JP6654821B2 - Horizontal axis windmill - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a horizontal-axis wind turbine, and more particularly to a horizontal-axis wind turbine that instantaneously turns the front surface of a rotor upwind when the wind direction changes even with a slight wind.

  A horizontal axis wind turbine having a rudder at the rear of the wind turbine housing is disclosed in, for example, Patent Document 1.

JP 2012-92651 A

In the invention described in Patent Literature 1, since a heavy generator, a transmission, and the like are disposed in the windmill housing, the weight of the rotating portion of the windmill housing becomes large, which corresponds to a rudder. It is difficult to orient the windmill housing immediately to the windward even if a strong airflow hits it.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a horizontal axis wind turbine that can respond to a change in the wind direction due to a slight wind and can always face the front surface of the blade to the windward.

  The specific contents of the present invention are as follows.

(1) from the interior of the tube-like mounting body upper horizontally mounted wind turbine housing on the struts, the rear portion of the rotor shaft is protruded horizontally towards the rear, the horizontal axis wind turbine equipped with a horizontal axis rotor the attachment member is configured to secure the lower portion to the upper surface of the strut, the engagement portion of the mounting body top, the rotary member which has rotatably fitted via a bearing integrally with the wind turbine housing the lower fixed to and rotatable with the upper portion of the mounting member by the rotation member該風wheel housing, and the upper end of the transmission shaft projecting the windmill housing from the upper end of the strut through the rotating member upwardly, a rotor shaft The front rudder is connected to the front end of the wind turbine casing by the transmission means, and the rudder is moved from the left and right outer peripheral sides of the windmill housing to the distal ends of the left and right support arms projecting rearward so that the distal ends do not contact the blades. After the position equivalent to the blade position, A horizontal axis windmill that is long in the front-back direction.

(2) The horizontal axis wind turbine according to (1), wherein the rudder is disposed such that a rear edge is directed outward in an inclination range of an outer side surface of 35 to 45 degrees with respect to a rotor shaft.

(3) The rudder according to the above (1) or (2), wherein the cross section of the rudder is a curved surface having an outer surface that is linear back and forth, an inner surface having a rear portion projecting inward, and a rear edge projecting outward. The described horizontal axis windmill.

(4) The horizontal axis wind turbine according to any one of (1) to ( 3 ), wherein the rudder is formed to be left-right asymmetric.

  According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

In the invention described in the above (1), since a heavy generator or the like is not provided in the windmill housing, the weight attached to the support pillar is light, so that it is easy to rotate even in a small wind.
In general, although the slip rings to the rotating portion is used, attachment fixing portion for fixing the strut bearings which is disposed at the top of the fitting member, so supports the rotating member, the rotation parts material and a windmill housing fixed integrally, it can be subjected to breeze rudder, and lightly reacted to rotate to direct the front of the rotor upwind direction.

In the invention described in the above (2), since the rudder is provided with the outer surface in an inclination range of 35 degrees to 45 degrees with respect to the rotor shaft, when the wind is received from the front surface, Is kept stable.
If the rudder is disposed at an angle of more than 45 degrees with respect to the rotor shaft, the rudder will receive too much resistance and will be unstable to changes in wind direction. If the opening is narrower than 35 degrees, it is difficult to respond sensitively to changes in the wind direction.

According to the invention described in the above (3), the cross section of the rudder has a curved outer surface that is straight forward and backward, an inner surface that is a curved surface that projects inward, and a rear edge that projects outward. The velocity of the airflow passing along the inner side surface is higher than the velocity of the airflow along the path, and the airflow passes backward and outward due to the Coanda effect.
Thus, the airflow passing along the left and right rudder has the effect of maintaining the wind turbine casing in the center without being affected by the reaction, and always directs the front surface of the rotor to the windward side.

  In the invention described in the above (4), since the rudder is formed to be asymmetrical left and right, it is possible to suppress the horizontal turning of the rotor due to the rotational vibration of the rotor by the non-uniform action of the airflow received by the rudder. .

