JP6728374B2 - 積層体、その製造方法および電子部品の製造方法 - Google Patents
積層体、その製造方法および電子部品の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6728374B2 JP6728374B2 JP2018540257A JP2018540257A JP6728374B2 JP 6728374 B2 JP6728374 B2 JP 6728374B2 JP 2018540257 A JP2018540257 A JP 2018540257A JP 2018540257 A JP2018540257 A JP 2018540257A JP 6728374 B2 JP6728374 B2 JP 6728374B2
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Description
[1] 少なくとも1種類の基材上に、硬化反応性のシリコーンゲル層を備えた積層体。
[2] 硬化反応により得られるシリコーンゲル層の硬化物の貯蔵弾性率G’curedが、硬化前のシリコーンゲル層の貯蔵弾性率G’gelに比べて100%以上上昇することを特徴とする、[1]の積層体。
[3] シリコーンゲル層の損失係数tanδが、23℃〜100℃において、0.01〜1.00の範囲にあることを特徴とする、[1]または[2]の積層体。
[4] シリコーンゲル層が、加熱、高エネルギー線の照射またはこれらの組み合わせに対して硬化反応性である、[1]〜[3]のいずれか1項の積層体。
[5] シリコーンゲル層が、ヒドロシリル化反応触媒、有機過酸化物および光重合開始剤から選ばれる1種類以上の硬化剤を含有する、[1]〜[4]のいずれか1項の積層体。
[5−1]硬化剤がカプセル化されていることを特徴とする、[5]の積層体。
[6] シリコーンゲル層が、少なくとも樹脂状または分岐鎖状の硬化反応性オルガノポリシロキサンを含有する硬化性シリコーン組成物をゲル状に硬化させてなる、[1]〜[5]のいずれか1項の積層体。
[7] シリコーンゲル層が、上記の硬化性シリコーン組成物を室温〜100℃の温度範囲においてゲル状に硬化させてなることを特徴とする、[6]の積層体。
[8] シリコーンゲル層の平均厚みが10〜500μmの範囲にある、[1]〜[7]のいずれか1項の積層体。
[9] 基材が剥離層を備えたシート状基材(基材R)であり、当該剥離層上にシリコーンゲル層が形成されていることを特徴とする、[1]の積層体。
[10] [1]〜[8]のいずれか1項の積層体であって、さらに、少なくとも1個以上の電子部品がシリコーンゲル層上に配置されていることを特徴とするもの。
[11] [10]の積層体上のシリコーンゲル層を硬化させてなり、基材、硬化層および硬化層上に少なくとも1個以上の電子部品が配置された構成を有する積層体。
[12] 少なくとも1種の基材上に、一次硬化反応によりシリコーンゲル層を形成可能な硬化性シリコーン組成物を塗布する工程(A−1)、
および、基材上で当該硬化性シリコーン組成物をゲル状に一次硬化させることにより、硬化反応性シリコーンゲル層を形成する工程(A−2)
を有する、[1]〜[8]のいずれか1項の積層体の製造方法。
[13] 剥離層を備えたシート状基材(基材R)の剥離層上に、一次硬化反応によりシリコーンゲル層を形成可能な硬化性シリコーン組成物を塗布する工程(B−1)、
剥離層上で当該硬化性シリコーン組成物をゲル状に一次硬化させることにより、硬化反応性シリコーンゲル層を形成する工程(B−2)、および
前記工程で得た積層体のシリコーンゲル層を、上記の基材Rとは異なる、少なくとも1種類の基材上に配置し、基材Rのみを除去する工程
を有する、[1]〜[8]のいずれか1項の積層体の製造方法。
[14] [1]〜[8]のいずれか1項の積層体のシリコーンゲル層上に少なくとも1個以上の電子部品を配置する工程(I)、および
シリコーンゲル層の一部または全部を硬化させる工程(II)
