JP6685606B2 - Crop harvester - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention, onions are cultivated in ridges as agricultural crops, withdrawing the onions, cutting the base of the foliage, the ball is released onto the ridges, the foliage is a crop discharged into the groove between the ridges and ridges. In a harvester, the present invention relates to a technique for surely dropping the foliage portion discharged laterally from the rear part of the transfer device after cutting, without accumulating in the middle of leaf discharge, into a ridge.

Conventionally, using a walking type onion harvester, the onions cultivated in the ridges are dug up and pulled out, the stems and leaves are sandwiched and conveyed upward and then the base of the stems and leaves is cut, and the onions are ridged. It is known to discharge the foliage upwards and discharge the foliage into the groove between the ridges. Then, a technique for providing a guide plate (drift leaf moving body) for guiding between the working portion of the machine body and the wheels so that the foliage portion discharged after cutting is not caught or accumulated in the final case or the like has become known. (For example, see Patent Document 1).
Further, there is also known a technique in which an axle of driving wheels is extended to the inside of the machine body, a leaf discharge guide disk is fixed on the axle, and the leaf guide groove is guided (for example, see Patent Document 2).

JP, 2001-178232, A JP, 2005-73438, A

  However, in the above technique, when the amount of onion is large, the volume of the foliage is large, or when there is a lot of dampness, the leaves discharged from the end of the transfer device are naturally dropped after being guided by the guide rod. If you do, the guide plate may stay in the middle of the guide plate, and if the stay occurs, it will be necessary to manually drop it, and it will take time and labor. When doing so, it was possible to get on the lump and raise the left and right sides of the aircraft to lower the digging accuracy. In addition, a device for separately dropping the foliage is required to forcefully drop the foliage, resulting in a complicated structure and an increase in cost.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and in a crop harvesting machine, a transport path that discharges the foliage toward one of the drive wheels is formed on the left and right sides of the machine from the feed end of the transfer device. The guide device is provided, and the structure is such that the end position of the guide device is the drive wheel position in the left-right direction to solve the above-mentioned problems. As a result, the foliage after cutting can be surely discharged to the field scene without providing a special device for discharging the discharged leaves, so that the work accuracy and work efficiency are improved.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is as described above, and means for solving the problem will be described below.

That is, in claim 1, the left and right drive wheels that travel in the furrows, the transfer device that sandwiches the foliage portion to extract and convey the crop from the field, and the crop device that separates the foliage portion with the transfer device. In a harvester equipped with a cutting device, a guide device is provided that forms a transport path that discharges the foliage from the feed end of the transfer device toward the drive wheel on one side of the machine left and right, and the end position of the guide device is set to the left and right. In the vicinity of the inner side surface of the drive wheel in the direction, and the end position of the guide device is located above the rotation center of the drive wheel at the outer diameter position of the drive wheel in a side view .
In the second aspect, the drive wheel on the side where the guide device is provided is provided with a lug on the outer circumference .

In Claim 3, the left and right drive wheels that travel in the furrows, a transfer device that sandwiches the foliage portion to extract and convey the crop from the field, and a cutting device that separates the crop while the foliage portion is sandwiched by the transfer device. In a harvester equipped with, a guide device is provided that forms a conveying path that discharges the foliage from the feed end of the transfer device toward the drive wheels on the left and right sides of the machine body, and the end position of the guide device in the left-right direction. The end position of the guide device is near the inner side surface of the drive wheel, and the end position of the guide device is an outer diameter position of the drive wheel in front of and above the rotation center of the drive wheel in a side view, and the end position of the guide device is the drive position. The height of the wheel is adjustable .

