JP6736072B2 - Dehumidification system for gardening facilities - Google Patents
Dehumidification system for gardening facilities Download PDFInfo
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- JP6736072B2 JP6736072B2 JP2019181641A JP2019181641A JP6736072B2 JP 6736072 B2 JP6736072 B2 JP 6736072B2 JP 2019181641 A JP2019181641 A JP 2019181641A JP 2019181641 A JP2019181641 A JP 2019181641A JP 6736072 B2 JP6736072 B2 JP 6736072B2
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Description
本発明は、園芸用施設の除湿システムに関し、特に、除湿のための吸着塔を備えた園芸用施設において、除湿の際に発生する熱も利用することのできる園芸用施設の除湿システムに関する。 The present invention relates to a dehumidification system for a horticultural facility, and more particularly to a dehumidification system for a horticultural facility that can utilize heat generated during dehumidification in a horticultural facility including an adsorption tower for dehumidification.
施設園芸栽培において温湿度管理は重要な要素であり、特に冬季の栽培においては、夜間温室内の温度が作物の生育に影響を与える温度以下とならないように、加温機を用いて温室内を温めている。この加温機は、重油や灯油などを燃焼させることにより得られた熱を、温風として送るシステムとしている。 Temperature and humidity control is an important factor in institutional horticultural cultivation, and particularly in winter cultivation, the temperature inside the greenhouse is kept below the temperature that affects the growth of crops by using a warmer to keep the temperature inside the greenhouse. It's warming up. This warmer has a system in which heat obtained by burning heavy oil or kerosene is sent as warm air.
また施設園芸栽培においては、温度管理のみならず、湿度管理も重要であり、特に夜間においては、高湿度条件となることから、うどんこ病の発生や花シミなど植物の病気の発生に繋がるため、除湿装置や空調設備の設置も別途検討がなされている。
また、光合成が行われる昼間においては、夜間に除湿をして低湿度のままであると気孔が開かず光合成が促進されないため、逆に加湿を行うことが必要となっている。
In addition, not only temperature control but also humidity control is important in institutional horticultural cultivation. Especially at night, high humidity conditions lead to the development of powdery mildew and plant diseases such as flower spots. The installation of dehumidifiers and air conditioning equipment is also under consideration.
Further, in the daytime when photosynthesis is performed, if dehumidification is performed at night and the humidity is kept low, the pores are not opened and the photosynthesis is not promoted. Therefore, it is necessary to perform the humidification on the contrary.
上記のように施設園芸栽培において温度および湿度の管理のため、加温および除湿の必要性が求め続けられている。
例えば、加温においては、省エネを目的として、園芸用施設内における加温時の設定温度を超える上昇分を低減させる燃焼方式（特許文献１）や、熱媒循環のためのポンプから発生する熱を熱源とした加温装置（特許文献２）等が開発されている。また、除湿においては、圧縮機、熱交換器などを備えた空調システムおよび除湿システム（特許文献３〜５）や、塩化リチウムなどの吸湿性塩を利用した調湿装置（特許文献６）や吸着式冷凍機（特許文献７）を用いた空調システム等が開発されている。
As described above, the need for heating and dehumidification has been continuously sought in order to control temperature and humidity in institutional horticulture.
For example, in heating, for the purpose of energy saving, a combustion method (Patent Document 1) for reducing an increase amount exceeding a set temperature during heating in a gardening facility, or heat generated from a pump for circulating a heat medium. A heating device (Patent Document 2) and the like using a heat source has been developed. Further, in dehumidification, an air conditioning system and a dehumidification system equipped with a compressor, a heat exchanger, and the like (Patent Documents 3 to 5), a humidity control device using a hygroscopic salt such as lithium chloride (Patent Document 6) and adsorption. An air-conditioning system using a refrigerator (Patent Document 7) has been developed.
しかしながら、特許文献１、２の装置においては、バーナーを用いたシステムにおける効率の向上を求めたものや、水中モーターポンプ通電時に発生する熱を利用するなど、燃焼および電気による熱を用いるものであり、イニシャルコストにかかる費用が高いという問題があった。また、特許文献３〜７の装置においては、圧縮機、熱交換、吸着式冷凍機等を用いるため、どうしてもイニシャルコストにかかる費用が高く、必要であってもなかなか新しい設備を導入するまでに至らないコスト的な要因があった。 However, the devices of Patent Documents 1 and 2 use heat generated by combustion and electricity, such as a device that requires improved efficiency in a system that uses a burner and that uses heat generated when a submersible motor pump is energized. There was a problem that the initial cost was high. Further, in the devices of Patent Documents 3 to 7, since a compressor, heat exchange, an adsorption type refrigerator and the like are used, the initial cost is unavoidably high, and even if necessary, it is quite difficult to introduce new equipment. There was no cost factor.
本発明は、以上のような事情に鑑みてなされたものであって、加熱機、圧縮機、吸着式冷凍機等によらず、低コストで園芸用施設内の除湿及び加温を同時に行うことが可能な、園芸用施設の除湿システムを提供することを目的とするものである。
また、本発明は、光合成が行われて二酸化炭素が減少している園芸用施設内に、園芸用施設内よりも二酸化炭素濃度の高い園芸用施設外の空気を送りこむことにより、園芸用施設内の二酸化炭素飢餓を同時に解消することをもう１つの目的とするものである。
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and simultaneously performs dehumidification and heating in a horticultural facility at low cost regardless of a heater, a compressor, an adsorption refrigerator, or the like. It is an object of the present invention to provide a dehumidification system for gardening facilities that enables
Further, the present invention, in the horticultural facility in which the carbon dioxide concentration is higher than that in the horticultural facility where photosynthesis is carried out and carbon dioxide is reduced, the inside of the horticultural facility is supplied. Another purpose is to eliminate the carbon dioxide starvation of the above.
