JP6677643B2 - Machine tool and material processing method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a machine tool and a method for processing a material.

  In recent years, a main shaft for gripping a material for processing, and an opposing shaft facing the main shaft, a control means for controlling the main shaft, the opposing shaft, and a processing tool for the material are provided. A machine tool that supports a support provided on the opposed shaft and processes the product into a product having a predetermined shape, wherein the control means cuts off a front end portion of the material as a support tool processing part and delivers the material to the opposed shaft. A machine tool that controls the work to be processed into the support tool and supports and processes the material by the support tool that stands by in a completed state of the work and a processing method using the machine tool are known. (For example, see Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent No. 5535838

  Since the support tool is processed from a support tool processing section provided exclusively for the tip portion of the material gripped by the spindle, the support tool is newly processed each time processing of one product is completed. In the case of using it, there is a drawback that the material cannot be used effectively and it is difficult to increase the use efficiency of the material.

In order to solve the above problem, a machine tool according to the present invention includes a main shaft for gripping a material for processing, and an opposing shaft facing the main shaft, the main shaft and the opposing shaft, and a processing tool for the material. A machine tool for processing the material into a product of a predetermined shape by supporting the material with a support provided on the opposed shaft, wherein the control unit has a tip portion of the product. to grasp the pre-processed material to the counter shaft in response to, cutting-off a tip portion including a working portion of the material as a support processing unit, the transfer to the opposite shaft, Gyoshi control to machine the support further, by removing the support from the support processing portion which Tsukkira, and the product was characterized by by controlled so you recovered from the counter shaft.

  Further, in the method for processing a material according to the present invention, the material gripped by the main shaft is held on an opposing shaft facing the main shaft, and a tip end portion of the material is cut off as a support tool processing portion and delivered to the opposing shaft for gripping. Then, the support tool processing section is processed into a support tool that supports an end of the material gripped by the main shaft, and the support tool processing section is cut off by the support tool that waits in a state where the processing is completed. In the method of processing a material for supporting a material after the processing and processing the product into a product having a predetermined shape, the material to be gripped by the main shaft is a material whose front end is pre-processed according to the product, and the support tool processing is performed. The part is cut off as a tip part including a processed part of the material, the support is removed from the cut-off part of the support, and the processed product is collected from the opposite shaft. .

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to the machine tool and the material processing method according to the present invention, the use of unnecessary materials is suppressed, and the use efficiency of the materials can be improved.

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing an automatic lathe as a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention. The front view which shows the 1st turret of an automatic lathe. 5 is a flowchart showing a processing operation when processing a bar into a product of a predetermined shape by an automatic lathe. Explanatory drawing which shows the processing operation | movement when processing into a product of a predetermined shape from a bar by an automatic lathe. Explanatory drawing which shows the next processing operation | movement following the processing operation shown in FIG. 4A. Explanatory drawing which shows the next processing operation | movement following the processing operation shown in FIG. 4B. Explanatory drawing which shows the next processing operation | movement following the processing operation shown in FIG. 4C. Explanatory drawing which shows the next processing operation | movement following the processing operation shown in FIG. 4D. Explanatory drawing which shows the next processing operation | movement following the processing operation shown in FIG. 4E. Explanatory drawing which shows the next processing operation | movement following the processing operation shown in FIG. 4F. Explanatory drawing which shows the next processing operation | movement following the processing operation shown in FIG. 4G. Explanatory drawing which shows the next processing operation | movement following the processing operation shown in FIG. 4H. Explanatory drawing which shows the next processing operation | movement following the processing operation shown in FIG. 5A. Explanatory drawing which shows the next processing operation | movement following the processing operation shown in FIG. 5B. Explanatory drawing which shows the next processing operation | movement following the processing operation shown in FIG. 5C. Explanatory drawing which shows the next processing operation | movement following the processing operation shown in FIG. 5D. Explanatory drawing which shows the next processing operation | movement following the processing operation shown in FIG. 5E. Explanatory drawing which shows the next processing operation | movement following the processing operation shown in FIG. 5F. Explanatory drawing which shows the next processing operation | movement following the processing operation shown in FIG. 5G. The figure which shows the workpiece | work discharge member movably provided in the 2nd spindle. The figure which shows the state which supported the front-end | tip part of the bar material hold | gripped by the chuck | zipper of the 1st spindle side by the front-end | tip part of a workpiece | work discharge member. The figure which showed the state which presses and discharges the front-end | tip part of a workpiece | work discharge member to the processed part of the processed product of the 2nd spindle side.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on the illustrated embodiments. FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing an automatic lathe as a machine tool according to one embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the automatic lathe 100 includes a first headstock 2 that rotatably supports a first spindle 1 and a second headstock 4 that rotatably supports a second spindle 3. . The two headstocks 2 and 4 are arranged to face each other such that the axes of the two spindles 1 and 3 are parallel to each other. Chucks 5 and 6 (see, for example, FIG. 4A) for gripping a material for processing are provided on the opposing surfaces of the main spindles 1 and 3 so that they can be opened and closed.

