JP6758224B2 - Mushroom cultivation assistance frame and mushroom cultivation and harvesting method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a cultivation auxiliary frame that is attached around cultivation bottles arranged in a plurality of squares when cultivating mushrooms to grow mushrooms upward and facilitate harvesting.

Conventionally, when cultivating mushrooms using a cultivation bottle, as described in each of the following patent documents, a cap is put on the mouth of the cultivation bottle for the purpose of adjusting the stock shape of mushrooms and facilitating harvesting. I came.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 5-227840 JP-A-2002-218844 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2004-147668 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2007-215417 JP-A-2007-236318 JP-A-2007-306807 JP-A-2009-171878 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2014-161242

Mushrooms such as Bunashimeji are commercially available as they are packed as they are, with medium raw materials such as sawdust and corn hump adhering to the stone tip due to the characteristics of the cultivation method. Since the stone tip part to which the medium material is attached cannot be eaten, the pack is labeled as if the stone tip part is removed and cooked. However, even if the stone tip portion is removed in the cooking process, there are inconveniences such as the culture medium raw material often being mixed into the dish.

Therefore, the present inventors have developed a cultivation method that makes it easy to cut the stone tip portion when harvesting mushrooms by correcting the mushrooms so that they grow as upward as possible from the opening of the cultivation bottle in the process of cultivating mushrooms. The present application provides a cultivation method thereof and a cultivation assistance frame used for the cultivation.

(1) First Invention In view of the above, the first invention of the present application includes a bottomed columnar body portion 51 and a shoulder portion 53 that narrows inward as the upper end portion of the body portion 51 goes upward. A plurality of cultivation bins 50 having the same shape having a columnar neck portion 52 protruding upward from the upper end of the shoulder portion 53 and having an opening area smaller than the cross-sectional area of the body portion 51 are arranged in a plurality of rows in the lateral direction. A plan view of a square mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame 10 that surrounds the outside of the neck 52 that is lined up on the outermost periphery of the neck 52 in a state of being arranged in a plurality of rows in the vertical direction and is placed on the shoulder 53. And
It has four frame side surface portions 20 having a height from the middle position of the shoulder portion 53 to a position beyond the upper end of the neck portion 52, and also
Each of the frame side surface portions 20 is characterized in that the upper edge 21 is inclined so as to be located outside the lower edge 22 of the frame side surface portion 20.

The cultivation bottle 50 in which the mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame 10 according to the present invention is used is one that can be used for cultivation of mushroom 70 and has the above-mentioned body 51, shoulder 53 and neck 52. The shape of the mushroom does not matter. The material is not limited as long as it is used as a normal mushroom cultivation bottle, but it is desirable that it is lightweight and has some elasticity, and in that respect, synthetic resins such as polypropylene and polyethylene are preferable. Is.

Here, the types of mushrooms that the present invention is supposed to be applied to are not particularly limited as long as they can be cultivated in the cultivation bottle 50, and for example, cultivation of beech mushrooms, maitake mushrooms, eryngii mushrooms, oyster mushrooms, etc. It is applicable to.

The "row" related to the arrangement of the cultivation bins 50 in the present invention means the arrangement in the horizontal direction, and the "column" means the arrangement in the vertical direction. That is, the number of cultivation bins constituting the "row" corresponds to the number of "columns", and similarly, the number of cultivation bins 50 constituting the "column" corresponds to the number of "rows". In the present invention, it is assumed that the number of cultivated bins 50 arranged in the vertical direction and the number of cultivated bins 50 arranged in the horizontal direction may differ from each other in the present invention to distinguish between "row" and "column". Because it is. Therefore, as long as the "row" and the "column" can be distinguished, either of them can be regarded as the "row" or the "column". Further, the number of cultivation bins 50 constituting the "row" and the "column" may be the same, but in this case, there is no difference between the "row" and the "column".

In the mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame 10 of the present invention, the lower edge 22 of the frame side surface portion 20 is attached in contact with the shoulder portion 53. Then, the upper edge 21 of the frame side surface portion 20 reaches a position beyond the upper end of the neck portion 52. The height of the side surface portion 20 of the frame is not particularly limited, but it is sufficient if the height of the outermost mushroom 70 can be corrected so that it grows straight upward. Therefore, it is desirable to set the height of the frame side surface portion so that the upper edge of the frame side surface portion 20 is at a position higher than the upper end of the neck portion 52 by 2 cm or more.

The mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame 10 of the present invention has a square opening (upper opening 23) formed by the upper edge 21 of the frame side surface portion 20 and a square opening (lower opening 24) formed by the lower edge 22. Has. Each of the four frame side surface portions 20 is tilted so as to expand upward. Therefore, the area of the upper opening 23 is larger than that of the lower opening 24. As the material of the mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame 10, a synthetic resin having some flexibility such as polypropylene or polyethylene is suitable because it requires some elastic deformation at the time of attachment / detachment.

As described above, the mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame 10 of the present invention surrounds the outside of the neck 52 of the cultivation bottles 50 arranged on the outermost circumference, and is placed on the shoulder 53. Therefore, the mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame 10 of the present invention is formed in a size that can maintain this placed state. That is, it is necessary that the lower opening 24 has a size that keeps the lower opening 24 resting on the shoulder 53 and does not fall down. When attaching / detaching to / from the cultivation bottle 50, it is necessary to have flexibility to the extent that it can be deformed by appropriate elasticity.

(2) Second Invention In addition to the features of the first invention, the second invention of the present application has a body portion 51 having a bottomed tubular shape and a shoulder portion 53 of the cultivation bin 50. The diameter of the upper end portion of the body portion 51 gradually decreases upward, and the neck portion 52 projects upward from the upper end of the shoulder portion 53 and has a tubular shape having a diameter smaller than that of the body portion 51 and the upper end is open. Shape,
The plurality of cultivation bottles 50 are arranged in M columns and N rows (where M and N are natural numbers and at least one of M and N is 2 or more).
When the diameter of the body 51 is D ₁ and the diameter of the neck 52 is D ₂ (where D ₁ > D ₂ ),
The lateral length _HL of the lower edge 22 of the frame side surface portion 20 is (M-1) · D ₁ + D ₂ < _HL <M · D ₁
And
The vertical length _VL of the lower edge 22 of the frame side surface portion 20 is (N-1) · D ₁ + D ₂ < _VL <N · D ₁
And
Horizontal length H _U of the upper edge 21 of the frame side portions 20 is longer than the H _L,
The vertical length V _U of the upper edge 21 of the frame side surface portion 20 is longer than the _VL .

In the second invention, the shape of the cultivation bottle 50 is limited to a tubular shape that is frequently used as a cultivation bottle for mushrooms, and the length and width of the upper opening 23 and the lower opening 24 are long, respectively. This is a concrete definition of the above.

Here, the body 51 of the cultivation bottle 50 is circular in a plan view, and the neck 52 is also circular in a plan view. The circles having a plan view shape of the body 51 and the neck 52 are concentric. On this premise, the radial width W of the shoulder portion 53 in a plan view is W = (D ₁ − D ₂ ) / 2.
It is represented by.

And since one row of cultivation bins 50 consists of M cultivation bins 50, the distance from the left end to the right end of the neck 52 located at both ends of this row is
D ₁ x (M-2) (pieces) + W x 2 (locations) + D ₂ x 2 (pieces)
= M ・ D _1-2・ D ₁ + (D ₁ − D ₂ ) + 2 ・ D ₂
= (M-1) D ₁ + D ₂
Will be. This is the lower limit of the lateral length ( _HL ) of the lower edge 22. And since the upper limit of _HL must not exceed from the left end to the right end of M cultivation bottles 50,
MD ₁
Will be.

Similarly, the lower limit of the vertical length ( _VL ) of the lower edge 22 is
(N-1) ・ D ₁ + D ₂
Will be. And _again , the upper limit of _VL is N ・ D ₁
Will be.

That is, since _HL and _VL are within the above ranges, the lower opening 24 described above is below the cultivation bin 50 at the outermost shoulder portion 53 of the cultivation bin 50 arranged in the M column and the N row. It is possible to keep the mounted state without falling off.

On the other hand, the horizontal length of the upper edge 21 (H _U) is the upper limit not particularly limited as long as greater than the H _L described above, the extent to which it can surround the outermost neck 52 It is rather desirable that the length is not too large. Specifically, the length of one line of the cultivation bottle 50, that is, MD ₁
It is enough if it exceeds.

