JP6729540B2 - 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 - Google Patents
内燃機関の排気浄化装置 Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9481—Catalyst preceded by an adsorption device without catalytic function for temporary storage of contaminants, e.g. during cold start
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0814—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents combined with catalytic converters, e.g. NOx absorption/storage reduction catalysts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9495—Controlling the catalytic process
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
- B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/40—Nitrogen compounds
- B01D2257/404—Nitrogen oxides other than dinitrogen oxide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
- B01D2257/502—Carbon monoxide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
- B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
- B01D2257/702—Hydrocarbons
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/16—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being an electric heater, i.e. a resistance heater
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/18—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being an adsorber or absorber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2250/00—Combinations of different methods of purification
- F01N2250/12—Combinations of different methods of purification absorption or adsorption, and catalytic conversion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2550/00—Monitoring or diagnosing the deterioration of exhaust systems
- F01N2550/22—Monitoring or diagnosing the deterioration of exhaust systems of electric heaters for exhaust systems or their power supply
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
- F01N2560/06—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being a temperature sensor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/10—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the vehicle or its components
- F01N2900/104—Battery status
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/14—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust gas
- F01N2900/1404—Exhaust gas temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/16—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust apparatus, e.g. particulate filter or catalyst
- F01N2900/1602—Temperature of exhaust gas apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/16—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust apparatus, e.g. particulate filter or catalyst
- F01N2900/1621—Catalyst conversion efficiency
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
- F01N3/0835—Hydrocarbons
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
- F01N3/0842—Nitrogen oxides
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
- F01N3/0857—Carbon oxides
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- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Description
吸着材及び触媒を所望の温度まで上昇させることができない場合もある。仮に、吸着材における排気成分の吸着効率が低い温度や、触媒における排気成分の浄化効率が低い温度で電気ヒータによる加熱が止まってしまうと、システム全体としての排気の浄化率が低下する虞がある。
材よりも上流の排気通路に設けられていてもよく、吸着材及び触媒の担体として排気通路に設けられていてもよい。触媒の温度が活性温度の下限値よりも低い場合には、触媒における所定成分の浄化性能は十分ではない。そのため、バッテリのSOCが第一所定値よりも小さいときには、例え発熱体に電力を供給して触媒を加熱したとしても、触媒における浄化性能を十分に高めることはできない。一方、吸着材が内燃機関の始動時に要求される吸着性能を発揮する温度の範囲は、触媒が活性する温度の範囲よりも低い。したがって、SOCが小さいために触媒を活性させるまで触媒を加熱することができない場合であっても、吸着材に要求される吸着性能を発揮する温度までなら吸着材を加熱することができる場合もある。しかし、バッテリの残容量が第二所定値以上である場合に、その残容量分の電力量を発熱体に供給してしまうと、触媒の温度は活性温度に達せず、且つ、吸着材の温度は要求される吸着性能を発揮する範囲を超えてしまう。このような状態では、吸着材における所定成分の吸着が十分でなく、且つ、触媒における所定成分の浄化も十分でない状態になる。このような状態で内燃機関が始動されると、内燃機関の始動時にはより多くの所定成分が内燃機関から排出されることがあるために、所定成分の濃度が高い排気が触媒に流入してしまい、触媒において所定成分を浄化し切れなくなる虞がある。なお、バッテリの残容量は、発熱体に電力を供給するために確保されている残容量としてもよい。すなわち、発熱体以外の機器が必要とする電力は別途確保されているものとしてもよい。