As described above, the end position of the guide device is in the vicinity of the inner side surface of the drive wheel in the left-right direction, and the outer diameter position of the drive wheel is located above and above the rotation center of the drive wheel in a side view. The part is guided to the drive wheel and comes into contact with the outer periphery of the drive wheel, and the rotation of the drive wheel accompanying the forward movement of the vehicle body prevents the foliage part from being pulled into the field scene, and the foliage part can be prevented from accumulating during the leaf discharge.
In addition, the foliage part drawn into the field will fall into the ridge, the drive wheel will pass over it, and the foliage part will be compressed and reduced in volume, avoiding interference with the transmission case and axle. , It does not get in the way when the operator walks.
Further, the foliage portion guided by the guide device is placed on the drive wheels, and can be efficiently conveyed to the furrows by the forward rotation of the drive wheels.
Since the lugs are provided on the outer circumference of the drive wheel, the foliage can be reliably transported, and the foliage that has fallen into the furrows is crushed by the lugs with high surface pressure to reduce the volume. Can be done easily.

Side view of crop harvester. Top view of crop harvester. Front view of crop harvester. The side view of a transfer apparatus. The side view of a guide apparatus and a drive wheel. The perspective view of a guide apparatus and a drive wheel. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a guide device mounting portion.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. The crop harvester 1 will be described as an embodiment of an onion harvester that harvests onions as a crop. In the following description, the F direction in FIG. 1 is defined as the front direction, and the left and right directions are defined with respect to the traveling direction of the front direction.

  As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and FIG. 4, an agricultural crop harvester 1 includes an engine 3 at a rear portion of a traveling body 2, a mission case 4 in which a transmission mechanism and a gearbox interlocking with an output portion thereof are installed, Tubular transmission cases 5 and 5 extending from the transmission case 4 to the left and right, and left and right axle drive cases 7 and 7 that extend continuously to the outside of the transmission cases 5 and 5 in the left-right direction and extend downward and forward, Drive wheels 9 and 9 attached to the left and right axles 8 and 8 pivotally supported on the front of each axle drive case 7, body frames 11 that extend forward while supporting the mission case 4, and left drive wheels A gauge wheel 12 arranged in front of 9 and attached to a body frame 11 so as to be able to move up and down, and a gauge wheel 12 extending rearward and upward from the body frame 11 and provided with a main clutch lever, a work lever, an accelerator lever, a side clutch lever, etc. Hold and manipulate It is constituted by a steering wheel 13.

  The axle drive cases 7 and 7 are configured to be rotatable with respect to the vehicle body frame 11 so as to match the height of the ridges. That is, the axle drive case 7 is rotatably supported with respect to the transmission case 5, and the length adjusting means 15 (FIG. 5) constituted by a screw shaft or the like is arranged between the body frame 11 and the axle drive case 7. The height of the traveling machine body 2 can be changed by changing the length between the body frame 11 and the axle drive case 7 by the length adjusting means 15. In this embodiment, the upper end of the length adjusting means 15 is attached to the vehicle body frame 11 via a rear cover 29 as shown in FIGS. 5 and 7. Further, the vehicle body frame 11 is provided so as to be biased to the left side in the traveling direction with respect to the left and right drive wheels 9 and 9, and the left and right drive wheels 9 and 9 run in the groove portions on both sides of the four-row ridge, and the left side 2 It enables the harvesting of four-row crops and four-way harvesting. However, it is also possible to have a configuration in which the left and right sides are biased. The right transmission case 5 and the right transmission shaft incorporated therein have a structure capable of expanding and contracting so that the drive wheels 9, 9 can adjust the vehicle width according to the ridge width.

  The working unit 10 is formed on the front and upper portions of the body frame 11. The working unit 10 is arranged at the front of the machine body, and is arranged at the rear of the vertical raising devices 17, 17 and 17 for raising the foliage portions 6a of the two onions 6 separately to the left and right. A lateral swivel raising device 18 for setting and scraping to the center of the left and right, and a lateral swivel raising device 18 disposed at the rear portion of the lateral swivel raising device 18, and holding two streak portions 6a for two rows and conveying them backward and upward. By means of a transfer device 20 for extracting the onion 6 from the soil, and a pair of left and right vibrations arranged below the front end of the transfer device 20 to vibrate the bottom ridge of the ball portion 6b to soften and facilitate extraction. It is composed of blades 23, 23 and a pair of left and right belts stretched from below the substantially middle portion in the front-rear direction of the transfer device 20 to the rear at a slant angle less than that of the transfer device 20, and holds the base of the foliage part 6a of the onion 6. And a ball conveying device 24 for aligning while conveying to the rear of the machine, A foliage cutting device 25 which is disposed above the transfer device 20 and below the transfer device 20 to cut and separate the ball portion 6b and the foliage portion 6a, and a foliage portion after cutting which is provided at the rear end of the transfer device 20. It is provided with a foliage discharging device 26 for discharging 6a laterally, and a harvested product discharging device 27 arranged behind the ball conveying device 24 for discharging the ball 6b onto the ridge. Note that, in FIG. 3, the left-side vertical raising device 17 is not shown.