Similarly, with respect to the vertical length (V _U ) of the upper edge 21, the lower limit value is the above-mentioned _VL , and the upper limit thereof is N · D _1.
It is enough if it exceeds.

(3) Third Invention Further, in the third invention of the present application, in addition to the features of the first or second invention, the horizontal portion 31 projecting horizontally from the outer peripheral surface of the frame side surface portion 20 to the outside. When,
A hanging portion 32 that hangs downward from the outer edge of the horizontal portion,
It is characterized in that the reinforcing flange 30 having the above is provided.

The reinforcing flange 30 is provided for the purpose of reinforcement for preventing the frame side surface portion 20 from unnecessarily expanding outward.

(4) Fourth Invention In addition to the features of the third invention, the fourth invention of the present application is a reinforcing rib 40 interposed between the lower surface of the horizontal portion 31 and the outer surface of the frame side surface portion 20. Is provided.

The reinforcing rib 40 is provided for the purpose of reinforcing the reinforcing flange 30 from below.

(5) Fifth Invention The fifth invention of the present application is a method for cultivating and harvesting mushrooms 70 using the mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame 10 according to any one of the first invention to the fourth invention. There,
The mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame 10 is attached to the outermost circumference of the arranged cultivation bottles 50 so as to surround the outside of the neck 52 and place it on the shoulder 53.
After the mushroom 70 has grown, the mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame 10 is pulled down until the upper edge 21 of the frame side surface 20 is located below the upper end of the neck 52.
The grown mushroom 70 is cut along the upper end of the neck 52.

When the mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame 10 is attached in a state where a plurality of cultivation bottles 50 are arranged in a plurality of columns and a plurality of rows as described above, the outermost cultivation bottle 50 is provided by the frame side surface portion 20. It will be effectively regulated that the mushroom 70 that grows from the mushroom 70 spreads outward. As a result, the mushroom 70 is corrected so that it grows straight upward.

Here, it is desirable that the timing of attaching the mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame 10 is performed until the mushroom 70 protrudes from the opening of the cultivation bottle 50. At the end of the mycelial culture step to the mycelial scraping step, a plurality of cultivation bottles 50 will be arranged in a square shape as described above. At this time, it is possible to attach the mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame 10 together. It is administratively efficient.

Then, when the mushroom 70 has grown sufficiently, the mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame 10 is pulled downward to expose the root of the mushroom 70 protruding from the neck 52. Here, since the mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame 10 and the cultivation bin 50 also have a certain degree of flexibility as described above, they are elastically deformed to a position where the lower opening 24 reaches the body 51. It is possible to lower the mushroom cultivation subsidy frame 10 while making it work.

In this state, the grown mushroom 70 is cut along the upper edge of the neck 52 by using an appropriate cutting means such as a cutter or a blade. Here, since the cultivation bottles 50 have the same size as described above, the upper edges of the neck 52 are also at substantially the same height. Therefore, the upper edge of the neck 52 can be used as a guide for cutting.

Since the present invention is configured as described above, the effects described below are obtained.

That is, by growing the mushrooms straight upward by the side surface of the frame in the process of cultivating the mushrooms, the mushrooms can be grown to a uniform length without spreading outward or downward. Then, by cutting the stone tip portion along the upper end of the neck of the cultivation bottle, it becomes possible to harvest mushrooms without contamination with the medium. In addition, since there is no contamination of the medium, the shelf life is improved as compared with the conventional product. Further, since it is possible to save the trouble of cutting and removing the stone tip portion before cooking, the labor force and food hygiene are improved.

Specifically, since the medium is not mixed into the dish, the trouble of cutting the stone tip portion can be saved, and the purchased product can be cooked and eaten with peace of mind without throwing it away.
In addition, since the medium does not adhere to the stone tip portion, all of the shipped products become edible portions, and the adhesion of germs and medium residue generated by the dirt on the mouth portion of the cultivation bottle is suppressed.

Furthermore, when cutting mushrooms along the upper edge of the neck of the cultivation bottle, the mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame that is pulled down supports the cultivation bottle so that it is pressed from the outer circumference, making cutting work easier. Become.

