JP6758388B2 - 抗−cd43抗体およびその癌治療用途 - Google Patents
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Description
(1996)J.Biol.Chem.271:27686−95)で細胞自滅死を誘導することが知られた。しかし、このような抗体は、ほとんど成熟した(非癌腫)造血細胞で発現するCD43の細胞外ドメインに位置した糖鎖抗原決定部位と反応するため、癌細胞の検出または治療に効果的でない。したがって、血液癌腫の診断、追跡、治療のために、より改善されたCD43糖化抗原決定部位結合物質の開発が必要である。
(a)前記核酸分子または前記組換えベクターで形質転換された組換え細胞を準備する段階と、
(b)前記核酸分子の十分な発現のための条件および/または期間で前記組換え細胞を培養する段階と、
(c)前記(c)段階で得られた培養物から抗−CD43抗体またはその抗原結合断片を分離および/または精製する段階。
SEQ ID NO:133:Gly Ser Pro Leu Trp Thr Ser Ile
SEQ ID NO:134:Glu Gly Ser Pro Leu Trp Thr Ser Ile
(a)SEQ ID NO:83のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域およびSEQ ID NO:95のアミノ酸配列を含む軽鎖可変領域;
(b)SEQ ID NO:84のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域およびSEQ ID NO:96のアミノ酸配列を含む軽鎖可変領域;
(c)SEQ ID NO:85のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域およびSEQ ID NO:97のアミノ酸配列を含む軽鎖可変領域;
(d)SEQ ID NO:86のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域およびSEQ ID NO:98のアミノ酸配列を含む軽鎖可変領域;
(e)SEQ ID NO:87のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域およびSEQ ID NO:99のアミノ酸配列を含む軽鎖可変領域;
(f)SEQ ID NO:88のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域およびSEQ ID NO:100のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域;
(g)SEQ ID NO:89のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域およびSEQ ID NO:101のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域;
(h)SEQ ID NO:90のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域およびSEQ ID NO:102のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域;
(i)SEQ ID NO:91のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域およびSEQ ID NO:103のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域;
(j)SEQ ID NO:93のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域およびSEQ ID NO:103のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域;
(k)SEQ ID NO:94のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域およびSEQ ID NO:106のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域;
(l)SEQ ID NO:91のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域およびSEQ ID NO:97のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域;
(m)SEQ ID NO:85のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域およびSEQ ID NO:103のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域;
(n)SEQ ID NO:93のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域およびSEQ ID NO:107のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域;
(o)SEQ ID NO:93のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域およびSEQ ID NO:108のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域;または
(p)SEQ ID NO:93のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域およびSEQ ID NO:109のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域。
(i)FR1Hは、SEQ ID NOs:83〜94のうちいずれか1つの1番目から30番目までのアミノ酸残基を含むことができる;