を有する、電子部品の製造方法。
[15] さらに、上記工程によりシリコーンゲル層の一部または全部を硬化させて得た硬化物上から、電子部品を分離する工程(III)
を有する、[14]の電子部品の製造方法。
本積層体は硬化反応性のシリコーンゲル層を備えることを特徴とする。当該、シリコーンゲル層は非流動性のゲル状を呈し、加熱、高エネルギー線の照射等に応答して硬化反応を起こし、硬化反応前よりも保型性が高く、離型性に優れたハードな硬化層に変化する。シリコーンゲル層は、層状であれば、とくにその形状は限定されないが、後述する電子部品の製造用途に用いる場合、実質的に平坦なシリコーンゲル層であることが好ましい。シリコーンゲル層の厚みについても特に限定されるものではないが、平均厚みが10〜500μmの範囲、25〜300μmの範囲または30〜200μmの範囲であってよい。平均厚みが10μm未満では基材上の凹凸に由来する間隙(ギャップ)が埋まりにくく、500μmを超えると、特に電子部品製造用途において、電子部品の仮留/加工時の配置目的でシリコーンゲル層を使用する場合には、不経済となることがある。
(i)120〜200℃でのシリコーンゲル層の加熱操作:ヒドロシリル化反応硬化型、過酸化物硬化反応型、またはそれらの組み合わせ
(ii)シリコーンゲル層への紫外線の照射操作:高エネルギー線照射によるラジカル反応硬化型、光活性型白金錯体硬化触媒を用いたヒドロシリル化反応硬化型、またはそれらの組み合わせ
(iii)上記の(i)および(ii)の硬化操作、硬化機構および条件の組み合わせ、特に同時または時差をおいての硬化操作の組み合わせを含む。
シリコーンゲル層を積層する基材は凹凸があってよく、シリコーンゲル層により当該凹凸が隙間なく充填乃至追従され、平坦なシリコーンゲル層を形成していることが特に好ましい。本発明の硬化反応性シリコーンゲル層は柔軟で変形性、追従性に優れるため、凹凸のある基材に対しても間隙を生じにくく、乖離やシリコーンゲル表面の変形などの問題を生じにくいという利点がる。
本発明の積層体は、さらに、少なくとも1個以上の電子部品がシリコーンゲル層上に配置されていることを特徴とするものであってよい。電子部品は、シリコーンゲル層上に配置可能であれば、特にその種類は制限されるものではないが、半導体チップの素体となる半導体ウェハ、セラミックス素子(セラミックコンデンサ含む)、半導体チップおよび発光半導体チップが例示され、同一または異なる2個以上の電子部品をシリコーンゲル層上に配置したものであってもよい。本発明の積層体における硬化反応性シリコーンゲル層は、ゲル状であり、かつ、硬化条件を選択可能なので、ある程度高温となる温度領域で取り扱った場合であっても、硬化反応が殆ど進行せず、適度に柔軟かつ追従性・変形性に優れるため、安定かつ平坦な電子部品の配置面を形成することができ、さらに、当該シリコーンゲル層が電子部品の製造工程における振動や衝撃を緩和するため、ゲル層上に配置した電子部品を平坦なゲル表面上の定位置に安定的に保持し、電子部品に対して各種パターン形成等の処理およびダイシング等の加工処理を行った場合であっても、基材の表面凹凸や電子部品の位置ずれ、振動変位(ダンピング)に伴う電子部品の加工不良が発生しにくいという利点を有する。なお、ゲル上における電子部品等の保持は、ゲルの粘弾性に由来するものであり、ゲル自体の弱い粘着力によるものと、ゲルの変形による電子部品の担持の両方を含む。
本発明の積層体は、基材上にシリコーンゲル層を形成してなるものであり、所望により、シリコーンゲル層の原料組成物である硬化性シリコーン組成物を目的となる基材上に塗布してゲル状に硬化させることで製造可能である。同様に、上記の剥離層を備えたシート状基材(基材R)を用いる場合には、剥離層からシリコーンゲル層を分離し、他の基材上に転写することによっても製造可能である。
および、基材上で当該硬化性シリコーン組成物をゲル状に一次硬化させることにより、硬化反応性シリコーンゲル層を形成する工程(A−2)を有する製造方法により得ることができる。なお、ここで、基材は、前記の剥離層を備えたシート状基材(基材R)であってよく、その場合、得られる積層体は、硬化反応性シリコーンゲル層を部材として、他の基材上に転写するための剥離性積層体である。
