JP6704533B1 - Electromagnetic braking device and hoisting machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides an electromagnetic brake device and a hoisting machine that can reduce the time from the braking command to the start of braking. An electromagnetic brake device according to the present invention is provided with a mover, a yoke, a braking spring that is installed between the mover and the yoke, presses the mover in a direction away from the yoke, and is disposed on the yoke, A plurality of coils that magnetically attract the mover against the spring force of the braking spring, and a current of the same direction is applied to each of the plurality of coils when the brake is released, and a current of the plurality of coils is supplied when the braking is started. A control unit that supplies a current in the opposite direction to the current that has been supplied when the braking is released to a part of the coils and stops the supply of power to the remaining coils.

Description

The present invention relates to an electromagnetic brake device and a hoisting machine including the electromagnetic brake device.

A conventional electromagnetic brake device includes a brake disc that rotates integrally with a rotor, a fixed plate provided on one side in the axial direction of the brake disc, and a fixed plate sandwiching the brake disc in the axial direction, and A magnetic plate that is provided so as to be movable in the axial direction, a spring member that presses the magnetic plate toward the brake disc, a coil that electromagnetically attracts the magnetic plate against the pressing force of the spring member, and a yoke that fixes the coil. The coil is an inner-outer double coil in which two annular coils having different diameters are concentrically arranged apart from each other (for example, refer to Patent Document 1).

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-74066

In the conventional electromagnetic brake device, when a braking command is received and the energization of the double coil is stopped, a residual magnetic flux that acts to electromagnetically attract the magnetic plate is generated. As a result, there is a problem that the time from the braking command to the start of braking becomes long.

The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and an object thereof is to obtain an electromagnetic brake device and a hoisting machine that can reduce the time from the braking command to the start of braking.

An electromagnetic brake device according to the present invention is provided with a mover, a yoke, a braking spring that is installed between the mover and the yoke, presses the mover in a direction away from the yoke, and is disposed on the yoke, A plurality of coils that magnetically attract the mover against the spring force of the braking spring, and a current of the same direction is applied to each of the plurality of coils when braking is released, and when the braking is started, A control unit that supplies a current in the opposite direction to the current that has been supplied when releasing the braking to some of the coils and stops the supply of power to the remaining coils.

According to the present invention, since the residual magnetic flux that acts to magnetically attract the mover disappears, an electromagnetic brake device and a hoisting machine that can shorten the time from the braking command to the start of braking can be realized.

It is a schematic diagram explaining the whole structure of the elevator apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the principal part of the hoisting machine which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a circuit diagram in the electromagnetic brake device concerning Embodiment 1 of this invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a braking release state in the electromagnetic brake device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state immediately after the power supply to the coil is stopped in the electromagnetic brake device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state when braking is started in the electromagnetic brake device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the electromagnetic brake device which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the electromagnetic brake device which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention.

Embodiment 1.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the overall configuration of an elevator apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of a hoisting machine according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram in the electromagnetic brake device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

1 and 2, the elevator apparatus 100 is installed in the hoistway 1 by being wound around a hoisting machine 3 installed in a machine room 2 above the hoistway 1 and a sheave 4 of the hoisting machine 3. The wire rope 5 is hung, and the car 6 and the counterweight 7 connected to both ends of the wire rope 5 are provided. Then, the hoisting machine 3 is driven, and the car 6 is guided by the car guide rail 8 to move up and down in the hoistway 1. The counterweight 7 is interlocked with the lifting and lowering of the car 6 and is lifted and lowered by being guided by a weight guide rail (not shown). An elevator control device 9 for controlling the drive of the hoisting machine 3 is installed in the machine room 2.

The hoisting machine 3 includes a sheave 4, an output shaft 3a that transmits the driving force of the motor unit to the sheave 4, a brake disc 12 that rotates in association with the rotation of the output shaft 3a, and a braking force on the brake disc 12. And an electromagnetic brake device 20 that acts on. Both ends of the output shaft 3a are rotatably supported by a support base 11 attached to the upper surface of the steel material 10. The sheave 4 is fixed to the output shaft 3a. The brake disc 12 is fixed to the side surface of the sheave 4 with a bolt or the like, and is rotatable integrally with the sheave 4. The surface of the brake disc 12 opposite to the sheave 4 serves as a braking surface 12a. The electromagnetic brake device 20 is supported by the support base 11, and is installed on the opposite side of the brake disc 12 from the sheave 4 with the output shaft 3a interposed therebetween.