(ii)FR2Hは、SEQ ID NOs:83〜94のうちいずれか1つの36番目から49までのアミノ酸残基を含むことができる;
(iii)FR3Hは、SEQ ID NOs:83〜94のうちいずれか1つの67番目から98番目までのアミノ酸残基を含むことができる;
(iv)FR4Hは、SEQ ID NOs:83〜94のうちいずれか1つの112番目から122番目までのアミノ酸残基を含むことができる;
(v)FR1Lは、SEQ ID NOs:95〜109のうちいずれか1つの1番目から23番目までのアミノ酸残基を含むことができる;
(vi)FR2Lは、SEQ ID NOs:95〜109のうちいずれか1つの35番目から49番目までのアミノ酸残基を含むことができる;
(vii)FR3Lは、SEQ ID NOs:95〜109のうちいずれか1つの57番目から88番目までのアミノ酸残基を含むことができる;
(viii)FR4Lは、SEQ ID NOs:95〜109のうちいずれか1つの97番目から108番目までのアミノ酸残基を含むことができる。
前記抗−CD43抗体またはその抗原結合断片を暗号化する核酸分子またはこれを含む組換えベクターで形質転換された組換え細胞を前記核酸分子の十分な発現のための条件および/または期間で培養する段階と、
前記培養された細胞または得られた培養物から抗−CD43抗体またはその抗原結合断片を分離および/または精製する段階とを含むことができる。
(1)試験細胞試料および対照細胞試料に前記抗体またはその抗原結合断片をそれぞれ接触させる段階と、
(2)前記抗体または抗原結合断片と前記細胞との間の複合体の形成の有無または水準を測定する段階とを含むことができる。この時、試験細胞試料における複合体の存在または対照細胞試料と比較して相対的に高い複合体の水準が測定される場合、前記試験細胞試料内のCD43が存在し、または前記細胞がCD43を発現する細胞(つまり、CD43陽性細胞)であることを確認することができる。前記細胞試料は、生体から分離されたものであってもよく、前記方法は、in vitroで行われるものであってもよい。
(i)前記抗−CD43抗体またはその抗原結合断片を試験対象に投与する段階と、
(ii)前記抗体またはその抗原結合断片の複合体の形成の有無または複合体の形成程度(水準)を測定する段階とを含むことができる。
(i−1)前記抗−CD43抗体またはその抗原結合断片を試験対象および対照対象にそれぞれ投与する段階と、
(ii−1)前記試験対象および対照対象における抗体またはその抗原結合断片の複合体の形成の有無または複合体の形成程度(水準)をそれぞれ測定する段階と、
(iii)試験対象で測定された結果を対照対象における結果と比較する段階とを含むことができる。
1−1.マウス抗体の製造
1−1−1.単一クローン抗体生産細胞の製造
ヒト胸腺細胞を抗原として注入したBalb/c白ネズミの脾臓細胞と8−アザグアニン(8−azaguanine)耐性(resistant)マウスの骨髄腫細胞株SP2/0−Ag14(ATCC、CRL−1581)の融合により作った。
胸腺の凍結組織(ソウル大学病院)およびパラフィン包埋組織(ソウル大学病院)を4マイクロメートルの厚さに薄切して使用した。パラフィン包埋組織はパラフィン除去過程を経た後、正常ヤギ血清(BioGenex社製品)を加えた後、室温で1時間放置した。前記組織にそれぞれ一次抗体(ダイノナ(株)、Dinona)を塗布した後、4℃の低温室に一晩置いて反応させた後、翌日、リン酸塩緩衝食塩水で3回洗浄した。二次抗体としてビオチン結合ヤギ抗−マウス免疫グロブリン(biotinylated goat anti−mouse immunoglobulin;2滴、DAKO)を用いて1時間室温に放置した後、リン酸塩緩衝食塩水で3回洗浄し、ストレプトアビジン(streptavidin)−HRP接合体を処理した。これにH2O2−アミノエチルカルバゾール(H2O2−aminoethyl carbazole)溶液を塗布した後、20分間処置し、リン酸塩緩衝食塩水で3回水洗した後、光学顕微鏡で発色を観察した。
10%ウシ胎児血清が含まれているDMEM培地で培養した単クローン細胞107個をプリスタン(pristane)0.5mlを3週前に予め腹腔内注射したBalb/cマウスの腹腔に注射し、2−3週後にマウスの腹水を採取した。前記腹水から5−10mg/mlの高濃度抗体を得ることができた。
前記得られた抗体をYG5と名付けた。
<CD43の一部切片を含む構造体の構築>
図12に示すように、それぞれのCD43欠損型突然変異を作製し、前記欠損型突然変異に対するYG5抗体の反応性を確認して、CD43の抗原決定部位を分析した。CD43蛋白質(NCBI Accession No.M61827.1)は計400個のアミノ酸からなり、1から19番目のアミノ酸配列は信号配列であり、20から254番目のアミノ酸配列は細胞外ドメインであり、255から277番目のアミノ酸配列はトランスメンブレンドメインであり、278から400番目のアミノ酸配列は細胞内ドメインである。
形質転換されたE.coli TOP10細胞は50ug/mlのアンピシリンが添加されたLB培地で37℃で一晩培養し、培養された細胞をLB培地で20倍希釈した後、OD0.6となるように3〜4時間培養した。培養物にIPTG(Sigma Chemical Co.,St.Louis,MO)を最終濃度1mMで添加して4時間さらに培養した後、6,000gで15分間遠心分離した。細胞だけを得て、細胞1gあたり3mlの溶解(lysis)緩衝液(50mM Tris、pH8.0、1mM EDTA、100mM NaCl)で懸濁した後、最終濃度0.2mMフェニルメチルスルホニルフルオライド(phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride、Sigma Chemical Co.)を加えた後、30分間氷上に置いた。
計11種の欠損型突然変異を発現するそれぞれの形質転換体の溶解質(lysate)を10%SDS−PAGEした後、YG5抗体および抗−GST抗体でそれぞれウェスタンブロットを実施した。
前記作製された抗−CD43マウス抗体YG5のアミノ酸配列に基づいて、抗−CD43キメリック抗体を作製した。