剥離層上で当該硬化性シリコーン組成物をゲル状に一次硬化させることにより、硬化反応性シリコーンゲル層を形成する工程(B−2)、および
前記工程で得た積層体のシリコーンゲル層を、上記の基材Rとは異なる、少なくとも1種類の基材上に配置し、基材Rのみを除去する工程を含む製造方法によっても得ることができる。なお、この場合、積層体のシリコーンゲル層であって、上記の基材Rとは異なる、少なくとも1種類の基材に対向する面には、その密着性及び接着性を改善する目的で、基材と対向するシリコーンゲル面に、プライマー処理、コロナ処理、エッチング処理、プラズマ処理等の表面処理がなされていてもよく、かつ好ましい。当該密着性の改善により、基材Rを容易に分離できる利点がある。
硬化反応性のシリコーンゲル層は実質的に平坦であることが好ましいが、その原料となる硬化性シリコーン組成物を、通常の方法で剥離層を有する基材上に塗布すると、特に硬化後のシリコーンゲル層の厚みが50μm以上となる場合には、その塗布面が凹んだ不均一な表面を形成して、得られるシリコーンゲル層表面が不均一となる場合がある。しかしながら、当該硬化性シリコーン組成物およびシリコーンゲル層に対して剥離層を有する基材を適用し、未硬化の塗布面を各々の剥離層を備えたシート状基材(上記の基材R;セパレータ)で挟み込み、物理的に均一化された平坦化層を形成することで、平坦化された硬化反応性のシリコーンゲル層を得ることができる。なお、上記の平坦化層の形成にあたっては、剥離層を有するセパレータ間に未硬化の硬化性シリコーン組成物が塗布されてなる積層体を、ロール圧延等の公知の圧延方法を用いて圧延加工することが好ましい。
本発明の積層体を構成する硬化反応性シリコーンゲル層は、硬化性シリコーン組成物をゲル状に一次硬化させてなるものである。上記のとおり、シリコーンゲル層を形成するための一次硬化反応は、シリコーンゲル自体の二次硬化反応と異なる硬化反応機構であってもよく、同一の硬化反応機構であってもよい。一方、100℃以下でのシリコーンゲル層の安定性の見地から、硬化性シリコーン組成物を室温〜100℃の温度範囲においてゲル状に硬化させることが好ましい。
上式中、R1は同じかまたは異なる、脂肪族不飽和結合を有さない一価炭化水素基であり、メチル基またはフェニル基が好ましい。R2はアルキル基であり、脱アルコール縮合反応性のアルコキシ基を構成するため、メチル基、エチル基またはプロピル基であることが好ましい。R3はケイ素原子に結合するアルキレン基であり、炭素原子数2〜8のアルキレン基が好ましい。aは0〜2の整数であり、pは1〜50の整数である。脱アルコール縮合反応性の見地から、最も好適には、aは0であり、トリアルコキシシリル基含有基であることが好ましい。なお、上記のアルコキシシリル基含有基に加えて、ヒドロシリル化反応性の官能基または光重合反応性の官能基を同一分子内に有してもよい。
本発明に係るシリコーンゲル層は、硬化性シリコーン組成物をヒドロシリル化反応硬化型、脱水縮合反応硬化型、脱アルコール縮合反応硬化型または高エネルギー線照射によるラジカル反応硬化型の硬化機構によりゲル状に硬化されていることが好ましい。特に、100℃以下の低温下でヒドロシリル化反応硬化型または室温下での高エネルギー線照射によるラジカル反応硬化型または高エネルギー線照射によるヒドロシリル化反応硬化型が好適である。
上記のとおり、本発明の積層体は電子部品の製造に有用であり、基材上にシリコーンゲル層を形成して、安定かつ平坦で、応力緩和性に優れた電子部品の配置面を形成することにより、電子部品の製造時における基材の表面凹凸や電子部品の位置ずれ、振動変位(ダンピング)に伴う電子部品の加工不良が発生しにくいという利益を実現しうる。また、シリコーンゲル層を硬化させることにより、電子部品を当該硬化物から容易に剥離することができ、かつ、シリコーンゲル等の残留物(糊残り)に由来する不良品が発生しにくいという利点を有する。
