JP2011050934A - Solid matter for water purification and marine resource growth - Google Patents
Solid matter for water purification and marine resource growth Download PDFInfo
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- JP2011050934A JP2011050934A JP2009205122A JP2009205122A JP2011050934A JP 2011050934 A JP2011050934 A JP 2011050934A JP 2009205122 A JP2009205122 A JP 2009205122A JP 2009205122 A JP2009205122 A JP 2009205122A JP 2011050934 A JP2011050934 A JP 2011050934A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、海や川、湖、池、沼等において使用されるものであり、水中（海水中又は淡水中）に浸漬して鉄イオン（二価鉄イオン）を溶出させることによって、水質の浄化と水産資源（魚介類や海藻類、海草類等）の育成と増加を図れるようにした水質浄化及び水産資源育成用の固形物に関するものである。 The present invention is used in seas, rivers, lakes, ponds, swamps, etc., and is immersed in water (in seawater or fresh water) to elute iron ions (divalent iron ions). The present invention relates to a solid material for water purification and marine resource cultivation that can purify and grow and increase fishery resources (seafood, seaweeds, seaweeds, etc.).
従来から水中に鉄分が少なければ、植物プランクトンや海藻類（アオサ、コンブ、ワカメ、ヒジキ、テングサ等）、海草類（スガモ、アマモ等）が発生しないことが知られている。植物プランクトンや海藻類、海草類が発生しなければ、水中に生息している動物プランクトン、小魚や大きい魚、カキやホタテガイ、アワビ等の貝、ウニ、エビ、カニ等も成長しないことになる。 Conventionally, it is known that phytoplankton, seaweeds (Aosa, kombu, seaweed, hinoki, Japanese prickly thorns, etc.) and seaweeds (Sugamo, Amamo, etc.) do not occur if there is little iron in the water. If phytoplankton, seaweeds, and seagrasses are not generated, zooplankton, small and large fish, oysters, scallops, abalone shells, sea urchins, shrimp, crabs, etc. will not grow.
全ての植物プラントや海藻類等は、窒素や燐等の栄養塩類を体内に吸収するためには、最初に少量の鉄分を体内に取り込まなければならない。そのため、鉄が全く無ければ、食物連鎖は基本的に成立しないことになる。 All plant plants and seaweeds must first take in a small amount of iron in order to absorb nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus. Therefore, if there is no iron at all, the food chain is basically not established.
一方、南氷洋やアラスカ湾、赤道付近の海域に於いては、窒素や燐等の栄養塩類が非常に豊富であるが、植物プラントの数が少ない。調査の結果、これらの海域では、海水中の鉄分が全く存在しないか、或いは非常に僅かな量しか存在しないことが判明した。 On the other hand, in the Southern Ocean, the Gulf of Alaska, and the sea around the equator, nutrient salts such as nitrogen and phosphorus are very abundant, but the number of plant plants is small. As a result of the investigation, it was found that in these sea areas there was no or very little iron in the sea water.
従って、鉄が海水に溶けるなら、植物プランクトンや海藻類、海草類は急速に増殖することになり、この現象が大規模になると、二酸化炭素が海藻類や海草類に吸収されて減少し、地球温暖化を防ぐことが可能になる。 Therefore, if iron dissolves in seawater, phytoplankton, seaweeds and seaweeds will grow rapidly, and if this phenomenon becomes large, carbon dioxide will be absorbed and reduced by seaweeds and seaweeds. It becomes possible to prevent.
そこで、従来より、植物プランクトンや海藻類、海草類を繁殖させて魚介類を呼び戻すために多くの技術が提案されている。 Therefore, many techniques have been proposed in the past for breeding phytoplankton, seaweeds and seaweeds to bring back seafood.
例えば、海中にコンクリート製の漁礁を沈め、漁礁を沈めた海域を、植物プランクトンや海藻類、海草類が繁茂する藻場とし、魚介類が住み着きやすい生活環境の場所にすることが行われている。 For example, a concrete fishing reef is submerged in the sea, and the sea area where the reef is submerged is used as a place where the phytoplankton, seaweeds and seaweeds are prosperous, making it a place of living environment where seafood is easy to live.
