JP2829512B2 - Harvester - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to a harvester for harvesting root crops such as onions from a field.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, while cutting a foliage at the time of harvesting a root crop, the crop is discharged from the rear part of the machine to the upper surface of the ridge, while a walking type root vegetable that discharges the cut foliage to one side of the machine. There was a harvester.

[0003]

Generally, in the case of a walking-type root vegetable harvesting machine, the crop is harvested while running across the ridge on which the root vegetable crops are planted. When released to the side, the foliage wraps around the drive wheel on the release side. So, if you release it outside the drive wheels,
The foliage is released to the upper surface of the unharvested ridge, which hinders the harvesting operation in the next process. On the other hand, if the crop after being extracted is released to the upper surface of the ridge at the rear of the machine and further along the extension of the transport route up to that point, it will hinder the worker who follows the machine and walks on the upper surface of the ridge.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a harvester that can release a foliage and a crop to a position where the above-mentioned problems do not occur.

[0005]

However, according to the present invention, the foliage is released from between the body and one of the right and left drive wheels, so that the foliage is wound around the drive wheels and the foliage is formed. Prevent hindrance to harvesting work in the next process.

[0006] In addition, the crop is prevented from hindering the walking of the worker by releasing the crop by shifting the crop to the left or right side from the holding conveyance path to the rear of the machine.

[0007]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 is an overall plan view, FIG. 2 is a right side view, FIG. 3 is a left side view, FIG. 4 is a front view, FIG. 5 is a rear view, FIG. 6 is a side view of a working unit, and FIG. It is a top view and is formed by the self-propelled vehicle (1) and the working part (2), and comprises the walking type structure. The self-propelled vehicle (1) includes an engine (3), a transmission case (4) having a transmission mechanism interlocked with an output section thereof, and a transmission case (5) ( 6) and right and left final cases (7) connected to each transmission case (5) (6)
(8), left and right drive wheels (9) and (10) supported on the respective final cases (7) and (8) via left and right axles (9a) and (10a), a transmission case (4) and left and right final cases ( 7) A body frame (11) supported and extended forward by (8), and a gauge wheel (12) arranged on the front extension line of the left driving wheel (9) and attached to the body frame (11) so as to be adjustable in elevation. ) And the body frame (1
It consists of a steering handle (13) extending rearward and upward from 1).

[0008] Left and right final cases (7) (8)
The right (8) and (10) of the left and right driving wheels (9) and (10) that are respectively supported on the left and right sides are provided so as to be more laterally offset than the left (7) and (9). The drive wheels (9) and (10) are formed so as to be able to travel in the valleys (15) on both sides of the ridge (14), and the gauge wheel (12) is capable of traveling in the valley (15) on the left side of the ridge (14). ing. Also,
The right transmission case (6) for supporting the right final case (8) and the right drive wheel (10) and the right transmission mechanism built in the right transmission case (6) have a telescopic structure, and the left and right drive wheels (9) (10).
The interval is configured to be adjusted according to the difference in the width of the ridge (14).

Further, a work section (2) for two sections is constructed by assembling various components to the body frame (11), and the work section (2) is arranged at a front portion of the body and is provided with a ridge. A vertical weeding tine (17) for separating the left and right foliage (16a) of a plurality of rows of onions (16) to be planted in (14) and for raising the foliage (16a) in a laid state. 2 with
Weed raising case (18) having three rows of weeds, and projecting obliquely downward and forward from the lower part of each weed raising case (18) and rushing into the soil of ridges (14) between rows of onions (16) to advance onions (16) ) A rooting arm (1) for rooting the row of balls (16b) to the left and right.
9), and two foliage portions (16a) disposed between the weeding raising cases (18) and introduced between the weeding raising cases (18) are attached to the center weeding raising case (18). A) a pair of left and right rake cases (21) each having a rake belt (20) with locking projections for squeezing to the rear side;
1) A pair of left and right belts stretched from the lower rear side toward the rear of the aircraft in a front-rear and rear-height manner, and after sandwiching two foliage portions (16a) after scraping between the belts. A pair of left and right pull-out belts (22), which are pull-out and transfer devices for pulling the ball portion (16b) substantially vertically upward from the soil by being transferred upward, and disposed below the front end side of the pull-out belt (22). And a pair of left and right vibrating blades (2) that help the pull-out belt (22) pull out the onion (16) from the soil by protruding and advancing while lying horizontally in the soil below the ball portion (16b).
3) and the pull-out belt (2) at a lower inclination angle than the pull-out belt (22) from substantially below the intermediate portion of the pull-out belt (22).
2) A pair of left and right belts stretched below the rear end portion, and a ridge (1) is provided between the belts by a drawing belt (22).
4) A pair of left and right ball transport belts (24), which is a lower transport device that clamps the head of the two balls (16b) drawn upward and transported and transports them to the rear of the machine, and the ball transport belt. The ball (16b), which is disposed above the drawing belt (22) above the drawing belt (22) and is conveyed by the ball conveying belt (24), and the foliage ( 16a) and a cutting blade (25) for cutting and separating
A star wheel (26), which is a foliage releasing device disposed below the rear end of the left pulling belt (22), and a ball discharging device, which is a crop releasing device disposed behind the ball conveying belt (24). And a belt (27).