本発明の積層体のシリコーンゲル層上に少なくとも1個以上の電子部品を配置する工程(I)、シリコーンゲル層の一部または全部を硬化させる工程(II)、および任意で、
上記工程によりシリコーンゲル層の一部または全部を硬化させて得た硬化物上から、電子部品を分離する工程(III)を有するものである。
・成分(A1−2):両末端ビニルジメチルシロキシ基封鎖、ジメチルシロキサンポリマー(シロキサン重合度:約315,ビニル基の含有量:0.22重量%)
・成分(A1−3):両末端トリメチルシロキシ基封鎖、ジメチルシロキサン−ビニルメチルシロキサンコポリマー (シロキサン重合度:約1330,ビニル基の含有量: 約0.47重量%)
・成分(A2):トリメチルシロキシ単位(M単位)、ビニルジメチルシロキシ単位(MVi単位)、およびQ単位からなる樹脂状オルガノポリシロキサン (ビニル基の含有量: 約4.1重量%)
・成分(B1):両末端ハイドロジェンジメチルシロキシ基封鎖ジメチルシロキサンポリマー(シロキサン重合度:約14,ケイ素結合水素基の含有量: 0.13重量%)
・成分(B2):両末端トリメチルシロキシ基封鎖ジメチルシロキサン−メルカプトプロピルメチルシロキサンコポリマー(シロキサン重合度:約60,硫黄結合水素基の含有量:: 0.11重量%)。
・成分(B3):両末端トリメチルシロキシ基封鎖ジメチルシロキサン−ハイドロジェンメチルシロキサンコポリマー(シロキサン重合度:約8,ケイ素結合水素基の含有量:: 0.76重量%)。
<ヒドロシリル化反応抑制剤>
・成分(C1):1,3,5,7−テトラメチル−1,3,5,7−テトラビニル−シクロテトラシロキサン(ビニル基の含有量:30.2重量%)。
<フィラー>
・成分(D1):ヘキサメチルジシラザン処理シリカ微粒子(日本アエロジル製、商品名「アエロジル200V」)
<硬化剤>
・成分(E1):白金−ジビニルテトラメチルジシロキサン錯体のビニルシロキサン溶液(白金金属濃度で約0.6重量%)
・成分(E2):2-ヒドロキシ-2-メチル-1-フェニル-プロパン-1-オン
・成分(E3):2,5−ジメチル−2,5−ジ(t−ブチルパーオキシ)ヘキサン−両末端トリメチルシロキシ基封鎖シロキサンポリマー混合物(2,5−ジメチル−2,5−ジ(t−ブチルパーオキシ)ヘキサン濃度で約50重量%)
<脱アルコール縮合型硬化反応性シリコーン組成物>
SE9120(東レ・ダウコーニング社製)
*アルコキシシリル基含有オルガノポリシロキサンを主剤とし、縮合反応触媒を含有する縮合硬化性シリコーン組成物
以下の実施例1−7では、表1に記載の通り、成分(A1−1)、(A1−2)、(A2)、(B1)、(C1)、(D1)、(E1)および(E3)を用いた。その際、ビニル基1モル当たり、成分(B1)のケイ素原子結合水素原子(Si−H)が0.25〜0.50モルとなる量とした。
実施例8−9では、表2に記載の通り、成分(A1−2)、(A1−3)、(B1)、(D1)、(E2)および(E3)を用いた。その際、ビニル基1モル当たり、成分(B2)の硫黄原子結合水素原子(S−H)が0.25モルとなる量で用いた。
実施例10−12では、表3に記載の通り、(A1−2)、(A1−3)、(B3)、(C1)、(D1)、(E1)を用いた。その際、ビニル基1モル当たり、成分(B3)のケイ素原子結合水素原子(Si−H)が1.2モルとなる量とした。得られた硬化前液状シリコーン組成物に、脱アルコール縮合型硬化反応性の硬化性シリコーン組成物(湿気硬化型)SE9120(東レ・ダウコーニング社製)を表に記載の重量比(40:60、30:70および20:80)で混合して用いた。
比較例1−4では、表4に記載の通り、組成物中のビニル基1モル当たり、成分(B1)のケイ素原子結合水素原子(Si−H)が表に記載の範囲となる量(0.2〜0.25モル)で用いた以外は実施例1−7と同様の成分を使用した。当該組成では、表4に示したとおり、同一条件で硬化してもゲル状に硬化せず、硬化反応性のシリコーンゲル層を形成することができない。