It is a top view of the mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a front view of the mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a bottom view of the mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame which concerns on 1st Embodiment. FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. A partial cross-sectional view shows a state in which the mushroom cultivation auxiliary frames according to the first embodiment are overlapped. It is a front sectional view of the cultivation bottle used in 1st Embodiment. The state in which the cultivation bottles are arranged in the first embodiment is shown. A perspective view shows a state in which the mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame according to the first embodiment is attached to a plurality of cultivation bottles. A plan view shows a state in which the mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame according to the first embodiment is attached to a plurality of cultivation bottles. In the first embodiment, a state in which mushrooms are sufficiently grown is shown. In the first embodiment, a state in which the mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame is pulled downward is shown. The state after cutting the mushroom from the state of FIG. 11 is shown. It is a top view of the mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a front view of the mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a left side view of the mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a bottom view of the mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing of XVII-XVII of FIG. The state in which the cultivation bottles are arranged in the second embodiment is shown. A plan view shows a state in which the mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame according to the second embodiment is attached to a plurality of cultivation bottles. It is a schematic diagram about the space between cultivation bottles. When the area of the region X shown in FIG. 20 is appropriate (A and B) and when it is too large (C and D), the state in which the mushrooms have grown (A and C) and the state after the mushrooms have been cut (B and D). ) Is a photograph showing an example.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The resin materials mentioned below are merely examples, and other materials can be used as appropriate.

(1) First Embodiment (1-1) Mushroom cultivation assistance frame 10
1 to 4 show a plan view (FIG. 1), a front view (FIG. 2), a bottom view (FIG. 3), and IV-IV in FIG. 1 of the mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame 10 according to the first embodiment, respectively. It is shown in the cross-sectional view (FIG. 4). The rear view, the left side view, and the right side view appear in the same manner as the front view.

The mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame 10 according to the present embodiment has a square shape in a plan view (see FIG. 1). The four sides are formed as frame side surface portions 20 (see FIG. 4) that are open upward. As a result, the upper opening 23 formed by the upper edge 21 of the frame side surface portion 20 has a larger area than the lower opening 24 formed by the lower edge 22 of the frame side surface portion 20 (see FIG. 4). .. A reinforcing flange 30 projects outward from the outer circumference of the frame side surface portion 20. The reinforcing flange 30 has a horizontal portion 31 projecting horizontally from the frame side surface portion 20 and a hanging portion 32 hanging downward from the outer edge of the horizontal portion 31 (see FIG. 4) on the bottom surface side of the reinforcing flange 30. Reinforcing ribs 40 are provided so as to connect the lower surface side of the horizontal portion 31, the inner surface side of the hanging portion 32, and the outer surface side of the frame side surface portion 20 at the four corners and two intermediate portions on each side. (See FIGS. 2 to 4).

The mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame 10 according to the present embodiment is formed by injection molding of polypropylene resin. The reinforcing flange 30 is provided so that the side surface portion 20 of the frame is less likely to bend outward. Further, the reinforcing rib 40 is provided to prevent the reinforcing flange 30 from bending downward. At the same time, the reinforcing rib 40 abuts on the upper edge 21 of the frame side surface portion 20 when the mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame 10 is stacked and stored (see FIG. 5), so that the mushroom cultivation on the upper side from the superposed state is performed. It also has the effect of making it easier to remove the auxiliary frame 10.

(1-2) Cultivation bottle 50
The cultivation bottle 50 is formed by blow molding of polypropylene resin, polyethylene resin, etc., and as shown in FIG. 6, a cylindrical neck having a cylindrical shape at the upper end of a cylindrical body 51, a shoulder portion 53 having a stroking shoulder shape, and a neck having a thinner cylinder shape. It has a part 52 integrally. The outer diameter of the torso 51 is D ₁ , and the outer diameter of the neck 52 is D ₂ .

In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the cultivation bins 50 are arranged in a square shape with a total of 36 bottles in 6 rows × 6 columns. The vertical direction and the horizontal direction referred to in this paragraph refer to the vertical direction and the horizontal direction in the figure, respectively. Here, it can be seen that the distance (α) from the upper end to the lower end in the vertical direction of the cultivation bin 50 in this arranged state is “6 ・ D ₁ ”. Further, it can be seen that the distance (β) from the upper end of the upper end neck 52 to the lower end of the lower end neck 52 in the same vertical direction is “5 ・ D ₁ + D ₂ ”. Similarly, it can be seen that the distance (γ) from the left end to the right end in the lateral direction of the cultivation bottle 50 is “6 ・ D ₁ ”. Further, it can be seen that the distance (δ) from the left end of the left end neck 52 to the right end of the right end neck 52 in the lateral direction is “5 ・ D ₁ + D ₂ ”.

