JP2020099361A - Crop harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a crop harvester that is capable of reliably discharging a foliage part after cutting without being piled up in the middle of discharging waste leaves.SOLUTION: A harvester includes the left and right driving wheels for traveling a furrow ridge, a transfer device for holding a foliage part and pulling crops from a field and conveying them, and a cutting device for separating the crops while holding the foliage part in the transfer device. A guide device for forming a conveyance path for discharging the foliage part is provided from the feed termination of the transfer device toward the driving wheels of one side in left and right of a machine body, and the guide device is arranged in the upper part more than the rotation center of the driving wheel. The end position of the guide device overlaps with an outer diameter of the driving wheel in the side view. The end position of the guide device is extended to the inside surface of the driving wheel in the horizontal direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention is a crop harvester that pulls out a crop, cuts the base of the foliage, and discharges the foliage into the groove between the ridges, and the foliage discharged laterally from the rear of the transfer device after cutting is discharged. The present invention relates to a technique for reliably dropping foliage into a furrow without accumulating in the middle of leaves.

Conventionally, using a walking type onion harvester, the onions cultivated in the ridges are dug up and pulled out, the stems and leaves are sandwiched and conveyed upward and then the base of the stems and leaves is cut, and the onions are ridged. It is known to discharge the above and discharge the foliage into the groove between the ridges. Then, a technique of providing a guide plate (moving leaf moving body) for guiding between the working portion of the machine body and the wheels so that the foliage discharged after cutting is not caught or accumulated in the final case or the like has become known. (For example, see Patent Document 1). Further, there is also known a technique in which an axle of a drive wheel is extended to the inside of the machine body, a leaf discharge guide disk is fixed on the axle, and the leaf guide groove is guided (for example, see Patent Document 2).

JP, 2001-178232, A JP, 2005-73438, A

However, in the above technique, when the amount of onion is large, the volume of the foliage is large, or there is a lot of dampness, the leaves discharged from the end of the transfer device are naturally dropped after being guided by the guide rod. If you do, the guide plate may stay in the middle of the guide plate, and if the stay occurs, it will be necessary to manually drop it, and it will take time and labor. When doing so, one side on the left and right side of the body climbed up by riding on the lump, and the digging accuracy sometimes decreased. In addition, a device for dropping the foliage forcibly drops is required, which complicates the structure and increases the cost.

The present invention has been made in view of the above situation, and in a crop harvester, a guide device that forms a transport path that discharges the foliage from the feed end of the transfer device toward the drive wheels on the left and right sides of the machine. Is provided and the guide device is located above the center of rotation of the drive wheels to try to eliminate the above problem. As a result, the foliage part after cutting can be surely discharged to the field scene without providing a special device for discharging the discharged leaves, so that the work accuracy and work efficiency are improved.

The problem to be solved by the present invention is as described above, and means for solving the problem will be described below.

That is, in claim 1, the left and right drive wheels that travel in the furrows, the transfer device that sandwiches the foliage portion to extract and convey the crop from the field, and the crop device that separates the crop portion while the foliage portion is sandwiched by the transfer device. In a harvester equipped with a cutting device, a guide device is provided that forms a transport path that discharges the foliage from the feed end of the transfer device toward the drive wheels on the left and right sides of the machine body, and the guide device is provided for the drive wheels. It is above the center of rotation.

In the second aspect, the end position of the guide device overlaps with the outer diameter of the drive wheel in a side view.
In the third aspect, the end position of the guide device extends in the left-right direction to the inner side surface of the drive wheel.

According to the present invention, the foliage part after cutting is guided to the drive wheel and comes into contact with the outer periphery of the drive wheel, and the foliage part is pulled into the field scene by the rotation of the drive wheel accompanying the forward movement of the aircraft, and the foliage part is discharged. It can be prevented from staying in the middle of leaves. The foliage that was drawn into the field will fall into the furrows, the drive wheel will pass over it, and the foliage will be compressed and reduced in volume, avoiding interference with the transmission case and axles. Does not get in the way when walking. Further, the foliage portion guided by the guide device is placed on the drive wheels, and can be efficiently conveyed to the furrows by the forward rotation of the drive wheels.

Side view of crop harvester. Top view of crop harvester. Front view of crop harvester. The side view of a transfer apparatus. The side view of a guide apparatus and a drive wheel. The perspective view of a guide apparatus and a drive wheel. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a guide device mounting portion.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. The crop harvester 1 will be described as an embodiment of an onion harvester that harvests onions as crops. In the following description, the F direction in FIG. 1 is defined as the front direction, and the left and right directions are defined with respect to the traveling direction of the front direction.