しかしながら、従来のコンクリート製の漁礁は、海藻類や海草類の発育に長時間を要し、且つコンクリートが石灰質であるため、発生した海藻類や海草類がコンクリートから離脱し易いと云う欠点があった。そのため、水質の浄化と水産資源の育成及び増加があまり望めないことになる。 However, conventional concrete fishing reefs have a drawback that it takes a long time for the growth of seaweeds and seaweeds, and since the concrete is calcareous, the generated seaweeds and seaweeds are easily detached from the concrete. Therefore, the purification of water quality and the development and increase of fishery resources cannot be expected.
また、海中に海藻類や海草類の成長、繁殖を促す鉄イオンを溶出する鉄材を用いたコンクリート製の構造物が提案されている。
この構造物としては、鉄材及び貝殻をセメントに混合して成形した海藻養殖用のコンクリートブロック（特開平５−１９２０４８号公報）、表面に二価鉄イオンを溶出する増殖材（二価の鉄を含む鉄分をガラス質材料とセメントモルタルとを混合して板状に硬化させたもの）を配設したテトラポッド（登録商標）構造の構造物（特開平８−２１４７２５号公報）、表面に鋼材を骨材の替わりに使用して製作したコンクリートブロックを貼り付け又は埋設した構造物（特開２００２−１９４７２４号公報）が知られている。
In addition, concrete structures using iron materials that elute iron ions that promote the growth and reproduction of seaweeds and seaweeds in the sea have been proposed.
As this structure, a concrete block for seaweed cultivation formed by mixing iron and shells with cement (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-192048), a breeding material that elutes divalent iron ions on the surface (bivalent iron) Tetrapod (registered trademark) structure having an iron content mixed with vitreous material and cement mortar and cured in a plate shape (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-214725), and steel on the surface There is known a structure (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-194724) in which a concrete block manufactured by using instead of an aggregate is attached or embedded.
しかし、鉄材を用いたコンクリート製の構造物は、水中に鉄イオンを溶出することによって、海藻類や海草類の生育が盛んになり、魚介類にとって好適な生活環境を創り出すことができる反面、鉄イオンの溶出が自然に任され、鉄イオンの溶出に時間を要し、即効性がないと云う問題があった。 However, a concrete structure using iron can elute iron ions in the water, so that seaweeds and seaweeds grow vigorously and can create a suitable living environment for seafood. However, there was a problem that it took time to dissolve iron ions and there was no immediate effect.
本発明は、このような問題点に鑑みて為されたものであり、その目的は、水中に鉄イオンを短時間で効率良く溶出させることができ、水質の浄化と水産資源の育成及び増加を図れるようにした水質浄化及び水産資源育成用の固形物を提供することにある。 The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and its purpose is to efficiently elute iron ions in water in a short time, purifying water quality and cultivating and increasing fishery resources. The object is to provide a solid material for water purification and fishery resource development.
上記目的を達成するために、本発明の請求項１の発明は、水中に浸漬して鉄イオンを溶出させることによって、水質の浄化と水産資源の育成及び増加を図るようにした水質浄化及び水産資源育成用の固形物であって、前記水質浄化及び水産資源育成用の固形物は、鉄又は鉄酸化物若しくは鉄化合物が主成分である物質と炭素材料との混合物をセメントで所望の形状に成形固化したことに特徴がある。 In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention of claim 1 of the present invention is a water purification and fishery product which is intended to purify water quality and to foster and increase fishery resources by immersing iron ions in water. A solid material for resource cultivation, wherein the solid material for water purification and fishery resource cultivation is a mixture of a material mainly composed of iron or iron oxide or an iron compound and a carbon material and formed into a desired shape with cement. It is characterized by being molded and solidified.
本発明の請求項２の発明は、請求項１の発明に於いて、鉄イオンが二価鉄イオンであることに特徴がある。 The invention of claim 2 of the present invention is characterized in that, in the invention of claim 1, the iron ions are divalent iron ions.
本発明の請求項３の発明は、請求項１又は請求項２の発明に於いて、鉄又は鉄酸化物若しくは鉄化合物が主成分である物質が、製鉄スラグ、砂鉄又は鉄鉱石のうちの少なくとも何れか一つから成ることに特徴がある。 The invention of claim 3 of the present invention is the invention of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the substance mainly composed of iron, iron oxide or iron compound is at least one of iron slag, iron sand and iron ore. It is characterized by consisting of either one.
本発明の請求項４の発明は、請求項１の発明に於いて、炭素材料が竹炭又は木炭のうちの少なくとも何れか一つから成ることに特徴がある。 The invention of claim 4 of the present invention is characterized in that, in the invention of claim 1, the carbon material comprises at least one of bamboo charcoal or charcoal.