表4に記載の通り、比較例5では(E2)を、比較例6では(E3)のみを硬化剤として使用した以外は実施例8−9と同様の成分を使用した。比較例7では(E1)のみを硬化剤として用いた以外は実施例1−7と同様の成分を使用した。当該組成では、表4に示したとおり、同一条件で硬化してもシリコーンゲル層が二次硬化性を有しない。
(1)実施例1−7、比較例1−4および7
硬化前(液状)シリコーン組成物を80℃で2時間かけて加熱することにより、ヒドロシリル化反応を進行させてゲル状物を得た。
(2)実施例8−9および比較例5−6
硬化前液状組成物を室温にて、UV照射装置(MODEL UAW365-654-3030F、株式会社センテック)を用いて行った。その際、波長は365nmの光源(約40mW/cm2)を使用し、90秒間、2回照射することで行った(単位面積当たりの照射量は7200mJ/cm2)。その際、高エネルギー線硬化性シリコーン組成物と空気との接触を避けるため、剥離剤をコートした厚さ50ミクロンのPETフィルムを被せて紫外線の照射を行った。なお、比較例6については、成分(E2)がないためゲル層を作製できなかった。
(3)実施例10−12
硬化前液状組成物を室温にて、1時間放置することによりゲル状物を得た。
(1)実施例1−9および比較例1−4および7
硬化性ゲル層を窒素中170℃で1時間かけて二次硬化させることで行った。
(2)実施例10−12
硬化性ゲル層を150℃で30分かけて二次硬化させることで行った。
1.硬化反応性シリコーンゲルの圧縮変形量測定
実施例1−7の硬化前液状組成物をガラス製シャーレー(直径70mm)に、15g投入し、上記条件で作製したものを使用した。テクスチャーアナライザー TA.XT Plus(英弘精機株式会社製)を用いて室温で測定を行った。平坦プローブ(6mm直径)を毎秒0.17mmの速度で降下させて、最大圧縮力0.5Nに達成後の硬化性ゲルの圧縮変形量を測定した。
2.タックの測定
硬化反応性シリコーンゲル
(1)実施例1−7において、圧縮変形量の測定後、平坦プローブを硬化性ゲルの初期の厚み以上の高さまで毎秒0.34mmの速度で上昇させて、荷重の最大値をタックとして測定した。測定値はマイナス値で得られるため、表中にはその絶対値を示した。この値が高いほどタックがあることを意味する、
(2)実施例10−12において、スペーサーを使用してガラス板上に硬化前液状シリコーン組成物を厚み360μmとなるように塗布し、上記条件で作製したものを使用した。手で触れてタックの有無を判定した。
二次硬化物
実施例10−12において、作製した硬化性ゲルを上記条件で硬化させることで二次硬化物を得た。得られた二次硬化物に手で触れてタックの有無を判定した。
3.粘弾性の測定
硬化反応性シリコーンゲル
アルミニウム製容器(直径50mm)に、硬化前液状シリコーン組成物を厚さ約1.5mmとなるように投入し、上記条件にて得られた硬化反応性シリコーンゲルから直径8mmとなるように試験体を切り出し使用した。MCR302粘弾性測定装置(Anton Paar社製)を用い、直径8mmのパラレルプレートに切り出したサンプルを貼り付け測定を行った。23℃にて、周波数0.01〜10Hzの範囲で、ひずみ0.5%の条件で行った。各表に0.1Hzでの貯蔵弾性率と損失正接(損失弾性率/貯蔵弾性率)を示す。
二次硬化物
上記同様、アルミニウム製容器を用い、硬化反応性シリコーンゲルを作製した。さらに上記作製条件にて硬化させることで二次硬化物が得られた。得られた二次硬化物から直径8mmとなるように試験体を切り出し使用した。MCR302(アントンパール社製)を用い、直径8mmのパラレルプレートに切り出したサンプルを貼り付け測定を行った。23℃にて、周波数0.01〜10Hzまで、ひずみ0.1%の条件で行った。各表に0.1Hzでの貯蔵弾性率を示す。
Claims (14)
- 少なくとも1種類の基材上に、硬化反応性のシリコーンゲル層を備えた積層体であって、
前記シリコーンゲル層が補強性フィラーを含み、
