JP6681785B2 - 車両 - Google Patents
車両 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6681785B2 JP6681785B2 JP2016101885A JP2016101885A JP6681785B2 JP 6681785 B2 JP6681785 B2 JP 6681785B2 JP 2016101885 A JP2016101885 A JP 2016101885A JP 2016101885 A JP2016101885 A JP 2016101885A JP 6681785 B2 JP6681785 B2 JP 6681785B2
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- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- driving force
- target
- power
- power source
- vehicle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 77
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 nickel hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
- B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
- B60W20/15—Control strategies specially adapted for achieving a particular effect
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/34—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles
- B60K17/356—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having fluid or electric motor, for driving one or more wheels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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- B60K6/448—Electrical distribution type
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
- B60K6/48—Parallel type
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
- B60K6/52—Driving a plurality of drive axles, e.g. four-wheel drive
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- B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
- B60K7/0007—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor being electric
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- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/02—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of driveline clutches
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- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
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- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
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- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
- B60W20/40—Controlling the engagement or disengagement of prime movers, e.g. for transition between prime movers
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- B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
- B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
- B60W30/188—Controlling power parameters of the driveline, e.g. determining the required power
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- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
- B60K17/043—Transmission unit disposed in on near the vehicle wheel, or between the differential gear unit and the wheel
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- B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
- B60K2007/0092—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor axle being coaxial to the wheel axle
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- B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
- B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
- B60Y2200/92—Hybrid vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
- Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
- Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
- Y10S903/93—Conjoint control of different elements
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Description
[1.構成]
(1−1.全体構成)
図1は、本発明の一実施形態に係る車両10の駆動系及びその周辺の概略構成図である。図1に示すように、車両10は、車両10の後ろ側に直列配置されるエンジン12及び第1走行モータ14と、車両10の前側に配置される第2及び第3走行モータ16、18と、高圧バッテリ20と、第1〜第3インバータ22、24、26と、駆動電子制御装置28と、第1〜第3クラッチ30、32a、32bと、変速機34とを有する。
エンジン12は、例えば、6気筒型エンジンであるが、2気筒、4気筒又は8気筒型等のその他のエンジンであってもよい。また、エンジン12は、ガソリンエンジンに限らず、ディーゼルエンジン、空気エンジン等のエンジンとすることができる。
以下で、本実施形態の一例として、モータ16、18(第2動力源44)により駆動するEV走行からエンジン12(第1動力源38)により駆動するENG走行への切替制御について説明する。
図2Aは、時間経過に伴い変化する目標車両駆動力Aと目標伝達容量Bと目標モータ駆動力Cとリミット値C´と指示駆動力C´´とを示す図である。図2Bは、時間経過に伴い変化する目標車両駆動力Aと本発明により得られる実駆動力Fcと従来技術により得られる実駆動力Fc´とを示す図である。図2A、図2Bは、目標モータ駆動力Cがモータ16、18のリミット値C´に到達する場合の各目標値、指示値、定格値の変化を示す。なお、図2A及び図2Bでは、各目標値、指示値、定格値の変化を見やすくするために、重畳する部分をずらして示している。
図3Aは、時間経過に伴い変化する目標車両駆動力Aと目標伝達容量Bと目標モータ駆動力Cと指示駆動力C´´とを示す図である。図3Bは、時間経過に伴い変化する目標車両駆動力Aと本発明により得られる実駆動力Fcと従来技術により得られる実駆動力Fc´とを示す図である。図3A、図3Bは、目標モータ駆動力Cがリミット値C´に到達しない場合、又は、リミット値C´が設定されていない場合の各目標値、指示値、定格値の変化を示す。なお、図3A及び図3Bでは、各目標値、指示値、定格値の変化を見やすくするために、重畳する部分をずらして示している。
図4は、本実施形態における第2動力源44から第1動力源38への切替制御を示すフローチャートである。図4に示す一連の処理は、ECU28(特に記載がない場合は動力制御部56)が主体となって実行する。また、図4に示す一連の処理は、車両10が第2及び第3モータ16、18によりEV走行する最中、及び、第2及び第3モータ16、18によるEV走行からエンジン12によるENG走行への切り替えの過渡期に行われる。
本実施形態に係る車両10は、後輪42を駆動する第1動力源38(エンジン12と第1モータ14)と、前輪36を駆動する第2動力源44(第2及び第3モータ16、18)と、後輪42と第1動力源38との動力伝達経路上に設けられ、圧力に応じて解放又は締結することにより動力伝達経路を遮断状態又は接続状態にする第1クラッチ30と、第1動力源38及び第2動力源44が発生させる実駆動力Fcの目標値である目標車両駆動力A、及び、第1クラッチ30の出力限界値の目標値である目標伝達容量Bを設定するための運転者からの入力を行うアクセルペダル72(目標動力入力部)と、目標車両駆動力Aに基づいて第1動力源38及び第2動力源44を制御する動力制御部56と、目標伝達容量Bに基づいて第1クラッチ30に加える油圧Pを制御するクラッチ制御部58とを備える。動力制御部56は、第2動力源44による駆動から第1動力源38による駆動へ切り替える際に、目標車両駆動力Aと目標伝達容量Bとの比率に基づいて第2動力源44の指示駆動力C´´を求め、指示駆動力C´´に基づいて第2動力源44を制御する。
なお、本発明は、上記実施形態に限らず、本明細書の記載内容に基づき、種々の構成を採り得ることはもちろんである。例えば、以下の構成を採用することができる。
上記実施形態では、自動四輪車である車両10について説明した(図1)。しかしながら、例えば、エンジン12及び第1〜第3モータ14、16、18の関係に着目すれば、自動四輪車以外であっても本発明を適用可能である。例えば、車両10は、自動三輪車及び自動六輪車のいずれかとすることも可能である。
上記実施形態では、第1〜第3走行モータ14、16、18を3相交流ブラシレス式としたが、これに限らない。例えば、第1〜第3走行モータ14、16、18を3相交流ブラシ式、単相交流式又は直流式としてもよい。
14、14a…第1モータ(第1動力源)
16、16a…第2モータ(第2動力源)
18、18a…第3モータ(第2動力源)
28…駆動ECU 30…第1クラッチ(クラッチ)
36…前輪(車輪) 38、38a…第1動力源
42…後輪(車輪) 44、44a…第2動力源
56…動力制御部 58…クラッチ制御部
72…アクセルペダル(目標動力入力部)
Claims (1)
- 車輪を駆動する第1動力源と、
前記車輪又は別の車輪を駆動する第2動力源と、
前記車輪と前記第1動力源との動力伝達経路上に設けられ、圧力に応じて解放又は締結することにより前記動力伝達経路を遮断状態又は接続状態にするクラッチと、
前記第1動力源及び前記第2動力源が発生させる動力の目標値である目標車両動力、及び、前記クラッチの出力限界値の目標値である目標伝達容量を設定するための運転者からの入力を行う目標動力入力部と、
前記目標車両動力に基づいて前記第1動力源及び前記第2動力源を制御する動力制御部と、
前記目標伝達容量に基づいて前記クラッチに加える前記圧力を制御するクラッチ制御部とを備え、
前記動力制御部は、前記第2動力源による駆動から前記第1動力源による駆動へ切り替える際に、前記目標車両動力と前記目標伝達容量との減算により前記第2動力源の目標動力を求め、前記目標動力に1−(前記目標伝達容量/前記目標車両動力)を乗ずることにより前記第2動力源の指示動力を求め、前記指示動力に基づいて前記第2動力源を制御する
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