図1は、本実施例に係る内燃機関の排気浄化装置の概略構成を示す図である。内燃機関1はハイブリッド車両100に搭載されている。なお、内燃機関1は、ガソリン機関、ディーゼル機関の何れであってもよい。また、ハイブリッド車両100には、電動モータ2が搭載されている。本実施例に係るハイブリッド車両100は、内燃機関1または電動モータ2により駆動することができる。また、電動モータ2には発電機能が備わっており、内燃機関1を動力源として電動モータ2により発電することができる。電動モータ2には、電気配線を介してバッテリ20が接続されている。なお、本実施例に係る内燃機関の排気浄化装置は、ハイブリッド車両100に搭載しているが、これに限らず、電動モータ2を備えていない車両に搭載することもできる。
車両100の走行に必要な電力等、電気ヒータ4以外の機器が必要とする電力は確保されているものとする。
内燃機関1から排出されるNOxを触媒6において十分に浄化可能となる。
までの熱容量と、から算出する電力量に、発熱効率に応じた補正係数を乗算することによって、第二所定SOCを算出する。
ステップS103では、触媒6の温度が第一温度まで上昇するように目標電力量が決定される。このときの目標電力量は、第一所定SOCに対応する電力量である。
2 電動モータ
3 排気通路
4 電気ヒータ
5 吸着材
6 触媒
11 アクセルペダル
12 アクセル開度センサ
13 クランクポジションセンサ
14 温度センサ
20 バッテリ
21 電圧制御装置
100 ハイブリッド車両
Claims (5)
- 内燃機関の排気通路に設けられ内燃機関の排気中に含まれる所定成分を吸着する吸着材と、
前記吸着材よりも下流の前記排気通路に設けられ前記所定成分を浄化する触媒と、
前記排気通路に設けられ電力の供給を受けることにより発熱して前記吸着材及び前記触媒を加熱する発熱体と、
前記発熱体に電力を供給するバッテリと、
前記触媒の温度を前記触媒が活性する温度の範囲の下限値まで上昇させるのに要する第一所定値よりも前記バッテリの残容量が小さく、且つ、前記第一所定値よりも小さな第二所定値であって、前記吸着材が前記内燃機関の始動時に要求される吸着性能を発揮する温度の範囲内の所定温度まで前記吸着材の温度を上昇させるのに要する第二所定値よりも前記バッテリの残容量が大きい場合には、前記吸着材の温度が前記所定温度となるように、前記バッテリから前記発熱体へ供給する電力量を調整する制御装置と、
を備える内燃機関の排気浄化装置。 - 前記制御装置は、前記バッテリの残容量が前記第一所定値よりも大きい場合には、前記触媒の温度が、前記触媒が活性する温度の範囲内となるように、前記バッテリから前記発熱体へ供給する電力量を調整する請求項1に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
- 前記制御装置は、前記バッテリの残容量が前記第二所定値よりも小さい場合には、その残容量に応じた電力量を前記バッテリから前記発熱体へ供給する請求項1に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
- 前記制御装置は、前記第一所定値を前記触媒の劣化の度合いに応じて補正する請求項1または2に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
- 前記制御装置は、前記第二所定値を前記吸着材の劣化の度合いに応じて補正する請求項1または3に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
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JP2017242062A JP6729540B2 (ja) | 2017-12-18 | 2017-12-18 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
CN201811356785.0A CN109931127B (zh) | 2017-12-18 | 2018-11-15 | 内燃机的排气净化装置 |
US16/210,008 US10677125B2 (en) | 2017-12-18 | 2018-12-05 | Exhaust gas purification apparatus for internal combustion engine |
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US10557428B2 (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2020-02-11 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Method and system for predictive contol of an electrially heated aftertreatment system |
JP7276060B2 (ja) * | 2019-10-09 | 2023-05-18 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Co2回収装置を制御する制御装置 |
DE102021128059A1 (de) | 2021-10-28 | 2023-05-04 | Audi Aktiengesellschaft | Betriebsverfahren für hybrides Antriebssystem und Steuergerät |
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JP2914061B2 (ja) * | 1992-12-07 | 1999-06-28 | 日産自動車株式会社 | ハイブリッド自動車 |
JP3834832B2 (ja) * | 1995-03-30 | 2006-10-18 | マツダ株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
DE19800654A1 (de) * | 1998-01-09 | 1999-07-15 | Emitec Emissionstechnologie | Beheizbare Katalysatoranordnung mit vorgeschalteter Wasserfalle |
JP3573206B2 (ja) * | 2002-03-12 | 2004-10-06 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 車両制御装置 |
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JP2012207630A (ja) | 2011-03-30 | 2012-10-25 | Toyota Motor Corp | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
CN103917753B (zh) * | 2011-11-25 | 2017-02-15 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | 电加热式催化剂的控制装置及电加热式催化剂的电极的劣化程度推定装置 |
JP5622055B2 (ja) * | 2012-07-02 | 2014-11-12 | 株式会社デンソー | ハイブリッド車の制御装置 |
CN104234797B (zh) * | 2013-06-19 | 2016-11-16 | 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 | 用于优化插电式混合动力汽车排放的催化器加热控制方法 |
JP6131821B2 (ja) * | 2013-10-22 | 2017-05-24 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
JP6569652B2 (ja) * | 2016-12-08 | 2019-09-04 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
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