It is a side view of one embodiment of a horizontal axis windmill of the present invention. It is a principal part enlarged longitudinal side view of the horizontal axis windmill shown in FIG. It is a principal part enlarged plan view in FIG. FIG. 4 is a front view of FIG. 3 as viewed from the right. It is a left view of Example 2 of the rudder of the horizontal axis windmill of this invention. It is a front view of Example 3 of the rudder of the horizontal axis windmill of this invention.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a horizontal axis wind turbine 1 of the present invention has a front portion of a wind turbine housing 3 rotatably mounted on an upper end of a vertical tubular support 2 via a tubular mounting body 4. It is configured. The attachment body 4 hangs down from the main part of the windmill housing 3, and is fixed to the tubular column 2 by bolting the lower end flange 4A to the upper end flange 2A of the column 2.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the windmill housing 3 has an elongated egg shape, and a support frame 6 is disposed inside a front portion thereof. The front portions of the rotor shaft 7 are supported by the bearings 6A and 6B before and after the support frame 6. The rear end of the horizontal rotor shaft 7 protrudes outward from the rear of the windmill housing 3, and a rotor 8 is mounted on the front end thereof.

The tubular mounting body 4 protruding downward from the support frame 6 is fixed to a flange 2A provided at the upper end of the column 2 via a flange 4A at the lower end thereof, and fitted at the upper end of the tubular mounting body 4. via bearings 5A provided in section 4B, the rotation member 5 is rotatably fitted.

Rotating member 5, the lower portion of the support frame 6 attached to the wind turbine housing 3, are integrally fixed, the wind turbine housing 3, the rotation member 5, can be rotated on the mounting member 4 It has become. Thus, when the wind is received by the rudder 14 and the direction changes, the windmill housing 3 can easily change its direction in the windward direction.

The lower end of the transmission shaft 10 of the vertical which is furnished to the tubular support column 2 is connected to a generator (not shown), also the upper end, through the center of the mounting body 4 and the rotating member 5, the support frame 6 The transmission means 11, which includes a bevel gear fixed to the upper end thereof, meshes with a transmission means 12 formed of a bevel gear fixed to the rotor shaft 7. Therefore, the rotation of the rotor 8 is transmitted to the transmission shaft 10 and power is generated by the generator.

  A plurality of lift-type blades 9 are fixed to the peripheral surface of the hub 8A of the rotor 8, and the tip of each lift-type blade 9 is an inclined portion 9A facing windward. When wind is received on the front surface of the blade 9, the airflow moving in the tip direction along the front surface of the blade 9 hits the inclined portion 9 </ b> A and increases the rotational force.

  The base 13A of the flat support arm 13 is fixed to the outer surface of the windmill housing 3 near the rear part, and is flattened in plan view. The base 13A extends outward of the windmill housing 3, and the tip 13B extends obliquely outward and rearward. A pair is formed up and down in a side view, and the rear ends of the pair are separated from each other to increase the interval.

  Although the rudder 14 is shown as a vertically long rectangle, the shape is not limited to this, and is arbitrary, such as a square or a circle. The cross section of the rudder 14 is such that the outer side surface 14A is straight forward and backward, the inner side surface 14B is formed in a curved surface with a gradually increasing thickness from the front edge to the rear edge, and the rear edge portion 14C is It protrudes in an arc shape toward.

The tip of the support arm 13 is fixed to the outer surface 14A by screwing, and the outer surface 14A is inclined at an angle of about 35 to 45 degrees with respect to the rotor shaft 7.
When the wind blows, the horizontal axis windmill 1 configured as described above has a large wind receiving area of the rudder 14 regardless of the wind direction. Turn the front of the machine upwind quickly.

  Even if the wind is light, no heavy object such as a generator is arranged in the windmill housing 3 and the mounting body 4 supports the windmill housing 3 with the bearings 5A. , And the rudder 14 is always leeward, so that the front surface of the rotor 8 faces windward, and the lift-type blade 9 receives the wind on the front surface and rotates without interruption.

