JP6464523B2 - Instantaneous contact thermal sensation evaluation method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to instantaneous between contact thermal sensation evaluation methods.

  In recent years, as a comfort test and design standard for interior materials such as residential flooring and wall materials, in addition to the temperature etc. of the interior material itself, the contact thermal sensation that occurs when a human body part contacts the interior material. Attempts to evaluate have been made.

  For example, in Patent Document 1, a layer simulating human tissue is provided on a main body filled with a constant-temperature liquid, and the placement surface of the main body is brought into contact with the floor surface via the simulated clothing layer to place the simulated clothing layer and the body. An evaluation apparatus for floor heating that measures the temperature of a contact point with a surface has been proposed.

  Further, in Non-Patent Document 1, a method for evaluating the thermal contact feeling of a floor by measuring temperature changes when contacting various floor finishing materials using a simulated foot imitating the structure of a human foot. Has been proposed.

JP 2001-272284 A

Architectural Institute of Japan, Series 517, 1999, p. 31-37

  However, in the conventional evaluation of contact thermal sensation, for example, the evaluation is based on the temperature change of the contact surface after contacting the test material for 10 minutes, the maximum value of the temperature of the contact surface measured continuously for 60 minutes, etc. As a result, an evaluation apparatus and an evaluation method have been designed. Therefore, from the viewpoint of performing evaluation on a shorter time scale, there is a problem that there is room for further improvement of the evaluation apparatus and the evaluation method. In particular, for example, regarding a flooring material, an evaluation device and an evaluation method capable of evaluating an instantaneous contact thermal sensation until 30 seconds after the human foot touches the flooring material have been desired.

The present invention has been made in view of the circumstances as described above, provides evaluation method that can be used to evaluate the instantaneous contact thermal sensation immediately after the body part of the person are in contact with the test material The purpose is that.

In order to achieve the above object, the instantaneous contact thermal sensation evaluation method of the present invention is:
A simulated skin member;
A simulated subcutaneous member;
A detecting means provided between the simulated skin member and the simulated subcutaneous member for detecting a heat flux of a contact surface of the simulated skin member when the simulated skin member and the test material are in contact with each other;
A heater part that is provided on an upper surface of the simulated subcutaneous member, and heats the simulated skin member and the simulated subcutaneous member;
A heat insulating member surrounding an upper surface and a side surface of the heater part and a part of a side surface of the simulated subcutaneous member;
Control means for controlling on / off of the heater section;
Using the instantaneous contact thermal sensation evaluation apparatus including a signal display unit that generates a signal when the temperature of the heater unit reaches the measurement start temperature, the temperature of the heater unit is controlled by on / off control of the control unit. After the temperature is set higher than the measurement start temperature, the simulated skin member of the instantaneous contact thermal sensation evaluation device is brought into contact with the test material when the temperature of the heater unit drops and reaches the measurement start temperature. And measuring the heat flux of the contact surface .

According to the present invention, evaluation methods that can be used to evaluate the instantaneous contact thermal sensation immediately after the body part of the person is in contact with the test material is provided.

It is a model side view which shows the instantaneous contact thermal sensation evaluation apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic perspective view (a) and a schematic cross-sectional view (b) showing a simulated body member of the instantaneous contact thermal sensation evaluation apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows one Embodiment of the instantaneous contact thermal sensation evaluation method of this invention. (A) shows the state before and after measurement, and (b) shows the state at the time of measurement. It is a figure which illustrates the relationship between the temperature of a heater part, and the timing which starts a measurement in one Embodiment of the instantaneous contact thermal sensation evaluation method of this invention. (A) shows the case where the set temperature is 33.0 ° C. and the measurement start temperature is 33.7 ° C., and (b) shows the case where the set temperature is 25.0 ° C. and the measurement start temperature is 25.4 ° C. It is a graph which shows the example of a measurement of the heat flux and temperature of the contact surface of the simulation skin member made to contact the test material. (A) is the heat flux of the contact surface, (b) is the temperature of the contact surface, and (c) is the temperature of the heater section.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Here, a case where a flooring material is used as a test material and an instantaneous contact thermal sensation evaluation apparatus simulating a human foot (foot sole) is applied will be described as an example.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing an instantaneous contact thermal sensation evaluation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view (a) and a schematic cross-sectional view (b) showing a simulated body member of the instantaneous contact thermal sensation evaluation apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.

