JP6727172B2 - クラッド光除去器および製造方法 - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
- H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
- H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
- H01S3/094003—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light the pumped medium being a fibre
- H01S3/094007—Cladding pumping, i.e. pump light propagating in a clad surrounding the active core
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/06708—Constructional details of the fibre, e.g. compositions, cross-section, shape or tapering
- H01S3/06729—Peculiar transverse fibre profile
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/06708—Constructional details of the fibre, e.g. compositions, cross-section, shape or tapering
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/062—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by direct control of the laser beam
- B23K26/0622—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by direct control of the laser beam by shaping pulses
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/062—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by direct control of the laser beam
- B23K26/0626—Energy control of the laser beam
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
- B29D11/00663—Production of light guides
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02057—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating comprising gratings
- G02B6/02066—Gratings having a surface relief structure, e.g. repetitive variation in diameter of core or cladding
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
- G02B6/02314—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes
- G02B6/02342—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes characterised by cladding features, i.e. light confining region
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/14—Mode converters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/2804—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers
- G02B6/2852—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using tapping light guides arranged sidewardly, e.g. in a non-parallel relationship with respect to the bus light guides (light extraction or launching through cladding, with or without surface discontinuities, bent structures)
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/06708—Constructional details of the fibre, e.g. compositions, cross-section, shape or tapering
- H01S3/06729—Peculiar transverse fibre profile
- H01S3/06733—Fibre having more than one cladding
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
- H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
- H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
- H01S3/0941—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light of a laser diode
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/264—Optical coupling means with optical elements between opposed fibre ends which perform a function other than beam splitting
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Lasers (AREA)
- Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
- Light Guides In General And Applications Therefor (AREA)
- Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)
Description
能なクラッド光除去器を提供することである。
信号光を案内するためのコアと、コアを囲む内部クラッドと、内部クラッドを囲む外部クラッドとを有する二重クラッド光ファイバを備え、
光ファイバは、外部クラッドが取り除かれて、内部クラッドの外部表面の露出部分を形成する剥離部分を含み、露出部分は、ファイバに沿って配置される複数の横方向ノッチを含み、光がノッチに当たると内部クラッドから漏れることを可能にし、複数のノッチの各々は、ファイバ・コアまでの距離の一部分だけの深さを有する。
a)外部クラッドの一部を除去して、内部クラッドの露出部分を残すステップと、
b)内部クラッドに横方向ノッチを形成するために、レーザ・ビームを露出部分の内部クラッドの外部表面上に集束させて、内部クラッドを局所的に蒸発させ、取り除くステッ
プと、
c)露出部分に沿って異なる場所でステップb)を複数回繰り返すステップと、を含む。
20A、20B クラッド・モード除去器
21 二重クラッド光ファイバ
22 コア
23 信号光
24 内部クラッド
25 外部クラッド
26 剥離部分
27 露出部分
28 外部表面
29 横方向ノッチ
30A、30B クラッド光部分
31 側面
33 ポンプ光
34 ヒートシンク
35 空洞
36 吸収部分
37 反射部分
38 外部ヒートシンク
39 溝
150 光ファイバ増幅器
151 第1の端部
152 第2の端部
153 ポンプ・ダイオード
154 ポンプ光
155 レンズ
156 ダイクロイック・ミラー
157 入力光信号
158 出力光信号
159 増幅器二重クラッド光ファイバ部
160 ファイバ・レーザ
161 発振器
162 コア
170 製造システム
171 CO2レーザ
172 ビーム・デリバリ・システム
173 デリバリ・ファイバ
174 処理ヘッド
175 並進/回転ステージ
176 コンピュータ
177 レーザ・ビーム
178 焦点スポット
Claims (19)
- 信号光を案内するためのコアと、前記コアを囲むクラッドとを有する光ファイバを備え、
前記光ファイバは、前記クラッドの表面の露出部分を形成する剥離部分を含み、
前記露出部分は、前記光ファイバに沿って配置される複数のノッチを含み、
前記複数のノッチは、前記露出部分の長さに沿って変化するピッチを有し、
前記複数のノッチのうちの1番目のノッチの深さは、前記複数のノッチのうちの2番目のノッチの深さと異なる、クラッド光除去器。 - クラッド光が、
前記複数のノッチの各ノッチの側面で反射するか、又は、
前記複数のノッチの各ノッチの側面で屈折するか、
の少なくともいずれか一つである、請求項1に記載のクラッド光除去器。 - 前記ピッチは、前記露出部分の長さに沿って徐々に変化する、請求項1に記載のクラッド光除去器。
- 前記ピッチは、1ノッチ/cmと1000ノッチ/cmとの間で変化する、請求項1に記載のクラッド光除去器。
- 前記複数のノッチの深さは、徐々に変化する、請求項1に記載のクラッド光除去器。
- 前記複数のノッチは、前記露出部分の長さに沿って、かつ、前記露出部分の外周に、間隔を置いて配置される、請求項1に記載のクラッド光除去器。
- 前記露出部分は、曲げ半径を有する曲線状の部分を備える、請求項1に記載のクラッド光除去器。
- 前記光ファイバは、二重クラッド光ファイバである、請求項1に記載のクラッド光除去器。
- 前記クラッドは、内部クラッドであり、
前記内部クラッドを囲む外部クラッドをさらに備える、請求項1に記載のクラッド光除去器。 - 信号光を案内するためのコアと、前記コアを囲むクラッドとを有する光ファイバと、
第1の端部で前記光ファイバに結合される増幅器光ファイバ部と、
前記増幅器光ファイバ部の反対側の第2の端部に光学的に結合され、前記増幅器光ファイバ部の前記第2の端部から前記第1の端部までポンプ光を供給して伝搬させるためのポンプ・ダイオードと、を備え、
前記光ファイバは、前記クラッドの表面の露出部分を形成する剥離部分を含み、
前記露出部分は、前記光ファイバに沿って配置される複数のノッチを含み、
前記複数のノッチは、前記露出部分の長さに沿って変化するピッチを有し、
前記複数のノッチのうちの1番目のノッチの深さは、前記複数のノッチのうちの2番目のノッチの深さと異なり、
前記複数のノッチは、クラッド光を除去する、光ファイバ増幅器。 - クラッド光が、
前記複数のノッチの各ノッチの側面で反射するか、又は、
前記複数のノッチの各ノッチの側面で屈折するか、
の少なくともいずれか一つである、請求項10に記載の光ファイバ増幅器。 - 前記ピッチは、前記露出部分の長さに沿って徐々に変化する、請求項10に記載の光ファイバ増幅器。
- 前記ポンプ光は、レンズおよびダイクロイック・ミラーの少なくともいずれかを用いて、前記ポンプ・ダイオードから前記増幅器光ファイバ部へ供給される、請求項10に記載の光ファイバ増幅器。
- 前記複数のノッチの深さが徐々に変化するか、
前記複数のノッチが、前記露出部分の長さに沿って、かつ、前記露出部分の外周に、間隔を置いて配置されるか、または、
前記露出部分が、曲げ半径を有する曲線状の部分を備えるか、
の少なくともいずれか一つである、請求項10に記載の光ファイバ増幅器。 - 光ファイバであって、
信号光を案内するためのコアと、
前記コアを囲むクラッドと、を備え、
前記光ファイバは、前記クラッドの表面の露出部分を形成する剥離部分を含み、
前記露出部分は、前記光ファイバに沿って配置される複数のノッチを含み、
前記複数のノッチは、前記露出部分の長さに沿って変化するピッチを有し、
前記複数のノッチのうちの1番目のノッチの深さは、前記複数のノッチのうちの2番目のノッチの深さと異なり、
前記複数のノッチは、クラッド光を除去する、光ファイバ。 - クラッド光が、
前記複数のノッチの各ノッチの側面で反射するか、又は、
前記複数のノッチの各ノッチの側面で屈折するか、
の少なくともいずれか一つである、請求項15に記載の光ファイバ。 - 前記ピッチは、1ノッチ/cmと1000ノッチ/cmとの間で変化する、請求項15に記載の光ファイバ。
- 前記複数のノッチの深さが徐々に変化するか、
前記複数のノッチが、前記露出部分の長さに沿って、かつ、前記露出部分の外周に、間隔を置いて配置されるか、または、
前記露出部分が、曲げ半径を有する曲線状の部分を備えるか、
の少なくともいずれか一つである、請求項15に記載の光ファイバ。 - 前記複数のノッチの各々の深さが、20マイクロメートルから80マイクロメートルまでの深さである、請求項15に記載の光ファイバ。
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