本発明者等は、上記目的を達成すべく検討を重ねた結果、水蒸気を吸着して発熱する吸着剤を用い、夜間は、該吸着剤に園芸用施設内の高湿度な空気を送り込み、該吸着剤により除湿されると同時に吸着時の発熱により加温された空気を園芸用施設内に供給することにより、加温及び除湿を１台で同時に行うことができ、また、昼間は、園芸用施設外の低湿度な空気を用いて前記吸着剤を再生する際、その空気を園芸用施設内に供給することにより、加湿しながら園芸用施設内の二酸化炭素飢餓を同時に解消することができることを見いだし、本発明を完成するに至った。 The present inventors, as a result of repeated studies to achieve the above objects, use an adsorbent that adsorbs water vapor and generates heat, and at night, sends high humidity air in a gardening facility to the adsorbent, By supplying air heated by the heat generated during adsorption to the horticultural facility at the same time as being dehumidified by the adsorbent, it is possible to perform heating and dehumidification with one unit at the same time. When regenerating the adsorbent using low humidity air outside the facility, by supplying that air into the gardening facility, it is possible to simultaneously eliminate carbon dioxide starvation in the gardening facility while humidifying. The present invention has been completed and the present invention has been completed.
すなわち、前記課題を解決するための本発明は、以下のとおりである。
［１］園芸用施設内に、
水蒸気を吸着して除湿および発熱する吸着剤として、非晶質アルミニウムケイ酸塩、非晶質アルミニウムケイ酸塩と低結晶性層状粘土鉱物との複合体、及び非晶質アルミニウムケイ酸塩の粉体又は造粒体に吸湿性の塩を担持させたものから選ばれる少なくとも１種を充填した吸着塔と、
加熱手段と、
前記園芸用施設内の空気を、前記加熱手段を介さずに前記吸着塔に導入する第１の経路と、
前記園芸用施設外の空気を、前記加熱手段を介さずに前記吸着塔に導入する第２の経路と、
前記園芸用施設外の空気を、前記加熱手段を介して前記吸着塔に導入する第３の経路と、
前記加熱手段の前段に配置された、前記第１の経路、前記第２の経路、及び第３の経路のいずれか１つに切り換える切換手段と、
前記吸着塔から排出される空気を園芸用施設内に導入する第４の経路と
を少なくとも備えた園芸用施設の除湿システムであって、
園芸用施設内の高湿度な空気を前記第１の経路から前記吸着塔に送り込み、吸着剤により除湿されると同時に吸着時の発熱により加温された空気を前記第４の経路から園芸用施設内に送り込み、
前記の水蒸気を吸着した吸着剤を再生する際に、園芸用施設外の空気を前記第２の経路又は前記第３の経路から前記吸着塔に送り込み、吸着剤の再生を行った後の空気を前記第４の経路から園芸用施設内に送り込むことで、加湿と同時に、園芸用施設外の空気と同等の濃度の二酸化炭素を園芸用施設内に供給することを特徴とする園芸用施設の除湿システム。
［２］前記吸着塔から排出される空気を、熱交換器を介して園芸用施設内に導入する第５の経路、及び該第５の経路と前記第４の経路とを切り換える切換手段を備えることを特徴とする［１］に記載の園芸用施設の除湿システム。
［３］園芸用施設内に、
水蒸気を吸着して除湿および発熱する吸着剤として、非晶質アルミニウムケイ酸塩、非晶質アルミニウムケイ酸塩と低結晶性層状粘土鉱物との複合体、及び非晶質アルミニウムケイ酸塩の粉体又は造粒体に吸湿性の塩を担持させたものから選ばれる少なくとも１種を充填した吸着塔と、
オン／オフ切り換え機能を備えた加熱手段と、
園芸用施設内の空気を、前記加熱手段を介して前記吸着塔に導入する第１の経路と、
園芸用施設外の空気を、前記加熱手段を介して前記吸着塔に導入する第２の経路と、
前記加熱手段の前段に配置された、前記第１の経路又は第２の経路のいずれかに切り換える切換手段と、
前記吸着塔から排出される空気を園芸用施設内に導入する第３の経路と
を少なくとも備えた園芸用施設の除湿システムであって、
前記加熱手段をオフに切り換えて、園芸用施設内の高湿度な空気を前記第１の経路から前記吸着塔に送り込み、吸着剤により除湿されると同時に吸着時の発熱により加温された空気を前記第３の経路から園芸用施設内に送り込み、
前記の水蒸気を吸着した吸着剤を再生する際に、前記加熱手段をオフ又はオンに切り換えて、園芸用施設外の空気を前記第２の経路から前記吸着塔に送り込み、吸着剤の再生を行った後の空気を前記第３の経路から園芸用施設内に送り込むことで、加湿と同時に、園芸用施設外の空気と同等の濃度の二酸化炭素を園芸用施設内に供給することを特徴とする園芸用施設の除湿システム。
［４］前記吸着塔から排出される空気を、熱交換器を介して園芸用施設内に導入する第４の経路、及び該第４の経路と前記第３の経路とを切り換える切換手段を備えることを特徴とする［３］に記載の園芸用施設の除湿システム。
That is, the present invention for solving the above problems is as follows.
