JP6726907B2 - Method for estimating physical quantity indicating heat transfer - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for objectively evaluating heat transfer from a human body to an object to be evaluated such as a floor material.

As an example of a conventional technique for evaluating the thermal sensation for a test material such as a flooring material, the following patent documents disclose the peak value of the heat flux by an instantaneous contact thermal sensation evaluation device simulating a human body structure. It is described that the momentary contact thermal sensation when a body part comes into contact with a test material is evaluated.

JP, 2016-125963, A

However, in the method described in the patent document, although the value of the heat flux from the evaluation device to the test material is obtained, the value of the heat flux from the human body to the test material when the human body is in contact with the test material is I couldn't get it. On the other hand, the present invention proposes a method of estimating a physical quantity indicating heat transfer to an evaluation object when it is assumed that a human body contacts the evaluation object.

The present invention uses a simulated human body which is formed corresponding to a specific part of the human body and whose inside is thermally controlled so as to maintain a constant temperature, and when the specific part of the human body is in contact with an object to be evaluated. A method for estimating a physical quantity indicating heat transfer to an object to be evaluated, wherein the specific part of the human body is in contact with the test object set to a predetermined temperature in advance and transfers heat to the test object. And a second physical quantity indicating heat transfer to the test object when the simulated human body is in contact with the test object, and the first physical quantity A step of identifying a correlation between a physical quantity and the second physical quantity; and a third step of showing heat transfer to the evaluation object when the simulated human body is in contact with the evaluation object set to a predetermined temperature in advance. And a heat transfer to the evaluation object when it is assumed that a specific part of the human body is in contact with the evaluation object from the third physical quantity based on the step of measuring the physical quantity of Estimating a fourth physical quantity shown.

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the physical quantity which shows the heat transfer to the said evaluation target object can be estimated, assuming that the specific part of a human body was contacting the evaluation target object.

(A) is a flow chart showing the basic steps included in this method, and (b) is a correlation between a physical quantity indicating heat transfer from a human body to a test object and a physical quantity indicating heat transfer from a simulated human body to a test agent. It is a graph which shows. (A) is a flow chart showing steps added to the present method, and (b) is a graph showing a correlation between a physical quantity indicating heat transfer from a human body to a test object and a hot/cold sensory value. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an example of a simulated human body. (A), (b) is a schematic diagram explaining the measurement of the temperature and heat flux in a human body and a simulated human body, respectively. (A), (b) is a graph which shows the correlation of a 1st physical quantity and a 2nd physical quantity, and the correlation of a 1st physical quantity and a hot/cold sensory value, respectively. (A), (b) is a schematic diagram explaining the measurement of the temperature in a human body and a simulated human body. (A), (b) is a graph which shows the correlation of a 1st physical quantity and a 2nd physical quantity, and the correlation of a 1st physical quantity and a hot/cold sensory value, respectively.

This method, which is an example, uses a simulated human body that is formed corresponding to a specific part of the human body (hereinafter simply referred to as the human body) and is thermally controlled so that the inside thereof maintains a constant temperature. It is a method for estimating a physical quantity indicating heat transfer to the object to be evaluated when in contact. The method will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1(a) is a flow chart showing the basic steps included in this method, and FIG. 1(b) shows the physical quantity indicating the heat transfer from the human body to the test object and the heat transfer from the simulated human body 20 to the test agent. It is a graph which shows the correlation with the physical quantity shown. Here, the sole of the human body 10 is assumed.

It should be noted that any of the first to fourth physical quantities described below is some physical quantity indicating heat transfer to the test article 2 or the evaluation object 3, and if the magnitude relationship of the heat transfer quantity is shown as the magnitude relationship of numerical values. Well, multiple definitions are possible. Specific definition examples of the first to fourth physical quantities will be described later. Note that the human body sensor 30 is for measuring the amount of heat transfer from the human body 10 to the test object 2, but the type of the human body sensor 30 and the like also depend on the definitions of the first to fourth physical quantities, and therefore it is general. I can't say that.

The method includes the following steps (1) to (5) as shown in the flow chart F1.
The step (1) is a step of measuring a first physical quantity indicating heat transfer to the test object 2 when the human body 10 is in contact with the test object 2 set in advance to a predetermined temperature (initial temperature). is there. Here, the test article 2 is a sample for data collection, and for example, a wooden floor material, a resin floor material, a metal plate or the like can be appropriately used. The measurement of the first physical quantity may be calculated from the temperature of the human body 10 or the test object 2, the measured value of the heat flux between the human body 10 and the test object 2, and the like.