抗−CD43キメリック抗体の発現のために、重鎖発現用プラスミドと軽鎖発現用プラスミドをそれぞれ作製した。重鎖発現用プラスミドはpOptiVEC(Invitrogen社)ベクターを使用し、軽鎖発現用プラスミドはpcDNA3.3(Invitrogen社)ベクターを使用した。抗体発現のための重鎖および軽鎖の可変領域コーディングcDNAはIg−Primer sets(Novagen社)を用いてクローニングし、pGem−Tベクター(Promega社)に挿入した後、シーケンシングによりDNA塩基配列を確認し、IMGT site(www.imgt.org)を通してマウス抗体遺伝子を確認した。
このような重鎖および軽鎖発現プラスミドの作製過程を図14に模式的に示した。
前記作製されたpcDNA3.3−anti−CD軽鎖発現プラスミドとpOptiVEC−anti−CD43重鎖発現プラスミドをCHO細胞由来のDG44細胞(Invitrogen)にtransfectionさせて形質転換過程を行った。
前記選別された形質転換細胞群(24.0×105cells/mL以上、生存率(%)90%以上)をpower CHO2 CDM(Lonza;最終培地量880L)で37℃および5%CO2の条件下で発現量が600mg/L(IPC(in−process control)の基準による)に到達するまで培養した。
最終原液のformulationは、ultrafiltration/diafiltration(UF/DF)工程によりバッファー交換および濃縮過程を同時に行って完成し、最終蛋白質の濃度は11.5mg/mLに調節した。
前記作製されたキメリック抗体DNP001(マウス抗体のようなCDR部位を有する)がマウス抗体と同一の抗原決定部位(エピトープ)に結合するかを確認するために、抗原決定部位ペプチドを合成してbovine serume albumin(BSA)蛋白質に化学的に結合した後、ELISAを行った。
−抗原決定部位ペプチド合成配列(DN2と命名)
EGSPLWTSIGASTGSC(SEQ ID NO:129;抗原決定部位は下線で表示する)
前記表および図42の結果のように、キメリック抗体DNP001は濃度依存的に抗原決定部位ペプチドに結合することを確認した。
様々な固形癌細胞株におけるCD43の発現程度を調べるために、免疫染色(Immunostaining)および流細胞分析を行った。
分析に使用された細胞株情報は次の通りである:
3−1.抗体−毒素接合体の作製
単クローン抗体のサポリン(Sigma、St.Louis、MO)接合は既存の方法により実施した(Polito et al.,2004)。抗体(DNP001;実施例1−2で製造)とサポリンをそれぞれ2mg/ml(抗体の濃度)と8mg/ml(サポリンの濃度)の濃度で50mM sodium borate buffer(pH9.0)に溶かした後、2−iminothiolane(Sigma)をそれぞれ0.4mMと1.0mMの濃度で処理した。その後、抗体とサポリンを10:1の比率で混合して室温で16時間反応させ、抗体−サポリン接合体をゲルろ過(gel filtration)で精製した。以下、準備された接合体を抗−CD43−サポリン接合体と記載する。
前記実施例3−1で準備された抗体−毒素接合体(抗−CD43−サポリン接合体、抗−CD43−DM1接合体、抗−CD43−MMAE接合体、および抗−CD43−Duocarmycin接合体)の胃癌細胞に対する細胞毒性を試験した。
細胞毒性(Cytotoxicity;%)=[1−(生存細胞の個数/最初細胞の個数)]×100
図3、4、および5から確認されるように、抗−CD43−DM1接合体および抗−CD43−MMAE接合体は3種の細胞株ともにおいて細胞毒性を示し、抗−CD43−Duocarmycin接合体はNCI−N87とAGSにおいて細胞毒性を示すことを確認することができる。
4−1.胃癌動物モデル(Tumorigenesis)の準備
前記実施例2の結果からCD43の発現が確認された細胞株(NCI−N87;ATCC、CRL−5822)を用いて胃癌動物モデルを作製した。まず、NCI−N87細胞を2.8×107個準備した。前記準備された細胞をヌードマウスの右側脇腹に5×106個/100ul(RPMI)皮下接種した。接種したヌードマウスを対照群(PBS投与)、試験群にランダム配分し、癌細胞を接種した3日後から前記実施例1−2で作製された抗CD43抗体(DNP001)を12mg/kgの量で週2回、3週間、尾静脈に注射したり、前記実施例3−1で準備された抗−CD43−デュオカルマイシン接合体(DNP001−Duocarmycin)0.2mg/kgを週1回、3週間、腹腔内注射した。腫瘍の大きさは毎週2回ずつ治療剤を投与する前に測定し、腫瘍の大きさは次の式で計算した:
腫瘍の大きさ(mm3)=(長軸×短縮2)/2
前記得られた結果を図6に示した。図6に示されるように、試験開始後7日から、対照群に比べてDNP001−Duocarmycin投与群(D−Duo)において腫瘍の成長が抑制され始め、26日後、DNP001−Duocarmycin、DNP001単独、PBSを投与したマウスの平均的な腫瘍の大きさはそれぞれ447.2mm3、510.9mm3、784.6mm3であり、抗−CD43−Duocarmycin接合体と抗−CD43抗体を投与した群の場合、対照群に比べてそれぞれ約43%および34%程度腫瘍の成長が抑制されることを確認した。このような結果は、抗−CD43抗体単独および抗−CD43−Duocarmycin接合体の顕著な胃癌成長阻害効果を示すのである。
胃癌でのみならず、多様な固形癌におけるCD43の発現を確認し、CD43を標的に多様な固形癌(胃癌、signet ring cell胃癌、乳癌、乳癌中の乳管浸潤腺癌、腎臓癌、膵臓癌、胆嚢癌、子宮癌、子宮頸部癌、膀胱癌、顆粒性肉腫)に対する治療的効能を試験する可能性を確認するために、多様なヒト起源腫瘍組織に免疫組織化学染色(Immunohistochemistry)を行った。
(前記表1中、
Totalは、染色に用いた組織の総数;
Positiveは、使用した組織のうち、YG5に対して陽性反応を示した組織の数をそれぞれ意味する)
