JP3800579B2 - Harvester - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a harvester that harvests root crops such as onions from a field.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, there has been a walking type root crop harvester that cuts the foliage at the time of harvesting the root vegetable crop and releases the crop from the rear of the aircraft to the upper surface of the cocoon, while releasing the cut foliage to one side of the aircraft.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Usually, in the case of a walking type root crop harvester, the crop is harvested while running across the fence where the root crop is planted, but if the cut foliage is released to one side of the aircraft, the drive on the release side The foliage is wrapped around the wheel.
Therefore, if it is discharged outside the driving wheel, the foliage is discharged on the upper surface of the unharvested culm, which hinders the harvesting operation in the next process.
On the other hand, if the crop after being pulled out is discharged to the rear surface of the machine body and on the upper surface of the culvert on the extension of the transport path up to that time, it will interfere with the walking of the worker who follows the machine body and walks on the upper surface of the culvert.
[0004]
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a harvesting machine that can discharge a foliage part and a crop at a position where the above problems do not occur.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Accordingly, the present invention provides a left and right drive wheel that travels in the valleys on both sides of a vine planted with a root crop , a pulling and conveying device that forms a holding conveyance path that holds a foliage that grows on the upper surface of the ridge, and A lower conveying device that is provided below the conveying device and that forms a lower holding conveying path for holding the crop head after extraction, and a cutting device that is provided between the extracting conveying device and the lower conveying device to cut the foliage portion. In the walking-type harvesting machine having the above-mentioned, an engagement shaft is provided below one of the drawing belts so that the cut leaves are discharged between the machine body and one of the left and right drive wheels at the rear of the drawing and conveying device. A star wheel that is a stem and leaf discharge device that is driven and rotated integrally with this belt and that is divided into two upper and lower stages, and that has a trough with an outer diameter in the middle is provided, and a left and right pull-out device is provided. Below the rear end of the holding conveyance path between belts An inner and outer foliage guide plate extending outwardly from the rear end of the extraction belt via the inside of the latter half of the star wheel, which is a stem and leaf discharge device, is provided from the rear end of the holding conveyance path between the left and right extraction belts. The foliage part is inherited to the conveyance path formed between the inner and outer foliage guide plates, and the foliage part is released to the slope on the first side, and the discharged foliage part is wound around the driving wheel on the foliage discharge side. The harvester is equipped with a wrapping prevention plate that prevents the occurrence of damage.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 is a plan view of the whole, FIG. 2 is a right side view thereof, FIG. 3 is a left side view thereof, FIG. 4 is a front view thereof, FIG. 5 is a rear view thereof, FIG. It is a top view, and comprises a self-propelled vehicle (1) and a work part (2), and constitutes a walking structure.
[0007]
The self-propelled vehicle (1) includes an engine (3), a mission case (4) equipped with a transmission mechanism linked to an output portion thereof, and a transmission case extending from the mission case (4) to the left and right. -In case (5) (6), left and right final case (7) (8) connected to each transmission case (5) (6), and in each final case (7) (8) The left and right drive wheels (9) and (10), which are supported via the left and right axles (9a) and (10a), the mission case (4) and the left and right final cases (7) and (8) are supported forward. A vehicle body frame (11) that extends, a gage wheel (12) that is disposed on the front extension line of the left drive wheel (9) and is mounted on the vehicle body frame (11) so as to be adjustable up and down, and a vehicle body frame A steering handle (13) that extends rearward and upward from the vehicle (11).
[0008]
Also, the right (8) (10) of the left and right final cases (7) and (8) and the left and right drive wheels (9) and (10) pivotally supported by the left and right final cases (7) and (8) are larger than the left (7) and (9). By laterally offset, the left and right drive wheels (9) and (10) can travel on the troughs (15) on both sides of the trough (14), and the gage foil (12) has the trough (14). It forms so that it can drive | work a left trough (15).
Also, the right transmission case (6) that supports the right final case (8) and the right drive wheel (10) and the right transmission mechanism incorporated in the right transmission case (6) and the right transmission mechanism built in the telescopic structure are provided so that the left and right drive wheels (9) ( 10) The interval is adjusted according to the difference in the width of the ridge (14).