Step (2) is a step of measuring a second physical quantity indicating heat transfer to the test object 2 when the simulated human body 20 is in contact with the test object 2. The test article 2 may be the same as in the case (1), and the set temperature thereof may be the same as in the case (1).

Step (3) is a step of identifying the correlation between the measured value of the first physical quantity obtained in step (1) and the second physical quantity obtained in step (2). Briefly, the simulated human body 20 is arranged such that a skin material is placed on the surface of the internal material, and heat is controlled so as to keep the inside at a constant temperature by a heating element such as a heater. That is, it can be said that the simulated human body 20 has a structure similar to that of the human body 10 (a constant temperature animal) that keeps the body temperature constant. Therefore, for example, the temperature change of the skin when the human body 10 is in contact with the test object 2 or the like (an example of the physical quantity) is similar to the temperature change of the simulated skin material when the simulated human body 20 is in contact with the test object 2. It is considered to show a tendency. Based on such consideration, in step (3), the correlation and functional relationship between the first physical quantity and the second physical quantity are specified from the measured value of the first physical quantity and the measured value of the second physical quantity. The correlation specified here is, for example, a function (for example, a linear function) shown in the graph G1. A good correlation can be obtained by collecting data from a plurality of test products 2 such as test products 2 of different types, and test product 2 covered with socks.

Step (4) is a step of measuring a third physical quantity indicating heat transfer to the evaluation object 3 when the simulated human body 20 is in contact with the evaluation object 3 set to a predetermined temperature in advance. The evaluation object 3 is, for example, a newly developed floor material. The set temperature of the evaluation object 3 may not be the same as the set temperature of the test object 2 in steps (1) and (2).

The step (5) is a heat transfer from the third physical quantity to the evaluation object 3 when it is assumed that the human body 10 is in contact with the evaluation object 3 based on the correlation identified in the step (3). Is a step of estimating a fourth physical quantity indicating Specifically, the corresponding fourth physical quantity is estimated by applying the correlation specified in step (3) to the measured value of the third physical quantity. That is, using the graph G1, for example, the fourth physical quantity B with respect to the third physical quantity A can be known.

As described above, in the present method, the correlation between the first physical quantity and the second physical quantity is specified in advance, so that the human body can be simply measured using the simulated human body 20 for the evaluation object 3. The heat transfer to the evaluation object 3 when it is assumed that 10 is in contact with the evaluation object 3 can be estimated. That is, it is possible to estimate the heat transfer to the evaluation target 3 without performing the measurement or the like using the human body 10 on the evaluation target 3, and the effect that the evaluation of the evaluation target 3 can be performed objectively and quickly. There is.

The method may further include the following steps.
FIG. 2(a) is a flow chart showing steps added to this method, and FIG. 2(b) is a graph showing a correlation between a physical quantity indicating heat transfer from a human body to a test object and a hot/cold sensory value.

In the flow chart F2, steps (6) and (7) are steps of carrying out a hot/cold sensory test using the test article 2 and identifying the correlation between the first physical quantity and the hot/cold sensory value. Specifically, as a hot/cold sensory test, while measuring the first physical quantity using the test object 2, the test subject 2 is asked to respond as a numerical value, and the first physical quantity and the temperature The data necessary to identify the correlation with the cold sensory value is obtained. From such data, as a correlation, for example, a function (for example, a linear function) as shown in the graph G2 is obtained. In this function, the larger the first physical quantity, that is, the physical quantity indicating the heat transfer from the human body 10 to the test object 2, is, the colder the cold functional value is, the colder it is, which is in agreement with common sense.

The step (8) is a temperature when it is assumed that the human body 10 is in contact with the evaluation target object 3 set in advance to a predetermined temperature from the fourth physical quantity based on the correlation identified in the step (7). This is a step of estimating a cold sensory value. Specifically, the corresponding hot/cold sensory value is estimated by applying the correlation specified in step (7) to the estimated value of the fourth physical quantity estimated in step (5). That is, if the graph G2 is used, the warm/cold sensory value C for the fourth physical quantity B can be known.