本発明の請求項５の発明は、請求項１、請求項２又は請求項３の発明に於いて、鉄又は鉄酸化物若しくは鉄化合物が主成分である物質と炭素との混合物に、鉄イオン封鎖のためのキレート剤を添加したことに特徴がある。 According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the first, second, or third aspect of the present invention, a mixture of a substance containing iron or an iron oxide or an iron compound as a main component and carbon contains iron ions. It is characterized by the addition of a chelating agent for blocking.
本発明の請求項６の発明は、請求項５の発明に於いて、キレート剤が、クエン酸、酢酸又は木酢液のうちの少なくとも何れか一つから成ることに特徴がある。 The invention of claim 6 of the present invention is characterized in that, in the invention of claim 5, the chelating agent comprises at least one of citric acid, acetic acid or pyroligneous acid solution.
本発明の水質浄化及び水産資源育成用の固形物は、鉄又は鉄酸化物若しくは鉄化合物が主成分である物質と炭素材料との混合物をセメントで所望の形状に成形固化しているため、当該固形物を水中に浸漬すると、水を媒体として鉄又は鉄酸化物若しくは鉄化合物と炭素材料との接触部に局部電池が形成され、酸化還元反応の腐食作用によりイオン化傾向の大きい鉄又は鉄酸化物若しくは鉄化合物から植物プラントや海藻類、海草類の生育、繁殖に不可欠な鉄イオン（二価鉄イオン）を短時間で効率良く溶出させることができる。
その結果、本発明の水質浄化及び水産資源育成用の固形物を用いれば、植物プランクトンや海藻類、海草類、微生物の繁殖が促進されることになり、植物プラントや海藻類、海草類の餌を求めて小魚が集まり、それらを餌とする魚が海藻類や海草類の近くに大量に集まり、水産資源の育成と増加を図れる。しかも、植物プランクトンや海藻類、海草類、微生物の繁殖が促進されることによって、水（海水や淡水）及びヘドロが浄化されると共に、二酸化炭素が吸収されて地球温暖化防止に役立つことになる。
Since the solid material for water purification and marine resource cultivation of the present invention is formed and solidified into a desired shape with cement, a mixture of a substance containing iron or iron oxide or iron compound as a main component and a carbon material. When a solid is immersed in water, a local battery is formed at the contact portion of iron or iron oxide or iron compound and carbon material using water as a medium, and iron or iron oxide having a large ionization tendency due to the corrosive action of the oxidation-reduction reaction. Alternatively, iron ions (divalent iron ions) essential for the growth and reproduction of plant plants, seaweeds, and seaweeds can be efficiently eluted from iron compounds in a short time.
As a result, if the solid material for water purification and marine resource cultivation of the present invention is used, the reproduction of phytoplankton, seaweed, seaweed, and microorganisms will be promoted, and the plant plant, seaweed, and seaweed food will be sought. Small fish gather and fish that feed them gather in large quantities near seaweeds and seaweeds, so that fishery resources can be nurtured and increased. Moreover, the promotion of the growth of phytoplankton, seaweeds, seaweeds and microorganisms purifies water (seawater and fresh water) and sludge and absorbs carbon dioxide, which helps to prevent global warming.
また、本発明の水質浄化及び水産資源育成用の固形物は、鉄又は鉄酸化物若しくは鉄化合物が主成分である物質に、製鉄スラグ、砂鉄又は鉄鉱石のうちの少なくとも何れか一つを使用しているため、鉄イオン（二価鉄イオン）を長期間に亘って安定して溶出させることができることは勿論のこと、材料の原価が極めて安価になり、製造コストが少なくて済む。特に、製鉄スラグを使用した場合には、産業廃棄物である製鉄スラグの有効利用を図ることができる。 Further, the solid for water purification and marine resource cultivation of the present invention uses at least one of iron slag, iron sand, or iron ore as a substance mainly composed of iron or iron oxide or iron compound. Therefore, the iron ions (divalent iron ions) can be stably eluted over a long period of time, and the cost of the material is extremely low, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. In particular, when steel slag is used, the steel slag, which is industrial waste, can be effectively used.