  The first headstock 2 is movable in the axial direction of the first spindle 1 (hereinafter, referred to as “Z1 axis direction”) along a guide rail 8 a by a first slide device 8 provided on a bed 7 of the automatic lathe 100. Is configured. The second headstock 4 is moved by the second and third slide devices 9 and 10 provided on the bed 7 along the guide rails 9a and 10a in the axial direction of the second spindle 3 (hereinafter referred to as the "Z2-axis direction"). ) And is movable in an X2 axis direction orthogonal to the Z2 axis direction in the horizontal direction. By moving the second headstock 4 in the X2 axis direction by driving the third slide device 10, the two main spindles 1 and 3 can be arranged to face each other so that their axes coincide.

  On the opposite side of the first main spindle 1, a first tool rest 12 on which a plurality of tools 11 for processing a material gripped by the first main spindle 1 is provided. As shown in FIG. 2, the first tool rest 12 is driven by a drive unit (not shown) provided on the tool rest support 13 so that Y 1 orthogonal to the Z1 axis direction in the horizontal direction along the guide rails 14 a and 14 b. It is configured to be movable in the X1 axis direction orthogonal to the axial direction and the vertical direction. The tool rest support 13 is fixed to the bed 7 side.

  On the opposite side of the second spindle 3, a second tool rest 16 on which a plurality of tools 15 for processing the material gripped by the second spindle 3 is fixed to the bed 7 side.

  The automatic lathe 100 includes a control device 17 that controls the operation of the entire lathe including the movement of the first tool rest 12 and the two headstocks 2 and 4 and the rotation of the two spindles 1 and 3. The control device 17 has a function of processing a product having a predetermined shape from a material for processing by the control based on a built-in program.

  Next, a processing operation of processing the product from a material by the automatic lathe 100 under the control of the control device 17 will be described with reference to a flowchart shown in FIG. 3 and FIGS. 4A to 4H and FIGS. 5A to 5H.

  A long bar 20 is supplied to the automatic lathe 100 from the rear end of the first spindle 1 as a material for processing by a conventionally known bar feeder or the like. As shown in FIG. 4A, the bar 20 protrudes from the tip of the first main shaft 1 by a predetermined length, and is held by the first main shaft 1 by the chuck 5. Then, the tip portion of the bar 20 protruding from the first main shaft 1 is machined to a size that can be gripped by the chuck 6 with a predetermined tool 11a mounted on the first tool rest 12 (step S1).

  Then, as shown in FIG. 4B, the second spindle 3 is moved toward the first spindle 1 by moving the second headstock 4 in the Z2 axis direction, and the processed portion is inserted into the chuck 6. Then, the chuck 6 is closed, and the distal end portion 20 a of the bar 20 is gripped by the second main shaft 3. Then, as shown in FIG. 4C, the chuck 5 of the first spindle 1 is opened, the second spindle 3 is retracted, the bar 20 is pulled out from the first spindle 1 by a predetermined length, and the chuck of the first spindle 1 is moved. 5 is closed, and the bar 20 is gripped by both the first main shaft 1 and the second main shaft 3 in a double-supported state (step S2).