[0010] Of the components of the working unit (2) described above,
Self-propelled vehicle (1) driven by the engine (3) power, ie, weeder tine (17), scraping belt (2)
0), a pull-out belt (22), a vibrating blade (23), a ball section conveying belt (24), and a star wheel (26) are shown in FIG.
The power of the engine (3) is transmitted by the transmission structure shown in FIG. From the transmission case (4) to the work clutch (28)
A work output shaft (29) extending forward through the transmission unit (3) passes through the front and rear transmission tube (30).
1) and is interlockingly connected to a left-right drive shaft (32) which is bearing-supported by the drive case (31). A pull-out / conveyance drive shaft (35) interlockingly connected via a worm (33) and a worm wheel (34) is projected upward from an intermediate portion of the drive shaft (36). The rear drive pulley shaft (36) of the pull-out belt (22) is interlocked and connected by chain transmission, and the left-right pull-out belt (22) is rotationally driven in a predetermined direction. The front driven pulley shaft (38) of the left and right ball portion conveyor belt (24) and the upper drive pulley shaft (39) of the left and right scraping belt (20) are connected to the front driven pulley shaft (37) of the pulling belt (22). The right and left ball portion conveyor belts (24) and the left and right scraping belts (20) are rotationally driven in a predetermined direction. A crank (40) is provided at the left and right ends of the drive shaft (32), and a pitman (41) front end extending forward from the left and right cranks (40) on both lateral outer sides of the working unit (2). ,
It is connected to the upper end of a vibrating blade (23) that is swingably supported in the front-rear direction on a body frame (11) via a support shaft (42), and drives the left-right vibrating blade (23) to swing back and forth. Further, the rear end of the transmission shaft (42a) extending in the front-rear direction outside the right pitman (41) is interlockedly connected to the right end of the drive shaft (32), and the tine chain (43) for mounting the weeding tine (17). The right end of the upper drive sprocket shaft (44) is operatively connected to the front end of the transmission shaft (42), and the weed raising tine (1) of each weed raising case (18) is connected.
7) is circulated.

As shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, the cutting blade (25) is attached to a rotating shaft (47) of an electric motor (46) mounted on the upper surface of the cutting blade base (45).
A C-shaped upper and lower safety cover (47) which is supported and rotated on the lower surface side, and is provided with a partially cutout C-shaped upper and lower safety cover which covers the outer peripheral blade portion of the cutting blade (25) from above and below, is provided on the cutting blade base (45). Insert the notch (48) of the safety cover (47) into the cutting blade (2).
5) On the front side, a pull-out belt (22) and a ball section conveying belt (2)
4), a foliage guide (49) is extended forward of the end of the upper and lower safety cover (47) in the rotation direction of the cutting blade (25), and the upper and lower safety cover (47). ), A lateral safety cover (5) formed by bending a round bar having a circular cross section into a C shape on the outer peripheral side of the cutting blade (25).
0) is provided, the gap around the outer periphery of the cutting blade (25) other than the notch (45) is closed by a lateral safety cover (50), and the clamping position of the pull-out belt (22) and the clamping position of the ball transport belt (24). The foliage (16a) between the notches (48) is introduced into the inside of the safety covers (47) and (50) through the notch (48), and the cutting blade (2) is inserted.
5) It is configured to cut by pressing.