  The instantaneous contact thermal sensation evaluation apparatus 1 (hereinafter also simply referred to as “evaluation apparatus 1”) according to the present embodiment includes a simulated skin member 2 and a simulated subcutaneous member 3 as shown in FIGS. I have. Between the simulated skin member 2 and the simulated subcutaneous member 3, as shown in FIG. 2B, the heat flux of the contact surface A of the simulated skin member 2 when the simulated skin member 2 and the test material S come into contact with each other. Detection means 4 is provided for detecting. Further, on the upper surface of the simulated subcutaneous member 3, a heater section 5 for heating the simulated skin member 2 and the simulated subcutaneous member 3 is provided. The upper surface and the side surface of the heater unit 5 and a part of the side surface of the simulated subcutaneous member 3 are surrounded by a heat insulating member 6. On / off of the heater unit 5 is controlled by the control means 7. Moreover, the evaluation apparatus 1 includes a signal expression unit 8 that generates a signal when the temperature of the heater unit 5 reaches the measurement start temperature.

  In this specification, the term “instantaneous” refers to the time (t) from when the simulated skin member 2 comes into contact with the test material S until the peak of the heat flux on the contact surface A (see FIG. 5) occurs. Specifically, for example, t = 3 to 30 seconds, preferably t = 10 seconds. By evaluating the size of the peak of such heat flux, for example, when the floor material is touched with bare feet, the difference in coldness and warmth for each floor material can be compared.

The simulated skin member 2 has a lower surface serving as a contact surface A with the test material S, as shown in FIG. As the simulated skin member 2, for example, a sheet of soft resin such as silicon can be used. Specifically, for example, a durometer type A silicon sheet having a contact surface hardness of 5 ° and having a thickness of 0.5 mm cut to a diameter of 24.5 mm can be used. In this case, the area of the contact surface A is calculated to be about 4.7 cm ² .

  As the simulated subcutaneous member 3, for example, a bulk of a soft resin such as silicon can be used. Specifically, for example, a silicone rubber stopper of size 9 (upper diameter 25.4 mm, lower diameter 24.5 mm, height 5 mm) with a durometer type A and a contact surface hardness of 50 to 55 ° can be used. .

  The materials of the simulated skin member 2 and the simulated subcutaneous member 3 are not limited to these, and the thermal conductivity from the skin to the subcutaneous tissue (or the thermal conductivity from the subcutaneous tissue to the skin) in the human body part simulated by the evaluation apparatus 1. The ratio can be appropriately selected in consideration of physical properties such as (rate).

  The detecting means 4 is provided between the simulated skin member 2 and the simulated subcutaneous member 3 as shown in FIG. More specifically, in this embodiment, the detection means 4 is embedded in the simulated subcutaneous member 3, and the lower surface of the simulated subcutaneous member 3 and the bottom surface of the detection means 4 are flush with each other. The detection means 4 plays a role of detecting the heat flux of the contact surface A.

  The detection means 4 is not particularly limited as long as it can detect the heat flux of the contact surface A, and is appropriately selected in consideration of the structure and characteristics of the human body part simulated by the evaluation apparatus 1. be able to. For example, in the present embodiment, a heat flux meter (Eto Electric Co., Ltd.) having a height (thickness) of 0.6 mm in consideration of the position of the temperature sensing portion (cold spot) on the human sole that is simulated by the evaluation apparatus 1. Manufactured, length 10 mm × width 10 mm) can be used.

  Further, as the detection means 4, for example, a combination of a heat flux sensor and a thermocouple may be used so that the heat flux and temperature of the contact surface A can be detected.

