JP6693020B2 - 半導体装置の製造方法 - Google Patents
半導体装置の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6693020B2 JP6693020B2 JP2017062668A JP2017062668A JP6693020B2 JP 6693020 B2 JP6693020 B2 JP 6693020B2 JP 2017062668 A JP2017062668 A JP 2017062668A JP 2017062668 A JP2017062668 A JP 2017062668A JP 6693020 B2 JP6693020 B2 JP 6693020B2
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- ion implantation
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Description
A−1.半導体装置の構成
図1は、第1実施形態における半導体装置100の構成を模式的に示す断面図である。半導体装置100は、窒化ガリウム(GaN)を用いて形成されたGaN系の半導体装置である。
図2は、第1実施形態における半導体装置100の製造方法を示す工程図である。まず、製造者は、基板110を準備する(工程P100)。本実施形態では、基板110は、窒化ガリウム(GaN)から主に形成されている。
第1実施形態の半導体装置100の製造方法によれば、n型半導体層112へのp型不純物のイオン注入を行わずに、イオン注入領域形成工程(工程P110)においてp型不純物含有領域118を形成することができる。
評価試験には、以下の試料を用いた。試験者は、試料1から試料3を用意した。具体的には、試験者は、まず、第1実施形態と同じ方法により、基板110を準備して(工程P105)、結晶成長を行った(工程P110)。その後、試験者は、(i)イオン注入工程(工程P120)を行わず、熱処理工程(工程P130)を行った試料1と、(ii)イオン注入工程(工程P120)を行い、熱処理工程(工程P130)を行わない試料2と、(iii)イオン注入工程(工程P120)を行った後、熱処理工程(工程P130)を行った試料3とを用意した。つまり、試料1から試料3は以下のような関係となる。なお、試験者は、イオン注入時のドーズ量を2.6×1015cm−3とした。
・試料1:イオン注入工程無し、熱処理工程有り
・試料2:イオン注入工程有り、熱処理工程無し
・試料3:イオン注入工程有り、熱処理工程有り
図5は、第2実施形態においてイオン注入がされている状態を模式的に示す断面図である。第2実施形態の半導体装置は、第1実施形態の半導体装置100と比較して、さらに、(i)基板110とn型半導体層112との間に、n型半導体層112よりもn型不純物濃度が高いn型半導体層111と、(ii)n型半導体層112の中に、p型不純物含有領域118と交わるように配置されており、n型半導体層112よりもn型不純物濃度が高いn型半導体層113と、(iii)p型半導体層114の上に、n型半導体層112よりもn型不純物濃度が高いn型半導体層115とを備える点で異なるが、それ以外は同じである。なお、n型半導体層113は、p型不純物含有領域118と交わるように図示されているが、p型不純物含有領域118よりも下に配置されていてもよい。また、n型半導体層111と、n型半導体層113と、n型半導体層115との少なくとも一つを備えなくてもよい。n型半導体層111とn型半導体層113とn型半導体層115との不純物濃度は、いずれも1.0×1017cm−3以上であり、厚みは、0.1μmから1μmである。なお、n型半導体層115を第2のn型半導体層とも呼ぶ。ここで、n型半導体層111は、基板110への電極形成が困難な場合にドレイン電極を形成するためのコンタクト層として利用できる。n型半導体層115は、ソース電極を形成するためのコンタクト層として利用できる。n型半導体層113は、p型不純物含有領域118からの内蔵電位によりn型半導体層112が空乏化して電子が流れにくくなることを抑制できる。
図6は、第3実施形態においてイオン注入がされている状態を模式的に示す断面図である。第3実施形態の半導体装置は、第2実施形態の半導体装置と同様に、第1実施形態の半導体装置100と比較して、さらに、(i)基板110とn型半導体層112との間に、n型半導体層112よりもn型不純物濃度が高いn型半導体層111と、(ii)n型半導体層112の中に、p型不純物含有領域118と交わるように配置されており、n型半導体層112よりもn型不純物濃度が高いn型半導体層113と、(iii)p型半導体層114の上に、n型半導体層112よりもn型不純物濃度が高いn型半導体層115とを備え、さらに、(iv)トレンチ構造を有するが、それ以外は半導体装置100と同様である。なお、このようなトレンチ構造は、半導体層にトレンチを形成し、その中にゲート電極の少なくとも一部が埋め込まれているトレンチゲート構造として用いることができる。第3実施形態の半導体装置は、縦型トレンチMISFET(Metal-Insulator-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor)である。
図7及び図8は、第4実施形態においてイオン注入がされている状態を模式的に示す断面図である。図7は、第1のイオン注入がされている状態を模式的に示す断面図であり、図8は、第2のイオン注入がされている状態を模式的に示す断面図である。