As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and FIG. 4, the agricultural crop harvester 1 includes an engine 3 at the rear of the traveling machine body 2, a mission case 4 in which a transmission mechanism and a gearbox interlocking with the output portion thereof are installed, Cylindrical transmission cases 5 and 5 extending from the transmission case 4 to the left and right, and left and right axle drive cases 7 and 7 that are connected to the outside of the transmission cases 5 and 5 in the left-right direction and extend forward and downward, Drive wheels 9 and 9 attached to the left and right axles 8 and 8 pivotally supported on the front of each axle drive case 7, body frames 11 that extend forward while supporting the mission case 4, and left drive wheels A gauge wheel 12 arranged in front of 9 and attached to a vehicle body frame 11 so as to be able to move up and down, and extending rearward and upward from the vehicle body frame 11 are provided with a main clutch lever, a work lever, an accelerator lever, a side clutch lever, and the like. It is composed of a steering handle 13 and the like that is gripped and operated.

The axle drive cases 7 and 7 are configured to be rotatable with respect to the vehicle body frame 11 so as to match the height of the ridges. That is, the axle drive case 7 is rotatably supported with respect to the transmission case 5, and the length adjusting means 15 (FIG. 5) constituted by a screw shaft or the like is arranged between the body frame 11 and the axle drive case 7. The height of the traveling machine body 2 can be changed by changing the length between the body frame 11 and the axle drive case 7 by the length adjusting means 15. In this embodiment, the upper end of the length adjusting means 15 is attached to the vehicle body frame 11 via a rear cover 29 as shown in FIGS. 5 and 7. Further, the vehicle body frame 11 is provided so as to be biased to the left side in the traveling direction with respect to the left and right drive wheels 9 and 9, and the left and right drive wheels 9 and 9 travel in the grooves on both sides of the four-row ridge, and the left side 2 It enables harvesting of four crops and four round trips. However, it is also possible to have a configuration in which the left and right sides are biased. The right transmission case 5 and the right transmission shaft incorporated therein have a structure capable of expanding and contracting so that the drive wheels 9, 9 can adjust the vehicle width according to the ridge width.

The working unit 10 is formed on the front and upper portions of the body frame 11. The working unit 10 is arranged on the front part of the machine body, and is arranged on the longitudinal turning-up device 17, 17, 17 for raising the foliage part 6a of the two-row onion 6 to the left and right, and the rear part of each vertical turning-up device 17. A horizontal swivel raising device 18 for setting and scraping to the center of the left and right, and a lateral swivel raising device 18 arranged at the rear part, and holding two streak portions 6a for two lines and conveying them backward and upward. By means of a transfer device 20 for extracting the onion 6 from the soil, and a pair of left and right vibrations arranged below the front end of the transfer device 20 to vibrate the bottom ridge of the ball portion 6b to soften it for easy extraction. It is composed of blades 23, 23 and a pair of left and right belts stretched from below a substantially middle portion in the front-rear direction of the transfer device 20 to the rear at a slanting angle less than that of the transfer device 20, and holds the base of the foliage part 6a of the onion 6. And a ball conveying device 24 for aligning while conveying to the rear of the machine body, and a foliage cutting device 25 arranged above the ball conveying device 24 and below the transfer device 20 for cutting and separating the sphere 6b and the foliage 6a. A foliage discharging device 26 which is disposed at the rear end of the transfer device 20 and discharges the cut foliage portion 6a to the side, and a foliage conveying device 24 which is disposed behind the ridge and leaf portion 6b. And a harvest discharge device 27 for discharging the harvested product. Note that, in FIG. 3, the left-side vertical raising device 17 is not shown.

Further, the output shaft 4a is projected forward from the front upper part of the mission case 4, and the power is transmitted to the drive shaft in the power transmission case 14 which is horizontally extended from the output shaft 4a so that the transfer device 20 and the ball portion are conveyed. While driving the device 24 and the like, eccentric shafts 40 are provided at the left and right ends of the drive shaft, and via oscillating rods 41, 41 extending forward from the eccentric shaft 40 on both lateral outer sides of the working unit 10. By connecting with the upper end of the vibrating blade 23, the left and right vibrating blades 23 can be driven to swing back and forth. The plate of the vibrating blade 23 is bent in an L shape when viewed from the front, and the upper and lower midway portions are swingably supported by the body frame 11. By inserting the lower horizontal portion of the vibrating blade 23 below the onion 6 in the ridge. By vibrating the vibrating blade 23 as the vehicle travels forward, the soil below the planted onion 6 is softened and the onion 6 is floated up so that it can be easily pulled out by the transfer device 20.