(1-3) Installation of Mushroom Cultivation Auxiliary Frame 10 In the present embodiment, a case where beech mushrooms are cultivated as mushroom 70 will be described as an example. The cultivation bottle 50 is filled with a medium 60 prepared in the same manner as in conventional beech mushroom cultivation, allowed to cool after sterilization, and then inoculated with an inoculum to form a fungus bed, which accommodates a total of 36 cells in 6 columns x 6 rows. After being housed in a possible container 80 (see FIG. 8), the temperature is maintained at 20-21 ° C. in the culture chamber for a predetermined period of culture to allow the hyphae to grow. Then, a fungus scraping step of scraping the marginal side of the medium 60 in a ring shape from the opening portion of the cultivation bottle 50 is performed in the fungus scraping chamber. The time point of this fungus scraping step is defined as the 0th day of growth. At this stage, as shown in FIG. 8, the outer periphery of the outermost cultivation bottle 50 is attached so as to cover the mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame 10, and is transferred to the sprout chamber. In this state, the room temperature is maintained at about 15 ° C., and the fruiting body is allowed to stand for about 2 weeks while being appropriately irradiated with light from above to allow the fruiting body primordium to sprout.

The length of the lower edge 22 of the frame side surface portion 20 of the mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame 10 is formed to be longer than the above-mentioned distance β and shorter than the distance α. Similarly, the lateral length of the lower edge 22 of the frame side surface portion 20 is formed to be longer than the above-mentioned distance δ and shorter than the distance γ. As a result, when the mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame 10 is attached as shown in FIG. 8, the lower edge 22 of the frame side surface portion 20 is placed on the shoulder portion 53 of the cultivation bottle 50 as shown in FIG. It is supposed to be kept at.

(1-4) Harvesting of Mushroom 70 After the sprouting period is completed, the cultivation bottle 50 is transferred to the growth room together with the container 80. In this state, the room temperature is maintained at about 15 ° C., and the fruiting body primordium is grown by allowing it to stand for about 1 week while appropriately irradiating light from above. At this time, the fruiting body primordium growing from the outermost cultivation bottle 50 is prevented from extending outward by the frame side surface portion 20 that regulates the outer circumference, and is forced to extend upward. .. This upward extension of the fruiting body primordium in the outermost cultivation bottle 50 promotes the upward extension of the fruiting body primordium growing in the innermost cultivation bin 50. This encourages the fruiting bodies to grow almost straight up and in a nearly uniform length in all cultivation bins 50 in the container 80.
As shown in FIG. 10, when the fruiting body grows and the mushroom 70 extends from the upper end of the cultivation bin 50 to a predetermined length, the cultivation bin 50 together with the container 80 is taken out of the growth chamber. Then, as shown in FIG. 11, the mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame 10 is pulled downward to expose the neck 52 of the cultivation bottle 50. Then, by cutting the mushrooms 70 along the upper end of the neck 52, the mushrooms 70 of almost uniform length are cut one by one with the stone tip portion left in the cultivation bottle 50 (see FIG. 12). It will be harvested in pieces.

(2) Second embodiment (2-1) Mushroom cultivation assistance frame 10
13 to 16 show a plan view (FIG. 13), a front view (FIG. 14), a left side view (FIG. 15), and a bottom view (FIG. 16) of the mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame 10 according to the second embodiment, respectively. And it is shown in the cross-sectional view (FIG. 17) of XVII-XVII in FIG. The rear view appears the same as the front view, and the right side view appears the same as the left side view.

The mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame 10 according to the present embodiment has a rectangular shape in a plan view (see FIG. 13). The four sides are formed as a frame side surface portion 20 (see FIG. 17) that is open upward. As a result, the upper opening 23 formed by the upper edge 21 of the frame side surface portion 20 has a larger area than the lower opening 24 formed by the lower edge 22 of the frame side surface portion 20 (see FIG. 17). .. A reinforcing flange 30 projects outward from the outer circumference of the frame side surface portion 20. The reinforcing flange 30 has a horizontal portion 31 projecting horizontally from the frame side surface portion 20 and a hanging portion 32 hanging downward from the outer edge of the horizontal portion 31 (see FIG. 17). The bottom surface side of the reinforcing flange 30. Reinforcing ribs 40 are provided so as to connect the lower surface side of the horizontal portion 31, the inner surface side of the hanging portion 32, and the outer surface side of the frame side surface portion 20 at the four corners and two intermediate portions on each side. (See FIGS. 14 to 17).

The material of the mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame 10 and the technical significance of the reinforcing flange 30 and the reinforcing rib 40 according to the present embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment.

(2-2) Cultivation bottle 50
The cultivation bottle 50 is the same as that of the first embodiment.

In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 18, the cultivation bins 50 are arranged in a rectangular shape with a total of 18 bottles in 6 columns × 3 rows. The vertical direction and the horizontal direction referred to in this paragraph refer to the vertical direction and the horizontal direction in the figure, respectively. Here, it can be seen that the distance (α) from the upper end to the lower end in the vertical direction of the cultivation bin 50 in this arranged state is “3 ・ D ₁ ”. Further, it can be seen that the distance (β) from the upper end of the upper end neck 52 to the lower end of the lower end neck 52 in the same vertical direction is “2 ・ D ₁ + D ₂ ”. Similarly, it can be seen that the distance (γ) from the left end to the right end in the lateral direction of the cultivation bottle 50 is “6 ・ D ₁ ”. Further, it can be seen that the distance (δ) from the left end of the left end neck 52 to the right end of the right end neck 52 in the lateral direction is “5 ・ D ₁ + D ₂ ”.

(2-3) Installation of Mushroom Cultivation Auxiliary Frame 10 In the present embodiment, a case where beech mushrooms are cultivated as mushroom 70 will be described as an example. The cultivation bottle 50 is filled with a medium 60 prepared in the same manner as in conventional beech mushroom cultivation, allowed to cool after sterilization, and then inoculated with an inoculum to form a fungal bed, which accommodates a total of 18 cells in 6 columns x 3 rows. After being housed in a possible container (not shown), the temperature is maintained at 20-21 ° C. in the culture chamber for a predetermined period of culture to allow the hyphae to grow. Then, a fungus scraping step of scraping the marginal side of the medium 60 in a ring shape from the opening portion of the cultivation bottle 50 is performed in the fungus scraping chamber. The time point of this fungus scraping step is defined as the 0th day of growth. At this stage, as shown in FIG. 19, the outer periphery of the outermost cultivation bottle 50 is attached so as to cover the mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame 10, and the bottle is transferred to the sprout chamber. In this state, the room temperature is maintained at about 15 ° C., and the fruiting body is allowed to stand for about 2 weeks while being appropriately irradiated with light from above to allow the fruiting body primordium to sprout.

The length of the lower edge 22 of the frame side surface portion 20 of the mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame 10 is formed to be longer than the above-mentioned distance β and shorter than the distance α. Similarly, the lateral length of the lower edge 22 of the frame side surface portion 20 is formed to be longer than the above-mentioned distance δ and shorter than the distance γ. As a result, when the mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame 10 is attached as shown in FIG. 19, the lower edge 22 of the frame side surface portion 20 is maintained in a state of being placed on the shoulder portion 53 of the cultivation bottle 50. ing.

(2-4) Harvesting of Mushroom 70 The harvest of mushroom 70 is the same as that of the first embodiment.

(3) Gap between cultivation bins 50 When a plurality of tubular cultivation bins 50 are arranged in a square shape as shown in FIGS. 7 and 18, as shown in FIG. 20, adjacent 2 columns × 2 rows It is inevitable that a gap will be created between the four cultivation bottles 50. If the fruiting body extends toward this gap, it may be prevented from growing straight upward in this portion. Therefore, it is desirable to adjust the size of the cultivation bottle 50 so that this gap is as small as possible. Specifically, it is required to make the area of the region indicated by X in FIG. 20 as small as possible.

Here, the area of this region X is the same as in the first and second embodiments, when the outer diameter of the body 51 of the cultivation bottle 50 is D ₁ and the outer diameter of the neck 52 is D _2. ,
^{_{X = D 1 2 -π · D}} 2 2/4
Is required at.