  Then, as shown in FIG. 4D, while rotating the main spindles 1 and 3, a predetermined tool attached to the first tool rest 12 is used to move a predetermined tool from the second main spindle 3 continuous with the tip portion 20 a of the bar 20. Roughing according to the shape of the product is performed as primary processing on a portion separated by a length (step S3). 4D is a rough-processed portion of the processed portion 20b of the bar 20 (hereinafter, referred to as “rough-processed portion 20b”).

  Then, as shown in FIGS. 4D and 4E, the leading end portion 20a is cut off by the cutoff bit 11b. Then, as shown in FIG. 4F, the distal end portion 20a is processed into the support 21 (step S4). At this time, a center hole can be formed at the tip of the rough portion 20b.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 4G, the second main shaft 3 is moved to the first main shaft 1 side, and the tip of the support 21 is engaged with the center hole 20c formed in the rough processing portion 20b, thereby forming the rough processing portion 20b. The tip surface is supported (Step S5). As a result, the bar 20 is in a state where the rough-processed portion 20b is supported at the center, and even when the length of the rough-processed portion 20b is relatively long, the subsequent finishing can be performed with high accuracy.

  Then, while rotating the main spindles 1 and 3 in this state, the rough machining portion 20b of the bar 20 is finished (secondary machining) with a predetermined tool mounted on the first tool rest 12 (step S6). .

  Then, as shown in FIG. 4H, the chuck 6 of the second spindle 3 is opened, and the support 21 gripped by the second spindle 3 is discharged from the second spindle 3 (Step S7). A finished portion 20d of the bar 20 gripped by the first spindle 1 (hereinafter, referred to as a “finished portion”) 20d is a portion to be the product, and is finished in a shape corresponding to the product. I have. In step S7, when the support 21 is discharged from the second main shaft 3, for example, as shown in FIG. 4H, the work discharge member 30 is provided in the second main shaft 3 so as to be movable along the Z2 axis direction. It can be discharged from the front end side of the second spindle 3 by extrusion.

  As described above, the finishing step 20d to be the first (first) product is manufactured from the bar 20 by the processing steps (steps S1 to S7) (FIGS. 4A to 4H). The finished portion 20d is not yet cut off from the tip of the bar 20 and is in a state of being a substantially final product. The base end side of the finish processing portion 20d is processed to a size that can be gripped by the chuck 6.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 5A, the second spindle 3 is moved toward the first spindle 1, and the finishing portion 20 d on the tip end side of the bar 20 gripped by the first spindle 1 is inserted into the chuck 6. Then, the chuck 6 is closed and the finished portion 20d is gripped on the base end side (step S8). Then, as shown in FIG. 5B, the chuck 5 of the first spindle 1 is opened, the second spindle 3 is retracted, the bar 20 is pulled out from the first spindle 1 by a predetermined length, and the chuck 5 of the first spindle 1 is removed. After being closed, the bar 20 is gripped by both the first spindle 1 and the second spindle 3 in a double-supported state.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 5C, while the main spindles 1 and 3 are being rotated, a predetermined tool mounted on the first tool rest 12 is used to pull out a portion of the bar 20 that is supported by the main spindles 1 and 3. Roughing according to the shape of the product is performed as primary processing on a portion that is continuous with the finishing portion 20d and that is a predetermined length away from the second spindle 3 (step S9).

  Then, as shown in FIGS. 5C and 5D, the finishing portion 20d, which is the tip side of the roughing portion 20b of the bar 20, is cut off by a parting bit 11b. Then, as shown in FIG. 5E, the front end side of the finishing portion 20d gripped by the second spindle 3 is processed into the support 21 (step S10). At this time, a center hole can be formed at the tip of the rough portion 20b.