Further, a cutting blade elevating guide rod (5) having a hexagonal cross section to be attached to the right pulling frame (51) below the right pulling belt (24) at a slightly steeper inclination angle than the belt (24).
2) is provided, and a hexagonal cylindrical body (53) having a hexagonal cross section, which is slidably fitted to the guide rod (51), is fixed to the right side of the cutting blade base (45), and the pulling belt (22) and the ball section are conveyed. Belt (24)
The cutting blade (25) is supported between the ball conveying belt (24) so as to be freely movable in parallel with the cutting blade (25), and is appropriately positioned at an adjustment screw hole position (not shown) provided at equal intervals in the length direction on the guide rod (52). The cutting blade (25) is fixedly supported at an arbitrary height by tightening and fixing the tubular body (53) via bolts. The cutting length of the foliage (16a) is adjusted by adjusting the height of the cutting blade (25). It is configured to perform the adjustment.

As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the length of the left and right ball portion conveying belts (24) is such that the rear end of the left ball portion conveying belt (24) is located rearward of the rear end of the right ball portion conveying belt (24). And a star wheel (55) above the belt (24) and a roller (5) below the belt (24) on the rear driven pulley shaft (54) of the left ball portion conveying belt (24).
6), respectively, and further, the ball release belt (27) is directed rearward and downward in a side view from the upper rear end of the right ball transport belt (24), and leftward in a rear view. And the left-behind-portion conveyor belt (24)
A guide rod (57) extends below (before) the ball transport belt (24) from between the roller and the roller (56), and an upper (front) drive pulley shaft (58) of the ball discharge belt (27). ) Is linked to an electric motor (59), and is connected between the left and right ball portion conveyor belts (24) and between the ball portion discharge belt (27) and the guide rod (57) via a star wheel (55) via a star wheel (55). 16b) The head is raked and inherited, and at the time of inheritance, the ball (16b) is brought into contact with the roller (56) and pushed to the right, and is conveyed rearward in the withdrawn position by the left and right ball conveying belt (24). The ball part (16b) is changed to a release position in which the ball part (16b) is turned to the left by approximately 90 degrees, and the ball part discharge belt (27) is aligned and discharged from the lower end (rear end) to the upper surface of the ridge (14) in the discharge position. It is configured to be. The lower end of the ball release belt (27) does not drop and release the ball (16b) from above the ridge (14), but instead places the ridge (14) on the upper surface of the ridge (14). It is provided as close as possible to the upper surface.

The inclination angle (α) of the ball discharge belt (27) in the left-right direction is determined by the line (L) between the left and right pull-out belts (22) and between the left and right ball transfer belts (24). The angle is set such that the ball (16b) is biased toward the upper surface of the left ridge (14) to be released, and the ball (16b) is constantly aligned and discharged toward the left side of the upper surface of the ridge (14) in the traveling direction. By doing so, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2,
For example, one row (14) has four rows of onions (16), and one row (14) makes one reciprocation (two half steps) to produce four rows of onions (16). In the case of harvesting, the two ball portions (16b) harvested in the first half-process are released by being biased toward the left side of the upper surface of the ridge (14), that is, one side of the upper surface of the ridge (14) with respect to the traveling direction. Go, the two rows of balls (16b) harvested in the latter half of the process (16)
Ridge on the left side of the upper surface of the
4) One side of the upper surface is released and released. In this way, the center part of the ridge (14) is emptied, and the two-piece ball (16b) is harvested in the first half-process, so that the ball (16b) for the latter half-process does not disturb the walking of the worker. Then, it is possible to concentrate on the traveling work operation, and the harvested ball portion (16b) is placed on the unharvested foliage portion (16a), and the harvested ball portion (16
It is configured to prevent b) from interfering with the subsequent harvesting operation or disturbing the alignment of the ball portion (16b) harvested during the subsequent harvesting operation.