更に、本発明の水質浄化及び水産資源育成用の固形物は、鉄又は鉄酸化物若しくは鉄化合物が主成分である物質と炭素との混合物に、鉄イオン封鎖のためのキレート剤を添加しているため、二価鉄イオンがキレート剤により酸化され難い状態で供給されることになり、植物プランクトンや海藻類、海草類に効率良く吸収されることになり、植物プランクトンや海藻類、海草類の繁殖がより促進されることになる。 Further, the solid material for water purification and marine resource cultivation of the present invention is obtained by adding a chelating agent for sequestering iron ions to a mixture of iron or a substance mainly composed of iron oxide or iron compound and carbon. Therefore, divalent iron ions will be supplied in a state that is not easily oxidized by the chelating agent, and will be efficiently absorbed by phytoplankton, seaweeds, and seaweeds, and phytoplankton, seaweeds, and seaweeds will propagate. It will be promoted more.
加えて、本発明の水質浄化及び水産資源育成用の固形物は、炭素材料として竹炭又は木炭のうちの少なくとも何れか一つを使用しているため、竹炭又は木炭に含まれているカルシウム、カリウム、マンガン、珪素、ナトリウム、マグネシウム等のミネラル成分が水中に溶出し、海藻類や海草類等の発生や発育を促すうえ、竹炭や木炭の原料と成る竹や間伐材を有益資源として活用することができる。 In addition, since the solid for water purification and marine resource cultivation of the present invention uses at least one of bamboo charcoal or charcoal as a carbon material, calcium and potassium contained in bamboo charcoal or charcoal In addition, mineral components such as manganese, silicon, sodium, and magnesium are released into the water to promote the generation and development of seaweeds and seaweeds, and the use of bamboo and thinned wood as raw materials for bamboo charcoal and charcoal as beneficial resources it can.
以下、本発明の実施の形態を詳細に説明する。
本発明の実施の形態に係る水質浄化及び水産資源育成用の固形物は、海や川、湖、池、沼等において使用されるものであり、水中（海水中又は淡水中）に浸漬して鉄イオンを溶出させることによって、水質の浄化と水産資源（魚介類や海藻類、海草類等）の育成及び増加を図るようにしたものである。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
Solid matter for water purification and marine resource cultivation according to embodiments of the present invention is used in the sea, rivers, lakes, ponds, swamps, etc., and is immersed in water (seawater or freshwater). By eluting iron ions, water quality purification and aquatic resources (fishery products, seaweeds, seaweeds, etc.) are cultivated and increased.
即ち、前記水質浄化及び水産資源育成用の固形物は、鉄又は鉄酸化物若しくは鉄化合物が主成分である物質と炭素材料との混合物に鉄イオン封鎖のためのキレート剤を添加し、当該混合物をセメントで所望の形状に成形固化したものであり、水中に浸漬すると、水を媒体として鉄又は鉄酸化物若しくは鉄化合物と炭素材料との接触部に局部電池が形成され、酸化還元反応の腐食作用によりイオン化傾向の大きい鉄又は鉄酸化物若しくは鉄化合物から、植物プランクトンや海藻類、海草類の繁殖に不可欠な鉄イオン、すなわち、二価鉄イオン（Ｆｅ２＋）を溶出することになる。
その結果、植物プランクトンや海藻類、海草類、微生物が増殖し、これらを餌とする小魚が増え、大きな魚も集まることになる。また、食物連鎖を活性化する効果に加え、増えた海藻類や海草類、微生物により水及びヘドロが浄化されることになる。
That is, the solid for water purification and marine resource cultivation is obtained by adding a chelating agent for sequestering iron ions to a mixture of iron or a substance mainly composed of iron oxide or iron compound and a carbon material, When solidified into a desired shape with cement, when immersed in water, a local battery is formed at the contact portion of iron or iron oxide or iron compound and carbon material using water as a medium, and corrosion of oxidation-reduction reaction From the iron or iron oxide or iron compound having a large ionization tendency due to the action, iron ions indispensable for reproduction of phytoplankton, seaweeds and seaweeds, that is, divalent iron ions (Fe 2+ ) are eluted.
As a result, phytoplankton, seaweeds, seaweeds, and microorganisms grow, and the number of small fish that feed on them increases and large fish also gather. In addition to the effect of activating the food chain, water and sludge are purified by increased seaweeds, seaweeds, and microorganisms.
