution. As the lemon juice-containing solution, lemon juice obtained by squeezing lemon fruits may be used as it is, or a solution prepared by diluting lemon juice with water may be used. When a lemon juice-containing solution diluted with water is used, the lemon juice is preferably 20 wt% or more. Further, the immersion in the lemon juice-containing solution may be carried out at room temperature. The immersion time may be such that the lemon juice-containing solution is sufficiently impregnated, and may be 30 minutes or longer, more preferably 60 minutes or longer. As a result, a water quality improving material can be obtained.
また、得られた水質改善材は、乾燥、酸化を防止すべく、密閉可能な容器、袋等に入れて保存しておくことが望ましい。 Further, it is desirable to store the obtained water quality improving material in a sealable container, bag or the like in order to prevent drying and oxidation.
（水質改善方法）
水質改善方法では、上述した水質改善材を、河川、湖沼、海、水槽等の水中に介在させる。水中でキレート剤が除々に分離すると、鉄と炭が接触し、炭よりも電気陰性度が低い鉄が酸化されてＦｅ２＋イオンが溶出する。さらに、Ｆｅ２＋イオンがキレート剤と反応し、鉄キレートを形成する。また、原理は明かではないが、水質改善材には、レモン汁が含浸していることから、レモン汁の作用によりＦｅ２＋イオンの溶出、キレート化が促進される。これにより、豊富にＦｅ２＋イオンが溶出されることになる。溶出したＦｅ２＋イオンはキレート状態で水中に存在することとなるため、Ｆｅ３＋イオンに酸化されることが抑制される。
(Water quality improvement method)
In the water quality improvement method, the above-mentioned water quality improvement material is interposed in water such as rivers, lakes, seas, and aquariums. When the chelating agent gradually separates in water, iron and charcoal come into contact with each other, iron having a lower electronegativity than charcoal is oxidized, and Fe 2+ ions are eluted. Furthermore, Fe 2+ ions react with the chelating agent to form an iron chelate. In addition, although the principle is not clear, since the water quality improving material is impregnated with lemon juice, the action of lemon juice promotes elution and chelation of Fe 2+ ions. As a result, Fe 2+ ions are abundantly eluted. Since the eluted Fe 2+ ions are present in water in a chelated state, oxidation to Fe 3+ ions is suppressed.
このように、水質改善材は、湖沼や河川、海辺等の閉鎖性水域や水槽の水中へ介在させることにより、植物プランクトンの重要な栄養源であるＦｅ２＋を豊富に供給し、イオン状態（キレート状態）のまま安定に水中に存在する。このため、食物連鎖の基礎である植物プランクトンがＦｅ２＋を摂取することができる。これにより、植物プランクトンの光合成が活性化するとともに、植物プランクトンの増殖が促され、水中の有機物を分解することになる。更には、植物プランクトンを餌とする水中生物の増殖、活性化につながる。更には、Ｆｅ２＋は水中のリンと結びつくとリン酸鉄となってリンを固定化し、アオコや赤潮の原因となる富栄養化を防ぐ。これらが相まって、水質が改善されることになる。 In this way, the water quality improving material supplies abundant Fe 2+ , which is an important nutrient source for phytoplankton, by interposing it in closed water areas such as lakes, rivers, and seasides, and in water in aquariums, and is in an ionic state (chelate). It exists stably in water as it is. Therefore, phytoplankton, which is the basis of the food chain, can ingest Fe 2+ . As a result, the photosynthesis of phytoplankton is activated, the growth of phytoplankton is promoted, and organic matter in water is decomposed. Furthermore, it leads to the growth and activation of aquatic organisms that feed on phytoplankton. Furthermore, when Fe 2+ binds to phosphorus in water, it becomes iron phosphate and immobilizes phosphorus, preventing eutrophication that causes blue-green algae and red tide. Together, these will improve water quality.
水質改善材は、豊富に二価鉄を溶出させることができるため、湖沼等への水質改善材の投入量を少なくすることができ、水質改善に要するコストの低減にもつながる。 Since the water quality improving material can elute abundant divalent iron, the amount of the water quality improving material input to lakes and marshes can be reduced, which leads to a reduction in the cost required for improving the water quality.
（実施例１：Ｆｅ２＋イオン溶出の検証）
鉄溶出材として、水質・底質浄化炭（商品名：キレートマリン、日の丸産業株式会社製）を準備した。
(Example 1: Verification of Fe 2+ ion elution)
Water quality / bottom sediment purified charcoal (trade name: chelate marine, manufactured by Hinomaru Sangyo Co., Ltd.) was prepared as an iron elution material.
この鉄溶出材（５０ｇ）を、レモン汁含有溶液（１０ｍＬ）に２０分間浸漬させた。そして、レモン汁含有溶液から鉄溶出材を取り出し、水質改善材を得た。得られた水質改善材は、乾燥しないよう、袋に入れて密封し保存しておいた。レモン汁含有溶液として、レモン果実を皮ごと搾った汁を１００ｗｔ％、６０ｗｔ％、４０ｗｔ％、及び、２０ｗｔ％の各溶液を用い、それぞれのレモン汁含有溶液に鉄溶出材を浸漬して得られた水質改善材をレモン１００、レモン６０、レモン４０、及び、レモン２０と、それぞれ記す。なお、レモン汁の希釈には純水を用いた。 This iron eluate (50 g) was immersed in a lemon juice-containing solution (10 mL) for 20 minutes. Then, the iron elution material was taken out from the lemon juice-containing solution to obtain a water quality improving material. The obtained water quality improving material was placed in a bag, sealed and stored so as not to dry. As a lemon juice-containing solution, 100 wt%, 60 wt%, 40 wt%, and 20 wt% solutions of lemon fruit squeezed together with the skin are used, and an iron elution material is immersed in each lemon juice-containing solution. The water quality improving materials are described as lemon 100, lemon 60, lemon 40, and lemon 20, respectively. Pure water was used to dilute the lemon juice.