多様な腫瘍の癌幹細胞におけるCD43の発現程度を試験した。CD44とCD133(Prominin−1)は公知の癌幹細胞標識子(Cancer stem cell marker)である。癌幹細胞標識子CD44およびCD133とtriple−stainingしてCD43の発現を確認することによって、CD43がCD44またはCD44+CD133+陽性グループで発現することを確認した。
前記得られた結果を図9に示した。
図9から確認されるように、胃癌の癌幹細胞におけるCD43の発現を確認した結果、胃癌の癌幹細胞を鑑別できる標識が(CD44またはCD133)が陽性の細胞でCD43が陽性であることが確認された。このような結果は、本発明による抗CD43抗体が特有に胃癌の癌幹細胞表面に発現したCD43と結合できることを示すのである。
前記実施例6に提示された同様の方法で、実施例5に提示されたCD43陽性固形癌の癌幹細胞におけるCD43の発現を確認した。
前記実施例5の結果に基づき、患者の癌組織における癌幹細胞標識子を用いて分類後、CD43の発現を確認した。
患者の新鮮な癌組織を細かく単一細胞化した。単一化された腫瘍細胞は1700rpmで3分間遠心分離後、上層液は捨てて、10%FBSが含まれている培地10mlで再浮遊した後、1700rpmで3分間遠心分離した。上層液は捨てて、10mlの1xPBSで再浮遊した後、計数する。細胞をFACSチューブに分配した後、抗−CD44−allophycocyanin(APC)、抗−CD44−allophycocyanin(APC)、抗−CD326(EpCAM)−allophycocyanin(APC)、抗−CD133−fluorescein isothiocyanate(FITC)、抗−CD43抗体−phycoerythrin(PE)と4℃の冷蔵庫で20分間反応させた後、反応しない抗体は水洗した後、1%paraformaldehydeで固定した後、Flow Cytometer(Becton、Dickinson and Company、Franklin Lakes、NJ、USA)で分析した。
前記のように、患者の癌組織の癌幹細胞でCD43胃癌の癌幹細胞におけるCD43の発現を確認した結果、患者の癌組織起源癌幹細胞でCD43が陽性と確認された。
前記実施例6に提示された同様の方法で、実施例5に提示されたCD43陽性固形癌のCD43が陽性の癌幹細胞の抗−CD43抗体によるcolony形成阻害を確認した。
実施例5に提示されたそれぞれのCD43陽性組織に起源した細胞(乳癌、肺癌、大腸癌、肝癌および胆嚢癌、腎臓癌、膵臓癌、甲状腺癌、前立腺癌、卵巣癌、子宮頸部癌、膀胱癌起源細胞株)を用いた。それぞれの細胞を100mmの細胞培養容器に接種および培養した後、培養容器表面の70〜80%程度が培養細胞で密集した時、培養細胞をリン酸塩緩衝溶液で洗浄した後、Trypsin−EDTA(Invitrogen)で処理して解離させた後、遠心分離した。沈殿された細胞塊を再び緩衝液に浮遊させ、107の腫瘍細胞あたり20ug/mlの濃度で抗−CD43抗体を入れて、4℃の冷蔵庫で30分間反応させた後、反応しない抗体は1xPBSで水洗する。次に、マグネチックビーズが結合されたIgGを20uL添加した後、4℃の冷蔵庫で15分間反応させた後、1xPBSで水洗した後、MACS sperating systemでCD43陽性細胞を分類する。
その結果、様々な腫瘍と患者の癌組織中のCD43陽性癌幹細胞に抗−CD43抗体を投与した結果、対照群に比べて癌幹細胞のtumorigenesisを阻害することを確認した。このような結果は、抗−CD43抗体の癌幹細胞の顕著な腫瘍形成阻害効果を示すのである。
前記実施例7、8の結果からCD43の発現が確認された細胞株とfreshな癌組織を用いて動物モデルを作製し、方法は前記実施例4と同一である。対照群(PBS投与)と試験群にランダムにマウスを配分し、癌細胞を接種した3日後から前記実施例2で作製された抗CD43抗体(DNP001mAb)8mg/kgを週2回、3週間、尾静脈に注射したり、前記実施例3−1で準備された抗−CD43−サポリン、DM1、MMAE、Duocarmycin接合体0.2mg/kg、0.5mg/kg、1mg/kg、5mg/kgを週1回、3週間、腹腔内注射した。腫瘍の大きさは毎週2回ずつ治療剤を投与する前に測定した。
正常血液に発現するCD43を認知する抗体(DFT−1)と腫瘍特異CD43を認知する抗CD43抗体(YG5)がノイラミニダーゼ処理された正常リンパ球に対して結合力に変化があるかを確認した。
健康な人から10mlの血液を採血し、赤血球溶解溶液(RBC lysis solution;NH4Cl、NaHCO3、EDTA pH8.0)40mlを添加して、常温で10分間溶解した。赤血球が溶解した血液は1700rpmで5分間遠心分離後に上層液を除去し、10mlのPBSで2回洗浄した。3×106個のリンパ球を前記得られた赤血球溶解溶液130ulに懸濁し、ノイラミニダーゼ(ELPIS、Korea)50ulとバッファー20ulを入れて、37℃で50分間反応させた後、PBSで洗浄した。ノイラミニダーゼによってCD43を認知する抗体の抗原決定部位に変化があるかを確認するために、FITCとPEが結合されたDFT−1およびYG5抗体を入れて、4℃で15分間反応させた後、PBS4mlで洗浄後、流細胞分析器で測定して、正常リンパ球に対する力価を測定した。
CD43蛋白質を認知すると知られている5F1クローンはCD43とCEACAM6を同時に認知し、2つの蛋白質のfucosylationされた位置に結合することが知られている。抗−CD43抗体がCEACAM5とCEACAM6蛋白質と交差反応を示すかを確認し、キフネンシン(kifunensine)とフコシダーゼ(fucosidase)によるCD43抗原決定部位のglycosylationの変化による抗−CD43抗体の結合力の変化を確認した。