[1] In the gardening facility,
As an adsorbent that adsorbs water vapor to dehumidify and generate heat , amorphous aluminum silicate, a complex of amorphous aluminum silicate and low crystalline layered clay mineral, and powder of amorphous aluminum silicate An adsorption tower filled with at least one selected from those in which a hygroscopic salt is supported on a body or a granulated body ,
Heating means,
A first path for introducing air in the gardening facility into the adsorption tower without passing through the heating means ;
A second path for introducing the air outside the gardening facility into the adsorption tower without passing through the heating means ;
A third path for introducing the horticultural facilities outside air, the adsorption tower through the heating means,
Wherein disposed upstream of the heating means, and the first path, the second path, and switching means for switching to any one of the third path,
A dehumidification system for a horticultural facility comprising at least a fourth path for introducing the air discharged from the adsorption tower into the horticultural facility ,
High-humidity air in the gardening facility is sent from the first path to the adsorption tower, and the air that has been dehumidified by the adsorbent and at the same time heated by the heat generated during adsorption is supplied from the fourth path to the gardening facility. Send it in,
When regenerating the adsorbent that has adsorbed the water vapor, the air outside the gardening facility is sent to the adsorption tower from the second route or the third route, and the air after regenerating the adsorbent is removed. by feeding the horticultural facility from said fourth path, humidified at the same time, the air equivalent concentration outside of horticultural facilities carbon dioxide horticultural facility characterized that you supply horticultural facility Dehumidification system.
[2] A fifth path for introducing the air discharged from the adsorption tower into the gardening facility through a heat exchanger, and a switching means for switching the fifth path and the fourth path. The dehumidification system for a gardening facility according to [1], which is characterized in that
[3] In the gardening facility,
As an adsorbent that adsorbs water vapor to dehumidify and generate heat, amorphous aluminum silicate, a complex of amorphous aluminum silicate and a low crystalline layered clay mineral, and powder of amorphous aluminum silicate An adsorption tower filled with at least one selected from those in which a hygroscopic salt is supported on a body or a granulated body,
Heating means having an on/off switching function,
A first path for introducing air in the gardening facility into the adsorption tower via the heating means;
A second path for introducing air outside the gardening facility into the adsorption tower via the heating means;
Switching means arranged before the heating means for switching to either the first path or the second path;
A third route for introducing the air discharged from the adsorption tower into the gardening facility;
A dehumidification system for a gardening facility having at least
The heating means is switched off, and high-humidity air in the horticultural facility is sent to the adsorption tower from the first path, and dehumidified by the adsorbent and at the same time, the air heated by the heat generated during the adsorption is removed. Send it to the gardening facility from the third route,
When regenerating the adsorbent that has adsorbed the water vapor, the heating means is switched off or on, and air outside the horticultural facility is sent to the adsorption tower from the second path to regenerate the adsorbent. It is characterized in that after the air is sent into the horticultural facility through the third route, the carbon dioxide having the same concentration as the air outside the horticultural facility is supplied to the horticultural facility at the same time as the humidification. Dehumidification system for gardening facilities.
[4] A fourth path for introducing the air discharged from the adsorption tower into the gardening facility through a heat exchanger, and a switching means for switching the fourth path and the third path The dehumidification system for a gardening facility according to [3], which is characterized in that
本発明によれば、夜間の園芸用施設内の高湿度な空気と、昼間の園芸用施設外の低湿度な空気を用い、ファン等により吸着剤を充填した吸着塔に空気を送り込むだけで、夜間は除湿及び加温が１台で同時にでき、また、昼間は吸着剤を再生する際に、園芸用施設外の空気を用いて、園芸用施設内への加湿及び施設外の空気と同等の濃度の二酸化炭素の供給ができる。
また、本発明においては、吸着塔と園芸用施設内の間に熱交換器を備えておくことにより、昼間に吸着剤の再生をする際に園芸用施設内の温度の上昇を避けたい場合には、吸着剤により除湿されると同時に加温された空気を、外気と熱交換して冷却した後に、園芸用施設内に供給することもできる。
このように、本発明は、除湿においてはヒートポンプなどを用いず、また加温については燃焼や電気による発熱を利用せず、主にファンによる送風のみにて容易に園芸用施設内の温度及び湿度を管理することが可能であるため、イニシャルコストの低減と、電力使用量の低減を可能とするシステムを供給することができる。
According to the present invention, a high-humidity air in the night horticultural facility, only using the low-humidity air outside the facility for daytime gardening, feeding air to the adsorption column filled with the adsorbent by a fan or the like Dehumidification and heating can be done at the same time with one unit at night, and during the daytime, when the adsorbent is regenerated, the air outside the gardening facility is used to equalize the humidification into the gardening facility and the air outside the facility. It is possible to supply carbon dioxide at a concentration of.
Further, in the present invention, by providing a heat exchanger between the adsorption tower and the horticultural facility, when it is desired to avoid a temperature rise in the horticultural facility when regenerating the adsorbent during the daytime. Can also be supplied to the horticultural facility after the air that has been dehumidified by the adsorbent and heated at the same time is heat-exchanged with the outside air to cool.
As described above, the present invention does not use a heat pump or the like in dehumidification, does not utilize heat generation by combustion or electricity for heating, and mainly uses only a fan to blow the temperature and humidity in the gardening facility easily. Therefore, it is possible to supply a system capable of reducing the initial cost and the amount of power consumption.
以下、本発明の園芸用施設の除湿システムについて、該システムの実施形態を示す概念図を用いて説明する。 Hereinafter, the dehumidification system for a gardening facility of the present invention will be described with reference to the conceptual diagram showing the embodiment of the system.