  Further, the output shaft 4a is projected forward from the upper front part of the mission case 4, and the power is transmitted to the drive shaft in the power transmission case 14 which is horizontally extended from the output shaft 4a so that the transfer device 20 and the ball portion are conveyed. While driving the device 24 and the like, eccentric shafts 40 are provided at the left and right ends of the drive shaft, and via oscillating rods 41, 41 extending from the eccentric shaft 40 to the front on both lateral outsides of the working unit 10. By connecting to the upper end of the vibrating blade 23, the left and right vibrating blades 23 can be driven to swing back and forth. The plate of the vibrating blade 23 is bent in an L-shape when viewed from the front, and the upper and lower intermediate portions are swingably supported by the body frame 11. By inserting the lower horizontal portion of the vibrating blade 23 below the onion 6 in the ridge, By vibrating the vibrating blade 23 as the vehicle travels forward, the soil below the planted onion 6 is softened and the onion 6 is floated up so that it can be easily pulled out by the transfer device 20.

  The transfer device 20 winds a pull-out belt 21 between a driven pulley and a driven pulley that are fixedly mounted on a pair of left and right pull-out transport drive shafts, and rotationally drives the left-and-right pull-out belts 21 in a predetermined direction to produce an onion 6 The foliage portion 6a is clamped by the left and right pull-out belts 21 and 21 and transferred upward and rearward. A ball conveying device 24 is disposed below a midway portion of the transfer device 20 in the conveying direction, the ball conveying device 24 has shoulder alignment belts on the left and right, and the ball portion 6b of the onion 6 is horizontally rearward and the foliage portion 6a. Is conveyed obliquely upward and rearward so that the heights of the balls 6b are made uniform, and the foliage 6a of a predetermined length is removed from the balls 6b by the foliage cutting device 25 arranged above during the conveyance of the balls conveying device 24. I'm leaving it so that I can cut it. A crop discharging device 27 is provided below the rear end of the ball conveying device 24 and discharges the onion 6 inherited from the ball conveying device 24 so as to lie on a ridge so that the root can be dried. Further, after that, the work of gathering several onions 6 and binding the foliage portions 6a is easy.

  Ball guide plates 64, 64 are hung vertically downward from the vehicle body frame 11 on both the left and right sides of the ball transfer device 24. The ball guide plates 64 are long in the front-rear direction, and the crops are collected from the lower front of the ball transfer device 24. It is extended to the rear end of the discharging device 27, the lower end of the ball guide plate 64 is arranged close to the upper surface of the ridge, and when the cut onion 6 is discharged onto the ridge, it rolls and falls into the ridge groove. It guides the operator not to step on the ridge and prevents it from being damaged by being walked on by an operator who walks in the furrow or hindering walking.

  The foliage discharging device 26 arranged at the rear part of the transfer device 20 is composed of a star wheel 61 and a guide rod 62, and is arranged only on the side from which the foliage part 6a after cutting is discharged (left side in the present embodiment). It That is, the star wheel 61 is fixed on the drive shaft of the transfer device 20 on the left side, and is attached to the lower part of the rear drive pulley that winds the pulling belt 21. The guide rod 62 is formed by bending a rod into a semicircular shape and arranged along the outer circumference of the star wheel 61. One end of the guide rod 62 is fixed to the belt case or the vehicle body frame 11 on the opposite side (right side) from the discharge side. The other end is open to the outside of the rear part of the left transfer device 20. In this way, when the foliage portion 6a after being held by the left and right pull-out belts 21 and 21 reaches the end position of the rear transport path, the substantially semicircular transport formed between the star wheel 61 and the guide rods 62 and 62. The foliage portion 6a is inherited in the path, and the foliage portion 6a is discharged to the left outside of the rear end portion of the left pulling belt 21 by the rotation of the star wheel 61.