The transfer device 20 winds a pulling belt 21 between a drive pulley and a driven pulley that are fixedly mounted on a pair of left and right pulling and conveying drive shafts, and rotationally drives the left and right pulling belts 21 and 21 in a predetermined direction to produce an onion 6 The foliage portion 6a is clamped by the left and right pull-out belts 21 and transferred to the upper rear. A ball conveying device 24 is arranged below a midway portion in the conveying direction of the transfer device 20, the ball conveying device 24 has shoulder alignment belts on the left and right, and the ball portion 6b of the onion 6 is horizontally rearward and the foliage portion 6a. Is conveyed obliquely upward and rearward so that the heights of the balls 6b are aligned, and the foliage cutting device 25 disposed above the balls conveying device 24 moves the balls 6b to remove the foliage 6a of a predetermined length. It is left so that it can be cut. A crop discharging device 27 is provided below the rear end of the ball conveying device 24 and discharges the onion 6 inherited from the ball conveying device 24 so as to lie on the ridge so that the root can be dried. Further, after that, the work of collecting several onions 6 and binding the foliage portions 6a is easy.

Ball guide plates 64, 64 are hung vertically downward from the vehicle body frames 11 on both right and left sides of the ball transfer device 24. The ball guide plates 64 are long in the front-rear direction. It is extended to the rear end of the discharging device 27, the lower end of the ball guide plate 64 is arranged close to the upper surface of the ridge, and when the cut onion 6 is discharged onto the ridge, it rolls and falls into the ridge groove. It guides the operator not to step on the ridge and prevents it from being damaged by being stepped on by a worker walking in the furrow or hindering the walking.

The foliage discharging device 26 arranged at the rear part of the transfer device 20 is composed of a star wheel 61 and a guide rod 62, and is arranged only on the side from which the foliage part 6a after cutting is discharged (left side in this embodiment). It That is, the star wheel 61 is fixed on the drive shaft of the transfer device 20 on the left side, and is attached to the lower part of the rear drive pulley that winds the pulling belt 21. The guide rod 62 is formed by bending a rod into a semicircular shape and arranged along the outer periphery of the star wheel 61. One end of the guide rod 62 is fixed to the belt case or the vehicle body frame 11 on the opposite side (right side) from the discharge side. , The other end is open outward of the rear part of the left transfer device 20. Thus, when the foliage portion 6a after being held by the left and right pull-out belts 21 and 21 reaches the rear end of the conveyance path, the substantially semicircular conveyance formed between the star wheel 61 and the guide rods 62 and 62. The foliage portion 6a is inherited in the path, and the foliage portion 6a is discharged to the left outside of the rear end portion of the left pulling belt 21 by the rotation of the star wheel 61.

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 and FIG. 5 to FIG. 7, a front cover 28 and a rear cover 29 are provided from the lower side of the left pulling belt 21 to the outer side so as to cover the side of the traveling machine body 2 with a plate body. A guide device 30 is provided. The front cover 28 is configured to cover the sides of the ball conveying device 24 and the foliage cutting device 25 below the ball conveying device 24, and the upper end of the front cover 28 is fixed to the lower portion of the conveying frame that supports the pulling belt 21. It is extended downward.

The front portion of the rear cover 29 is located below the rear portion of the front cover 28, and the rear portion of the rear cover 29 is located above the rear portion of the axle drive case 7 so as to cover the upper portion of the axle drive case 7. It is installed.

The guide device 30 is disposed above the front cover 28 and the rear cover 29, and extends from the transport end position of the transfer device 20 to the upper inner side portion of the drive wheel 9 on the side (left side) in the discharging direction. It is configured to cover between the pull-out belt 21 and the drive wheel 9. In this way, the guide device 30 guides the foliage portion 6 a from the foliage discharging device 26 to the upper front of the drive wheel 9. The soil spilled from the guide device 30 and the fragments of the foliage are prevented from entering the ball conveying device 24 and the foliage cutting device 25 by the front cover 28 and the rear cover 29, and from being entangled in the axle drive case 7. ing.

The guide device 30 extends downward from the outside (left side) of the foliage discharging device 26 at the rear of the transfer device 20 to the upper front of the front end of the axle drive case 7 on the side of the ball conveying device 24. .. The guide device 30 is composed of a substantially rectangular plate body made of an elastic material such as rubber, has a notch 30a formed at the rear right side thereof as a start end portion, and a front left lower corner portion as a end position 30b.