[0009]
Further, a work section (2) for two strips is constructed by assembling various structural elements to the vehicle body frame (11), and the work section (2) is disposed at the front of the machine body (2). 14) A plurality of onions (16) row of stems and leaves (16a) in a row are divided into left and right, and a vertical turning type weed-raising tine (17) is provided for standing the lying leaves and leaves (16a). It has two rows and three rows of weed-raising cases (18), and each weed-raising case (18) protrudes forward and obliquely downward into the soil between the onion (16) rows (14) A branch arm (19) for splitting the ball portion (16b) of the onion (16) row to the left and right, and a rear side between each weed-raising case (18). A scoring belt with locking projections for scrambling the two leaves of the stem (16a) introduced between the weeds raising case (18) to the rear side of the center weeds raising case (18) A pair of left and right scraping cases (21) having (20); Case (21) A pair of left and right belts stretched from the lower rear side to the front lower rear height from the lower rear side toward the rear of the fuselage, and the stems and leaves (16a) for two strips after being squeezed between the belts A pair of left and right pulling belts (22), which is a pulling and conveying device for pulling the ball portion (16b) from the soil substantially vertically upward by nipping and transporting it upward, and a front end side of the pulling belt (22) A pair of left and right vibration braces that are disposed below and that protrude in a lateral direction in the soil below the ball portion (16b) and help pull the onion (16) out of the soil by the pulling belt (22). A pair of left and right belts extending from the lower part of the pulling belt (22) to the lower part of the rear end part of the pulling belt (22) at a slanting angle than the pulling belt (22). Between the belts, the heads (16b) of the two strips that have been pulled out and conveyed upwardly by the pulling belt (22) are moved upward. A pair of left and right ball conveyor belts (24), which are lower conveyors for holding and transporting them to the rear of the machine body, and the ball conveyors disposed above the ball conveyor belt (24) and below the extraction belt (22). A cutting blade (25) for cutting and separating the ball portion (16b) nipped and conveyed by the belt (24) and the foliage portion (16a) nipped and conveyed by the extraction belt (22), and a left extraction belt (22) A star wheel (26) which is a foliage discharge device disposed below the rear end portion, and a ball discharge belt (27) which is a crop discharge device disposed behind the ball conveyance belt (24). ing.
[0010]
Among the components of the working unit (2) described above, those driven by the engine (3) power of the self-propelled vehicle (1), that is, the weed tine (17), the take-up belt (20), the extraction belt ( 22), the vibration blade (23), the ball portion conveyor belt (24), and the star wheel (26) transmit the power of the engine (3) with the transmission structure shown in FIG.
The work output shaft (29) extending forward from the mission case (4) via the work clutch (28) passes through the transmission cylinder (30) in the front-rear direction, and the working unit drive case (31). And coupled to a left and right drive shaft (32) supported by a bearing on the drive case (31).
Then, a pulling and conveying drive shaft (35) interlockingly connected to the intermediate portion of the drive shaft (32) via a worm (33) and a worm wheel (34) is projected upward, and the drive shaft (35 ) And the rear drive pulley shaft (36) of the left and right extraction belt (22) are interlocked and connected by chain transmission, and the left and right extraction belt (22) is rotated in a predetermined direction.
The front driven pulley shaft (37) of the pulling belt (22) is connected to the front drive pulley shaft (38) of the left and right ball conveying belt (24) and the upper drive pulley of the left and right scraping belt (20). The re-shaft (39) is interlocked and connected by chain transmission, and the left and right ball part conveying belt (24) and the left and right picking belt (20) are rotationally driven in a predetermined direction.
A crank (40) is provided at the left and right end portions of the drive shaft (32), and a front end portion of the pitman (41) extending forward from the left and right cranks (40) on both lateral outer sides of the working portion (2). The left and right vibration blades (23) are connected to the front and rear vibration blades (23) connected to the vehicle body frame (11) via the support shaft (42) so as to be swingable in the front-rear direction. To swing.
Further, the rear end of the transmission shaft (42a) extending in the front-rear direction outside the right pitman (41) is interlocked with the right end of the drive shaft (32), and the tine chain (43) for attaching the weeding raising tine (17) is attached. The right end of the upper drive sprocket shaft (44) is interlocked and connected to the front end of the transmission shaft (42), and the weed raising tine (17) of each weed raising case (18) is driven to rotate.