前記鉄又は鉄酸化物若しくは鉄化合物が主成分である物質としては、製鉄スラグ（製鋼スラグ）、砂鉄、鉄鉱石がそれぞれ使用されている。製鉄スラグ、砂鉄及び鉄鉱石は、単独で使用しても良く、或いは二種類又は三種類を混合して使用するようにしても良い。また、製鉄スラグ及び鉄鉱石は、何れも炭素材料やセメントとの混練作業に支障を来たさない大きさ及び形状に形成されており、粉状、粒状又は小塊状等に形成されている。 As the substance mainly composed of iron, iron oxide or iron compound, iron slag (steel slag), iron sand and iron ore are used. Steelmaking slag, sand iron and iron ore may be used alone or in combination of two or three. Further, both the iron slag and iron ore are formed in a size and shape that do not hinder the kneading operation with the carbon material or cement, and are formed in a powdery shape, a granular shape, a small lump shape, or the like.
前記製鉄スラグは、鋼を製造するプロセスにおいて発生するスラグの一種であり、転炉スラグ、電気炉スラグ、脱燐スラグ、脱硫スラグ、脱珪スラグ、鋳造スラグ、二次精錬スラグ等がある。これらは単独で使用しても良く、或いは二種類以上を混合して使用するようにしても良い。
この製鉄スラグは、各種スラグの中でも特に高い水質浄化作用を有している。すなわち、製鉄スラグは、スラグに含まれるＣａＯによって水中の燐が吸着・固定され、水の富栄養化が抑制される、スラグに含まれるＣａＯが水中に溶出することによって水中のｐＨが高められ、硫化水素を発生させる硫酸還元菌の活動が抑制される、などの作用が得られる特徴がある。
The iron making slag is a kind of slag generated in the process of manufacturing steel, and includes converter slag, electric furnace slag, dephosphorization slag, desulfurization slag, desiliconization slag, cast slag, secondary refining slag, and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
This steel slag has a particularly high water purification effect among various slags. That is, in steelmaking slag, phosphorus in the water is adsorbed and fixed by CaO contained in the slag, eutrophication of water is suppressed, and the pH in water is increased by the dissolution of CaO contained in the slag into the water. There is a feature that effects such as suppression of the activity of sulfate-reducing bacteria that generate hydrogen sulfide can be obtained.
また、砂鉄は、鉄や酸化鉄が砂状になったものであり、磁鉄鉱（四三酸化鉄Ｆｅ３Ｏ４）を主とし赤鉄鉱（酸化第二鉄Ｆｅ２Ｏ３）、褐鉄鉱（含水酸化鉄Ｆｅ２Ｏ３・ｎＨ２Ｏ）、チタン鉄鉱（イルメナイトＦｅＴｉＯ３）等から成る。この砂鉄としては、山砂鉄、川砂鉄、浜砂鉄、海底砂鉄等が使用されている。 Sand iron is a sandy form of iron or iron oxide, mainly composed of magnetite (triiron tetroxide Fe 3 O 4 ), hematite (ferric oxide Fe 2 O 3 ), limonite (hydrous oxide). Iron (Fe 2 O 3 .nH 2 O), titanite (ilmenite FeTiO 3 ), and the like. As this iron sand, mountain sand iron, river sand iron, beach sand iron, seabed iron, etc. are used.
更に、鉄鉱石は、製鉄原料となる鉱石であり、主要成分が酸化鉄である。この鉄鉱石としては、鉄分含有量が４０％〜５０％以上の磁鉄鉱（四三酸化鉄Ｆｅ３Ｏ４）、赤鉄鉱（酸化第二鉄Ｆｅ２Ｏ３）、褐鉄鉱（含水酸化鉄Ｆｅ２Ｏ３・ｎＨ２Ｏ）等が使用されている。これらは単独で使用しても良く、或いは二種類以上を混合して使用するようにしても良い。 Furthermore, iron ore is an ore that is a raw material for iron making, and the main component is iron oxide. Examples of the iron ore include magnetite (iron tetroxide Fe 3 O 4 ), hematite (ferric oxide Fe 2 O 3 ), limonite (hydrous iron oxide Fe 2 O) having an iron content of 40% to 50% or more. 3 · nH 2 O) and the like are used. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
前記炭素材料としては、炭素を多量に含む竹炭や木炭がそれぞれ使用されている。これらは単独で使用しても良く、或いは二種類を混合して使用するようにしても良い。竹炭や木材は、カルシウム、カリウム、マンガン、珪素、ナトリウム、マグネシウム等のミネラルを豊富に含み、強い浄化力を発揮する。 As the carbon material, bamboo charcoal or charcoal containing a large amount of carbon is used. These may be used alone or in combination of two kinds. Bamboo charcoal and wood contain abundant minerals such as calcium, potassium, manganese, silicon, sodium, and magnesium, and exert a strong purifying power.