The notch 30a is arranged so as to be fitted to the side portion of the lower cover 34 below the rear portion of the transfer device 20. The lower cover 34 is installed between the front parts of the left and right steering handles 13 to cover the upper part of the engine 3 and the mission case 4 and is located below the rear part of the transfer device 20 so that dirt, debris, dust, etc. 3 and the mission case 4 and the power transmission system. Thus, the notch 30a on the inner rear side (right side) of the guide device 30 is positioned below the foliage discharging device 26, and the outer rear side (left side) of the guide device 30 is positioned lower than the lower cover 34 on the rear part of the transfer device 20. Can be arranged to be. Therefore, the foliage portion 6a laterally conveyed by the foliage discharging device 26 from the rear portion of the transfer device 20 is placed on the rear portion of the guide device 30 without being caught by the guide device 30.

The guide device 30 is fixed in the vicinity of the rear cutout 30a and in the vicinity of the front end outside (left side) end position 30b, and the front body left-right center side (right side) of the guide device 30 is the middle of the swing rod 41 in the front-rear direction. The right side end of the front portion extends below the transfer device 20. Thus, at the same time as the vibrating blade 23 is vibrated, the front right side of the guide device 30 mounted on the swing rod 41 is swung to give vibration, and when the discharged foliage portion 6a is mounted on the guide device 30, the front left The downward inclination causes the vehicle to slide down, and the movement to the lower left in the front direction is promoted by the vibration.

The vicinity of the notch 30a at the rear portion of the guide device 30 is fixed to the traveling machine body 2 by a bolt or the like, and in the present embodiment, it is fixed to the upper surface of the cover 42 that covers the eccentric shaft 40 arranged at the left end of the power transmission case 14. .. The front left side of the guide device 30 is attached to a support member fixed to the front part of the axle drive case 7 as shown in FIG. 7 in which the guide device 30 and the drive wheels 9 are removed. The supporting member includes a supporting stay 31, a supporting rod 32, and an up-down adjusting plate 33. The supporting rod 32 is formed by bending a rod into an inverted U-shape, and the supporting rod 32 has a lower front and a lower rear as vertical adjusting means. The adjusting plates 33a and 33b are fixed. The support stay 31 is fixed to the upper front lower portion of the support rod 32. A fixing hole is appropriately opened in the support stay 31 so that the guide device 30 can be fixed with a screw or the like.

A vertical adjustment plate 33a fixed to the front lower portion of the support rod 32 is fixed to the front end of the axle drive case 7, and a vertical adjustment plate 33b fixed to the rear lower portion of the support rod 32 is fixed to the front upper portion of the axle drive case 7. .. Long holes 32c and 33d that are long in the vertical direction are opened in the vertical adjustment plates 33a and 33b, respectively, and bolts are inserted into the long holes 32c and 33d so that they can be fixed to the axle drive case 7 in a positionally adjustable manner. In this way, the height of the outer front end of the guide device 30 can be changed. When the vehicle height is changed according to the height of the ridge during the operation of the crop harvesting machine 1 by this vertical adjustment means, even if the front end of the axle drive case 7 is vertically rotated, the guide device 30 with respect to the foliage discharging device 26 is moved. The height of the front part of the guide device 30 is also changed so that the vertical position does not change. By changing the height of the guide device 30 at the time of changing the vehicle height, the inclination of the end position 30b of the guide device 30 is made substantially constant and the discharged leaves 6a can be prevented from staying.

The height of the rear end of the guide device 30 is lower than the rear end of the transfer device 20 and higher than the upper ends of the drive wheels 9. As shown in FIG. 5, the end position 30b at the front end of the guide device 30 is near the outer diameter position (near the outer periphery) of the drive wheel 9 in a side view and is located above and above the axle center of the drive wheel 9. In other words, the end position 30b of the guide device 30 is extended so as to be tangential to the outer periphery of the upper front portion of the drive wheel 9.

The terminal position 30b of the guide device 30 is arranged so as to be in the vicinity of the inner surface of the drive wheel 9 in the left-right direction. That is, the left end of the guide device 30 is located at substantially the same position as the left end surface of the left axle drive case 7, as shown in FIG. In other words, the left end of the guide device 30 is arranged close to the inner surface of the left drive wheel 9 to the extent that a predetermined gap is created. This gap is such that the foliage portion 6a does not fall from this gap.