  As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 and FIG. 5 to FIG. 7, a front cover 28 and a rear cover 29 are provided from the lower side of the left pulling belt 21 to the outer side so as to cover the side of the traveling machine body 2 with a plate body. A guide device 30 is provided. The front cover 28 is configured to cover the sides of the ball transporting device 24 and the foliage cutting device 25 below the ball transporting device 24, and the upper end of the front cover 28 is fixed to the lower part of the transport frame that supports the pulling belt 21. And is extended downward.

  The front portion of the rear cover 29 is located below the rear portion of the front cover 28, and the rear portion of the rear cover 29 is located above the rear portion of the axle drive case 7 so as to cover the upper portion of the axle drive case 7. It is installed.

  The guide device 30 is disposed above the front cover 28 and the rear cover 29, and extends from the transport end position of the transfer device 20 to the upper inner side portion of the drive wheel 9 on the side (left side) in the discharge direction. It is configured to cover between the pull-out belt 21 and the drive wheel 9. In this way, the guide device 30 guides the foliage portion 6a from the foliage discharging device 26 to the upper front of the drive wheel 9. Then, the soil spilled from the guide device 30 and the fragments of the foliage are prevented from entering the ball conveying device 24 and the foliage cutting device 25 by the front cover 28 and the rear cover 29, and from being entangled in the axle drive case 7. ing.

  The guide device 30 extends downward from the outside (left side) of the foliage discharging device 26 at the rear of the transfer device 20 and extends to the upper front of the front end of the axle drive case 7 on the side of the ball conveying device 24. . The guide device 30 is made of an elastic body such as rubber and has a substantially rectangular plate shape. A notch 30a is formed at the rear right side of the guide device 30 to form a start end portion, and a front left lower corner is defined as a end position 30b.

  The notch 30a is arranged so as to be fitted to the side portion of the lower cover 34 below the rear portion of the transfer device 20. The lower cover 34 is installed between the front parts of the left and right steering handles 13 to cover the upper part of the engine 3 and the mission case 4 and is located below the rear part of the transfer device 20 so that dirt, debris, dust, etc. 3 and the mission case 4 and the power transmission system. Thus, the notch 30a on the inner rear side (right side) of the guide device 30 is positioned below the foliage discharging device 26, and the outer rear side (left side) of the guide device 30 is positioned lower than the lower cover 34 on the rear part of the transfer device 20. Can be arranged as follows. Therefore, the foliage portion 6 a conveyed laterally by the foliage discharging device 26 from the rear part of the transfer device 20 is placed on the rear part of the guide device 30 without being caught by the guide device 30.

  The guide device 30 is fixed in the vicinity of the rear cutout 30a and in the vicinity of the front outside (left side) end position 30b, and the front body left-right center side (right side) of the guide device 30 is the middle of the swing rod 41 in the front-rear direction. The right side end of the front portion extends below the transfer device 20. Thus, at the same time when the vibrating blade 23 is vibrated, the front right side of the guide device 30 mounted on the swing rod 41 is swung to give vibration, and when the discharged foliage portion 6a is mounted on the guide device 30, the front left side is moved. Due to the downward inclination, the vehicle slides down, and the movement to the lower front left is promoted by the vibration.