  Since the rear part of the inner side surface 14B of the left and right rudder 14 is an arcuate curved surface protruding inward, the airflow passing along this becomes faster than the airflow passing along the outer side surface 14A. By flowing outward from the edge portion 14C, the mutual reaction causes the position of the rotor 8 to be maintained in a well-balanced manner.

  The transmission shaft 10 and the rotor shaft 7 are linked by transmission means 11 and 12 by bevel gears, so that even if the windmill housing 3 rotates, the transmission shaft 10 is not hindered and the direction of the rotor 8 is changed. Is transmitted to the transmission shaft 10 to rotate the generator disposed below the transmission shaft 10.

  FIG. 5 is an outer side view showing the second embodiment of the rudder 14. The same members as those in the previous example are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. In this embodiment, the outer surface 14A of the rudder 14 is formed in a concave shape like a bucket.

  As a result, when the airflow hits the outer side surface 14A, the airflow does not pass through, and a small turbulent airflow is generated at the trailing edge 14C or the upper and lower peripheral ends, the airflow stays on the concave surface, and the airflow does not slip through at high speed. Wind power acts on the rudder 14 to direct the rotor 8 upwind.

FIG. 6 is a front view showing a third embodiment of the rudder. The same members as those in the previous example are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
When the rotor 8 rotates in the state shown in FIG. 1, the centrifugal force causes the lift-type blade 9 to turn horizontally around the transmission shaft 10 by a force applied in a rotating direction from top to bottom.

  In order to suppress this turning, the left and right rudders 14 and 14 are made asymmetrical. In the drawing, the area receiving the wind is made larger for turning, and in FIG. Turning is suppressed by the wind.

  The left-right asymmetry of the rudder 14 can change various factors such as length, width, weight, mounting position from the rotor, and basically, the length of the blade in the rotor, weight, mechanical habit, wind condition It is set by, for example,

  According to the present invention, the front of the rotor can be directed to the windward in response to a change in the wind direction of the light wind, so that efficient power generation can be performed even in an area or a season where the wind direction is likely to change. It can be used for wind power generators.

1. 1. Horizontal axis wind turbine Tubular column 2A. Flange 3. 3. Windmill housing Mounting body 4A. Flange 4B. Fitting part 5. Rotating member 5A. Bearing 6. The support frames 6A, 6B. Bearing 7. Rotor shaft8. Rotor 8A. Hub 9. Lifting blade 9A. Inclined part
10.Transmission shaft
11,12. Transmission means
13. Support arm
13A. base
13B. Tip
14. Rudder
14A. Outer surface
14B. Inside surface
14C. Trailing edge

Claims (4)

From the interior of the wind turbine housing that is horizontally mounted to the tube-shaped mounting member upper on struts, the rear portion of the rotor shaft is protruded horizontally towards the rear, the horizontal axis wind turbine equipped with a horizontal axis rotor, the mounting body, is fixed to the lower portion to the upper surface of the strut, the engagement portion of the mounting member upper, fixed integrally rotating member which has rotatably fitted via a bearing windmill housing the lower and rotatable in the upper part of the mounting member by the rotation member該風wheel housing, and the upper end of the transmission shaft projecting the windmill housing from the upper end of the strut through the rotating member upwardly, the front end of the rotor shaft Are connected by a transmission means, and from the outer peripheral left and right rear portions of the wind turbine housing, the rudder is moved to the tip portions of the left and right support arms projecting rearward so that the tips do not contact the blades. Vertical and front and back The horizontal axis wind turbine, characterized in that the longer disposed direction.   2. The horizontal axis wind turbine according to claim 1, wherein the rudder is provided with an outer surface in an inclination range of 35 degrees to 45 degrees with respect to a rotor axis, with a trailing edge facing outward.   The rudder is characterized in that a cross section of the rudder has a curved surface that is straight forward and rearward on an outer surface, a curved surface that gradually projects inward from a front part to a rear part, and a rear edge that projects outward. The horizontal axis wind turbine according to 1 or 2.   The horizontal axis wind turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the rudder is formed asymmetrically in the left-right direction.

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