As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the star wheel (26) is supported by a lower drive belt (22) on the front drive pulley shaft (36) of the left pulling belt (22). The star wheel (26) is driven to rotate integrally with the belt (22).
0) is provided in the middle portion, and the star wheel (26) is divided into upper and lower two stages. In addition, the star wheel (26) is positioned from below the rear end of the nipping and conveying path between the left and right pulling belts (22).
Left pulling belt (2) through the groove (60) in the rear half
2) Inner and outer foliage guide plates (6
1) (62) is provided, and the inner and outer foliage guide plates (61) (6) are provided from the rear end portion of the nipping and conveying path between the left and right pull-out belts (22).
2) The foliage (16a) is inherited in the transport path formed therebetween, feed is given to the foliage (16a) by the star wheel (26), and the foliage is fed from the left outer side of the rear end of the left pulling belt (22). Part (16a) is released and the foliage (1) is placed on the slope on the left side of the ridge (14) from between the working part (2) of the fuselage and the left drive wheel (9).
When the ridge (14) on the left side of the ridge (14) during harvesting is not harvested, the foliage (16a) is released to the upper surface of the unharvested ridge (14). By doing so, it is possible to prevent interference with later harvesting work, and when the ridge (14) on the left side of the ridge (14) being harvested has already been harvested, Foliage (16
The release of b) can also prevent the collecting operation of the ball (16b) after harvesting from being hindered, and the foliage (16a) is provided on the left drive wheel (9) on the discharge side of the foliage (16a). Can also be prevented from winding.

When the foliage (16a) is released between the working part (2) and the left driving wheel (9) of the airframe, the foliage fall space (63) from the release position to the slope on the left side of the ridge (14)
Has a gauge wheel (12) lifting handle (64),
Conventionally, a left pitman (41) and a left final case (7) are present and hinder the release of the foliage (16a). However, in the lifting handle (64) of the gauge wheel (12), the gauge wheel (12) is used. ) The upper and lower operation gear case (65) is extended to the left side of the steering handle (13) by bypassing the upper part of the foliage fall space (63) from the upper part of the foliage fall space (63). In the left pitman (41), the foliage fallen from the left crank (40). A bent portion (66) is formed in the left pitman (41) so as to extend to the left vibrating blade (23) while bypassing the inside of the space (63), and further, in the left final case (7), a foliage fall space ( 63) The foliage (16) is placed on the left side slope (14) from the front, avoiding the final case (7) corresponding to the final case (7).
A foliage shoot (67) for dropping a) is provided in the left final case (7) to form a foliage fall space (63) where there is no obstacle on the left slope of the ridge (14) from the release position.

The spokes (68) of the left driving wheel (9)
In order to prevent the foliage (16a) after being released from being caught and wound on the axle and the axle bearing (69), a disc-shaped anti-winding plate is provided inside the spoke (68) inside the left driving wheel (9). (70) is attached.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, a weeding plate (71) is attached to the left weeding raising case (18) on the gauge wheel (12) side together with the rooting arm (19). Gauge foil (12) by the weed board (71)
The foliage (16a) lying on the valley (15) on the left side of the ridge (14) on which the globe runs (14) is moved before the foliage (16a) is stepped on the gage foil (12).
2) By causing the stem and leaves (16a) to be stepped and held by the gauge foil (12), the weeding tine (17) acts on the stem and leaves (16a), thereby causing the plant to grow. In the raising process, the ball portion (16b) is dug out of the soil, and the onion (18) is pushed and rolled between the left and center weeding raising cases (18) in front of the left raking case (21). It is configured to prevent unharvesting.

By arranging the gauge foil (12) on the side of the weed raising case (18) and the scraping case (20), the working unit (2) can be changed according to the height of the ridge (14). ), In particular, the height of the weed raising case (18) and the scraping case (20) with respect to the ground can be easily adjusted.

[0020]

As is apparent from the above embodiments, the present invention is characterized in that the left and right driving wheels (9) (10) running on the valleys (15) on both sides of the ridge (14) on which the root crop (16) is planted are provided. ,
A pull-out transport device (2) that forms a clamping transport path for clamping the foliage (16a) growing on the upper surface of the ridge (14) toward the rear upper side.
2) a lower transport device (24) provided below the pull-out transport device (22) to form a lower gripping transport route for gripping the head of the crop (16b) after the pulling out toward the rear; 22) and the lower conveying device (24).
6a), a cutting device (25) for cutting the foliage (16a) at the rear of the drawing and conveying device (22). The foliage release device (26) that discharges the foliage (16) between the drive wheel (9) and the foliage (16a) hinders the harvesting operation in the next step. Can be prevented.