図１は、本発明のシステムの実施形態の１つを示す概念図であって、水蒸気を吸着して発熱する吸着剤を充填した吸着塔、及び加熱装置を備えており、園芸用施設内の高湿度空気を、該加熱装置を介さずに前記吸着塔に導入する第１の経路と、園芸用施設外の空気を、該加熱装置を介さずに前記前記吸着塔に導入する第２の経路と、水蒸気を吸着した吸着剤の再生時に、園芸用施設外の空気を、加熱装置を介して前記吸着塔に導入する第３の経路とを有し、これらの経路は、前記加熱装置の前段に配置された、流路を切り換えるバルブや三方コックなどの切換手段により、いずれかを選択しうるようにされている。
また、該図に示す装置においては、前記吸着塔から排出される空気を園芸施設内に導入する第４の経路を有しており、該経路の途中にファンを設置することで、前記の園芸用施設内の空気を、或いは前記園芸用施設外の空気を、前記吸着塔を介して、園芸用施設内に供給することを可能にしている。
FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing one of the embodiments of the system of the present invention, which is equipped with an adsorption tower filled with an adsorbent that adsorbs water vapor and generates heat , and a heating device . the high humidity air, the a first route to be introduced into the adsorption column without passing through the heating device, the horticultural facilities outside air, the second to be introduced into said adsorption tower without passing through the heating device and route, during regeneration of the adsorbent which has adsorbed water vapor, the air outside the facility in horticulture, and a third route for the introduction into the adsorption tower through a heating device, these pathways, the disposed upstream of the heating device, the switching means, such as cutting changeover obtain valve and three-way cock the flow path, is adapted may select one.
Further, in the apparatus shown in figure has a fourth through passage for introducing the air discharged from the adsorption tower in horticultural facilities, by installing the fan in the middle of the pathway, the It is possible to supply the air inside the gardening facility or the air outside the gardening facility into the gardening facility through the adsorption tower.
図１に示す実施形態において、園芸用施設内の除湿の際には、園芸用施設内の高湿度の空気が第１の経路から吸着塔へ導入され、吸着剤に水蒸気が吸着される。その後、この水蒸気を吸着した吸着剤に、前記園芸用施設外の空気を第２の経路又は第３の経路から送り込んで該吸着剤の再生を行った後、吸着塔にて加湿された空気を、第４の経路から園芸用施設内に送り込む。 In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, upon removal of the horticultural facility humidity, the air of high humidity horticultural facility is introduced into the first path or al adsorption tower, water vapor is adsorbed by the adsorbent. Thereafter, the adsorbent which has adsorbed the moisture, after regeneration of the adsorbent the previous SL horticultural facilities outside air is fed into the second path or the third path, humidified by the adsorption tower air Through the fourth route into the gardening facility .
図２は、本発明のシステムの他の実施形態の１つを示す概念図であって、図１に図示する実施形態と同様に水蒸気を吸着して発熱する吸着剤を充填した吸着塔及びオン／オフ切り換え機能を備えた加熱装置を備えており、園芸用施設内の空気を、前記加熱装置を介して前記吸着塔に導入する第１の経路と、園芸用施設外の空気を、前記加熱装置を介して前記吸着塔に導入する第２の経路とを有し、これらの経路は、前記加熱装置の前段に配置された、流路を切り換えるバルブや三方コックなどの切換手段により、いずれかを選択しうるようにされており、該加熱装置をオンに切り換えることにより、園芸用施設外の空気（外気）を加熱してから吸着塔に導入するしうるようにされている。
図２に示す実施形態においても、前記吸着塔から排出される空気を園芸施設内に導入する経路（第３の経路）を有しており、該経路の途中にファンを設置することで、前記の園芸用施設内の空気を、或いは前記園芸用施設外の空気を、前記吸着塔を介して、園芸用施設内に供給することを可能にしている。
FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing one of other embodiments of the system of the present invention. As in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, an adsorption tower filled with an adsorbent that adsorbs steam to generate heat and an on- column. A heating device having an on/off switching function is provided, and the first path for introducing the air in the gardening facility into the adsorption tower via the heating device and the air outside the gardening facility are heated. And a second passage introduced into the adsorption tower through a device, and these passages are provided by a switching device such as a valve or a three-way cock that is provided in the preceding stage of the heating device to switch the flow passage. By switching on the heating device, the air outside the gardening facility (outside air) can be heated before being introduced into the adsorption tower.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 also, there is a path (third path) for introducing the air discharged from the adsorption tower into the horticultural facility, and by installing a fan in the middle of the path, The air inside the gardening facility or the air outside the gardening facility can be supplied into the gardening facility through the adsorption tower.
図３は、本発明のシステムの他の実施形態の１つを示す概念図であって、除湿を行いたいが園芸用施設内の温度を上げたくないときときに行う実施形態であり、図１に図示した実施形態に加えて、前記吸着塔から排出される空気を、熱交換器を介して園芸用施設内に導入する第５の経路、及び該第５の経路と前記第４の経路を切り換える手段を備えており、吸着塔にて除湿・加温された空気を、園芸用施設外にて外気と熱交換を行い、外気とほぼ同じ温度の空気を園芸施設内に供給することを可能としている。 FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing one of other embodiments of the system of the present invention, which is an embodiment performed when it is desired to dehumidify but do not want to raise the temperature in the gardening facility. in addition to the illustrated embodiment, the air discharged from the adsorption tower, the fifth route of introducing through a heat exchanger in horticultural facilities, and the fifth through path and the fourth comprising means for switching the route, it supplies the dehumidified, warmed air, performed outside air exchanges heat with outside horticultural facilities, substantially air of the same temperature as the outside air into horticultural site at the adsorption tower It is possible.