  As shown in FIG. 2B, the heater unit 5 is provided on the upper surface of the simulated subcutaneous member 3 and plays a role of heating the simulated skin member 2 and the simulated subcutaneous member 3. The heater unit 5 can heat the simulated skin member 2 and the simulated subcutaneous member 3 so as to reproduce the temperature of the human body part simulated by the evaluation apparatus 1. In consideration of the feature that the subcutaneous temperature is higher than the skin temperature in the human body part, the heater unit 5 is provided on the upper surface of the simulated subcutaneous member 3.

A generally available heater can be used as the heater unit 5 and is appropriately selected in consideration of conditions such as the size of the simulated body member 10 as described later, a set temperature T ₀ and a measurement start temperature T ₁ described later, and the like. can do. For example, a cementing spot heater (manufactured by Three High Co., Ltd., 100V2W, length 13 mm, width 11 mm, height 5 mm) can be used.

  In the evaluation apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, the heater unit 5 can be provided on the upper surface of the simulated subcutaneous member 3 in a state sandwiched between two copper plates 51 and 52 as shown in FIG. . The copper plates 51 and 52 are connected by a connecting member 53. The copper plate 51 located on the upper surface side of the simulated subcutaneous member 3 mediates heat transfer from the heater unit 5 to the simulated subcutaneous member 3 so that the simulated subcutaneous member 3 and the simulated skin member 2 are heated rapidly and excessively. It plays the role of suppressing Moreover, the copper plate 52 located on the upper surface side of the heater part 5 plays a role of suppressing the heat insulation member 6 from being heated suddenly and excessively by mediating heat transfer from the heater part 5 to the heat insulation member 6. Plays. The sizes of the copper plates 51 and 52 can be appropriately designed according to the size and performance of the heater unit 5, and can be, for example, 27 mm in diameter and 1 mm in thickness.

  A first thermocouple 9 for measuring the internal temperature of the simulated body member 10 to be described later can be provided on the copper plate 51. Further, a second thermocouple 7 a for controlling the temperature of the heater unit 5 by the control means 7 described later can be provided between the upper surface of the heater unit 5 and the copper plate 52.

  As shown in FIG. 2B, the heat insulating member 6 surrounds the upper surface and the side surface of the heater unit 5 and a part of the side surface of the simulated subcutaneous member 3. The heat insulating member 6 suppresses the temperature of the heater unit 5, the simulated subcutaneous member 3 and the simulated skin member 2 from being affected by the environmental temperature around the evaluation device 1, and consequently the heat flux of the contact surface A is affected. It plays a role to suppress that.

  On the other hand, in order to avoid contact between the heat insulating member 6 and the test material S when the simulated skin member 2 comes into contact with the test material S, a part of the side surface of the simulated subcutaneous member 3 and the side surface of the simulated skin member 2 are used. Is not surrounded by the heat insulating member 6. That is, in this embodiment, a part of the simulated subcutaneous member 3 and the simulated skin member 2 are configured to protrude from the lower surface of the heat insulating member 6, and the height h of the protruding part is determined by the simulated subcutaneous member 3 and the simulated skin. Considering the amount of elastic deformation of the member 2, for example, it can be set to 0.8 to 2 mm.

  As the heat insulating member 6, generally known heat insulating materials can be used, and examples thereof include urethane foam. The heat insulating member 6 may be one type of member or a combination of two or more types of members.

  The size of the heat insulating member 6 is not particularly limited. For example, the shape of the heat insulating member 6 may be a cylindrical shape having an outer diameter of 80 mm and a height of 40 mm in plan view.

  As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, wiring 12 such as the heater unit 5, the first thermocouple 9, the second thermocouple 7a, and the detection means 4 is passed through the side surface of the heat insulating member 6. Wiring holes 61 can be formed.

  The control means 7 shown in FIG. 1 is electrically connected to the heater unit 5 and controls on / off of the heater unit 5.