[0011]
As shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, the cutting blade (25) is connected to the rotating shaft (47) of the electric motor (46) attached to the upper surface of the cutting blade base (45). A C-shaped vertical safety cover (47) is provided on the cutting blade base (45) with a part of the outer cutting edge of the cutting blade (25) cut out from above and below. The notch (48) of the safety cover (47) is positioned in front of the cutting blade (25) between the holding and conveying paths of the drawing belt (22) and the ball portion conveying belt (24), and the cutting blade (25 ) A foliage introduction guide (49) is extended forward from the end of the upper and lower safety covers (47) in the rotational direction, and a circular cross section is formed on the outer peripheral side of the cutting blade (25) between the upper and lower safety covers (47). A horizontal safety cover (50) formed by bending a round bar into a C shape is provided, and the clearance around the cutting blade (25) other than the notch (45) is closed by the horizontal safety cover (50). The foliage portion (16a) between the holding position of the belt (22) and the holding position of the ball portion conveying belt (24) is introduced into the safety cover (47) (50) from the notch portion (48), and a cutting blade ( 25) is pressed and cut.
[0012]
In addition, a hexagonal cutting blade raising / lowering guide bar (52) attached to the right extraction frame (51) at a slightly steep inclination angle than the belt (24) is provided below the right extraction belt (24). 51) is fixed to the right side surface of the cutting blade base (45) by slidably fitting to the cutting blade (45), and the cutting blade (22) and the ball conveying belt (24) are separated by a cutting blade ( 25) is supported so as to be movable in parallel with the ball portion conveying belt (24), and the cylindrical body is appropriately fitted with bolts in adjustment screw hole positions (not shown) provided at equal intervals in the length direction on the guide rod (52). The cutting blade (25) is fixed and supported at an arbitrary height by tightening and fixing (53), and the cutting length of the foliage (16a) is adjusted by adjusting the height of the cutting blade (25). It is composed.
[0013]
As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the lengths of the left and right ball conveyor belts (24) are made different from each other so that the rear edge of the left ball conveyor belt (24) is located behind the rear edge of the right ball conveyor belt (24). On the rear driven pulley shaft (54) of the left ball portion conveyor belt (24), a star wheel (55) is disposed above the belt (24), and a roller (56) is disposed below the belt (24). And the ball discharge belt (27) is inclined rearward and downward from the upper side of the rear end of the right ball conveyance belt (24) and leftward in the rear view. And extending a guide rod (57) from between the left ball conveyor belt (24) and the roller (56) to the lower side (front side) of the ball conveyor belt (24). The upper (front) drive pulley shaft (58) of the part discharge belt (27) is linked to the electric motor (59). The head of the ball (16b) is inserted and passed between the belt (27) and the guide rod (57) via the star wheel (55), and at the time of the transfer, the ball (16b) is moved to the roller (56). ) And push it to the right to change the posture of the ball portion (16b) conveyed rearward in the pulling posture by the left and right ball portion conveying belt (24) to a discharge posture that turns to the left side by approximately 90 degrees. In this discharging posture, the ball discharging belt 27 is arranged and discharged from the lower end (rear end) to the upper surface of the collar 14.
Note that the lower end of the ball part discharge belt (27) does not drop the ball part (16b) from the upper side of the bag (14) and releases it, so that it can be placed on the upper surface of the bag (14). It is provided as close as possible to the upper surface.
[0014]
Further, the inclination angle (α) in the left-right direction of the ball part discharge belt (27) is set to the left side of the holding conveyance path line (L) between the left and right drawing belts (22) and between the left and right ball part conveyance belts (24). (14) By setting the angle at which the ball portion (16b) is biased and released to the upper surface, the ball portion (16b) is always aligned and released by being biased toward the left side of the upper surface of the collar (14) with respect to the traveling direction. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, for example, there are four onions (16) in one basket (14), and one round trip (two half-processes) to one basket (14). When harvesting 4 pieces of onion (16), the 2 pieces of onion (16b) harvested in the first half-process are taken to the left side of the upper surface of the reed (14), that is, reed (14) The two ball parts (16b) harvested in the subsequent half-process are released to one side of the upper surface of the basket, and the left side of the upper surface of the ridge (14) with respect to the traveling direction, that is, opposite to the first discharge position. Going to release biasing the upper surface side of the side of the ridge (14).