The electromagnetic brake device 20 is made of a mover 21 made of a magnetic material, a brake pad 22 fixed to one surface of the mover 21, and a magnetic material installed on the other surface side of the mover 21. A yoke 23, a coil 24 mounted on the yoke 23 to generate a magnetic attraction force by being excited, and a braking spring 25 to generate a braking force. The mover 21 is attached to the yoke 23 and is capable of reciprocating in a direction toward the yoke 23 and a direction away from the yoke 23. A braking spring 25 is installed between the mover 21 and the yoke 23 and presses the mover 21 in a direction away from the yoke 23. The mover 21, the yoke 23, the coil 24, and the braking spring 25 form an electromagnet.

The electromagnetic brake device 20 configured as described above is fixed to the support base 11 with bolts or the like, and is installed with the brake pad 22 facing the brake disc 12. As a result, the brake pad 22 comes into contact with or separates from the braking surface 12a in conjunction with the reciprocating movement of the mover 21. Then, when the energization of the coil 24 is stopped, the mover 21 moves toward the brake disc 12 by the spring force of the braking spring 25. As a result, the brake pad 22 is pressed against the braking surface 12a, and the output shaft 3a is braked. As a result, the drive of the hoisting machine 3 is braked. To release the braking by the electromagnetic brake device 20, the coil 24 is energized to generate a magnetic field. This magnetic field acts on the yoke 23, and the yoke 23 has a magnetic force. As a result, the mover 21 is pulled toward the yoke 23 against the spring force of the braking spring 25 and comes into contact with the yoke 23. As a result, the brake pad 22 separates from the braking surface 12a of the brake disc 12, and the braking is released.

Here, a specific structure of the electromagnetic brake device 20 will be described with reference to FIG.

The yoke 23 is made of, for example, a magnetic material in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and an annular groove 26 is formed in the center of the surface on the mover 21 side. Therefore, the yoke 23 has a cylindrical inner pole portion 23a inside the groove 26, an annular outer pole portion 23b outside the groove 26, and an inner pole portion 23a and an outer pole portion 23b opposite to the mover 21. And a bottom portion 23c connected at the side. The coil 24 includes a first coil 24a and a second coil 24b formed in the same cylindrical shape. The first coil 24a and the second coil 24b are coaxially housed in the groove 26 by overlapping in two layers in the reciprocating direction of the mover 21. The braking springs 25 are housed, for example, in grooves 27 provided at the four corners of the surface of the yoke 23 on the side of the mover 21 and push the mover 21 in a direction away from the yoke 23.

As shown in FIG. 3, the electromagnetic brake device 20 includes a first AC power supply 31a for supplying a current to the first coil 24a, a second AC power supply 31b for supplying a current to the second coil 24b, and Equipped with. The electromagnetic brake device 20 further includes a first switch 32a provided on a power supply path between the first coil 24a and the first AC power supply 31a, and a power supply path between the second coil 24b and the second AC power supply 31b. And a control unit 30 that controls the operations of the first switch 32a and the second switch 32b. The first switch 32a switches the phase of the current supplied to the first coil 24a from the first AC power supply 31a and cuts off the current. The second switch 32b switches the phase of the current supplied to the second coil 24b from the second AC power supply 31b and cuts off the current. The control unit 30 controls the switching operation between the first switch 32a and the second switch 32b based on the braking command or the braking release command from the elevator control device 9.

Next, the operation of the electromagnetic brake device 20 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 6. FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a braking release state in the electromagnetic brake device according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a state immediately after stopping energization of the coil in the electromagnetic brake device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a state at the time of starting braking in the electromagnetic brake device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 4 to 6, hatching is omitted so that the flow of magnetic flux can be easily seen.

First, when the first coil 24a and the second coil 24b are not energized, the pressing force of the braking spring 25 acts on the mover 21. As a result, the brake pad 22 is pressed against the braking surface 12a of the brake disc 12, as shown in FIG. As a result, the rotation of the output shaft 3a of the hoisting machine 3 is braked, and the landing state of the car 6 is maintained.