The control means 7 detects the temperature of the heater unit 5 with a first thermocouple 7 a provided between the upper surface of the heater unit 5 and the copper plate 52, and switches the heater unit 5 on and off. That is, when the temperature of the heater unit 5 is lower than the set temperature T ₀ , the heater unit 5 is turned on, and when the temperature of the heater unit 5 reaches the set temperature T ₀ , the heater unit 5 is turned off. At this time, due to the residual heat of the heater unit 5 itself, the temperature of the heater unit 5 rises above the set temperature T ₀ . Thereafter, when the temperature of the heater unit 5 drops and reaches the set temperature T ₀ again, the heater unit 5 is turned on again. By repeating these operations, the control means 7 can control the temperature of the heater unit 5.

The set temperature T ₀ can be appropriately set according to the configuration, characteristics, etc. of the human body part simulated by the evaluation apparatus 1. In the present embodiment, for example, the temperature can be set assuming the internal temperature of the human foot simulated by the evaluation apparatus 1, and examples include 33.0 ° C., 25.0 ° C., and the like.

  As the control means 7, generally available control means can be used, for example, a temperature regulator 71 can be used.

Signal exposed portion 8 generates a signal when the temperature of the heater unit 5 has reached the measurement start temperature T _1. The measurement start temperature T ₁ is a temperature that exceeds the set temperature T ₀ , and can be set as appropriate according to the configuration, characteristics, etc. of the human body part simulated by the evaluation apparatus 1. For example, when the set temperature T ₀ is 33.0 ° C., the measurement start temperature T ₁ can be 33.7 ° C. Further, when the set temperature T ₀ is 25.0 ° C., the measurement start temperature T ₁ can be 25.4 ° C.

  The signal generated in the signal expression unit 8 can be, for example, an optical signal that can be visually recognized from the outside of the evaluation device 1. For example, in the present embodiment, the signal display unit 8 may be the temperature display unit 81 that displays the temperature of the heater unit 5 in the temperature controller 71.

  As another embodiment, for example, the evaluation apparatus 1 includes a movement control means (not shown) for controlling the movement of a simulated body member 10 to be described later, and an electric signal generated in the signal expression unit 8 is used. The operation of the movement control means may be automatically controlled.

  In the evaluation apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2B, the simulated skin member 2, the simulated subcutaneous member 3, the detection means 4, the heater unit 5, and the heat insulating material 6 are combined to make a movable simulation. The body member 10 can be configured. As shown in FIG. 2A, the simulated body member 10 can have a circular outer shape in plan view. In addition, you may provide a grip part (not shown) in the side part of the simulation body member 10, ie, the side surface of the heat insulation member 6, as a handle part in the case of operating the simulation body member 10 manually.

Moreover, in the evaluation apparatus 1 which concerns on this embodiment, as shown to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the load member 11 can be provided in the upper end part of the simulation body member 10, for example, the upper surface of the heat insulation member 6. As shown in FIG. The load member 11 can be appropriately selected in consideration of the structure and characteristics of the human body part simulated by the evaluation apparatus 1. Specifically, the mass of the load member 11 can be set on the assumption that the load applied to the sole in the state of sitting on a chair with respect to the sole of the human foot simulated by the evaluation device 1. For example, if the weight ratio of one upper and lower thigh when a person with a weight of 60 kg is sitting on a chair is 15%, the load on one foot sole is calculated as 60 kg × 0.15 = 9.0 kg, and the sole of the foot is calculated. Assuming the area of 175 cm ² , the load per unit area is calculated as 9.0 kg / 175 cm ² = 51 g / cm ² . By applying this to the evaluation device 1 according to the present embodiment, for example, a metal weight (diameter 50 mm, height 16 mm) having a mass of 250 g can be used as the load member 11.

  In addition, in the evaluation apparatus 1 which concerns on this embodiment, the additional component may be provided in the range which does not inhibit the objective and effect of this invention as needed. For example, a logger that can record the heat flux and temperature of the contact surface A, an electronic computer that can process and analyze data such as the measured heat flux and temperature, and the like can be provided.