  The vicinity of the notch 30a at the rear part of the guide device 30 is fixed to the traveling machine body 2 by a bolt or the like, and in the present embodiment, it is fixed to the upper surface of the cover 42 that covers the eccentric shaft 40 arranged at the left end of the power transmission case 14. . The front left side of the guide device 30 is attached to a support member fixed to the front part of the axle drive case 7 as shown in FIG. 7 in which the guide device 30 and the drive wheels 9 are removed. The supporting member includes a supporting stay 31, a supporting rod 32, and an up-down adjusting plate 33. The supporting rod 32 is formed by bending a bar material in an inverted U shape, and the supporting rod 32 has a lower front and a lower rear as vertical adjusting means. The adjusting plates 33a and 33b are fixed. The support stay 31 is fixed to a front lower portion of the support rod 32. A fixing hole is appropriately opened in the support stay 31 so that the guide device 30 can be fixed with a screw or the like.

  The vertical adjustment plate 33a fixed to the front lower part of the support rod 32 is fixed to the front end of the axle drive case 7, and the vertical adjustment plate 33b fixed to the rear lower part of the support rod 32 is fixed to the front upper part of the axle drive case 7. . Long holes 32c and 33d that are long in the vertical direction are opened in the vertical adjustment plates 33a and 33b, respectively, and bolts are inserted into the long holes 32c and 33d so that they can be fixed to the axle drive case 7 in a positionally adjustable manner. In this way, the height of the outer front end of the guide device 30 can be changed. With this vertical adjustment means, when the vehicle height is changed according to the height of the ridge during the operation of the crop harvesting machine 1, even if the front end of the axle drive case 7 rotates up and down, the guide device 30 with respect to the foliage discharging device 26 is rotated. The height of the front portion of the guide device 30 is also changed so that the vertical position does not change. By changing the height of the guide device 30 when the vehicle height is changed, it is possible to prevent the discharged foliage portion 6a from staying while keeping the inclination of the terminal position 30b of the guide device 30 substantially constant.

  The height of the rear end of the guide device 30 is lower than the rear end of the transfer device 20 and higher than the upper ends of the drive wheels 9. As shown in FIG. 5, the end position 30b at the front end of the guide device 30 is near the outer diameter position (near the outer circumference) of the drive wheel 9 in a side view, and is located above and above the axle center of the drive wheel 9. In other words, the terminal position 30b of the guide device 30 is extended so as to be tangential to the outer periphery of the upper front portion of the drive wheel 9.

  The terminal position 30b of the guide device 30 is arranged in the vicinity of the inner side surface of the drive wheel 9 in the left-right direction. That is, the left end of the guide device 30 is at substantially the same position as the left end surface of the left axle drive case 7, as shown in FIG. In other words, the left end of the guide device 30 is arranged close to the inner surface of the left drive wheel 9 to the extent that a predetermined gap is created. This gap is such that the foliage portion 6a does not fall from this gap.

  Further, a lug 9a is provided on the outer periphery of the drive wheel 9 to enhance gripping force during traveling to prevent slip and enhance traveling performance, and to prevent the foliage portion 6a falling on the upper portion of the drive wheel 9. It is made to fall by the forward rotation of the drive wheel 9 accompanying the forward movement of the crop harvester 1. That is, lugs 9a, 9a ... Forming protrusions of a predetermined height at predetermined intervals are formed on the outer periphery of the drive wheel 9, and the foliage portion 6a mounted on the guide device 30 from the foliage discharging device 26 during harvesting work. Is mounted on the drive wheel 9 in the vicinity of the terminal position 30b, the forward rotation of the drive wheel 9 causes the lug 9a formed on the outer periphery to perform a forward feeding action, and the foliage portion 6a does not stay and falls into the furrow. Like