Next, when a car call is generated, the elevator control device 9 sends a braking release command to the control unit 30. Therefore, the control unit 30 controls the switching operation of the first switch 32a and the second switch 32b. As a result, in-phase alternating currents are supplied to the first coil 24a and the second coil 24b from the first AC power supply 31a and the second AC power supply 31b.

As a result, currents in the same direction flow in the first coil 24a and the second coil 24b, and magnetic fluxes 35a and 35b that flow to the right in the inner pole portion 23a in FIG. 4 are generated. As a result, the magnetic fluxes 35a and 35b flow from the inner pole portion 23a to the mover 21, and from the mover 21 to the inner pole portion 23a via the outer pole portion 23b and the bottom portion 23c. As a result, as shown in FIG. 4, the mover 21 is magnetically attracted to the yoke 23 against the pressing force of the braking spring 25, and the brake pad 22 separates from the braking surface 12 a of the brake disc 12. As a result, the braking of the output shaft 3a is released. Then, the output shaft 3a of the hoisting machine 3 is rotationally driven, the sheave 4 is rotationally driven in synchronization with the output shaft 3a, and the car 6 moves up and down.

Next, when the car 6 has landed, the elevator controller 9 sends a braking command to the controller 30. Here, a case where the control unit 30 operates the first switch 32a and the second switch 32b so as to stop the energization of the first coil 24a and the second coil 24b will be described. In this case, the state where the currents of the same phase are supplied to the first coil 24a and the second coil 24b is changed to the state where the supply of current to the first coil 24a and the second coil 24b is stopped. At this time, the magnetic flux is not completely lost, and a part of the magnetic flux remains. As shown in FIG. 5, the residual magnetic flux 36 flows from the inner pole portion 23a to the mover 21, and then flows from the mover 21 to the inner pole portion 23a via the outer pole portion 23b and the bottom portion 23c. When this residual magnetic flux 36 flows through this magnetic path, a force for electromagnetically attracting the mover 21 is generated, and acts to delay the braking operation.

In the first embodiment, when the control unit 30 receives the braking command, the control unit 30 operates the first switch 32a so as to stop energizing the first coil 24a. In addition, the control unit 30 operates the second switch 32b so that the current having the opposite phase to the current that has been supplied when the braking release command is supplied to the second coil 24b. As a result, a current flows in the second coil 24b in the opposite direction to the current supplied when the brake release command is issued, and as shown in FIG. 6, a magnetic flux 37b that flows to the left in the inner pole portion 23a is generated. As a result, the magnetic flux 37b flows from the inner pole portion 23a to the bottom portion 23c, and flows from the bottom portion 23c to the outer pole portion 23b and the mover 21 to return to the inner pole portion 23a. Since the magnetic flux 37b flows in the opposite direction to the residual magnetic flux 36, the residual magnetic flux 36 is canceled by the magnetic flux 37b. As a result, the residual magnetic flux 36 that acts to delay the braking operation disappears, and the time from the braking command to the start of braking is shortened.

Further, when the braking is released, currents of the same phase are applied to the first coil 24a and the second coil 24b, which are arranged in the groove 26 forming the inner pole portion 23a so as to overlap each other in the groove depth direction. Therefore, the magnetic flux generated by the first coil 24a and the second coil 24b is not canceled. As a result, a sufficient braking release force can be secured, so there is no need to upsize the first coil 24a and the second coil 24b.

The first coil 24a and the second coil 24b are connected to the dedicated first AC power supply 31a and second AC power supply 31b via the first switch 32a and the second switch 32b, respectively. Then, the control unit 30 switches the first switch 32a and the second switch 32b at the start of braking to stop the energization of the first coil 24a and the current supplied to the second coil 24b at the time of releasing the braking. Are carrying opposite phase currents. Therefore, the control unit 30 does not need complicated control such as adjusting the current of the second AC power supply 31b so as to eliminate the residual magnetic flux.

The electromagnetic attraction force of the magnetic flux 37b is half of the electromagnetic attraction force of the magnetic fluxes 35a and 35b at the time of releasing the braking, which is smaller than the spring force of the braking spring 25, so that the braking force of the electromagnetic brake device 20 is not affected. Does not reach. Therefore, the energization of the current of the opposite phase to the second coil 24b may be continued during the braking, but it is preferable to stop the energization when the residual magnetic flux 36 disappears. That is, it is preferable to restrict the energization of the currents of the opposite phase to the second coil 24b at the start of braking.