胃癌細胞株のNCI−N87細胞を実験する前に、150mm dishの80〜90%となるように準備する。NCI−N87細胞は1xTrypsin・EDTAを処理して浮遊させた後、水洗した。準備されたNCI−N87細胞をmedia(DMEM/F12(GIBCO)、B27(Invitrogen)、EGF&bFGF(Invitrogen))で再浮遊した後、6well(ultra−low attached plate)に1×105/2mlで分注した後、37℃、CO2 incubatorで5日間培養した。光学顕微鏡で各wellの細胞を撮影し、1xTE200ul single細胞化してPBSで水洗した後、正常mouseの血清を1/50を入れて、4℃で10分間ブロッキングした。次に、細胞を100ulずつ流細胞分析チューブに分注し、抗−CD44抗体(eBioscience,Cat.No:17−0441−82)と抗−CD43抗体(YG5、DFT−1)をそれぞれ10ul、1ulずつ入れて、4℃で15分間反応させた。前記と同様の方法で水洗した後、サンプルあたり1%(w/v)paraform aldehydeを300ulの量で入れて細胞を固定した後、流細胞分析を行った。
この分析法は、ポリ−D−リシンplateで背景信号を減少させ、scFvまたはIgGの結合力を評価するためのELISA実験に懸濁液内の浮遊細胞を使用できるか否かを確認するためのパイロット研究で設計された。
1.細胞収集段階。
a.Cellを50mL falcon tubeに入れて、500xgで5分間遠心分離してペレット化させた(pelleting);
b.前記得られたcell pelletを10ml PBSで1回洗い落とし、500xgで5分間遠心分離してcellをペレット化させた;
c.1ml PBSでcellsを再懸濁させた後、cellを計数した(counting cells);
d.Blocking buffer(PBS+3%FCS)で細胞を希釈させた(細胞希釈濃度:5×105cell/well(10×106cells/mL));
e.V−bottomed 96−well plateにwellあたりcell stock50ulずつ添加した。
前記サンプルを用心深く4回ピペッティングして混合した。
3.室温で1時間培養した。
4.500xgで5分間遠心分離してcellをペレット化させた。
5.plateを用心深くひっくり返したり吸入(aspiration)により上層液(supernatant)を除去した。
6.200ul blocking bufferでcellを洗浄し、サンプルを4回ピペッティングして混合した。
7.500xgで5分間遠心分離してcellをペレット化させた。
8.plateを用心深くひっくり返したり吸入により上層液を除去した。
9.Blocking bufferに1:1,500希釈させたanti−Flag HRP−conjugated抗体100uLをcell pelletに添加して用心深く再懸濁させ、室温に30分間培養した。
10.500xgで5分間遠心分離してcellをペレット化させた。
11.plateを用心深くひっくり返したり吸入により上層液を除去した。
12.200ul blocking bufferを入れて用心深くcellを洗浄し、得られたサンプルを4回ピペッティングして混合した。
13.500xgで5分間遠心分離してcellをペレット化させた。
14.plateを用心深くひっくり返したり吸入により上層液を除去した。
15.200ul blocking bufferを入れて用心深くcellを洗浄し、得られたサンプルを4回ピペッティングして混合した。
16.500xgで5分間遠心分離してcellをペレット化させた。
17.cellをSureBlueTM TMB Microwell Peroxidase substrate80ulに用心深く再懸濁させ、室温で5分間培養した後、1M HClで反応を停止した。
18.標準96−well plateにサンプルを100ulずつ移した。
19.450nmにおけるplate(吸光度)を読んだ。
本分析法は、ポリ−D−リシンplateで背景信号を減少させ、scFvまたはIgGの結合力を評価するためのELISA実験に懸濁液内の浮遊細胞を使用できるか否かを確認するための他の方法で設計された。
1.流細胞分析法(Flow cytometry):
a.細胞収集段階:
i.500xgで5分間遠心分離して50mlファルコンチューブにcellをペレット化させた(pelleting);
ii.前記得られたcell pelletを10ml PBSで1回洗い落とし、500xgで5分間遠心分離してcellをペレット化させた;
iii.1ml PBSでcellsを再懸濁させた後、cellを計数した(counting cells);
iv.Blocking buffer(PBS+3%FCS)で細胞を希釈させた(細胞希釈濃度:5×105cell/well(10×106cells/mL));
v.V−bottomed 96−well platesにCellをwellあたり50ulずつ添加した。
2.Layout分析方法により、duplicateあるいはtriplicateでwellあたり50ul IgGを入れた後(所望の最終濃度×2倍濃縮されたstock;例えば、最終濃度が25ug/mlを所望する場合に50ug/ml stock準備)、得られたサンプルを4回ピペッティングして混合した。
3.室温で30分間インキュベーティングした。
4.Blocking buffer200ulを入れた。
5.500xgで5分間遠心分離してcellをペレット化させた。
6.plateを用心深くひっくり返したり吸入(aspiration)により上層液(supernatant)を除去した。
7.200ul blocking bufferを入れてcellを柔らかく洗い落とした後、ピペットを用いて4回程度均等に混合した。
8.500xgで5分間遠心分離してcellをペレット化させた。
9.培地を除去した。
10.Blocking bufferに1:200で希釈したgoat anti−human IgG Alexa Fluor488 200ulをCell pelletに入れて用心深く再懸濁させ、光が遮断された所で1時間程度iceに放置した。
11.500xgで5分間遠心分離してcellをペレット化させた。
12.培地を除去した。
13.200ul blocking bufferを入れてcellを柔らかく洗い落とした後、ピペットを用いて4回程度均等に混合した。