図9は、第5実施形態においてイオン注入がされている状態を模式的に示す断面図である。第5実施形態において、p型不純物含有領域118は、終端部に設けられている。第5実施形態では、トランジスタやダイオードが形成されたアクティブ領域の周りを囲うように設けられおり、多重の環状に設けられている。第5実施形態では、5重の環状である。なお、5重の環状ではなく、4重以下の環状でもよく、6重以上の環状でもよい。また、p型不純物含有領域118は、環状でなくてもよく、途中に途切れた部分があってもよい。このように多重にすることで、p型不純物含有領域118の数、幅、間隔を変えることができ、所望の特性に応じた終端部を形成することができる。
本発明は、上述の実施形態や実施例に限られるものではなく、その趣旨を逸脱しない範囲において種々の構成で実現することができる。例えば、発明の概要の欄に記載した各形態中の技術的特徴に対応する実施形態、実施例中の技術的特徴は、上述の課題の一部または全部を解決するために、あるいは、上述の効果の一部または全部を達成するために、適宜、差し替えや、組み合わせを行うことが可能である。また、その技術的特徴が本明細書中に必須なものとして説明されていなければ、適宜、削除することが可能である。
110…基板
111…n型半導体層
112…n型半導体層
113…n型半導体層
114…p型半導体層
115…n型半導体層
116…イオン注入領域
116N…イオン注入領域
117N…イオン注入領域
118…p型不純物含有領域
119…p型不純物含有領域
122…トレンチ
130…絶縁膜
141…ソース電極
142…ゲート電極
143…ドレイン電極
144…ボディ電極
210…膜
220…マスク
BS1…底面
BS2…底面
BS3…底面
Claims (8)
- 半導体装置の製造方法であって、
III族窒化物により形成され、n型不純物を含む第1のn型半導体層の上に、III族窒化物により形成され、p型不純物を含むp型半導体層を積層する積層工程と、
前記p型半導体層にp型不純物をイオン注入するp型イオン注入工程と、
前記イオン注入したp型不純物を活性化させるために熱処理する熱処理工程と、を備え、
前記p型イオン注入工程及び前記熱処理工程を経ることにより、前記イオン注入がされた前記p型半導体層の領域の下方であって、前記第1のn型半導体層の少なくとも一部に、前記p型半導体層に含まれるp型不純物が拡散する第1のp型不純物含有領域が形成される、半導体装置の製造方法。 - 請求項1に記載の半導体装置の製造方法であって、さらに、
前記積層工程の後であって、前記熱処理工程の前に、前記p型半導体層にn型不純物をイオン注入するn型イオン注入工程を備え、
前記n型イオン注入工程及び前記熱処理工程を経ることにより、
前記p型半導体層の表面に、n型半導体領域が形成され、
前記n型半導体領域の下方であって、前記第1のn型半導体層の少なくとも一部に、前記p型半導体層に含まれるp型不純物が拡散する第2のp型不純物含有領域が形成される、半導体装置の製造方法。 - 請求項2に記載の半導体装置の製造方法であって、さらに、
前記n型半導体領域及び前記p型半導体層を貫通して、前記第1のn型半導体層に至るまで落ち込んだトレンチを形成するトレンチ形成工程を備え、
前記第1のn型半導体層と前記p型半導体層との積層の方向において、前記第2のp型不純物含有領域の底面は、前記トレンチの底面と同じか、もしくは前記トレンチの底面より下に位置する、半導体装置の製造方法。 - 請求項3に記載の半導体装置の製造方法であって、
前記トレンチ形成工程は、前記n型イオン注入工程よりも後に行われ、
前記トレンチ形成工程において、前記第2のp型不純物含有領域の少なくとも一部と重なる位置に前記トレンチが形成されることにより、前記トレンチの底面の少なくとも一部が、前記第2のp型不純物含有領域により形成される、半導体装置の製造方法。 - 請求項3又は請求項4に記載の半導体装置の製造方法であって、さらに、
前記トレンチの内側に絶縁膜を形成する工程と、
前記n型半導体領域と接する第1の電極を形成する工程と、
前記第1のn型半導体層と接する第2の電極を形成する工程と、
前記絶縁膜の上に、前記第1の電極と前記第2の電極との間の電流の流れを制御する制御電極を形成する工程と、を備える、半導体装置の製造方法。 - 半導体装置の製造方法であって、
III族窒化物により形成され、n型不純物を含む第1のn型半導体層の上に、III族窒化物により形成され、p型不純物を含むp型半導体層を積層し、前記p型半導体層の上に、III族窒化物により形成され、n型不純物を含む第2のn型半導体層を積層する積層工程と、
前記第2のn型半導体層にp型不純物をイオン注入するp型イオン注入工程と、
前記イオン注入したp型不純物を活性化させるために熱処理する熱処理工程と、を備え、
前記p型イオン注入工程及び前記熱処理工程を経ることにより、前記イオン注入がされた前記第2のn型半導体層の領域の下方であって、前記第1のn型半導体層の少なくとも一部に、前記p型半導体層に含まれるp型不純物が拡散するp型不純物含有領域が形成される、半導体装置の製造方法。 - 請求項6に記載の半導体装置の製造方法であって、さらに、
前記第2のn型半導体層と前記p型半導体層とを貫通して、前記第1のn型半導体層に至るまで落ち込んだトレンチを形成するトレンチ形成工程を備え、
前記第1のn型半導体層と前記p型半導体層との積層の方向において、前記p型不純物含有領域の底面は、前記トレンチの底面と同じか、もしくは前記トレンチの底面より下に位置する、半導体装置の製造方法。 - 請求項7に記載の半導体装置の製造方法であって、さらに、
前記トレンチの内側に絶縁膜を形成する工程と、
前記第2のn型半導体層と接する第1の電極を形成する工程と、
前記第1のn型半導体層と接する第2の電極を形成する工程と、
前記絶縁膜の上に、前記第1の電極と前記第2の電極との間の電流の流れを制御する制御電極を形成する工程と、を備える、半導体装置の製造方法。
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