Further, in the first embodiment, only the second coil 24b is energized, but only the first coil 24a may be energized.
Further, in the first embodiment, the power supply for supplying power to the first coil 24a and the second coil 24b is an AC power supply, but the power supply for supplying power to the first coil 24a and the second coil 24b may be a DC power supply. In this case, at the time of releasing the braking, it suffices to apply a current in the same direction to the first coil 24a and the second coil 24b. Then, when the braking is started, the energization of the first coil 24a may be stopped, and the second coil 24b may be energized with a current in the opposite direction to the current energized when the braking is released.

Embodiment 2.
FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing an electromagnetic brake device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

In FIG. 7, the mover 21A and the yoke 23A are configured by laminating magnetic thin plates 40a made of electromagnetic steel plates in the moving direction of the mover 21A.

In the second embodiment, the mover 21 and the yoke 23, which are made of a lump of magnetic material, are replaced with the mover 21A and the yoke 23A, which are made of a laminated body of the magnetic thin plates 40a. The configuration is similar to that of the first embodiment. Therefore, in the second embodiment, the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained.

In the second embodiment, the mover 21A and the yoke 23A are formed of a laminated body of magnetic thin plates 40a. Therefore, since the generation of the eddy current in the mover 21A and the yoke 23A is suppressed, the magnetic flux generated by the eddy current is reduced, and the time from the braking command to the start of braking is further shortened.

Embodiment 3.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing an electromagnetic brake device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

In FIG. 8, the mover 21B and the yoke 23B are configured by laminating magnetic thin plates 40b made of electromagnetic steel plates in a direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the mover 21B.
The other structure is the same as that of the second embodiment.

The third embodiment has the same configuration as that of the second embodiment except that the stacking direction of the magnetic thin plates 40b of the mover 21B and the yoke 23B is different from the stacking direction of the magnetic thin plates 40a of the mover 21A and the yoke 23A. Has been done. Therefore, in the third embodiment, the same effect as in the second embodiment can be obtained.

Here, in the above-mentioned second and third embodiments, the mover and the yoke are formed of a laminated body in which the magnetic thin plates are laminated in the same direction. You may comprise by the laminated body from which the lamination direction differs. Further, one of the mover and the yoke may be formed of a lump, and the other may be formed of a laminated body.

In each of the above embodiments, the two coils are arranged on the surface of the yoke on the side of the mover so as to overlap with each other in the moving direction of the mover. The number may be three or more. In this case, when releasing the braking, each coil is supplied with a current in the same direction from a dedicated power source, and when braking is started, for example, one coil is supplied with an opposite current and the other coils are deenergized. Good.

Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, the first coil and the second coil are formed in an annular shape having the same shape, and are arranged coaxially on the mover-side surface of the yoke so as to overlap in the moving direction of the mover. However, the first coil and the second coil may be formed in an annular shape having different diameters, and may be concentrically arranged close to each other on the mover-side surface of the yoke.

In each of the above embodiments, the electromagnetic brake device is described as being applied to a disc brake type hoisting machine, but the electromagnetic brake device may be applied to a drum brake type hoisting machine. .
Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, the electromagnetic brake device is described as being applied to a hoisting machine of an elevator device, but the electromagnetic brake device may be applied to braking a motor for other purposes.

3 hoisting machine, 20 electromagnetic brake device, 21, 21A, 21B mover, 23, 23A, 23B yoke, 24 coil, 24a first coil, 24b second coil, 25 braking spring, 30 control section, 40a, 40b magnetism Thin plate.

Claims (5)

A mover,
York and
A braking spring installed between the mover and the yoke and pushing the mover in a direction away from the yoke,
A plurality of coaxially arranged coils arranged on the yoke to magnetically attract the mover against the spring force of the braking spring;
At the time of releasing the braking, a current in the same direction is applied to each of the plurality of coils, and at the start of braking, a current in the opposite direction to the current applied when releasing the braking is applied to some of the plurality of coils. An electromagnetic brake device comprising: a controller that energizes and stops energizing the remaining coils. The electromagnetic brake device according to claim 1, further comprising a dedicated power source for each of the plurality of coils. The electromagnetic brake device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the yoke is formed of a laminated body of magnetic thin plates. The electromagnetic brake device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the mover is composed of a laminated body of magnetic thin plates. A hoisting machine comprising the electromagnetic brake device according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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