  As described above, the control device 17 causes the second main shaft 3 to grip the tip end side of the bar 20 pre-processed according to the product as the finish processing portion 20d as the support tool processing portion, cut off, and cut off the second end. It functions as a support tool processing means for transferring the workpiece to the main shaft 3 and controlling it to be processed into the support tool 21.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 5F, the second spindle 3 is moved to the first spindle 1 side, and the tip of the support 21 is engaged with the center hole 20c formed at the tip of the rough machining portion 20b, and rough machining is performed. The tip side of the portion 20b is supported (step S11). As a result, the rough-processed portion 20b of the bar 20 is supported by the support 21 so that subsequent finishing can be performed with high accuracy even when the length of the rough-processed portion 20b is relatively long. Can be.

  Then, while rotating the main spindles 1 and 3 in this state, the rough machining portion 20b of the bar 20 is finished (secondary machining) by a predetermined tool mounted on the first tool rest 12 (step S12). . The finishing portion 20d '(see FIG. 5G) of the bar 20 gripped by the first main spindle 1 is a portion to be the next (second) product, and is finished in a shape corresponding to the product. ing.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 5G, by performing processing such as cutting with a predetermined tool on the finished processing portion 20 d gripped by the second main shaft 3 so as to remove the support 21 on the distal end side, The finishing portion 20d gripped by the second spindle 3 is finally processed as the product. Then, as shown in FIG. 5H, the chuck 6 of the second spindle 3 is opened, and the first product 22 is taken out from the second spindle 3 and collected (Step S13).

  After the first product 22 is collected in step S13, the processing steps of steps S8 to S13 (FIGS. 5A to 5H) until a predetermined number of products are processed (step S14: NO). Is repeated as one cycle, the second and subsequent products 22 can be continuously processed and collected from the bar 20.

  As described above, the control device 17 functions as a product collection unit that removes the support 21 from the cut-off finished processing portion 20d and collects the product 22 from the second main shaft 3.

  If it is determined in step S14 that the predetermined number of products have been processed (step S14: YES), the above-described series of processing operations is terminated. The discharge of the support 21 when processing the first product and the recovery of the processed product 22 are performed by a discharge device (not shown) provided on the second spindle 3 side or in the second spindle 3. A work discharge member 30 as a moving body is provided so as to be movable along the Z2 axis direction, and the work discharge member 30 is pushed toward the front end of the second main shaft 3 by moving the work discharge member 30 toward the front end of the second main shaft 3. Conventionally known means such as extrusion from the base end side of the second spindle 3 by the material 20 gripped by the first spindle 1 can be used.

  As described above, when processing the first product, the distal end portion 20a of the bar 20 is processed into the support 21 as a support processing portion, and the bar 20 is gripped by the support 21 gripped by the second main shaft 3. When processing the second and subsequent products after supporting and processing the tip of the rough-processed portion 20b, the finishing portion 20d gripped by the second spindle 3 is processed into the support 21 as a support processing portion. By supporting and processing the tip of the bar material 20, the processing can be performed stably, and the product can be processed with high accuracy.

  Further, when processing the finishing portion 20d to be the first product, the support 21 to be a non-product is ejected, and then the finishing portion 20d to be the second product is processed. A support 21 is integrally formed at the end of the finishing portion 20 d that is held by the spindle 3 while waiting, and after the finishing of the bar 20 gripped by the first spindle 1 is completed. Only parts can be discharged as non-products. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the ratio of the support tool discharged from the bar 20 as a non-processed product, and to improve the use efficiency of the material when processing a product having a predetermined shape from the bar 20.

  The automatic lathe 100 according to the present embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is a so-called main spindle moving type in which the first main spindle 1 can move in the Z1 axis direction, but as shown in FIGS. 4A to 4H and FIGS. 5A to 5H. When the first spindle 1 is not moved in the Z1 axis direction, the automatic lathe 100 is fixed in a state where the first spindle 1 is not movable in the Z1 axis direction, and the first tool post 12 is freely movable in the Z1 axis direction. The so-called main shaft fixed type provided in the main body can also be used. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1, when a so-called spindle moving type automatic lathe is used, the machining operation shown in FIGS. 4A to 4H and 5A to 5H is performed by moving the first spindle 1 in the Z1 axis direction. Can also be configured.