The left and right drive wheels (9) and (10) running on the valleys (15) on both sides of the ridge (14) on which the root crop (16) is planted, and the foliage (1) growing on the upper surface of the ridge (14).
6a) a pulling and conveying device (22) for forming a holding and conveying path toward the upper rear, and a lower holding and conveying device provided below the pulling and conveying device (22) for holding the head of the crop (16b) after the drawing. Lower conveying device (2
4), pull-out transfer device (22) and lower transfer device (24)
A cutting device (2) for cutting the foliage (16a) between them
5) In the walking type harvester, the crop (16b) is placed on the rear side of the lower transport device (24) in a sideways posture, and is shifted to one of the right and left sides from the holding transport path line (L). With a crop release device (27) that releases
The crop (16b) can be prevented from obstructing the walking of the worker.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall plan view of a harvester according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an overall right side view of the same.

FIG. 3 is an overall left side view of the same.

FIG. 4 is an overall front view of the same.

FIG. 5 is an overall rear view of the same.

FIG. 6 is a side view of a working unit.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of a working unit.

FIG. 8 is a side view of the cutting device.

FIG. 9 is a plan view of a cutting device.

FIG. 10 is a partially enlarged view of a cutting device.

FIG. 11 is a plan view of a crop discharging device.

FIG. 12 is a rear view of the crop discharge device.

FIG. 13 is a plan view of a foliage releasing device.

FIG. 14 is a partially enlarged view of a foliage releasing device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 (9) (10) Drive wheel (14) Row (15) Valley (16) Onion (root vegetable crop) (16a) Foliage (16b) Ball (22) Pull-out belt (pull-out transport device) (24) Ball Conveying belt (lower conveying device) (25) Cutting blade (cutting device) (26) Star wheel (foliage releasing device) (27) Ball release belt (crop releasing device)

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Nobuyuki Irie 428 Enami, Okayama-shi In the company of Seirei Kogyo Co., Ltd. Kaihei 8-56445 (JP, A) JP-B 8-17622 (JP, B2) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) A01D 13/00-33/14

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A left-right drive wheel that travels in a valley on both sides of a ridge on which root crops are planted, a pulling and conveying device that forms a holding and conveying path for holding foliage growing on the upper surface of the ridge upward and rearward, and a pulling out device. A lower conveying device that is provided below the conveying device and forms a lower holding conveying path for holding the crop head after pulling toward the rear, and a cutting device that is provided between the pulling conveying device and the lower conveying device to cut foliage. in walk-harvester with bets, harvest, characterized in that the leaves and stems after cutting the rear portion of the withdrawing conveyor device equipped with the foliage emitting device that emits between one of the left and right drive wheels and body Machine. 2. A left-right drive wheel that travels in a valley on both sides of a ridge on which root crops are planted, a pulling and conveying device that forms a holding and conveying path for holding foliage growing on the upper surface of the ridge toward a rear upper direction, and a drawing. A pair of left and right ball transport belts , which are lower transport devices that are provided below the transport device and hold the lower crop transport path that clamps the head of the crop after being drawn back, and between the pull transport device and the lower transport device In a walking type harvester having a cutting device provided for cutting a foliage, a crop is discharged in a laterally inclined posture behind the lower transport device, and is shifted to one of the right and left sides from the holding transport path line. It is a crop emission device
Equipped with a ball release belt , left ball from the rear end of the right ball conveyor belt
So that the rear end of the transport belt is located
The length of the feed belt is different, and the rear
Place a star wheel on the upper side of the belt on the
The rollers are respectively supported on the lower side of the
Side belt from the upper rear end of the right ball conveyor belt
Tilt backward and downward to the left and left to the rear
And extend from between the left ball conveyor belt and the rollers.
Extend the guide rod below the ball conveyor belt,
Star between the conveyor belt and the ball release belt and guide bar
The head of the ball portion is raked and inherited through the foil, and
At the time of splicing, make the ball contact the roller and push it to the right,
Ball conveyed rearward in the withdrawal position by the conveyance belt
The posture is changed to a release posture where the part is lying about 90 degrees to the left.
In the release position, and align it to the upper surface of the ridge from the lower end of the ball release belt.
A harvester characterized in that it is configured to discharge in rows .