14.500xgで5分間遠心分離してcellをペレット化させた。
15.Blocking buffer200ulを入れてcell pelletを柔らかく再懸濁させた。
16.Flow cytometerを用いてplateを読んだ。
本実施例は、CEM7とU937cell(ATCCR CRL1593.2TM)に対するscFvの結合程度を試験したもので、E.coli periplasmで発現するsoluble scFvsを用い、flow cytometryによるscFv cell binding分析のためにデザインされた。
1日目:クローン接種
1.Starter culture plate:
a.200ul 2YT(2x yeast extract)+5%(w/v)グリコース+アンピシリンを96−well culture plateに満たした。
b.所望のクローン(anti−CD43(mJL1)scFv coding DNA:SEQ ID NO:49;Sh741−112scFv coding DNA:SEQ ID NO:51;Sh145−112scFv coding DNA:SEQ ID NO:53;Sh146−112:SEQ ID NO:55;またはSh434−112scFv codig DNA:SEQ ID NO:57)と共に、比較群となり得るscFvsを含めてwellに接種した。
2.650rpm、37℃の条件でshakingしながら、一晩中培養した。
Periplasmic extract cultures:
3.Inoculate expression plates:periplasmic extractの最終用途に応じて、1つのサンプルあたり1つ以上のwellを接種することができる。
a.1.0mL/well of 2YT+Amp(noglucose)で96deep−well plateを満たした。
b.種菌培養したものをOD600で0.1の値を有するように希釈した後、96well plateに接種した。650rpm、30℃の条件で2〜4時間shakingしながら培養した。周期的にOD plateでサンプルを採取して、OD600における混濁度(turbidity)を測定した。OD600値が0.7から1.0の間となるように細胞を育てた。
4.発現PlatesにおけるscFv発現の誘導:
a.periplasmic extract cultureの発現誘導のために、IPTG(stock IPTGを1:100で希釈)を添加した2YT+Ampを発現plateに100ulずつ入れる。
b.650rpmおよび22℃の条件でshakingしながら、一晩中培養した。
Periplasmic extractions:
5.periplasmic extractの準備:
a.Cellを2000xgで10分間遠心分離してPellet化させた。
b.発現plateにある上層液を漂白剤の入っている容器に払い落し、紙タオル上に載せて、plateに残っている培地を除去した。
c.それぞれのwellに75uLの冷PPB(Potassium Phosphate Buffer)+protease inhibitor(50mLあたり1つのタブレット;cOmplete;Roche,Cat.No:04693116001)を入れて、ピペッティングを4回程度して再懸濁させた後、1000rpmおよび4℃の条件で10分間培養した。
d.それぞれのwellに225uLの冷H2O+protease inhibitor(50mLあたり1つのタブレット)を入れて、ピペッティングを4回程度して再懸濁させた後、1000rpmおよび4℃の条件で1時間shakingしながら培養した。
e.Plateを3000xgで10分間遠心分離する。
f.Periplasmic extracts(約270uL)をfilter stack(ensure A1 orientation corresponds)に移し入れた。
i.上部分:1.2um 96well filter plate
ii.中間部分:100K 96well filter plate
iii.下部分:96−well、flat based standard plate。
g.Plateを4000rpmで20分間遠心分離した。
h.(もし必要であれば)flow cytometry分析準備のために、それぞれのクローンに対するサンプルを集める。
6.Flow cytometry:
a.scFv samples:periplasmic extractsの使用
b.細胞の収集:
i.Cellを50mL falcon tubeに入れて、500xgで5分間遠心分離してペレット化させた(pelleting)。
ii.10mL PBSを用いてcell pelletを1回洗い、500xgで5分間遠心分離してcellをペレット化させた。
iii.1mL PBSでcellを再懸濁させた後、cellを計数した(counting cells)。
iv.Cellを0.5×105cells/well(2.5×106cells/mL)で希釈した。
v.V−bottomed 96−well platesにwellあたり20ul cell stockを入れた。
c.periplasmic extractをwellあたり20ulずつduplicate(scFv)で入れた。
そして、ピペッティングを4回程度してサンプルを柔らかく混合した。
d.室温で30分間放置した。
e.180uL Blocking bufferを入れた。
f.500xgで5分間遠心分離してcellをペレット化させた。
g.plateを用心深くひっくり返したり吸入(aspiration)により上層液(supernatant)を除去した。
h.Cellに200uL blocking bufferを入れて柔らかく洗い落とし、ピペッティングを4回程度してサンプルが均等に混合できるようにした。
i.Cellを500xgで5分間遠心分離してペレット化させた。
J.培地を除去した。
k.予め準備しておいたbinding bufferに5ug/mL anti−Flag PE−conjugated antibody(BioLegend,Cat.No:637310)を50ulを入れてcellを柔らかく再懸濁させた。この抗体は光に敏感であるため、plateは光から最大限保護されなければならない。光から保護された状態で30分間iceに放置した。