  As described above, the left and right drive wheels 9 and 9 traveling in the furrows, the transfer device 20 that holds the foliage portion 6a and pulls out the crop from the field, and the transfer device 20 that holds the foliage portion 6a In the agricultural crop harvesting machine 1 provided with a cutting device 25 for cutting off a crop, a guide device 30 is provided which forms a conveyance path for discharging the foliage portion 6a from the feed end of the transfer device 20 toward the drive wheel 9 on one side of the machine body. Since the end position 30b of the guide device 30 is located in the vicinity of the inner surface of the drive wheel 9 in the left-right direction, the foliage portion 6a after cutting is guided to the drive wheel 9 and comes into contact with the outer periphery of the drive wheel 9 to advance the machine body. Due to the rotation of the drive wheel 9 accompanying this, the foliage portion 6a can be prevented from being pulled up to the field scene, and the foliage portion 6a can be prevented from accumulating during the leaf discharge. Therefore, the foliage portion 6a will not be lumped and fall into the furrows, and the drive wheels 9 will not ride on the lump and the machine body will not be inclined to deteriorate the harvesting accuracy. Then, the foliage portion 6a that has fallen into the furrow is stepped on by the drive wheels 9 passing therethrough and is compressed, resulting in a reduced volume, and avoiding interference with the axle drive case 7 and the axle 8 while the foliage portion 6a remains wide. To be Since the foliage portion 6a is reduced in volume when the worker walks, it does not get in the way.

  Further, since the end position 30b of the guide device 30 is an outer diameter position of the drive wheel 9 in a side view and is located above and above the center of rotation of the drive wheel 9, the foliage portion 6a discharged from the foliage discharge device 26 is The guide device 30 is placed on the drive wheel 9 from the end position 30b or guided, and is drawn into the field and falls into the furrows. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a device for forcibly conveying from the foliage discharging device 26. Instead, the drive wheels 9 provided in the crop harvesting machine 1 convey the foliage, and the foliage can be efficiently conveyed.

  In addition, since the lug 9a is provided on the outer periphery of the drive wheel 9 at least on the side where the guide device 30 is provided, the lug 9a comes to have an action of drawing the foliage portion 6a into the furrows, and the wet foliage portion and after rain Even in the case of work or the like, the foliage portion 6a can be reliably conveyed to the furrow without stagnation. Even when the foliage portion 6a travels in the furrow after dropping, there is a risk of slipping without a lug, but since the lug 9a is provided on the outer periphery of the drive wheel 9, the grip force is increased and the grip is ensured. You can drive to. Further, the foliage portion 6a that has fallen into the furrow is crushed by the lug 9a having high surface pressure, and the volume can be easily reduced.

  The end of the guide device 30 is supported by a support member composed of a support rod 32 and a vertical adjustment plate 33, and the support rod 32 is supported by the axle drive case 7 via the vertical adjustment means. The end of 30 is adjustable in height with respect to the drive wheel 9, and when the height of the machine body is changed according to the height of the ridges, the end position of the guide device 30 is adjusted to achieve an optimum inclination and smoothness. The foliage portion 6a can be guided downward.

6 Onion 6a Stems and leaves 9 Drive wheel 9a Lug 20 Transfer device 25 Cutting device 30 Guide device 30b End position

Claims (3)

A harvester equipped with left and right drive wheels that travel in the furrows, a transfer device that sandwiches the foliage portion to extract and convey the crop from the field, and a cutting device that separates the crop while the foliage portion is sandwiched by the transfer device. At
A guide device is provided that forms a transport path for discharging the foliage from the feed end of the transfer device toward the drive wheels on the left and right sides of the machine body,
The end position of the guide device in the left-right direction near the inner surface of the drive wheel ,
A crop harvesting machine, characterized in that the end position of the guide device is located above the rotation center of the drive wheel at the outer diameter position of the drive wheel in a side view . The crop harvester according to claim 1, wherein the drive wheel on the side where the guide device is provided is provided with a lug on the outer circumference . A harvester equipped with left and right drive wheels that travel in the furrows, a transfer device that sandwiches the foliage portion to extract and convey the crop from the field, and a cutting device that separates the crop while the foliage portion is sandwiched by the transfer device. At
A guide device is provided that forms a transport path for discharging the foliage from the feed end of the transfer device toward the drive wheels on the left and right sides of the machine body,
The end position of the guide device in the left-right direction near the inner surface of the drive wheel,
The terminal end position of the guide device is an outer diameter position of the drive wheel in a side view, and is located above and above the rotation center of the drive wheel,
The crop harvester according to claim 1, wherein a height of an end position of the guide device is adjustable with respect to the driving wheel .

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