JP6713706B2 - 溶融塩化物中からのセレン及びテルルの回収方法 - Google Patents
溶融塩化物中からのセレン及びテルルの回収方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 title claims description 143
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title claims description 142
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 42
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 40
- PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellurium atom Chemical compound [Te] PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 40
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 36
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims description 32
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 83
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 83
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 67
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 67
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 150000003346 selenoethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 33
- XSOKHXFFCGXDJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N telluride(2-) Chemical compound [Te-2] XSOKHXFFCGXDJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910015902 Bi 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- CXKCTMHTOKXKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium oxide Inorganic materials [Cd]=O CXKCTMHTOKXKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(II) oxide Inorganic materials [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(II) oxide Inorganic materials [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 80
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 29
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 18
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910018068 Li 2 O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 229910021397 glassy carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 229910013618 LiCl—KCl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000002484 cyclic voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- YBNMDCCMCLUHBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) 4-pyren-1-ylbutanoate Chemical compound C=1C=C(C2=C34)C=CC3=CC=CC4=CC=C2C=1CCCC(=O)ON1C(=O)CCC1=O YBNMDCCMCLUHBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 9
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium chloride Inorganic materials [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910002056 binary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002848 electrochemical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- FGDZQCVHDSGLHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M rubidium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Rb+] FGDZQCVHDSGLHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004992 fission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002354 inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910018091 Li 2 S Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GXCLVBGFBYZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-N-methylprop-2-en-1-amine Chemical compound CN(CCC1=CNC2=C1C=CC=C2)CC=C GXCLVBGFBYZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- AIYUHDOJVYHVIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cs+] AIYUHDOJVYHVIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940102127 rubidium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 2
- JPJALAQPGMAKDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N selenium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Se]=O JPJALAQPGMAKDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N (2s)-2-[[4-[2-(2,4-diaminoquinazolin-6-yl)ethyl]benzoyl]amino]-4-methylidenepentanedioic acid Chemical compound C1=CC2=NC(N)=NC(N)=C2C=C1CCC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=C)C(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004613 CdTe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000733 Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100496858 Mus musculus Colec12 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910002665 PbTe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052778 Plutonium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052768 actinide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001255 actinides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WDIHJSXYQDMJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ba+2] WDIHJSXYQDMJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001626 barium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- UHYPYGJEEGLRJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium(2+);selenium(2-) Chemical compound [Se-2].[Cd+2] UHYPYGJEEGLRJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- HCQWRNRRURULEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium;potassium;dichloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-].[Cl-].[K+] HCQWRNRRURULEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001510 metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001512 metal fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OYEHPCDNVJXUIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N plutonium atom Chemical compound [Pu] OYEHPCDNVJXUIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005297 pyrex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000941 radioactive substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001631 strontium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AHBGXTDRMVNFER-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Sr+2] AHBGXTDRMVNFER-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000000859 sublimation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008022 sublimation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- OCGWQDWYSQAFTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenelead Chemical compound [Pb]=[Te] OCGWQDWYSQAFTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium(0) Chemical group [U] JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Description
陰極: XO2 + 4e− → X + 2O2− ・・・(A)
陽極: 2O2− → O2 +4e− ・・・(B)
本発明を適用する対象となる溶融塩化物は、例えば、酸化物燃料の電解還元プロセスにおいて生じる溶融塩化物である。酸化物燃料の電解還元プロセスにおいて生じる溶融塩化物には、核分裂生成物であるセレン及びテルルが陰イオンの形態で溶解している。本発明では、溶融塩化物に溶解しているセレン及びテルルを回収する。なお、溶融塩化物自体の組成(つまり、酸化物燃料の電解還元プロセス等に供する前の溶融塩化物の組成)については、例えば、塩化リチウム(LiCl)−塩化カリウム(KCl)共晶塩が挙げられるが、これに限定されるものではなく、塩化リチウムや塩化カルシウム、塩化リチウム−塩化カリウム共晶塩に、溶融塩化物の融点を大きく高めることのない範囲内で、塩化リチウム(LiCl)、塩化ナトリウム(NaCl)、塩化カリウム(KCl)、塩化ルビジウム(RbCl)、塩化セシウム(CsCl)、塩化カルシウム(CaCl2)、塩化ストロンチウム(SrCl2)、塩化バリウム(BaCl2)等から選択される1種以上の塩化物をさらに含むもの等も挙げられる。
本発明では、金属酸化物(MxO)として、以下に示す化学反応式(1)及び(2)を進行させることが可能なものが用いられる。
MxO + Se2− → MxSe + O2− ・・・・(1)
MxO + Te2− → MxTe + O2− ・・・・(2)
MxO + Li2Se → MxSe + Li2O ・・・・(3)
MxO + Li2Te → MxTe + Li2O ・・・・(4)
溶融塩化物と金属酸化物との接触形態については、溶融塩化物中に溶解しているセレン及びテルルを金属酸化物と反応させてセレン化金属及びテルル化金属とすることができる限り特に限定されるものではないが、金属酸化物の比表面積を増大させて金属酸化物と溶融塩化物の接触面積を増大させることが好ましい。また、溶融塩化物を撹拌すること及び金属酸化物を溶融塩化物中で動かすことが好ましい。これらにより、溶融塩化物中に溶解しているセレン及びテルルと金属酸化物の反応速度を向上させることができ、セレン化金属及びテルル化金属を速やかに生成させて溶融塩化物から分離させることが可能となる。
回収されたセレン化金属及びテルル化金属からは、金属が分離されてセレン単体及びテルル単体として回収される。
Seを陰極溶解した溶融塩化物を用い、Seを電解によって回収することについて検討した。
溶融塩化物中からSeを電解によって回収するための検討は、図1に示す電気化学測定用セル11を用いて実施した。
A.溶融塩化物13中に SUS棒を挿入し、付着した塩を採取
B.採取した塩試料を2倍に希釈した濃硝酸に入れ、ホットプレートで加熱しながら溶解
C.硝酸濃度を約1Nに調整し、溶液中のSe濃度を高周波誘導結合プラズマ発光分光分析法(ICP−AES、サーモサイエンティフィック製iCAP 6300)で分析
Seを陰極溶解する前に、450℃のLiCl−KCl共晶塩13中におけるCu電極及びGC電極のCV(サイクリックボルタモグラム)を測定し、450℃のLiCl−KCl共晶塩13中におけるCu及びGCの電位窓を明らかにした。
・Cu:−2.45V〜−0.4V(vs. Ag/AgCl電極)
・GC:−1.1V〜+1.2V(vs. Ag/AgCl電極)
Ic :2Se + 2e− → Se2 2− ・・・(5)
IIc:Se2 2− + 2e− → 2Se2− ・・・(6)
2Cu + Se2− ←→ Cu2Se + 2e− ・・・・(7)
Seを陰極溶解した溶融塩化物を用い、Seを化学反応によって回収することについて検討した。
Cu2O + Se2− → Cu2Se + O2− ・・・(8)
O2− + 2 Li+ → Li2O↓ ・・・(9)
Na2SeとLi2Oを溶融塩化物中に溶解し、Seと酸素が溶解している溶融塩化物中からSeを化学反応により回収することについて検討した。
PbO + Se2− → PbSe + O2− ・・・(10)
Claims (4)
- 溶融塩化物とCu 2 O,PbO,Bi 2 O 3 ,NiO又はCdOのいずれかである金属酸化物を接触させ、前記溶融塩化物中に溶解しているセレン(Se)及びテルル(Te)を前記金属酸化物と反応させてセレン化金属及びテルル化金属とすることにより電解を行わないで前記溶融塩化物から分離させる反応・分離工程と、前記セレン化金属及び前記テルル化金属を回収する回収工程とを含むことを特徴とする、溶融塩化物中からのセレン及びテルルの回収方法。
- 前記金属酸化物の比表面積を増大させて前記金属酸化物と前記溶融塩化物の接触面積を増大させる、請求項1に記載の回収方法。
- 前記反応・分離工程において、前記溶融塩化物を撹拌すること及び前記金属酸化物を前記溶融塩化物中で動かすことのいずれか一方又は双方を実施する、請求項1又は2に記載の回収方法。
- 同一の前記溶融塩化物に対して前記反応・分離工程及び前記回収工程を複数回繰り返す、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の回収方法。
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