l.Cellを500xgで5分間遠心分離してペレット化させた。
m.培地を除去した。
n.Cellに200uL blocking bufferを入れて柔らかく洗い落とし、ピペッティングを4回程度してサンプルが均等に混合できるようにした。
o.Cellを500xgで5分間遠心分離してペレット化させた。
p.Cellに200μL blocking bufferを入れて柔らかく再懸濁させた。
q.Guava flow cytometer(//Merckmillipore)を用いてplateを読んだ。黄色の蛍光を認知できるように、flow cytometerは予め準備されなければならない。
本実験は、抗体治療に適した標的epitope(JL−1)を検証するために行われた。本実験では、前記エピトープに結合するmouse anti−CD43単クローン抗体(重鎖:SEQ ID NO:34;重鎖コーディングDNA:SEQ ID NO:33;重鎖発現ベクター(pTT5 based):SEQ ID NO:35;軽鎖:SEQ ID NO:37、軽鎖コーディングDNA:SEQ ID NO:36;軽鎖発現ベクター(pTT5 based):SEQ ID NO:37)が使用された。
前記表3から明らかなように、cord blood stem cellから得られたnormal human Hematopoietic stem cells(HSCs)でNSG miceを還元し、4週間、抗−CD43抗体−toxin(サポリン)接合体を処理した時、造血区画のいかなる損失も観察されなかった。このような結果は、抗−CD43抗体−toxin(サポリン)接合体が造血幹細胞や中間前駆体細胞を死滅させないことを示す。
多様なヒト正常組織においてマウス抗−CD43抗体を用いて免疫組織化学法(IHC)を行い、得られた結果を下記表4に示した。
mouse CD43抗体(重鎖:SEQ ID NO:34;重鎖コーディングDNA:SEQ ID NO:33;重鎖発現ベクター:SEQ ID NO:35、軽鎖:SEQ ID NO:37;軽鎖コーディングDNA:SEQ ID NO:36;軽鎖発現ベクター(pTT5 based):SEQ ID NO:38)の重鎖、軽鎖それぞれのCDR部位配列(CDRH1:SEQ ID NO:111(GYFMN);CDRH2:SEQ ID NO:114(RINPNNGDSFYNQKFQG);CDRH3:SEQ ID NO:118(EGYYGGRGYALDY);CDRL1:SEQ ID NO:119(RTSQDISNYLN);CDRL2:SEQ ID NO:121(NTSRLHS);CDRL3:SEQ ID NO:125(QQSNMFPY))を維持し、ヒト抗体遺伝子をコーディングしているgermlineの配列に基づいてFramework regionに対する部位の配列を組換えたscFv形態の組換えヒューマナイズド抗体ライブラリーを作製した。
実施例18で得られたヒト化抗−CD43抗体(257−10;SEQ ID NO:6(重鎖可変領域)+SEQ ID NO:105(軽鎖可変領域)含む)の軽鎖可変領域(SEQ ID NO:105)に糖化(glycosylation)可能性のあるアミノ酸配列があることを発見し、これを除去するための変異(mutant)抗体を製造した。
DTQMTQSPSSVSASVGDRVTITCRTSQDISNYLNWYQQKPGKAPKLLIYNTARLHSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYCQQSNMFPYTFGQGTKLEIK
[SEQ ID NO108(N50Q)]
DTQMTQSPSSVSASVGDRVTITCRTSQDISNYLNWYQQKPGKAPKLLIYQTSRLHSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYCQQSNMFPYTFGQGTKLEIK
[SEQ ID NO109(N50A)]
DTQMTQSPSSVSASVGDRVTITCRTSQDISNYLNWYQQKPGKAPKLLIYATSRLHSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYCQQSNMFPYTFGQGTKLEIK
Claims (22)
- 抗CD43抗体又はその抗原結合断片を含む、固形癌を治療するための、又は癌幹細胞を阻害するための薬学組成物であって、抗CD43抗体又はその抗原結合断片が、SEQ ID NO:110のCDR1H、SEQ ID NO:113のCDR2H、SEQ ID NO:118のCDR3H、SEQ ID NO:119のCDR1L、SEQ ID NO:124のCDR2L、及びSEQ ID NO:125のCDR3Lを含む、薬学組成物。
- 抗原決定部位は、SEQ ID NO:131、132、133、及び134から選択されたアミノ酸配列からなる、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記抗CD43抗体またはその抗原結合断片は、SEQ ID NO:111または112のCDR1H、SEQ ID NO:114、115、116または117のCDR2H、SEQ ID NO:118のCDR3H、SEQ ID NO:119のCDR1L、SEQ ID NO:124のCDR2L、およびSEQ ID NO:125のCDR3Lを含む、請求項1又は2に記載の組成物。