As a result, the central part of the basket (14) is emptied, and the ball parts (16b) for the two strips harvested in the first half process are prevented from interfering with the walking of the workers in the subsequent half process harvesting work. , Can concentrate on running operation, and the harvested ball (16b) is placed on the unharvested stem and leaf (16a), the harvested ball (16b) interferes with later harvesting, It is configured to prevent the alignment of the balls (16b) harvested during the subsequent harvesting operation.
[0015]
As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the star wheel (26) is supported on the front drive pulley shaft (36) of the left pulling belt (22) and is engaged with the lower side of the belt (22). The star wheel (26) is rotationally driven integrally with the belt (22). The star wheel (26) is provided with a groove (60) having a trough diameter of the outer diameter in the middle portion, and the star foil (26) is arranged in two upper and lower stages. It is divided and formed.
Further, the rear end portion of the left pulling belt (22) is located outwardly from the lower end of the nipping and conveying path between the left and right pulling belts (22) to the left of the rear end of the left pulling belt (22) via the inside of the groove (60) of the latter half of the star wheel (26). A conveying path formed between the inner and outer foliage guide plates (61) and (62) from the rear end portion of the nipping and conveying path between the left and right pulling belts (22), provided with inner and outer foliage guide plates (61) and (62) extending. The leaf and leaf portion (16a) is inherited, and the leaf and leaf portion (16a) is fed by the star foil (26), and the leaf and leaf portion (16a) is released from the left outside of the rear end portion of the left pulling belt (22). By constructing the foliage part (16a) from the working part (2) of the fuselage and the left drive wheel (9) to the left slope of the reed (14), the left side of the reed (14) being harvested When the cocoon (14) is not harvested, it is possible to prevent the subsequent harvesting operation from being hindered by the release of the foliage (16a) onto the upper surface of the unharvested cocoon (14). When the left cocoon (14) of the cocoon (14) being harvested has already been harvested, the release of the foliage (16b) to the top surface of the harvested cocoon (14) causes the ball (16b) after harvest to It is possible to prevent the collection work from being hindered and to prevent the foliage portion (16a) from being wound around the left drive wheel (9) on the discharge side of the foliage portion (16a).
[0016]
When releasing the foliage part (16a) between the working part (2) of the aircraft and the left drive wheel (9), the foliage drop space (63) from the discharge position to the slope on the left side of the ridge (14) The lifting wheel (64), left pitman (41), and left final case (7) of the gage wheel (12) are present in the prior art, and this is an obstacle to the release of the foliage (16a). In the lifting handle (64) of (12), the lifting operation gear case (65) above the cage wheel (12) is detoured above the foliage drop space (63) and extends to the left side of the steering handle (13). In the left pitman (41), the left pitman (41) has a bent portion (66) extending from the left crank (40) to the left vibration blade (23) by bypassing the inside of the leaf fall space (63). (41), and in the left final case (7), it corresponds to the foliage fall space (63). Avoid the final case (7) and leave the final case (7) from the front to the left side of the heel (14) and the foliage discharge shunt (67) that drops the foliage portion (16a) to the left slope. A foliage fall space (63) in which no obstacle is present is formed on the slope on the left side of the ridge (14) from the discharge position.
[0017]
Further, in order to prevent the leaf and leaf portion (16a) after being released from being caught on the spoke (68) and the axle bearing (69) of the left drive wheel (9), the inner periphery of the left drive wheel (9) A disc-shaped anti-winding plate (70) is attached to the inside of the spoke (68).
[0018]
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the weed board (71) is attached to the left weed raising case (18) on the side of the gauge wheel (12) together with the root arm (19). Then, the foliage portion (16a) lying on the trough (15) on the left side of the cage (14) on which the gage foil (12) travels by the weed board (71), the foliage portion (16a) is -Before being stepped on the difoil (12), the foliage part (16a) is stowed on the inside of the gage foil (12) by standing upright and held in the gage foil (12). 16a) acts as a weed-raising tine (17), and in the weed-raising process, the ball part (16b) is excavated from the soil, and the left weed case (21) in front of the left and center weeds It is configured to prevent the onion (16) from being pushed and rolled between the pulling cases (18) and becoming unable to harvest.
[0019]
In addition, by arranging the gage foil (12) on the side of the weeding raising case (18) and the scavenging case (20), the working part can be operated according to the height of the ridge (14). There is an effect that it is possible to easily adjust the height of (2), in particular, the height to the ground of the weed raising case (18) and the scraping case (20).