図１〜３における加熱手段としては、吸着剤を再生するために空気を加温することが可能であれば、特に限定されることなく、例えば、ヒーターのほか、太陽熱温水器などを用いることが可能である。 The heating means in FIGS. 1 to 3 is not particularly limited as long as it can heat the air to regenerate the adsorbent, and for example, a solar water heater or the like can be used in addition to the heater. It is possible.
図１〜３に例示する本発明の園芸用施設の除湿システムは、園芸用施設内に配置されても、或いは園芸用施設外に配置されても良いが、園芸用施設内に配置することにより、装置からの放熱分がそのまま園芸用施設内の空気を暖めることになるため、園芸用施設内の温度を上げたい場合には、園芸用施設内に配置することが望ましい。
以下、これらの図を用いて、順に詳しく説明する。
The dehumidification system for a horticultural facility of the present invention illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3 may be arranged in the horticultural facility or outside the horticultural facility. Since the amount of heat radiated from the device directly heats the air in the gardening facility, it is desirable to place it in the gardening facility in order to raise the temperature in the gardening facility.
Hereinafter, detailed description will be given in order with reference to these drawings.
（吸着剤）
本発明の園芸用施設内への除湿システムにおいて、用いる吸着剤は、水蒸気を吸着して発熱する吸着剤であれば、特に限定されないが、吸着剤として水蒸気吸脱着量が多く、様々な湿度条件に対応するために幅広い湿度帯で吸着できる吸着剤であることが望ましい。
そのような吸着剤としては、例えば、非晶質アルミニウムケイ酸塩（特開２００８−１７９５３３号公報参照）、非晶質アルミニウムケイ酸塩と低結晶性層状粘土鉱物との複合体（国際公開第２００９／０８４６３２号参照）、非晶質アルミニウムケイ酸塩の粉体に吸湿性の塩を担持させたもの（特願２０１７−２０１９５８号参照）、及び非晶質アルミニウムケイ酸塩の造粒体に吸湿性の塩を担持させたもの（特開２０１６−２１５１２６号公報参照）などが挙げられる。なかでも、非晶質アルミニウムケイ酸塩の粉体又は造粒体に吸湿性の塩を担持させた吸着剤は、高湿度領域における水蒸気吸着量が非常に多いことから、本発明の園芸用施設内への熱供給システム及び熱供給装置に適しているといえるものである。
シリカゲルＢ型やアルミナゲルなどの吸着剤でも除湿は可能であるが、除湿と加温の両方を加味すると、幅広い湿度帯で吸着できる吸着剤であることが望ましい。
(Adsorbent)
In the dehumidifying system for the gardening facility of the present invention, the adsorbent used is not particularly limited as long as it is an adsorbent that adsorbs water vapor and generates heat, but the adsorbent has a large amount of water vapor adsorption/desorption and various humidity conditions. Therefore, it is desirable that the adsorbent be capable of adsorbing in a wide range of humidity.
Examples of such adsorbents include amorphous aluminum silicate (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-179533), a complex of amorphous aluminum silicate and a low crystalline layered clay mineral (International Publication No. No. 2009/084632), a powder of amorphous aluminum silicate supporting a hygroscopic salt (see Japanese Patent Application No. 2017-201958), and granules of amorphous aluminum silicate. Examples thereof include those carrying a hygroscopic salt (see JP-A-2016-215126). Among them, the adsorbent obtained by supporting a hygroscopic salt on the powder or granules of amorphous aluminum silicate has a very large amount of water vapor adsorption in the high humidity region, and thus the horticultural facility of the present invention. It can be said that it is suitable for a heat supply system and a heat supply device to the inside.
Dehumidification is possible even with an adsorbent such as silica gel B type or alumina gel, but if both dehumidification and heating are taken into consideration, it is desirable that the adsorbent can adsorb in a wide humidity range.
（除湿）
図１又は図２に図示するシステムにおいて、夜間の園芸用施設内の高湿度な空気をファンによって第１の経路から取り入れ、吸着塔へ導入させる。吸着塔において、高湿度な空気は、吸着塔に充填された吸着剤に吸着され、除湿されるともに加温される。吸着塔によって加温及び除湿が同時にされた空気は、ファンが設置されている経路（前記の図１における第４の経路、又は図２における第３の経路）から園芸用施設内へと供給される。
このように、本発明の園芸用施設内への除湿システムにおいては、加温のための発熱機や、除湿のためのヒートポンプなどを用いることなく、主にファンによる送風のみで、容易に園芸用施設内の温度及び湿度を管理することが可能となる。
(Dehumidification)
In the system shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2, the high-humidity air in the night horticultural facility incorporating first route or al by the fan, it is introduced into the adsorption tower. In the adsorption tower, high-humidity air is adsorbed by the adsorbent filled in the adsorption tower, dehumidified, and heated. The air that has been heated and dehumidified simultaneously by the adsorption tower is supplied into the horticultural facility from the route in which the fan is installed (the fourth route in FIG. 1 or the third route in FIG. 2). It
As described above, in the dehumidification system for the horticultural facility of the present invention, without using a heat generator for heating, a heat pump for dehumidification, etc. It is possible to control the temperature and humidity inside the facility.