  Next, using the evaluation apparatus 1 of the present embodiment as an example, the instantaneous contact thermal sensation of the flooring material as the test material S is evaluated as an example, and the operation of the evaluation apparatus 1 and the moment when the evaluation apparatus 1 is used. A method for evaluating the thermal contact thermal sensation will be described.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of the instantaneous contact thermal sensation evaluation method of the present invention. FIG. 3A shows a state before and after measurement, and FIG. 3B shows a state at the time of measurement. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the temperature of the heater section and the timing to start measurement in an embodiment of the instantaneous contact thermal sensation evaluation method of the present invention. 4A shows the case where the set temperature is 33.0 ° C. and the measurement start temperature is 33.7 ° C., and FIG. 4B shows the case where the set temperature is 25.0 ° C. and the measurement start temperature is 25.4 ° C. Show.

In the instantaneous contact thermal sensation evaluation method (hereinafter also simply referred to as “evaluation method”) of the present embodiment, the heat flux of the contact surface A is measured using the instantaneous contact thermal sensation evaluation apparatus 1. Specifically, after the temperature of the heater unit 5 is set to a temperature higher than the measurement start temperature T ₁ by the on / off control of the control means 7, the temperature of the heater unit 5 drops and reaches the measurement start temperature T ₁ . The simulated skin member 2 of the evaluation device 1 is sometimes brought into contact with the test material S, and the heat flux of the contact surface A is measured.

  More specifically, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), in the state before and after the measurement, the simulated body member 10 of the evaluation apparatus 1 is a control means that reduces the influence of the ambient temperature around the evaluation apparatus 1. 7 can be installed on the heat insulating stand 13 from the viewpoint of the efficiency of the temperature control of the heater unit 5 by 7. Further, the test material S is arranged on the installation table 14.

  And in the state of the state at the time of a measurement, as shown in FIG.3 (b), the simulated body member 10 is arrange | positioned on the test material S, and the heat flux of the contact surface A is measured. After the measurement is completed, the simulated body member 10 is returned to the heat insulating table 13 again, and is kept in a standby state until the next measurement.

In the evaluation method of the present embodiment, the measurement is started at the timing when the temperature of the heater unit 5 is increased after the temperature of the heater unit 5 becomes higher than the measurement start temperature T ₁ by the on / off control of the control unit 7. it is when it reaches the measurement start temperature T ₁ of descends.

4 (a) and 4 (b), the temperature shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b) is related to the temperature change of the heater unit 5 by the control means 7. There can be divided and the section 5a is lower than the set temperature T _0, on the section 5b is the temperature of the heater portion 5 is set temperature T ₀ or more.

4A and 4B, the timing (P) at which the measurement in the evaluation method of the present embodiment is started is the interval 5b, where the temperature of the heater unit 5 is the measurement start temperature T ₁ (T ₁ > T ₀ ). after a higher temperature than is the temperature of the heater unit 5 has reached the measurement start temperature T ₁ of descends.

  In the present embodiment, when the temperature of the heater unit 5 reaches the timing P at which measurement is started, the simulated body member 10 of the evaluation device 1 is placed on the test material S, and the simulated skin member 2 and the test material S Contact.

  By determining the timing to start the measurement in this way, it becomes possible to measure the peak of the heat flux of the contact surface A stably and with good reproducibility, and the simulated body member 10 of the evaluation device 1 has contacted the test material S. Immediately after, instantaneous contact thermal sensation can be stably evaluated. Therefore, for example, prepare multiple test materials such as a plate whose surface coating state has been changed and a plate whose base material has been changed, and evaluate such instantaneous contact thermal sensation under the same conditions. Thus, it is possible to compare the superiority and inferiority of coldness and warmth when touching a floor material or wall material with bare feet or bare hands.