前記キレート剤は、鉄イオン（二価鉄イオン）の酸化を防止するために、固形物の成形固化時において、鉄又は鉄酸化物若しくは鉄化合物が主成分である物質と炭素材料との混合物に添加されるものである。このキレート剤としては、クエン酸、酢酸、木酢液がそれぞれ使用されている。これらのキレート剤は、単独で添加しても良く、或いは二種以上を組み合せて添加しても良い。
キレート剤を添加する理由は、溶出した二価鉄イオン（Ｆｅ２＋）が酸素の存在下で容易に二価鉄イオン（Ｆｅ２＋）から三価鉄イオン（Ｆｅ３＋）に酸化され、水酸化鉄や酸化鉄として不溶化し、生物に利用されなくなるからである。そのため、キレート剤を添加してキレート剤により二価鉄イオンを封鎖している。
In order to prevent oxidation of iron ions (divalent iron ions), the chelating agent is a mixture of a substance mainly composed of iron or iron oxide or an iron compound and a carbon material at the time of solidification of a solid. It is to be added. As the chelating agent, citric acid, acetic acid, and pyroligneous acid solution are used. These chelating agents may be added alone or in combination of two or more.
The reason for adding the chelating agent is that the eluted divalent iron ions (Fe 2+ ) are easily oxidized from divalent iron ions (Fe 2+ ) to trivalent iron ions (Fe 3+ ) in the presence of oxygen, and iron hydroxide This is because it becomes insoluble as iron oxide and cannot be used by organisms. For this reason, a chelating agent is added to block divalent iron ions with the chelating agent.
前記セメントは、無機質の粉末で水と練ると硬化する性質を有するものである。このセメントとしては、シリカ、アルミナ、酸化鉄、石灰、石膏を原料とするポルトランドセメントが使用されている。 The cement is an inorganic powder and has a property of hardening when kneaded with water. As this cement, Portland cement made of silica, alumina, iron oxide, lime, or gypsum is used.
尚、上記の実施の形態に於いては、製鉄スラグ、砂鉄、鉄鉱石を使用するようにしたが、他の実施の形態に於いては、粒状、小塊状又は小片状の鉄（鋼鉄や鋳鉄）を使用するようにしても良く、或いは鉄（鋼鉄や鋳鉄）を製鉄スラグ、砂鉄、鉄鉱石に混ぜて使用するようにしても良い。 In the above embodiment, iron slag, iron sand and iron ore are used. However, in other embodiments, granular, small block or small piece of iron (steel or slag) is used. Cast iron) may be used, or iron (steel or cast iron) may be mixed with iron slag, sand iron, or iron ore.
また、上記の実施の形態に於いては、炭素材料として竹炭又は木炭を使用するようにしたが、他の実施の形態に於いては、炭素材料としてヤシ殻炭、黒鉛、コークス、石炭等をそれぞれ使用するようにしても良い。 Further, in the above embodiment, bamboo charcoal or charcoal is used as the carbon material. However, in other embodiments, coconut shell charcoal, graphite, coke, coal, etc. are used as the carbon material. Each may be used.
更に、上記の実施の形態に於いては、セメントとしてポルトランドセメントを使用するようにしたが、他の実施の形態に於いては、混合セメントやアルミナセメント等を使用するようにしても良い。 Furthermore, in the above embodiment, Portland cement is used as the cement. However, in other embodiments, mixed cement, alumina cement, or the like may be used.
上述した水質浄化及び水産資源育成用の固形物は、鉄又は鉄酸化物若しくは鉄化合物が主成分である物質（製鉄スラグ、砂鉄又は鉄鉱石等）と炭素材料（竹炭又は木炭等）との混合物にキレート剤（クエン酸、酢酸又は木酢液）を添加し、キレート剤を添加した混合物にセメント（ポルトランドセメント等）及び水を加えて練り混ぜ、所望の形状（例えば、ボール状、ブッロク状、板状、テトラポッド（登録商標）の形状、護岸に用いるブロックの形状、漁礁に用いるブロックの形状等）に成形固化することにより形成されている。 The solid matter for water purification and fishery resource development mentioned above is a mixture of iron (iron slag, sand iron, iron ore, etc.) and a carbon material (bamboo charcoal, charcoal, etc.). Add a chelating agent (citric acid, acetic acid or pyroligneous acid solution) to the mixture, add cement (Portland cement, etc.) and water to the mixture containing the chelating agent, knead and mix in the desired shape (for example, ball shape, block shape, board) Shape, tetrapod (registered trademark) shape, block shape used for revetment, shape of block used for fishing reef, etc.).