Below, the area of this area X was calculated for the following 6 types of cultivation bottles that are commonly used for mushroom cultivation, and the results are as shown in Table 1 below.

In the above table, the states in which the beech mushrooms are cultivated using the cultivation bottles of "No. 1", "No. 2" and "No. 3" are as shown in FIGS. 21 (A) and 21 (B). That is, when a cultivation bottle having an area of area X of less than 3000 mm ² is used, beech mushrooms grow without gaps between the cultivation bottles (FIG. 21 (A)), and the area corresponding to the area X even in the cut state. Almost no distorted beech mushrooms can be seen in (Fig. 21 (B)).

On the other hand, in the above table, the states in which the beech mushrooms are cultivated using the cultivation bottles of "No. 4", "No. 5" and "No. 6" are as shown in FIGS. 21 (C) and 21 (D). That is, when a cultivation bottle having an area of more than 3000 mm ² is used, a gap is observed between the cultivation bottles (FIG. 21 (C)), and in the cut state, the cut surface is formed in the area corresponding to the region X. A distorted beech mushroom umbrella portion is observed (Fig. 21 (D)).

From the above, in the mushroom cultivation and harvesting method according to the present invention, it is desirable that the area of the region X is less than 3000 mm ² .

The present invention can be used for cultivation of mushrooms such as beech mushroom, maitake mushroom, eryngii mushroom, and oyster mushroom.

10 Mushroom cultivation assistance frame
20 Frame side surface 21 Upper edge 22 Lower edge
23 Upper opening 24 Lower opening
30 Reinforcing flange 31 Horizontal part 32 Hanging
40 Reinforcing ribs
50 Cultivation bottle 51 Body 52 Neck
53 shoulders
60 medium
70 mushrooms
80 container

Claims (5)

A bottomed columnar body, a shoulder that narrows inward as the upper end of the body moves upward, and an opening area that protrudes upward from the upper end of the shoulder and is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the body. A plurality of cultivation bottles having a columnar neck and the same shape are arranged in a square shape in a plurality of columns in the horizontal direction and in a plurality of rows in the vertical direction, and surround the outside of the neck lined on the outermost periphery thereof. , A plan-view square mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame placed on the shoulder.
It has four frame side surfaces having a height from the middle position of the shoulder to a position beyond the upper end of the neck.
Each of the side surface portions of the frame is an auxiliary frame for mushroom cultivation, characterized in that the upper edge is inclined so as to be located outside the lower edge of the side surface portion of the frame. The cultivation bottle has a bottomed tubular body, a shoulder having a shape in which the diameter of the upper end of the body gradually decreases upward, and a neck having a neck upward from the upper end of the shoulder. It has a tubular shape with a diameter smaller than that of the body and an open upper end.
The plurality of cultivation bottles are arranged in M columns and N rows (however, M and N are natural numbers, and at least one of M and N is 2 or more).
When the diameter of the body is D ₁ and the diameter of the neck is D ₂ (where D ₁ > D ₂ ),
The lateral length _HL of the lower edge of the frame side surface portion is (M-1) · D ₁ + D ₂ < _HL <M · D ₁
And
The vertical length _VL of the lower edge of the frame side surface portion is (N-1) · D ₁ + D ₂ < _VL <N · D ₁
And
Horizontal length H _U of the upper edge of the frame side portion is longer than the H _L,
The mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame according to claim 1, wherein the vertical length V _U of the upper edge of the frame side surface portion is longer than the _VL . A horizontal portion that horizontally protrudes outward from the outer peripheral surface of the frame side surface portion,
A hanging part that hangs downward from the outer edge of the horizontal part,
The mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a reinforcing flange is provided. The mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame according to claim 3, wherein a reinforcing rib interposed between the lower surface of the horizontal portion and the outer surface of the frame side surface portion is provided. A method for cultivating and harvesting mushrooms using the mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
The mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame is attached so as to surround the outside of the neck on the outermost circumference of the arranged cultivation bottles and to be placed on the shoulders.
After the mushrooms have grown, the mushroom cultivation auxiliary frame is pulled down until the upper edge of the side surface of the frame is located below the upper end of the neck.
A method for cultivating and harvesting mushrooms, which comprises cutting the grown mushrooms along the upper end of the neck.