  In the evaluation method of the present embodiment, the movement of the simulated body member 10 may be manual operation or automatic control. That is, in the case of manual operation, for example, the tester recognizes that the timing for starting the measurement has been reached by a signal generated from the signal display unit 8 and moves the simulated body member 10 onto the test material S. Thus, the simulated skin member 2 and the test material S can be brought into contact with each other. In the case of automatic control, for example, the simulated skin member 2 is moved by moving the simulated body member 10 onto the test material S by a movement control means (not shown) by a signal generated from the signal display unit 8. And the test material S can be brought into contact with each other.

  In the evaluation method of the present embodiment, as a preliminary measurement, the above operation is performed about 2 to 3 times, and the temperature of the simulated body member 10 of the evaluation device 1, the temperature of the heater unit 5, the operation of the control means 7, etc. Stabilization is preferably considered. Moreover, the evaluation method of this embodiment is, for example, in a constant temperature bath (not shown) maintained at a constant temperature such as 15 ° C. or 20 ° C. from the viewpoint of making the ambient temperature around the evaluation device 1 constant. Can be done. Furthermore, when the evaluation apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment is used, not only the instantaneous contact thermal sensation of the test material S but also the subsequent contact thermal sensation can be evaluated.

  FIG. 5 is a graph showing an example of measurement of heat flux and temperature of the contact surface of the simulated skin member brought into contact with the test material. Graph (a) is the heat flux of the contact surface, graph (b) is the temperature of the contact surface, and graph (c) is the temperature of the heater section.

  In the measurement example shown in FIG. 5, as test material S, a surface material having a thickness of 1 mm made of an olefin sheet and a wood plastic board (WPB), and a core material having a thickness of 11 mm made of a plywood (E70) of lauan and eucalyptus, The wood material which combined is used. Moreover, in this measurement example, the simulated skin from the time when the simulated skin member 2 of the evaluation apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment is brought into contact with the above-mentioned wood material in a thermostat kept at 15 ° C. until 720 seconds later. The heat flux (a) and temperature (b) of the contact surface A of the member 2 are measured. In this measurement example, the temperature (c) of the heater unit 5 is also measured.

  As understood from FIG. 5, in this measurement example, the peak of the heat flux of the contact surface A occurs within 10 seconds from when the simulated skin member 2 comes into contact with the wood material. The time until the peak of the heat flux of the contact surface A thus obtained, the intensity of the peak (peak value), etc. can be used as an evaluation index of the instantaneous contact thermal sensation of the test material S. . Thus, by measuring the heat flux peak of the contact surface A using the evaluation apparatus 1 and the evaluation method according to this embodiment, instantaneous contact temperature cooling immediately after the human body part contacts the test material. The feeling can be evaluated.

  As described above, the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail. However, specific embodiments are not limited to these embodiments, and the present invention can be applied even if there is a design change or the like without departing from the gist of the present invention. included.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Instantaneous contact thermal sensation evaluation apparatus 2 Simulated skin member 3 Simulated subcutaneous member 4 Detection means 5 Heater part 6 Thermal insulation member 7 Control means 8 Signal display part A Contact surface S Test material T ₀ Setting temperature T ₁ Measurement start temperature

Claims (1)

A simulated skin member;
A simulated subcutaneous member;
A detecting means provided between the simulated skin member and the simulated subcutaneous member for detecting a heat flux of a contact surface of the simulated skin member when the simulated skin member and the test material are in contact with each other;
A heater part that is provided on an upper surface of the simulated subcutaneous member, and heats the simulated skin member and the simulated subcutaneous member;
A heat insulating member surrounding an upper surface and a side surface of the heater part and a part of a side surface of the simulated subcutaneous member;
Control means for controlling on / off of the heater section;
Using instantaneous between contact thermal sensation evaluation device Ru and a signal exposed portion for generating a signal when the temperature reaches the measurement start temperature of the heater unit,
After the temperature of the heater unit is set to a temperature higher than the measurement start temperature by on / off control of the control means, the instantaneous contact temperature cooling is performed when the temperature of the heater unit decreases and reaches the measurement start temperature. An instantaneous contact thermal sensation evaluation method, wherein the simulated skin member of a feeling evaluation device is brought into contact with the test material and the heat flux of the contact surface is measured.

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