図３に図示するシステムにおいて、夜間の園芸用施設内の高湿度な空気をファンによって第１の経路から取り入れ、吸着塔へ導入させる。吸着塔において、高湿度な空気は、吸着塔に充填された吸着剤に吸着され、除湿されるともに加温される。
園芸用施設内の温度を上げたくないときには、園芸施設内の送り込む経路（前記の図１における第４の経路又は図２における第３の経路）を、熱交換器を介して園芸用施設内に導入する経路に切り換えることにより、吸着塔によって加温及び除湿が同時にされた空気は、ファンが設置されている経路から一旦園芸用施設外に出て、外気と熱交換を行い外気とほぼ同じ温度まで冷却した後、園芸用施設内へと供給することができる。
In the system shown in FIG. 3, a high-humidity air in the night horticultural facility incorporating first route or al by the fan, it is introduced into the adsorption tower. In the adsorption tower, high-humidity air is adsorbed by the adsorbent filled in the adsorption tower, dehumidified, and heated.
When it is not desired to raise the temperature in the gardening facility, the feeding route (the fourth route in FIG. 1 or the third route in FIG. 2) in the gardening facility is fed into the gardening facility through the heat exchanger. by switching the introduction to that route, the air heating and dehumidification are simultaneously by adsorption tower fans out once outside horticultural facilities from the path that has been established, substantially the same as the outside air is performed outside air heat exchange After cooling to temperature, it can be fed into the gardening facility.
（吸着剤の再生及び二酸化炭素の供給）
図１〜３に図示するシステムにおいて、吸着剤の再生の際に二酸化炭素の供給を行うため、昼間の園芸用施設外の低湿度な空気をファンによって取り入れ、吸着塔へ導入させる。吸着塔においては、導入された低湿度な空気によって、吸着塔に充填された吸着剤から水蒸気が放出され、吸着剤は再生される。吸着剤から放出された水蒸気によって加湿された空気は、ファンが設置されている経路から園芸用施設内へと供給される。このとき園芸用施設外の空気を導入することにより、光合成により園芸用施設外の空気よりも二酸化炭素濃度が低くなっている園芸用施設内へ、園芸用施設外の空気と同等な濃度の二酸化炭素が供給される。
(Regeneration of adsorbent and supply of carbon dioxide)
In the system shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 were placed Ri taken by line Utame the supply of carbon dioxide during the regeneration of the adsorbent, the daytime low humidity air outside horticultural facilities fan, introduced into the adsorption tower Let In the adsorption tower, the introduced low-humidity air releases water vapor from the adsorbent filled in the adsorption tower to regenerate the adsorbent. Air humidified by water vapor released from the adsorbent is supplied from the path fan that is installed into horticultural facility. By introducing this and can park arts facilities outside air, into horticultural facility in which the carbon dioxide concentration is lower than horticultural facilities outside air by photosynthesis, equivalent concentrations and horticultural facilities outside air Carbon dioxide is supplied .
吸着塔における吸着剤の再生は、園芸用施設外の低湿度な空気を用いることによって行われるが、雨の日など、湿度が高い日には、吸着塔に充填された吸着剤を再生させることができない。このような場合においては、園芸用施設外から取り込んだ空気を加熱手段によって加熱して相対湿度を下げることで、吸着塔に充填された吸着剤の再生を行うことが可能である。 Regeneration of the adsorbent in the adsorption tower is performed by using low-humidity air outside the horticultural facility, but on a humid day such as a rainy day, the adsorbent packed in the adsorption tower is regenerated. I can't. In such a case, by the facility or outside et captured air horticulture and heated by the heating means lowering the relative humidity, it is possible to perform regeneration of the adsorbent filled in the adsorption tower.
図１、図３に示したシステムでは、園芸用施設外の空気を加熱してから吸着剤の再生に用いる際には、前記第２の経路より導入された空気を、流路を切り換えるバルブや三方コックなどの切換手段により、加熱装置を通る第３の経路に切り換えるようにしてある。
また、該システムにおいて、図２に示すように、前記加熱装置として、オン／オフ切り換え機能を備えた加熱装置を用い、園芸用施設外の空気を加熱してから吸着剤の再生に用いる際には、該加熱装置をオンに切り換えるようにしてもよい。
1, the system shown in FIG. 3, when used after heating the horticultural facilities outside air to regeneration of the adsorbent is the introduced from before Symbol second path air, switch the flow path by obtaining valves and three-way cock switching means such as, it is as obtain conversion cut the third route of through the heating device.
Further, in the system, as shown in FIG. 2, when a heating device having an on/off switching function is used as the heating device and the air outside the gardening facility is heated and then used for regeneration of the adsorbent. it may also be obtain conversion switch to turn on the heating device.
図２に示したシステムでは、前述のとおり、吸着塔の前段にオン／オフ切り替え機能付き加熱装置が配置されており、園芸用施設外から導入された空気を加熱してから吸着剤の再生に用いる際には、該加熱装置をオンに切り換えることにより、園芸用施設外から導入された空気を加熱できるようにしてある。 In the system shown in FIG. 2, as described above, in front of the adsorption tower ON / OFF switching function heating device is arranged, regeneration of the adsorbent is heated to horticultural facilities or out we introduced air when used in, by obtaining conversion over to turn on the heating device are also available heat horticultural facilities or out we introduced air.