Further, a lug 9a is provided on the outer periphery of the drive wheel 9, which enhances grip force during traveling to prevent slipping and enhances traveling performance, and prevents the foliage portion 6a that has fallen on the upper portion of the drive wheel 9. It is made to fall forward by the forward rotation of the drive wheel 9 accompanying the forward movement of the crop harvester 1. That is, lugs 9a, 9a... Forming protrusions of a predetermined height at predetermined intervals are formed on the outer periphery of the drive wheel 9, and the foliage portion 6a mounted on the guide device 30 from the foliage discharging device 26 during harvesting work. Is mounted on the drive wheel 9 in the vicinity of the terminal position 30b, and the forward rotation of the drive wheel 9 causes the lug 9a formed on the outer periphery to perform a forward feeding action, so that the foliage portion 6a does not stay and falls into the furrow. Like

As described above, the left and right drive wheels 9 and 9 traveling in the furrows, the transfer device 20 for sandwiching the foliage portion 6a to extract and convey the crop from the field, and the state in which the foliage portion 6a is sandwiched by the transfer device 20 In the agricultural crop harvesting machine 1 including a cutting device 25 for cutting off a crop, a guide device 30 is provided which forms a transport path for discharging the foliage portion 6a from the feed end of the transfer device 20 toward the drive wheel 9 on one side of the machine left and right. Since the end position 30b of the guide device 30 is located in the vicinity of the inner surface of the drive wheel 9 in the left-right direction, the foliage portion 6a after cutting is guided to the drive wheel 9 and comes into contact with the outer periphery of the drive wheel 9 to advance the machine body. Due to the rotation of the drive wheel 9 accompanied therewith, the foliage portion 6a can be prevented from being pulled up to the field scene, and the foliage portion 6a can be prevented from accumulating during leaf discharge. Therefore, the foliage portion 6a will not clump and fall into the furrows, and the drive wheels 9 will not ride on the clump and the machine body will tilt and the harvesting accuracy will not deteriorate. Then, the foliage portion 6a that has fallen in the furrow is stepped on by the drive wheels 9 passing thereover and compressed, resulting in a reduced volume, and avoiding interference with the axle drive case 7 and the axle 8 while the foliage portion 6a remains expanded. To be Since the volume of the foliage portion 6a is reduced when the worker walks, it does not get in the way.

Further, the end position 30b of the guide device 30 is the outer diameter position of the drive wheel 9 in a side view and is located above and above the center of rotation of the drive wheel 9, so that the foliage portion 6a discharged from the foliage discharge device 26 is The guide device 30 is placed on the drive wheel 9 from the end position 30b or guided, and is drawn into the field and falls into the furrows. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a device for forcibly conveying from the foliage discharging device 26. Instead, the drive wheels 9 provided in the crop harvesting machine 1 convey the foliage, and the foliage can be efficiently conveyed.

Further, since the lug 9a is provided on the outer periphery of the drive wheel 9 on which at least the guide device 30 is provided, the lug 9a comes to have an action of drawing the foliage portion 6a into the furrows, and the wet foliage portion and after rain Even in the case of work or the like, the foliage portion 6a can be reliably conveyed to the furrow without stagnation. Then, even when traveling in the furrows after the foliage portion 6a has dropped, there is a risk of slipping without the lugs, but since the lugs 9a are provided on the outer periphery of the drive wheel 9, the grip force is enhanced and the driving force is ensured. You can drive to. Further, the foliage portion 6a that has fallen into the furrow is crushed by the lug 9a having a high surface pressure, and the volume can be easily reduced.

Further, the terminal end of the guide device 30 is supported by a support member composed of a support rod 32 and a vertical adjustment plate 33, and the support rod 32 is supported by the axle drive case 7 via the vertical adjustment means. The end of 30 is adjustable in height with respect to the drive wheel 9, and when the height of the machine body is changed according to the height of the ridge, the end position of the guide device 30 is adjusted to achieve an optimum inclination and smoothness. The foliage portion 6a can be guided downward.

6 Onion 6a Stem and leaf portion 9 Drive wheel 9a Lug 20 Transfer device 25 Cutting device 30 Guide device 30b End position

Claims (3)

A harvester equipped with left and right drive wheels that travel in the furrows, a transfer device that holds the foliage part and pulls out and conveys the crop from the field, and a cutting device that separates the crop while holding the foliage part by the transfer device At
A guide device is provided that forms a transport path that discharges the foliage from the feed end of the transfer device toward the drive wheels on the left and right sides of the machine.
The agricultural crop harvester, wherein the guide device is located above the center of rotation of the drive wheel. The crop harvester according to claim 1, wherein an end position of the guide device overlaps with an outer diameter of the drive wheel in a side view. The crop harvesting machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the end position of the guide device is extended to the inner side surface of the drive wheel in the left-right direction.

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