As described above, in the present method, the correlation between the first physical quantity and the hot/cold sensory value and the correlation between the first physical quantity and the hot/cold sensory value are specified in advance, and then the third The hot/cold sensory value when the human body 10 is assumed to be in contact with the evaluation target 3 can be estimated only by measuring the physical quantity. That is, it is possible to estimate the amount of heat transfer to the evaluation object 3 and the hot and cold sensory values without performing the measurement using the human body 10 on the evaluation object 3, and the evaluation of the evaluation object 3 is objective. There is an effect that it can be done quickly and objectively.

Next, a specific example of the simulated human body 20 will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view of an example of a simulated human body.

The simulated human body 20 is formed corresponding to a specific part of the human body 10, for example, a sole, and has a basic structure similar to the human body 10, that is, an internal material 22 having a skin material 21 is covered with a heat insulating material 23. ing. As the material 22 for the body, it is preferable to use a material having a thermal conductivity (0.58 W/m·K) similar to that of water. Examples of such materials include high density polyethylene (0.46 to 0.52 W/m·K) and glass (0.55 to 0.75 W/m·K). As the skin agent, for example, a soft resin such as silicon may be used. The heat insulating material 23 may be, for example, Styrofoam or the like.

An electrothermal heating element 24 and a temperature sensor 25 such as a thermocouple are arranged at the upper end of the body member 22. The controller 28 controls the heating element 24 so that the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 25 is constant (for example, 33 degrees Celsius). Instead of the heating element 24, a heat exchanger through which a heat medium (water or oil) heated to a constant temperature (for example, 33 degrees Celsius) communicates may be used.

A heat flux sensor 26 is arranged at the boundary between the skin material 21 and the body material 22. The heat flux sensor 26 is a sensor that detects the heat flow from the temperature difference between the two surfaces of the heat resistor provided inside the heat flux sensor 26, but a sheet type sensor may be used here. The detection signal of the heat flux sensor 26, for example, the detection temperature of both surfaces of the thermal resistor is transmitted to the control device 28 through the lead wire.

The simulated human body 20 is set on the test object 2 or the evaluation object 3 with the skin material 21 facing downward. A desired weight 27 can be fixed to the upper part of the simulated human body 20. The weight 27 is for simulating a load applied to the human body 10 (sole) when a person is seated or standing up. By adjusting the weight of the weight 27, it is possible to preferably reproduce the state in which the human body 10 is in contact with the test object 2 or the evaluation object 3.

Hereinafter, examples of specific definitions of the first to fourth physical quantities will be described.

The first example is an example in which a heat flux is used as a physical quantity indicating heat transfer to the test object 2 or the evaluation object 3.
At this time, the first physical quantity is a value calculated by measuring the heat flux to the test object 2 when the human body 10 is in contact with the test object 2.
The second physical quantity is a value calculated by measuring the heat flux to the test object 2 when the simulated human body 20 is in contact with the test object 2.
The third physical quantity is a value calculated by measuring the heat flux to the evaluation object 3 when the simulated human body 20 is in contact with the evaluation object 3.
The fourth physical quantity is a value calculated by estimating the heat flux to the evaluation target 3 when the human body 10 is in contact with the evaluation target 3.

Such first to fourth physical quantities will be further described with reference to FIGS. 4(a) and 4(b). 4(a) and 4(b) are schematic diagrams for explaining the temperature and heat flux measurement sites in the human body and the simulated human body 20.

The first and fourth physical quantities are the maximum value of the heat flux from the human body 10 to the test object 2 in a predetermined time, and the temperature difference between the human body initial temperature (skin initial temperature) and the test object initial temperature or the evaluation object initial temperature. It may be defined as a value obtained by dividing by. That is, the first and fourth physical quantities may be defined as the maximum heat flux per degree of temperature difference between the human body initial temperature and the test article initial temperature or the evaluation object initial temperature. As the predetermined time, a time when the heat flux is considered to be near the maximum value, for example, 3 minutes is suitable.
At this time, the maximum heat flux K is expressed by the following equation.
K=Qp/(T0-Tf0)
Here, Qp is the maximum value of the heat flux when the human body 10 is in contact with the test object 2 or the evaluation object 3 for a predetermined time. T0 is the human body initial temperature at the time when the human body 10 is brought into contact with the test object 2 or the evaluation object 3. Tf0 is the initial temperature of the test object or the initial temperature of the evaluation object when the human body 10 is brought into contact with the test object 2 or the evaluation object 3.