図４は、本発明のシステムにおいて、除湿剤の再生時に、園芸用施設外の空気を、ヒーターを用いずに導入した際の、除湿塔出入口の温湿度の一例を示す図であり、２０１９年１月１９日６時から１月２０日１２時における、吸着塔入口の温度・湿度および、吸着塔出口の温度・湿度を示す。
１月１９日９時から１５時まで再生を行っており、この間の外気（除湿塔入口）の相対湿度は９時の６１％ＲＨから徐々に下がり１３時３０分から１５時においては２７〜３０％ＲＨ、除湿塔の出口の相対湿度は９時の４１％ＲＨから徐々に上がり１５時には４９％ＲＨとなっている。この間においては除湿塔の出口の相対湿度が除湿塔の入口の相対湿度よりも高く。また除湿塔出口の温度が除湿塔入口の温度より３〜６℃程度低く、再生が行われていることを示している。
一方で１月１９日２１時から１月２０日７時まで除湿を行っており、この間のハウス内（除湿塔入口）の相対湿度は８０〜９８％ＲＨと高い値を示しているが、除湿塔出口の相対湿度は３５〜５２％ＲＨと、この間においては除湿塔の出口の相対湿度が除湿塔の入口の相対湿度よりも低い。また除湿塔出口の温度が除湿塔入口の温度より８〜１０℃程度高く、除湿と加温が行われていることを示している。
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the temperature and humidity at the entrance and exit of the dehumidifying tower when air outside the horticultural facility is introduced without using a heater when the dehumidifying agent is regenerated in the system of the present invention. The temperature and humidity at the inlet of the adsorption tower and the temperature and humidity at the outlet of the adsorption tower from 6:00 on January 19 to 12:00 on January 20 are shown.
Regeneration is performed from 9:00 to 15:00 on January 19th, during which the relative humidity of the outside air (at the entrance of the dehumidifying tower) gradually decreases from 61% RH at 9:00 to 27-30% from 13:30 to 15:00. The relative humidity at the outlet of the RH and the dehumidifying tower gradually increased from 41% RH at 9 o'clock to 49% RH at 15:00. During this period, the relative humidity at the outlet of the dehumidifying tower is higher than the relative humidity at the inlet of the dehumidifying tower. Further, the temperature at the outlet of the dehumidifying tower is lower than the temperature at the inlet of the dehumidifying tower by about 3 to 6° C., indicating that regeneration is being performed.
On the other hand, dehumidification is performed from 21:00 on January 19 to 7:00 on January 20, and the relative humidity inside the house (inlet of the dehumidifying tower) during this period shows a high value of 80 to 98% RH. The relative humidity at the tower outlet is 35 to 52% RH, and the relative humidity at the outlet of the dehumidifying tower is lower than the relative humidity at the inlet of the dehumidifying tower during this period. Further, the temperature at the outlet of the dehumidifying tower is higher than the temperature at the inlet of the dehumidifying tower by about 8 to 10° C., indicating that dehumidification and heating are performed.
図５は、本発明のシステムにおいて、除湿剤の再生時に、園芸用施設外の空気を、ヒーターを用いて加熱してから導入した際の、除湿塔出入口の温湿度の一例を示す図であり、２０１９年４月２２日６時から４月２３日１２時における、吸着塔入口の温度・湿度および、吸着塔出口の温度・湿度を示す。
４月２２日９時から１８時まで再生を行っており、この間の除湿塔入口の相対湿度は１５〜２０％ＲＨでほぼ一定の値を示し、除湿塔の出口の相対湿度は９時〜１５時３０分においては相対湿度４５％〜５０ＲＨを示しているが、１５時３０分から徐々に下がり１８時には２０％ＲＨとなっている。この間においては除湿塔の出口の相対湿度が除湿塔の入口の相対湿度よりも高く、再生が行われていることを示している。
一方で４月２２日２０時から４月２３日８時まで除湿を行っており、この間のハウス内（除湿塔入口）の相対湿度は２０時は１０％ＲＨの値を示すが、その後相対湿度は徐々に上がり４月２３日８時の時点では４５％ＲＨの値を示しており、この間においては除湿塔の出口の相対湿度が除湿塔の入口の相対湿度よりも低い。また除湿塔入口と除湿塔出口の温度差は、初期は２０℃と大きく徐々に温度差は小さくなり最後は５℃程度の上昇となっていた。
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the temperature and humidity at the entrance and exit of the dehumidifying tower when the air outside the horticultural facility is heated with a heater and then introduced when the dehumidifying agent is regenerated in the system of the present invention. Shows the temperature and humidity at the inlet of the adsorption tower and the temperature and humidity at the outlet of the adsorption tower from 6:00 on April 22, 2019 to 12:00 on April 23.
Regeneration is performed from 9 am to 6 pm on April 22, during which the relative humidity at the dehumidifying tower inlet is approximately constant at 15 to 20% RH, and the relative humidity at the dehumidifying tower outlet is from 9 am to 15 pm. Although the relative humidity is 45% to 50 RH at 30 minutes, it gradually decreases from 15:30 to 20% RH at 18:00. During this period, the relative humidity at the outlet of the dehumidifying tower is higher than the relative humidity at the inlet of the dehumidifying tower, indicating that regeneration is being performed.
On the other hand, dehumidification is performed from 20:00 on April 22 to 8:00 on April 23, and the relative humidity inside the house (at the entrance of the dehumidification tower) during this time shows a value of 10% RH at 20:00, but thereafter the relative humidity Shows a value of 45% RH at 8 o'clock on April 23, during which the relative humidity at the outlet of the dehumidifying tower is lower than the relative humidity at the inlet of the dehumidifying tower. Further, the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the dehumidifying tower was as large as 20°C at the beginning and gradually decreased, and finally increased by about 5°C.