- 前記抗CD43抗体またはその抗原結合断片は、SEQ ID NO:111のCDR1H、SEQ ID NO:114のCDR2H、SEQ ID NO:118のCDR3H、SEQ ID NO:119のCDR1L、SEQ ID NO:124のCDR2L、およびSEQ ID NO:125のCDR3Lを含む、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 前記抗CD43抗体またはその抗原結合断片は、SEQ ID NO:6の重鎖可変領域およびSEQ ID NO:109の軽鎖可変領域を含む、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 前記固形癌は、胃癌、乳癌、肺癌、大腸癌、肝癌、胆嚢癌、腎臓癌、膵臓癌、甲状腺癌、前立腺癌、卵巣癌、子宮頸部癌、または膀胱癌である、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 細胞毒性物質および標識物質からなる群より選択された1種以上を追加的に含む、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 前記細胞毒性物質は、リシン、サポリン、ゲロニン、モモルジン、デボウガニン、ジフテリア毒素、シュードモナス毒素、放射線同位元素、デュオカルマイシン、モノメチルアウリスタチンE(MMAE)、モノメチルアウリスタチンF(MMAF)、N2’−ジアセチル−N2’−(3−メルカプト−1−オキソプロピル)マイタンシン(DM1)、およびピロロベンゾジアゼピン(PBD)ダイマーからなる群より選択された1種以上である、請求項7に記載の組成物。
- 癌幹細胞は、血液悪性腫瘍または固形癌の癌幹細胞である、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- SEQ ID NO:110のCDR1H、SEQ ID NO:113のCDR2H、SEQ ID NO:118のCDR3H、SEQ ID NO:119のCDR1L、SEQ ID NO:124のCDR2L、およびSEQ ID NO:125のCDR3Lを含む、抗CD43抗体またはその抗原結合断片。
- SEQ ID NO:111または112のCDR1H、SEQ ID NO:114、115、116、または117のCDR2H、SEQ ID NO:118のCDR3H、SEQ ID NO:119のCDR1L、SEQ ID NO:124のCDR2L、およびSEQ ID NO:125のCDR3Lを含む、請求項10に記載の抗CD43抗体またはその抗原結合断片。
- 前記抗CD43抗体またはその抗原結合断片は、SEQ ID NO:111のCDR1H、SEQ ID NO:114のCDR2H、SEQ ID NO:118のCDR3H、SEQ ID NO:119のCDR1L、SEQ ID NO:124のCDR2L、およびSEQ ID NO:125のCDR3Lを含む、請求項10又は11に記載の抗CD43抗体またはその抗原結合断片。
- SEQ ID NO:6の重鎖可変領域;およびSEQ ID NO:109の軽鎖可変領域を含む、請求項10〜12のいずれか一項に記載の抗CD43抗体またはその抗原結合断片。
- 請求項10〜13のいずれか一項に記載の抗CD43抗体またはその抗原結合断片;および
細胞毒性物質および標識物質からなる群より選択された1種以上を含む接合体。 - 前記細胞毒性物質は、リシン、サポリン、ゲロニン、モモルジン、デボウガニン、ジフテリア毒素、シュードモナス毒素、放射線同位元素、デュオカルマイシン、モノメチルアウリスタチンE(MMAE)、モノメチルアウリスタチンF(MMAF)、N2’−ジアセチル−N2’−(3−メルカプト−1−オキソプロピル)マイタンシン(DM1)、およびピロロベンゾジアゼピン(PBD)ダイマーからなる群より選択された1種以上である、請求項14に記載の接合体。
- 請求項10〜13のいずれか一項に記載の抗CD43抗体またはその抗原結合断片、又は請求項14又は15に記載の接合体、および薬学的に許容可能な担体を含む、癌を治療又は予防するための薬学組成物。
- 癌が、血液悪性腫瘍である、請求項16に記載の薬学組成物。
- 血液悪性腫瘍は、急性骨髄球性白血病、急性リンパ球性白血病、急性単球性白血病、ホジキンリンパ腫、又は非ホジキンリンパ腫である、請求項17に記載の組成物。
- 請求項10〜13のいずれか一項に記載の抗CD43抗体またはその抗原結合断片をコードする核酸分子。
- 請求項19に記載の核酸分子を含む組換えベクター。
- 請求項20に記載の組換えベクターを含む組換え細胞。
- 請求項21に記載の組換え細胞を培養する段階を含む、請求項10〜13のいずれか一項に記載の抗CD43抗体またはその抗原結合断片の製造方法。
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AU2016901555A AU2016901555A0 (en) | 2016-04-28 | CD43 binding proteins and uses thereof | |
PCT/KR2016/011428 WO2017065493A1 (ko) | 2015-10-12 | 2016-10-12 | 항-cd43 항체 및 이의 암 치료 용도 |
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EP3952886A1 (en) | 2019-04-10 | 2022-02-16 | Elevatebio Technologies, Inc | Flt3-specific chimeric antigen receptors and methods of using the same |
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US6277375B1 (en) | 1997-03-03 | 2001-08-21 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Immunoglobulin-like domains with increased half-lives |
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RU2694903C1 (ru) | 2019-07-18 |
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AU2016339513B2 (en) | 2019-11-28 |
US20200392240A1 (en) | 2020-12-17 |
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