  If an unexpected power failure or erroneous operation occurs during the machining operation shown in FIGS. 4A to 4H and FIGS. 5A to 5H of the above-described embodiment, the closed state of the chucks 5 and 6 is released, and the chucks 5 and 6 are released. May be open.

  For example, in the machining operation states shown in FIGS. 4H, 5G, and 5H, since the finished machining portions 20d, 20d 'are not separated from the bar 20, when the chuck 5 on the first spindle 1 side is opened, the chuck is re-engaged. Even if the bar 20 is gripped by the bar 5, the bar 20 held by the chuck 5 on the first spindle 1 side may be displaced.

  For this reason, when the chuck 5 is closed with respect to the storage means such as the memory on the control means 17 side in accordance with each processing operation (processing step) shown in FIGS. 4A to 4H and FIGS. 5A to 5H. Can be set so that once the chuck 5 is opened, the flag is lowered. For example, in FIG. 4C and FIG. 5B, after a command from the control device 17 side for closing the chuck 5 of the first spindle 1, a flag ("1") is set in the storage means, and once the chuck 5 is closed. When the detection signal is interrupted, the set flag can be reset. The flag is automatically set in response to the close command of the chuck 5, or it may be instructed to set the flag after the close command of the chuck 5.

  As described above, by setting and resetting the flag in the storage means, the control means 17 is configured by software as detection means for detecting switching from the state in which the bar 20 is gripped by the first spindle 1 to the state in which the rod 20 is not gripped. Has been functioning. Thereby, when the chuck 5 is opened during the processing operation (each processing step) shown in FIGS. 4C to 4H and FIGS. 5B to 5H, the flag is reset, and the control device 17 closes the chuck 5 once to close the product. It is possible to judge that an unexpected opening operation of the chuck 5 has occurred during the machining as 22.

  For example, when the opening and closing of the chuck 5 is performed by the extension or contraction operation of the cylinder, the reset of the flag is automatically performed by detecting the release of the extension or contraction state of the cylinder. Can be.

  In this case, the control device 17 functions as re-processing means, interrupts and stops the subsequent normal processing operation (processing step), and cuts off the processed portion of the bar 20 gripped again by the chuck 5 with a cut-off tool. Returning to the first processing operation (processing step) shown in FIG. 4A, processing is started from FIG. 4A. Thus, it is possible to prevent defective products from being produced.

  When a work discharge member 30 as a moving body is provided in the second main shaft 3 so as to be movable along the Z2 axis direction, as shown in FIG. 6, a tip of the work discharge member 30 has a conical protrusion. The tip 30a can be provided as a support.

  For example, at the time of the processing operation shown in FIG. 5F described above, as shown in FIG. 7, the workpiece discharge member 30 is gripped by the chuck 6 and fixed to the second main shaft 3 side, and the distal end portion 30a is The distal end side of the rough-processed portion 20b can be supported by engaging with the distal end surface (center hole) of the rough-processed portion 20b of the bar 20 gripped by the chuck 5 on the one spindle 1 side.

  As described above, the roughing portion 20b on the first main spindle 1 side is used as the supporting end by using the workpiece discharge member 30 provided in the second main spindle 3 as a support without machining and holding the supporting main body on the chuck 6. It can be easily supported on the (hole) side, the use of unnecessary material is suppressed, the use efficiency of the material can be improved, and even when the length of the rough machining portion 20b is relatively long. The subsequent finishing can be performed with high precision.

  The distal end 30a is formed by processing the distal end of the work discharge member 30 in advance into a projecting shape, and is separately prepared in advance from the work discharge member 30 so that the distal end 30a is detachably attached to the distal end of the work discharge member 30. It can be attached and provided.