The second and third physical quantities are obtained by dividing the maximum value of the heat flux from the simulated human body 20 to the test object 2 in a predetermined time by the temperature difference between the human body initial temperature and the test object initial temperature or the evaluation object initial temperature. It may be defined as a value obtained by That is, the second and third physical quantities may be defined as the maximum heat flux per degree of temperature difference between the simulated human body initial temperature and the test article initial temperature or the evaluation object initial temperature. At this time, the maximum heat flux Ki per 1 degree of temperature difference is represented by the following formula.
Ki=Qpi/(Ti0-Tf0)
Here, Qpi is the maximum value of the heat flux when the simulated human body 20 is in contact with the test object 2 for a predetermined time (for example, 30 seconds). Tio is the simulated human body initial temperature at the time when the simulated human body 20 is brought into contact with the test object 2 or the evaluation object 3. Tf0 is the initial temperature of the test object when the simulated human body 20 is brought into contact with the test object 2.
In this way, if the first to fourth physical quantities are defined as the maximum heat fluxes K and Ki per degree of temperature difference from the test article initial temperature or the evaluation object initial temperature, for example, the first physical quantity and the second physical quantity Experiments have confirmed the effects of improving the linearity of the correlation with the physical quantity of.

5A and 5B are graphs showing the correlation between the first physical quantity and the second physical quantity and the correlation between the first physical quantity and the hot/cold sensory value in this example, respectively.
In this example, as shown in the graph G3, the correlation between the first physical quantity and the second physical quantity is that the maximum heat flux K per degree of temperature difference between the human body initial temperature and the test object initial temperature and the simulated human body initial temperature. May be defined as a correlation between the maximum heat flux Ki per degree of temperature difference between the test material initial temperature and the initial temperature.
Further, the correlation between the first physical quantity and the hot/cold sensory value is defined as a correlation between the maximum value Qp of the heat flux from the human body 10 to the test object 2 and the hot/cool sensory value IX, as shown in Graph 4. Good.

The second example is an example in which a temperature change is used as a physical quantity indicating heat transfer to the test object 2 or the evaluation object 3.
At this time, the first physical quantity is a value calculated by measuring a temperature change of the human body 10 when the human body 10 is in contact with the test object 2 for a predetermined time.
The second physical quantity is a value calculated by measuring a temperature change of the simulated human body 20 when the simulated human body 20 is in contact with the test object 2 for a predetermined time.
The third physical quantity is a value calculated by measuring the temperature change of the simulated human body 20 when the simulated human body 20 is in contact with the evaluation target 3 for a predetermined time.
The fourth physical quantity is a value calculated by estimating the temperature change of the human body 10 when it is assumed that the human body 10 has been in contact with the evaluation object 3 for a predetermined time.

Such first to fourth physical quantities will be further described with reference to FIGS. 6(a) and 6(b). 6(a) and 6(b) are schematic diagrams for explaining temperature measurement sites in a human body and a simulated human body.

The first and fourth physical quantities may be defined as values obtained by dividing the human body temperature change in a predetermined time by the temperature difference between the human body initial temperature and the test object initial temperature or the evaluation object initial temperature. That is, the first and fourth physical quantities are defined as changes in human body temperature per degree of temperature difference between the human body initial temperature and the test article initial temperature or the evaluation object initial temperature. It is to be noted that as the predetermined time period, a time period in which the human body 10 is considered to reach a substantially constant temperature, for example, 12 minutes is suitable. At this time, the human body temperature change Tm per 1 degree of temperature difference is expressed by the following formula.
Tm=(T12-T0)/(T0-Tf0)
Here, T12 is the human body temperature after the human body 10 is brought into contact with the test object 2 or the evaluation object 3 for a predetermined time. T0 is the human body initial temperature at the time when the human body 10 is brought into contact with the test object 2 or the evaluation object 3. Tf0 is the initial temperature of the test object or the initial temperature of the evaluation object when the human body 10 is brought into contact with the test object 2 or the evaluation object 3.