１Ｌの純水に、それぞれの水質改善材を投入した。そして、水質改善材を投入して１時間後の水中のＦｅ２＋イオン濃度を測定した。 Each water quality improving material was added to 1 L of pure water. Then, the Fe 2+ ion concentration in the water 1 hour after the water quality improving material was added was measured.
また、レモン汁含有溶液に浸漬させなかった鉄溶出材についても、上記と同様に行った。これをブランクと記す。 The same procedure as above was applied to the iron eluate that was not immersed in the lemon juice-containing solution. This is referred to as blank.
それぞれのＦｅ２＋イオン濃度の結果を表１に示す。 The results of each Fe 2+ ion concentration are shown in Table 1.
ブランクでは、Ｆｅ２＋イオン濃度は０．１ｐｐｍ以下であった。レモン１００、６０、４０、２０では、Ｆｅ２＋イオン濃度が１０ｐｐｍ、３ｐｐｍ、２ｐｐｍ、１ｐｐｍであり、いずれもブランクよりもＦｅ２＋イオンを溶出していることがわかる。 In the blank, the Fe 2+ ion concentration was 0.1 ppm or less. In lemons 100, 60, 40, and 20, the Fe 2+ ion concentration is 10 ppm, 3 ppm, 2 ppm, and 1 ppm, and it can be seen that Fe 2+ ions are eluted more than the blank.
（実施例２：水質改善の検証）
平成２７年１１月１２日に国営備北丘陵公園（広島県庄原市三日市町４−１０）の新池（面積：約３３０ｍ２、深さ：約５０ｃｍ）に水質改善材を約６６ｋｇ投入した。水質改善材は実施例１のレモン１００を用いた。そして、投入日（平成２７年１１月１２日）及びその約一ヶ月後（平成２７年１２月１４日）の池の水質分析を行った。水質分析結果を表２に示す。
(Example 2: Verification of water quality improvement)
On November 12, 2015, about 66 kg of water quality improving material was put into the new pond (area: about 330 m 2 , depth: about 50 cm) in the national Bihoku Hillside Park (4-10 Mikkaichicho, Shobara City, Hiroshima Prefecture). As the water quality improving material, Lemon 100 of Example 1 was used. Then, the water quality of the pond was analyzed on the input date (November 12, 2015) and about one month after that (December 14, 2015). The results of water quality analysis are shown in Table 2.
表２を見ると水質改善材を投入して約一ヶ月後には、池の水のＳＳ（浮遊物質量）が３４．６７ｍｇ／Ｌから４．３３ｍｇ／Ｌに大幅に減少し、そして、透視度が２０ｃｍから１００ｃｍを超えるまでになっている。そして、ＣＯＤ（Chemical Oxygen Demand）が二価鉄溶出材の投入前の１／３になっており、水中の有機物が減少している。また、大腸菌についても大幅な低下がみられ、これはレモン汁の成分による抗菌作用が関与しているものと考えられる。 Looking at Table 2, about one month after adding the water quality improving material, the SS (suspended solids amount) of the pond water decreased significantly from 34.67 mg / L to 4.33 mg / L, and the transparency. Is from 20 cm to over 100 cm. The COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) is 1/3 of that before the divalent iron eluate is added, and the amount of organic matter in the water is reduced. In addition, a significant decrease was also observed in Escherichia coli, which is considered to be related to the antibacterial action of the components of lemon juice.
一般に、浮遊物質を多く含む水は透視度が下がり、太陽光が遮られることによって藻類の光合成が阻害される。また、汚濁の進んだ水では有機物の浮遊物質の比率が高くなり、その有機物の分解に溶存酸素が消費されるため生態系に大きな影響を与え、水質悪化にもつながる。本実施例における水質改善材の水中への投入により、浮遊物質の減少、透視度の上昇を促し、上記の生態系、水質悪化の改善が可能であることがわかる。 In general, water containing a large amount of suspended solids has low transparency, and the photosynthesis of algae is inhibited by blocking sunlight. In addition, in highly polluted water, the proportion of suspended solids in organic matter increases, and dissolved oxygen is consumed in the decomposition of the organic matter, which has a great impact on the ecosystem and leads to deterioration of water quality. It can be seen that the introduction of the water quality improving material into water in this example promotes the reduction of suspended solids and the increase in transparency, and can improve the above-mentioned ecosystem and water quality deterioration.
Claims (2)
前記鉄溶出材を２０ｗｔ％〜１００ｗｔ％のレモン汁含有溶液に浸漬させ、前記鉄溶出材に前記レモン汁含有溶液を含浸させる、
ことを特徴とする水質改善材の製造方法。 Iron, charcoal, shochu slag or citrus slag are kneaded, molded and fired to produce an iron eluent .
The iron eluate is immersed in a 20 wt% to 100 wt% lemon juice-containing solution, and the iron eluate is impregnated with the lemon juice-containing solution.
A method for producing a water quality improving material.
ことを特徴とする水質改善方法。 Iron, charcoal, and shochu slag or citrus slag are kneaded, molded, and fired to produce an iron eluent, and the iron eluate is immersed in a 20 wt% to 100 wt% lemon juice-containing solution to obtain the iron. The water quality improving material obtained by impregnating the elution material with the lemon juice-containing solution is interposed in the water of a lake, river, sea, or aquarium to improve the water quality.
A method for improving water quality that is characterized by this.
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