[0020]
【The invention's effect】
As is apparent from the above description, the invention according to claim 1 is a rear upper side of the holding conveyance path that holds the left and right drive wheels that run in the valleys on both sides of the pod planted with the root vegetable crop and the foliage that grows on the vine upper surface. A pulling and conveying device formed toward the bottom, a lower conveying device that is provided below the pulling and conveying device and holds a crop head after drawing and forms a lower holding conveying path toward the rear, a drawing conveying device and a lower conveying device In a walking type harvesting machine having a cutting device provided in between and cutting the foliage portion, the cut foliage portion is released between the fuselage and either the left or right drive wheel at the rear of the pulling and conveying device. The shaft is engaged at the lower side of one of the drawing belts, is driven to rotate integrally with the belt, and is divided into two upper and lower stages, and a foliage discharge is provided in the middle with a groove having an outer diameter of the valley. A star foil is installed as a device, An inner and outer foliage guide plate extending from the rear end of the pulling belt to the outside of the rear end of the pulling belt through the groove of the latter half of the star wheel, which is a foliage discharge device, is provided from the lower rear end of the holding conveyance path between the belts. The foliage part is inherited from the rear end part of the holding conveyance path between the belts to the conveyance path formed between the inner and outer foliage guide plates, and the foliage part is discharged to the slope on the first side, and the driving wheel on the foliage discharge side Since the harvesting machine is provided with a wrapping prevention plate for preventing the shoot and leaf part from being wound around the shoot, the shoot and leaf part (16a) is wound around the drive wheel (9) and the shoot and leaf part ( It is possible to prevent 16a) from interfering with the harvesting operation of the next process, and it is possible to prevent the crop (16b) from interfering with the worker's walking.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall plan view of a harvester according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a right side view of the same.
FIG. 3 is a left side view of the same.
FIG. 4 is an overall front view of the same.
FIG. 5 is a rear view of the same.
FIG. 6 is a side view of a working unit.
FIG. 7 is a plan view of a working unit.
FIG. 8 is a side view of a cutting device section.
FIG. 9 is a plan view of a cutting device section.
FIG. 10 is a partially enlarged view of a cutting device section.
FIG. 11 is a plan view of a crop discharge device.
FIG. 12 is a rear view of the work discharge device.
FIG. 13 is a plan view of a foliage release device.
FIG. 14 is a partially enlarged view of a foliage release device.
[Explanation of symbols]
(9) (10) Drive wheel
(12) Gage foil
(14) 畦
(15) Tanibe
(16) Onion (root crop)
(16a) Forage
(16b) Tamabe
(22) Drawing belt (drawing and conveying device)
(24) Ball transport belt (lower transport device)
(25) Cutting blade (cutting device)
(26) Starfoil (stem and leaf release device)
(27) Tamae release belt (crop release device)
(61) (62) Stem and leaf guide plate
(67) Forage release shout
(70) Anti-winding plate

Claims (1)

Left and right drive wheels that run in the valleys on both sides of the pod where the root crops are planted, a pulling and conveying device that forms a holding conveyance path that holds the foliage that grows on the upper surface of the ridge, and the lower side of the drawing and conveying device A walking type having a lower conveyance device that forms a lower holding conveyance path for holding a crop head after being pulled out, and a cutting device that is provided between the extraction conveyance device and the lower conveyance device and cuts a foliage portion. In this harvesting machine, an engagement shaft is supported on the lower side of one of the drawing belts so that the cut leaves are discharged between the machine body and either of the left and right driving wheels at the rear part of the drawing conveying device. Is provided with a star wheel that is a foliage discharge device that is driven to rotate in one piece and is divided into two upper and lower stages, and a groove portion whose outer diameter is the outer diameter is provided in the middle portion, and is held between the left and right drawing belts. Leaf and leaf release device from below the rear end of the pathway An inner and outer foliage guide plate extending outwardly from the rear end of the drawing belt via the inside of the groove in the latter half of the star wheel is provided, and the inner and outer foliage guides are provided from the rear end of the holding conveyance path between the left and right drawing belts. Winding that inherits the foliage part on the conveying path formed between the plates, releases the foliage part to the slope on the first side, and prevents the foliage part from being released around the driving wheel on the foliage discharge side Harvester with a prevention plate attached.

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