The second and third physical quantities may be defined as values obtained by dividing the simulated human body temperature change in a predetermined time by the temperature difference between the simulated human body initial temperature and the test article initial temperature or the evaluation object initial temperature. Good. That is, the second and third physical quantities may be defined as changes in simulated human body temperature per degree of temperature difference between the simulated human body initial temperature and the test article initial temperature or the evaluation object initial temperature. As the predetermined time, a time that the simulated human body 20 is considered to reach a substantially constant temperature, for example, 12 minutes is suitable. At this time, the simulated human body temperature change Tmi per temperature difference is expressed by the following equation.
Tmi=(Ti12-Ti0)/(Ti0-Tf0)
Here, Ti12 is a simulated human body temperature after the simulated human body 20 is brought into contact with the test object 2 or the evaluation object 3 for a predetermined time. Tio is the simulated human body initial temperature at the time when the simulated human body 20 is brought into contact with the test object 2 or the evaluation object 3. Tf0 is the initial temperature of the test object or the initial temperature of the evaluation object when the simulated human body 20 is brought into contact with the test object 2 or the evaluation object 3.
In this way, if the first to fourth physical quantities are defined as temperature changes Tm and Tmi per degree of temperature difference from the test article initial temperature or the evaluation object initial temperature, for example, the first physical quantity and the second physical quantity It has been confirmed by experiments that the linearity of the correlation with the physical quantity is improved.

7A and 7B are graphs showing the correlation between the first physical quantity and the second physical quantity and the correlation between the first physical quantity and the hot/cold sensory value in this example, respectively.
In this example, as shown in Graph 5, the correlation between the first physical quantity and the second physical quantity is that the human body temperature change Tm per 1 degree of temperature difference between the human body initial temperature and the test object initial temperature and the simulated human body initial temperature May be defined as a correlation with the simulated human body temperature change Tmi per degree of temperature difference between the test object initial temperature and.
The correlation between the first physical quantity and the hot/cold sensory value is defined as the correlation between the human body temperature T12 after being in contact with the test object 2 for a predetermined time and the hot/cold sensory value IX, as shown in Graph 6. Good.

2 Test object 3 Evaluation target 10 Human body 20 Simulated human body

Claims (5)

Using a simulated human body formed corresponding to a specific part of the human body and thermally controlled so that the inside thereof maintains a constant temperature, heat to the evaluation target object when the specific part of the human body comes into contact with the evaluation target object. A method of estimating a physical quantity indicating movement,
A step of measuring a first physical quantity indicating a heat transfer to the test object when the specific part of the human body is in contact with the test object set to a predetermined temperature in advance;
Measuring a second physical quantity indicative of heat transfer to the test object when the simulated human body is in contact with the test object;
Identifying a correlation between the first physical quantity and the second physical quantity;
Measuring the third physical quantity indicating the heat transfer to the evaluation object when the simulated human body is in contact with the evaluation object preset to a predetermined temperature;
Based on the correlation, a fourth physical quantity indicating heat transfer to the evaluation object when it is assumed that a specific part of the human body is in contact with the evaluation object is estimated from the third physical quantity. A method for estimating a physical quantity indicating heat transfer, comprising: A step of performing a hot and cold sensory test using the test article to identify a correlation between the first physical quantity and a hot and cold sensory value;
Based on the correlation between the first physical quantity and the hot/cold sensory value, it was assumed from the fourth physical quantity that a specific part of the human body was in contact with an evaluation target object set in advance to a predetermined temperature. The method for estimating a physical quantity indicating heat transfer according to claim 1, further comprising the step of estimating a hot/cold sensory value at the time. The physical quantity indicating heat transfer according to claim 2, wherein the warm-cool sensory test causes the subject to answer the thermal sensation of the test object as a numerical value while measuring the first physical quantity. Estimation method. The first physical quantity is a value calculated by measuring a heat flux to the test object when the specific part of the human body is in contact with the test object,
The second physical quantity is a value calculated by measuring the heat flux to the test object when the simulated human body is in contact with the test object,
The third physical quantity is a value calculated by measuring the heat flux to the evaluation object when the simulated human body is in contact with the evaluation object,
The fourth physical quantity is a value calculated by estimating a heat flux to the evaluation object when it is assumed that the specific part of the human body is in contact with the evaluation object. The method for estimating a physical quantity indicating heat transfer according to claim 1. The first physical quantity is a value calculated by measuring a temperature change of the specific part of the human body when the specific part of the human body is in contact with the test object for a predetermined time,
The second physical quantity is a value calculated by measuring a temperature change of the simulated human body when the simulated human body is in contact with the test object for a predetermined time,
The third physical quantity is a value calculated by measuring a temperature change of the simulated human body when the simulated human body is in contact with the evaluation object for a predetermined time,
The fourth physical quantity is a value calculated by estimating a temperature change of the specific part of the human body when it is assumed that the specific part of the human body has been in contact with the evaluation target for a predetermined time. The method for estimating a physical quantity indicating heat transfer according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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