硬化反応により得られるシリコーンゲル層の硬化物の貯蔵弾性率G’curedが、硬化前のシリコーンゲル層の貯蔵弾性率G’gelに比べて100%以上上昇し、かつ、
シリコーンゲル層の損失係数tanδが、23℃〜100℃において、0.01〜1.00の範囲にあることを特徴とする、積層体。 - 前記補強性フィラーが、ヒュームドシリカ微粉末、沈降性シリカ微粉末、焼成シリカ微粉末、及びそれらを処理剤によって表面処理したものからなる群から選択される補強性フィラーである、請求項1に記載の積層体。
- シリコーンゲル層が、加熱、高エネルギー線の照射またはこれらの組み合わせに対して硬化反応性である、請求項1又は2に記載の積層体。
- シリコーンゲル層が、ヒドロシリル化反応触媒、有機過酸化物および光重合開始剤から選ばれる1種類以上の硬化剤を含有する、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の積層体。
- シリコーンゲル層が、少なくとも樹脂状または分岐鎖状の硬化反応性オルガノポリシロキサンを含有する硬化性シリコーン組成物をゲル状に硬化させてなる、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の積層体。
- シリコーンゲル層が、上記の硬化性シリコーン組成物を室温〜100℃の温度範囲においてゲル状に硬化させてなることを特徴とする、請求項5に記載の積層体。
- シリコーンゲル層の平均厚みが10〜500μmの範囲にある、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の積層体。
- 基材が剥離層を備えたシート状基材(基材R)であり、当該剥離層上にシリコーンゲル層が形成されていることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の積層体。
- 請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の積層体であって、さらに、少なくとも1個以上の電子部品がシリコーンゲル層上に配置されていることを特徴とする積層体。
- 請求項9に記載の積層体上のシリコーンゲル層を硬化させてなり、基材、硬化層および硬化層上に少なくとも1個以上の電子部品が配置された構成を有する積層体。
- 少なくとも1種の基材上に、一次硬化反応によりシリコーンゲル層を形成可能な硬化性シリコーン組成物を塗布する工程(A−1)、
および、基材上で当該硬化性シリコーン組成物をゲル状に一次硬化させることにより、硬化反応性シリコーンゲル層を形成する工程(A−2)
を有する、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の積層体の製造方法。 - 剥離層を備えたシート状基材(基材R)の剥離層上に、一次硬化反応によりシリコーンゲル層を形成可能な硬化性シリコーン組成物を塗布する工程(B−1)、
剥離層上で当該硬化性シリコーン組成物をゲル状に一次硬化させることにより、硬化反応性シリコーンゲル層を形成する工程(B−2)、および
前記工程で得た積層体のシリコーンゲル層を、上記の基材Rとは異なる、少なくとも1種類の基材上に配置し、基材Rのみを除去する工程
を有する、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の積層体の製造方法。 - 請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の積層体のシリコーンゲル層上に少なくとも1個以上の電子部品を配置する工程(I)、および
シリコーンゲル層の一部または全部を硬化させる工程(II)
を有する、電子部品の製造方法。 - さらに、上記工程によりシリコーンゲル層の一部または全部を硬化させて得た硬化物上から、電子部品を分離する工程(III)
を有する、請求項13に記載の電子部品の製造方法。
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