鉄又は鉄酸化物若しくは鉄化合物が主成分である物質と炭素材料のセメントへの混入量は、鉄イオンを長期間に亘って安定的に溶出させることができると共に、鉄又は鉄酸化物若しくは鉄化合物が主成分である物質及び炭素材料が通常のコンクリートに混入される砂利又は砕石のような粗骨材や砂のような細骨材としての機能を発揮し、成形固化された固形物の強度を保てるように設定されている。
また、キレート剤の添加量は、鉄イオン（二価鉄イオン）を封鎖できる程度に添加されている。
The amount of iron or iron oxide or iron compound as a main component and the amount of carbon material mixed in the cement can stably elute iron ions over a long period of time, and iron or iron oxide or iron. The strength of the solidified solid material that functions as a coarse aggregate such as gravel or crushed stone, or fine aggregate such as sand, in which the compound's main component and carbon material are mixed in ordinary concrete It is set to keep.
The amount of the chelating agent added is such that iron ions (divalent iron ions) can be sequestered.
このような水質浄化及び水産資源育成用の固形物を海水中に多数浸漬すると、海水を媒体として鉄又は鉄酸化物若しくは鉄化合物と炭素材料との接触部において、電位の高い炭素から電位の低い鉄又は鉄酸化物若しくは鉄化合物に電流が流れて局部電池を形成し、イオン化傾向の大きい鉄又は鉄酸化物若しくは鉄化合物から海水中へ二価鉄イオンを溶出する。
このとき、水質浄化及び水産資源育成用の固形物は、バラバラの状態で海中に沈めても良く、或いは多数組み合せて人工魚礁の形態で沈めるようにしても良い。
When a large number of such solids for water purification and fishery resource cultivation are immersed in seawater, the seam is used as a medium, and the contact portion between iron or iron oxide or iron compound and the carbon material has a low potential from carbon having a high potential. A current flows through iron, iron oxide, or iron compound to form a local battery, and divalent iron ions are eluted into seawater from iron, iron oxide, or iron compound having a high ionization tendency.
At this time, the solid matter for water purification and fishery resource cultivation may be submerged in the sea in a disjointed state, or may be submerged in the form of an artificial fish reef in combination.
二価鉄イオンが海中に流出することにより、固形物表面での海藻類、海草類、植物プランクトン、微生物の繁殖が促進される。特に、二価鉄イオンは、キレート剤により酸化され難い状態で供給されるため、良好に植物プラントや海藻類、海草類等に効率良く吸収される。また、固形物表面では、付着した海藻類や海草類の成長が加速される結果、植物プラントや海藻類、海草類等の餌を求めて小魚が集まり、それらを餌とする魚が海藻類や海草類の近くに大量に集まって来る。更に、植物プランクトン、海藻類、海草類、微生物の増殖により海水及びヘドロが浄化されると共に、二酸化炭素が吸収されて地球温暖化防止に役立つ。 The flow of divalent iron ions into the sea promotes the growth of seaweeds, seaweeds, phytoplankton, and microorganisms on the solid surface. In particular, since the divalent iron ions are supplied in a state where they are hardly oxidized by the chelating agent, they are satisfactorily absorbed by plant plants, seaweeds, seaweeds and the like. On the solid surface, the growth of attached seaweeds and seaweeds is accelerated. As a result, small fish gather for food such as plant plants, seaweeds, and seaweeds. A large amount gathers near. Furthermore, seawater and sludge are purified by the growth of phytoplankton, seaweeds, seaweeds, and microorganisms, and carbon dioxide is absorbed to help prevent global warming.
尚、上記の実施の形態に於いては、水質浄化及び水産資源育成用の固形物を海水中に浸漬するようにしたが、水質浄化及び水産資源育成用の固形物を河川や湖沼等の淡水中に浸漬しても同じ効果を発揮することは勿論である。 In the above embodiment, solids for water purification and fishery resource cultivation are immersed in seawater. However, solids for water purification and fishery resource cultivation are used in fresh water such as rivers and lakes. Of course, the same effect is exhibited even when immersed in the inside.
Claims (6)
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