  It is also conceivable that the roughed portion 20b is supported by the distal end portion 30a without gripping the workpiece discharge member 30 by the chuck 6. Incidentally, since the workpiece discharge member 30 is provided in the second spindle 3, the collection of the product 22 is performed by moving the workpiece discharge member 30 toward the tip of the second spindle 3 as shown in FIG. By pushing the product 22 toward the tip end of the second main shaft 3 via the portion 30a, it can be easily performed.

  In addition, by accommodating the workpiece discharge member 30 in the second spindle 3, the bar 20 having undergone the roughing is cut off, passed from the first spindle 1 to the second spindle 3, and subjected to secondary processing. After completion, the product 22 can be pushed out of the second spindle 3 by the work discharge member 30 and collected.

Cross-reference of related applications

  This application claims the priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2014-161348 filed with the Japan Patent Office on August 7, 2014, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.

1 First spindle (spindle)
2 First spindle head 3 Second spindle (opposite axis)
4 Second headstock 5, 6 Chuck 12 First turret 16 Second turret 17 Control device (control means)
20 Bars (materials)
20a Tip part 20b Roughing part 20c Center hole 20d Finishing part (support part processing part)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 21 Support tool 22 Product 30 Work discharge member (moving body)
30a Tip 100 Automatic lathe (machine tool)

Claims (8)

A main shaft for gripping a material for processing, and an opposing shaft facing the main shaft,
The main shaft and the opposed shaft, having a control means for controlling the processing tool of the material,
A machine tool for processing the material into a product having a predetermined shape, wherein the material is supported by a support provided on the opposed shaft,
The control means causes the opposed shaft to grip a material whose tip portion is pre-processed according to the product, cuts off a tip portion including a processed portion of the material as a support tool processing portion, and delivers the cut portion to the opposed shaft. Gyoshi control to machine the support, further, by removing the support from the support processing portion which Tsukkira, characterized in that by controlled so you recovering the product from the counter shaft Machine Tools. The control means causes the support tool processing portion to be gripped by the opposed shaft, pulls out the material from the main shaft, and causes a portion of the material continuous with the support tool processing portion to be processed into a shape corresponding to the product. later, the machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that control such breaks new ground the support processing unit.   The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the support is formed on an extension of a part of the product. When processing the material into the product having a predetermined shape, a detection unit is provided for detecting a switch from a state in which the material is gripped by the spindle to a non-grip state,
Wherein said control means, in response to the switching to the non-gripping state by the detection means, to stop the processing of the current of said material, characterized in that by controlled so that to start processing of the next of said product Item 4. The machine tool according to any one of Items 1 to 3. The material gripped by the main shaft is held on the opposing shaft facing the main shaft, the tip of the material is cut off as a support tool processing portion, passed to the opposing shaft and gripped, and the support tool processing portion is gripped by the main shaft. Processed into a support that supports the end of the material,
A method of processing a material for processing a material having a predetermined shape, by supporting the material after the support processing portion is cut off by the support that waits in a state where the processing is completed,
The material to be gripped by the main shaft is a material whose front end is pre-processed according to the product,
Cut off the support tool processing portion as a tip portion including a processed portion of the material,
A method of processing a material, comprising: removing the support from the cut-off support processing portion, and collecting the processed product from the opposed shaft. Cut off the support tool processing part,
The method is performed after the opposite shaft grips the support tool processing portion, pulls out the material from the main shaft, and processes a portion of the material continuous with the support tool processing portion into a shape corresponding to the product. A method for processing the material according to claim 5.   The method for processing a material according to claim 5, wherein the support is formed as a part obtained by extending a part of the product. When processing the material into the product having a predetermined shape, the material has a detection unit that detects switching from a state in which the material is gripped by the spindle to a non-grip state,
The processing of the material at this time is stopped and the processing of the next product is started in response to the switching to the non-gripping state by the detection unit, wherein the processing of the next product is started. A method for processing the material according to claim 1.

Images