Claims (4)
水蒸気を吸着して除湿および発熱する吸着剤として、非晶質アルミニウムケイ酸塩、非晶質アルミニウムケイ酸塩と低結晶性層状粘土鉱物との複合体、及び非晶質アルミニウムケイ酸塩の粉体又は造粒体に吸湿性の塩を担持させたものから選ばれる少なくとも１種を充填した吸着塔と、
加熱手段と、
前記園芸用施設内の空気を、前記加熱手段を介さずに前記吸着塔に導入する第１の経路と、
前記園芸用施設外の空気を、前記加熱手段を介さずに前記吸着塔に導入する第２の経路と、
前記園芸用施設外の空気を、前記加熱手段を介して前記吸着塔に導入する第３の経路と、
前記加熱手段の前段に配置された、前記第１の経路、前記第２の経路、及び第３の経路のいずれか１つに切り換える切換手段と、
前記吸着塔から排出される空気を園芸用施設内に導入する第４の経路と
を少なくとも備えた園芸用施設の除湿システムであって、
園芸用施設内の高湿度な空気を前記第１の経路から前記吸着塔に送り込み、吸着剤により除湿されると同時に吸着時の発熱により加温された空気を前記第４の経路から園芸用施設内に送り込み、
前記の水蒸気を吸着した吸着剤を再生する際に、園芸用施設外の空気を前記第２の経路又は前記第３の経路から前記吸着塔に送り込み、吸着剤の再生を行った後の空気を前記第４の経路から園芸用施設内に送り込むことで、加湿と同時に、園芸用施設外の空気と同等の濃度の二酸化炭素を園芸用施設内に供給することを特徴とする園芸用施設の除湿システム。 In the gardening facility,
As an adsorbent that adsorbs water vapor to dehumidify and generate heat , amorphous aluminum silicate, a complex of amorphous aluminum silicate and a low crystalline layered clay mineral, and powder of amorphous aluminum silicate An adsorption tower filled with at least one selected from those in which a hygroscopic salt is supported on a body or a granulated body ,
Heating means,
A first path for introducing air in the gardening facility into the adsorption tower without passing through the heating means ;
A second path for introducing the air outside the gardening facility into the adsorption tower without passing through the heating means ;
A third path for introducing the horticultural facilities outside air, the adsorption tower through the heating means,
Wherein disposed upstream of the heating means, and the first path, the second path, and switching means for switching to any one of the third path,
A dehumidification system for a horticultural facility comprising at least a fourth path for introducing the air discharged from the adsorption tower into the horticultural facility ,
High-humidity air in the gardening facility is sent from the first path to the adsorption tower, and the air that has been dehumidified by the adsorbent and at the same time heated by the heat generated during adsorption is supplied from the fourth path to the gardening facility. Send it in,
When regenerating the adsorbent that has adsorbed the water vapor, the air outside the gardening facility is sent to the adsorption tower from the second route or the third route, and the air after regenerating the adsorbent is removed. by feeding the horticultural facility from said fourth path, humidified at the same time, the air equivalent concentration outside of horticultural facilities carbon dioxide horticultural facility characterized that you supply horticultural facility Dehumidification system.
水蒸気を吸着して除湿および発熱する吸着剤として、非晶質アルミニウムケイ酸塩、非晶質アルミニウムケイ酸塩と低結晶性層状粘土鉱物との複合体、及び非晶質アルミニウムケイ酸塩の粉体又は造粒体に吸湿性の塩を担持させたものから選ばれる少なくとも１種を充填した吸着塔と、As an adsorbent that adsorbs water vapor to dehumidify and generate heat, amorphous aluminum silicate, a complex of amorphous aluminum silicate and low crystalline layered clay mineral, and powder of amorphous aluminum silicate An adsorption tower filled with at least one selected from the group consisting of particles or granules carrying a hygroscopic salt,
オン／オフ切り換え機能を備えた加熱手段と、Heating means having an on/off switching function,
園芸用施設内の空気を、前記加熱手段を介して前記吸着塔に導入する第１の経路と、A first path for introducing air in the gardening facility into the adsorption tower via the heating means;
園芸用施設外の空気を、前記加熱手段を介して前記吸着塔に導入する第２の経路と、A second path for introducing air outside the gardening facility into the adsorption tower via the heating means;
前記加熱手段の前段に配置された、前記第１の経路又は第２の経路のいずれかに切り換える切換手段と、Switching means arranged before the heating means for switching to either the first path or the second path;
前記吸着塔から排出される空気を園芸用施設内に導入する第３の経路とA third route for introducing the air discharged from the adsorption tower into the gardening facility;
を少なくとも備えた園芸用施設の除湿システムであって、A dehumidification system for a gardening facility having at least
前記加熱手段をオフに切り換えて、園芸用施設内の高湿度な空気を前記第１の経路から前記吸着塔に送り込み、吸着剤により除湿されると同時に吸着時の発熱により加温された空気を前記第３の経路から園芸用施設内に送り込み、The heating means is switched off, and high-humidity air in the horticultural facility is sent to the adsorption tower from the first path, and dehumidified by the adsorbent and at the same time, the air heated by the heat generated during the adsorption is removed. Send it to the gardening facility from the third route,
前記の水蒸気を吸着した吸着剤を再生する際に、前記加熱手段をオフ又はオンに切り換えて、園芸用施設外の空気を前記第２の経路から前記吸着塔に送り込み、吸着剤の再生を行った後の空気を前記第３の経路から園芸用施設内に送り込むことで、加湿と同時に、園芸用施設外の空気と同等の濃度の二酸化炭素を園芸用施設内に供給することを特徴とする園芸用施設の除湿システム。When regenerating the adsorbent that has adsorbed the water vapor, the heating means is switched off or on, and air outside the horticultural facility is sent to the adsorption tower from the second path to regenerate the adsorbent. It is characterized in that after the air is sent into the horticultural facility through the third route, the carbon dioxide having the same concentration as the air outside the horticultural facility is supplied to the horticultural facility at the same time as the humidification. Dehumidification system for gardening facilities.
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